Podewils

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of the Podewils

Podewils is a noble family from the Pomerania with the same name as the Podewils parent company (today Podwilcze) in the former Belgard district . The form of the name changed in the course of time between Padewelsch , Podwils , Pudewelcz , Pudewels , Pudewils , Pudewilz , Pudwyls etc. The family expanded strongly, initially as Pudwels herb Pudwels (Podewils with Podewils coat of arms) to Poland and to the Duchy of Prussia , later also to the Mark Brandenburg , Mecklenburg , Holstein and Denmark , as well as the Principality of Bayreuth , the Bavarian Upper Palatinate and finally to Württemberg . Branches of the family still exist today.

history

The family was first mentioned in a document on January 11, 1347 with Venzeke Pudwilz . In 1362 the dukes of Pomerania, Bogislaw , Barnim and Wartislaw settled a dispute between the Bishop of Cammin Johann I von Sachsen-Lauenburg , the Kameke , the Bulgrin , the Podewils and the city of Köslin . In 1387 Reymer Podewils compared himself to Henning Radeke . In 1388 Raymarus Pudewilsch , Reymer Pudwelch and Michel Pudewels were involved in the attack on the Duke of Geldern .

The continuous line of the family begins with Ventz von Podewils , 1402 heir to Podewils and Landvogt zu Stolp . The family divided for the first time under his sons. While the line donated by Wulff Podwyls to Podwils († after 1458) stayed on the family estate, as well as u. a. after Glötzin (until after 1780) and Friedland in Poland, with Christoph von Podewils († after 1586/1589) produced a court marshal at Kolbatz , but went out at the beginning of the 18th century, Ventz von Podewils put on Podewils († after 1476) with his three sons continued the family line. Whereby the line donated by Hans von Podewils to Podewils († after 1487) u. a. Mallow, Karvin , Glötzin, Körlin , also produced some well-known officers, especially in Poland with Georg von Podewils on Gronowo and Marienfelde († 1625/1626) achieved a certain reputation, but found its way out in all branches at the beginning of the 18th century . The line donated by Peter von Podewils to Coseeger and Zietlow († after 1480), to which Nicolaus Heinrich von Podewils († 1643), chancellor and monastery bailiff in Köslin and later dean of Kolberg Cathedral , also belonged, is also a member around the middle of the 19th century. Century.

The third brother Adam von Podewils († 1503), governor of Zanow and Belgard, was the first outstanding personality of the sex and at the same time the progenitor of all branches that have existed up to the present day, those of Podewils . The family divided again under his sons, Peter von Podewils († before 1522) and Ventz von Podewils († after 1516). The three came into the possession of House Demmin in 1495 . In 1490 he took part in the legation to Poland, which in 1491 led Anna of Poland (1476–1503), daughter of King Casimir IV , as a ducal bride to Pomerania .

Peter von Podewils († before 1522) was court marshal, Vogt and governor of Loitz . He accompanied Duke Bogislaw X on his cruise to Palestine and was knighted in Jerusalem in 1497 . He was also the founder of the Demminer Line u. a. on Haus Demmin , Vorwerk and Sanzkow (from 1515 to 1861).

Krangen Castle, Western Pomerania

Joachim von Podewils († 1551) heir to Demmin and Krangen (family property from 1506 to 1860), governor in Stolp, captain in Gartz and princely Pomeranian council, continued the line. His son Felix von Podewils (1525–1597) was also the heir to Krangen and Demmin, as well as a Pomeranian district administrator. His son Joachim von Podewils (1578–1619), heir to Krangen and Demmin, was royal Danish councilor.

The line is shared again with his four sons: the royal Swedish colonel , district administrator in Western Pomerania and heir to Demmin, Felix von Podewils (1611–1686), from whom the Württemberg baronial line of Leinstetten descends, which is still flourishing to the present day (see below), the Hanover General Feldzeugmeister , Privy War Councilor and Governor of Hanover , Heinrich von Podewils (1615–1696), who remained childless, the electoral Brandenburg district administrator and lord of the Krangen, Zirchow and Kummerow , Gerd von Podewils (1616–1676), and Adam von Podewils (1617–1697), Brandenburg Privy Councilor of State, Pomeranian government councilor and chamber president, castle captain of Western Pomerania and cathedral dean of Kolberg , also hereditary lords of Krangen, Wusterwitz , Wintershagen , Jannewitz and Suckow .

The grandchildren of the last named, the brothers Heinrich von Podewils (1696–1760), heir on cranes and royal Prussian Real Secret Minister of State (Foreign Minister of Frederick the Great), Adam Joachim von Podewils (1697–1764), heir to Varzin and later royal Prussian Major General and Otto Friedrich Christoph von Podewils (1702–1760), heir to Wussow , as well as the great-grandson or cousin of the above Otto Christoph von Podewils (1719–1781), heir to Gusow and later royal Prussian envoy to the Viennese court, were celebrated in 1741 the tribute to Frederick the Great by the Silesian estates in Breslau , raised to the hereditary Prussian count status. These Prussian Counts of Podewils , however, already found their starting point in the male line in the two following generations.

Ventz von Podewils († after 1516), the second son of the above Adam von Podewils († 1503), was the heir to Podewils and Rarfin . Like his brother, he took part in the ducal cruise to Palestine and was also knighted in Jerusalem. His only son Paul von Podewils († 1562) extended the property to Lantow , Schwartow and Latzig , and also held the patronage of the church in Suckow. The line flourished in Pomerania until the middle of the 19th century. With the last named son Matthias von Podewils († 1586), heir to Battin and Rarfin in Pomerania, who followed Margrave Albrecht to Prussia and founded the Penken line there , the family transplanted to East Prussia . The East Prussian line also began in the middle of the 19th century.

Wildenreuth Castle , Upper Palatinate

Hans von Podewils (1570–1647), a grandson of the above Matthias, was a private councilor, sergeant and court marshal of the Hohenzollern Margrave Christian of Brandenburg-Bayreuth , as well as bailiff of Bayreuth and Kulmbach . He was enfeoffed by his master in 1611 with Wildenreuth Castle for services rendered . He was founder of the so in the Upper Palatinate -based Bavarian barons of Podewils , which to this day at Castle Wildenreuth and since 1933 on Castle Reuth are located. In 1715, Christoph Erdmann von Pudewels was raised to the status of a Bavarian baron. The royal Bavarian major in the 2nd cuirassier regiment in Freising , Franz Friedrich Jakob Freiherr von Podewils (1779–1842), heir to Kalmreuth was 1817, the brothers adH Weißdorf (†) Friedrich Ludwig Ernst Freiherr von Podewils (1777–1837), the Royal Bavarian Captain Wilhelm Erdmann Ernst Freiherr von Podewils (1781–1848), the Austro-Hungarian Colonel Friedrich Karl Ernst Freiherr von Podewils (1782–1848), and the Royal Bavarian Major Ludwig Heinrich Friedrich Freiherr von Podewils (1787–1838) were 1819 enrolled in the noble class of barons in the Kingdom of Bavaria.

As a result of the marriage of Constantin Carl Friedrich Freiherr von Podewils (1820–1887) from the Bavarian line with Philippine Amalie Freiin von Junker-Bigatto (1822–1900) in 1848, the names were merged with the barons of Juncker-Bigatto as Podewils-Juncker -Bigatto . In 1878 there was a name and coat of arms association with the barons of Dürniz for Clemens Freiherr von Podewils-Juncker-Bigatto (1850-1922), son of the last two named, the 1874 Friederike Freiin von Dürniz (* 1856), the last of her sex , married when von Podewils-Dürniz . The same, meanwhile Royal Bavarian Chamberlain , State Councilor, State Minister of the Royal House and Foreign Affairs and Chairman of the Council of Ministers , was raised to the royal Bavarian count status in 1911. In the same year she was enrolled in the count class of the nobility in the Kingdom of Bavaria. The branch of the Bavarian Counts of Podewils donated by him has existed to the present day. In 1935, Count Clemens von Podewils-Juncker-Bigatto (1905–1978), grandson of Prime Minister Count Clemens von Podewils-Dürniz, inherited the domain of Schweing in Bohemia, which until 1945 was the center of his family's life.

A branch of the Upper Palatinate Podewils from Reuth has recently been named Freiherr von und zu Aufsess-von Podewils as the successor to von und zu Aufseß auf Elmischwang .

Leinstetten Castle , Württemberg

For Edwin Karl Friedrich Bogislaw Podewils (1819-1869), Lord of the Manor on Leinstetten (since 1847 owned), and chief official in Sulz am Neckar took place in 1854, the elevation in Württemberg baron . The branch of the Württemberg barons of Podewils , which he donated, has existed to the present day and is based at Leinstetten Castle .

Other families

  • Podewils - Prussian nobility legitimation in 1788 for Alexander von Podewils (* 1774), natural son of the royal Prussian secret legation and court counselor Christian Ludwig von Podewils (1723–1783) with Katharina Kestner with the settlement of the paternal family name and coat of arms.
  • Podewils - Prussian approval with diploma in 1890 for patrilineal hereditary use of the name and coat of arms of Podewils , tied to the possession of the former Podewils Fideikommiss Penken for Bernhard von Pressentin called Rautter adH Willkam (1860-1888) as heir of these goods of his maternal uncle Bogislaw von Podewils (1833-1888).
  • Katzler called von Podewils - hereditary name and coat of arms association for the royal Prussian major general Karl von Katzeler (1855-1935) with the von Podewils via diploma 1917 , patrilinearly tied to the possession of the former Podewils Fideikommiß Penken with Seeben and Dollstädt in the district of Preußisch Eylau .
  • Hünke von Podewils - name association without nobility legitimation with the non-aristocratic maiden name of the two Podewils adoptive children Waltraud Hünke (* 1907) and Karl Hünke (* 1909) by authorization in 1923 .

coat of arms

The family coat of arms is indicated today as follows: horizontally divided, above a growing natural stag in silver, below in three rows of blue and silver; on the helmet with blue and gold covers a natural peacock feather between three black cock feathers. " Deer over chess " is the recurring motif of a group of coats of arms of several Pomeranian noble families.

Historically there were some variants of the Podewils coat of arms, so in the 19th century the Podewils on Krangen and Demmin had an oblique left division instead of the horizontal division with a growing golden or natural stag in silver above and sometimes smaller chess below, with blue-silver ones and blue and gold helmet covers. The Podewils in Poland also had a different variant of the coat of arms: in the vertically split shield, on the right (without color information) sheathed, on the left a growing, silver stag in blue. A peacock feather on the helmet, or just three pheasant feathers or a black grouse tail in the style of a peacock.

Paul von Podewils († 1562) also had a different coat of arms, with a quartered shield 1: 4 for chess, 2: 3 an upright, sword-bearing and inwardly striding griffin . An image is preserved on an epitaph of the church in Suckow.

The Prussian-Count's coat of arms (1741) of the Pomeranian line shows the main coat of arms, but with a golden border and divided obliquely to the left - the lower half is roughened. On the shield rest two crowned helmets, each with blue and silver covers on the right and blue and gold on the left; on the right a golden armored and royally crowned black eagle's torso , on the left the heraldic ornament . Shield holders are two golden armed and royal crowned black Prussian eagles , the wings each covered with golden clover stems and the chest with the royal crowned initials "FR" ( Fridericus Rex ). Shield and shield holder stand on a pedestal .

The baronial coat of arms (1854) of the Württemberg branch is divided diagonally to the left and roughened at the bottom, otherwise identical to the main coat of arms.

The alliance coat of arms Podewils-Dürniz (1878) corresponds to the count's coat of arms (1911): shield four-sided (barons of Dürniz) and topped with a heart shield with a growing natural stag in silver above, below with blue and gold in three rows of 15 places (Family coat of arms). 1) in gold a growing right-turned, gold-crowned and blue-clad man with a gold collar, lapels and waist band, in his right hand wielding a shiny sword emblazoned with gold, supporting the left in his side; 2) a crowned golden lion in blue striding to the right; 3) a golden lily in blue; 4) a red patriarchal cross in gold . Three helmets with blue and gold covers, on the right a golden salt vat between two buffalo horns (Freiherren von Dürniz) divided by blue and gold , on the middle a natural peacock feather, each with three black cock feathers (helmet of the family coat of arms), and on the left a golden crowned and golden armored swinging eagle (Barons von Dürniz).

  • "Coat of arms of Schleswig-Holstein, Danish and other noble families"

  • Coat of arms from the Pomeranian Wappenbuch (1843)

  • Prussian-Count's coat of arms in the Pomeranian Wappenbuch

Name bearer

Heinrich Graf von Podewils (1696–1760), Prussian Foreign and Cabinet Minister Frederick the Great
Count Clemens von Podewils-Dürniz (1850-1922), Bavarian Prime Minister (1903-1912)

See also

literature

Grave chapel of the Podewils in Krangen
Palais Podewils in Berlin

Web links

Commons : Podewils family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Original originally (until 1945) in the Stettin State Archives , Diocese of Cammin, No. 88a; Printed (with errors) by Johann Christian Schöttgen : Old and new Pommerland. Stargard 1721, pp. 394-397.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Ernst Hubert von Michaelis (home district committee Schlawe, ed.): Parish Wusterwitz district Schlawe in Pomerania. Siegen 1988, Volume 19 of the Herder JG Library Siegerland e. V., self-published, pp. 25–38.
  3. ↑ a b c Lars A. Severin: Three extinct lines of the family v. Podewils. In: The Herald. Quarterly Heraldry, Genealogy, and Allied Science. New series, Volume 18, Volume 54, Berlin 2011, Issue 4, pp. 249–264.
  4. ^ Albrecht Elzow : Pommerscher Adelsspiegel by Albrecht Elzow from the 17th century, supplemented, corrected and expanded by Christoph v. Heydebreck and Friedrich Wilhelm v. the east plathe in the 18th century. Landesarchiv Greifswald Signature: Rep. 41 vdOsten-Plathe Ost 11 / I. Podewils department.
  5. ^ Dirk Schleinert : The estate economy in the Duchy of Pommern-Wolgast in the 16th and early 17th centuries. In: Publications of the Historical Commission for Pomerania. Row 5, Research on Pomeranian History. Vol. 36, Böhlau, Cologne Weimar 2001, ISBN 3-412-10401-9 , pp. 176-178. ( Google books ).
  6. ↑ Reinhold Cramer: History of the Lande Lauenburg and Bütow. Vol. 1, Königsberg 1858, p. 168. ( Google books )
  7. ↑ Dirk Schleinert : The Demmin area between 1500 and 1630. In: Hans Joachim von Oertzen (Hrsg.): Border region between Pomerania and Mecklenburg. Lectures 1999–2000. (= Publications of the Friends of the District Home Museum Demmin. Vol. 2) Helms, Schwerin 2001, ISBN 3-931185-86-9 , p. 63f.
  8. ↑ Maximilian Gritzner : Chronological register of the Brandenburg-Prussian class increases and acts of grace from 1600-1873. Berlin 1874, p. 24.
  9. ^ A b c Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Adeligen Häuser (A), Justus Perthes, Gotha 1912, pp. 613–626.
  10. ↑ This corrugation is not consistently divided, which is why, on the other hand, two tribes, whose connection is not completely assured, are shown.
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h GHdA Adelslexikon Volume X, Volume 119 of the complete series, ISSN  0435-2408 , pp. 436-438.
  12. ^ A b Maximilian Gritzner : Status surveys and acts of grace of German sovereigns during the last three centuries. 1880, p. 283.
  13. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Areligen Häuser (B), Justus Perthes, Gotha 1913, pp. 724–725. (Stammreihe), 1930, p. 629. (Supplements)
  14. ↑ GHdA, Adelslexikon Volume VI, Volume 91 of the complete series, 1987, pp. 142-143.
  15. ↑ Institute German Adelsforschung home.foni.net .
  16. ↑ Seweryn hrabia Uruski : Rodzina. Herbarz Szlachty Polskiej. Warszawa 1904-1931, Volume XV., Pp. 77-78.
  17. ↑ Coat of arms of Schleswig-Holstein, Danish and other noble families . dibiki.ub.uni-kiel.de. Retrieved April 9, 2020.