Vráto

Vráto
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Jihočeský kraj
District :	České Budějovice
Area :	153 hectares
Geographic location :	48 ° 59 '  N , 14 ° 32'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 59 '16 "  N , 14 ° 31' 37"  E
Height:	405  m nm
Residents :	427 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	370 01
License plate :	C.
traffic
Street:	Budweis - Rudolfov
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Martin Muchka (as of: 2018)
Address:	Vráto 20 370 01 Vráto
Municipality number:	535796
Website :	www.vrato.cz
Location of Vráto in the České Budějovice district

Vráto , until 1923 Vráta (German Brod ), is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located four kilometers northeast of the city center of Budweis in South Bohemia and belongs to the Okres České Budějovice .

geography

Vráto extends to the right of the Dubičný creek at the foot of the Lischauer Schwelle in the Budweiser Basin. To the north lies the valley of the Čertík brook with the Kačer pond. The Dlouhý vrch (551 m) rises to the southeast and the Červený vrch (429 m) to the northwest.

Neighboring towns are Úsilné in the north, Hůry and Adamov in the northeast, Rudolfov in the east, Dubičné in the southeast, Dobrá Voda u Českých Budějovic in the south, Hlinsko and Nové Vráto in the southwest, Husova kolonie in the west and Světlík and Nemanice in the northwest.

history

It is believed that the village was built on the arterial road to the east after the city of Budweis was founded. The first written mention of Brod took place in 1375. In 1384, the village consisted of 15 farms with a total of eight hubs of land. During the conspiracy of the German citizens of Budweis against the mayor Andreas Puklitz von Wstuch ( Ondřej Puklice ze Vstuh ), the fatally wounded man was tortured on May 25, 1467 in the dungeon of the Budweiser Town Hall by the Broder farmers who were used for guarding. The Czech place name Wrata is first recorded in 1479. In 1498, King Vladislav II Jagiello confirmed the town's "long-term ownership" of the villages of Wrata, Wesce ( Vesce ), Pucharky ( Pohůrka ), Dubiczen , Lince ( Hlinsko ), Mlade ( Mladé ), Wrben německá or Suchowrbnj ( Suché Vrbné ) , Rožnow ( Rožnov ), Litwinowice , Ssindlowy Dwory ( Šindlovy Dvory ), Haklowy Dwory ( Haklovy Dvory ) and Wrben česká ( České Vrbné ). The villages were entered in the land table in 1543 as the property of the royal city of Budweis. Silver mining began east of the village in the second third of the 16th century. On the fields of Brod along the strike of the Rudolfstadt silver gang train a . a. The Mines Twelve Thousand Knights ( Dvanácti tisíc rytířů ), God's Gift ( Boží dar ), Golden Calf ( Zlaté tele ), Golden Lion ( Zlatý lev ), St. Anna ( Svatá Anna ), St. Joachim ( Svatý Jáchym ), Rich Consolation ( Bohatá útěcha ), Five Brothers ( Pět bratří ), Green Oak ( Zelený dub ) and God's Grace ( Milost boží ). Brod also benefited from the Rudolfstadt mining industry, although it continued to be dominated by agriculture. Some of the residents worked as miners in the pits. With the beginning of the Thirty Years War, mining began to decline. In the berní rula of 1654, 16 farms are listed for Brod, in 1713 there were just as many. On January 26, 1734, a large fire destroyed five farms. In 1840 Brod / Wrata consisted of 31 houses with 220 mostly German-speaking residents. The pastor was Rudolphstadt . Until the middle of the 19th century the village was always subject to the city of Budweis.

After the abolition of patrimonial Brod / Vráta formed from 1850 with the district Hlinz / Hlinsko a municipality in the district administration and the judicial district Budějovice / Budweis. At the end of the 19th century the workers' settlement Neu Brod / Nové Vráta was built on Budweiser Straße below the village , in which mainly Czechs lived. In 1896 the German population of Brod founded a volunteer fire brigade. At the beginning of the 20th century, local events shifted to Neu Brod, which is characterized by its proximity to the city, while the actual village, now mostly known as Alt Brod / Stará Vráta , continued to be rural. In 1900 Brod consisted of 62 houses with 688 mostly German-speaking residents. In 1910 the community had 1,133 inhabitants, of which 673 were Czech and 460 German. In the district of Brod / Vráta (including Neu Brod ) lived 837 people, 556 of them Czechs and 281 Germans. In 1911 the intercity bus route from Budweis to Wittingau was started; However, this initially did not bring the village any advantages, because the buses did not initially stop in Brod due to the proximity to Budweis. After the founding of Czechoslovakia in 1918, the municipal administration was Czechized. The German mayor Mottz was deposed and an administrative commission convened, whose chairman Froněk was elected as the new mayor in 1919. The German population refused to sign an agreement on the bilingual designation of the place. In 1921, 728 Czechs and 222 Germans lived in the 106 houses in Brod / Vráta ; Alt Brod / Staré Vráta consisted of 44 houses and had 265 mostly German-speaking residents. The Czech place name was changed to Vráto in 1924 . In 1929 a two-class Czech village school started teaching. In the following year, negotiations took place on the construction of an airfield north of the village in the fields above the Čertík valley, but this did not materialize and was built in 1935 near Planá . In 1938 a Czech volunteer fire brigade was established in Nové Vráto. After the end of the Second World War, the property of the German residents was confiscated between June and July 1945; they were taken to the Suché Vrbné internment camp and evicted until 1946 . Czechs were settled on their homesteads. At the same time, especially young people from Nové Vráto left the place and sought their fortune in the border areas . The local national committee (MNV) rejected the proposed incorporation to Budweis in 1946 . In 1949 the community was connected to the Budweiser trolleybus network. On January 1, 1952, Vráto was forcibly incorporated with Hlinsko and Nové Vráto to České Budějovice. From 1960 Vráto again formed its own municipality with the district Hlinsko, Nové Vráto has remained a district of České Budějovice ever since. Between Vráto and Nové Vráto, the construction of a prefabricated housing estate began in 1962, and in 1976 an industrial area was also established there. At the beginning of 1976 it was incorporated into Rudolfov. After a referendum, Vráto broke away from Rudolfov on November 24, 1990 and has since formed its own community. In 1991, 186 people lived in the 57 houses of Vráto.

Community structure

No districts are shown for the municipality of Vráto.

Attractions

• Chapel of St. Wenceslas on the village square, built around 1900
• Farmsteads No. 3, 5, 12, 23, 29, 33 and 38 in peasant baroque style
• Classicist house number 20 next to the chapel

Sons and daughters of the church

• Jiří Zeman (1926–1993), painter

Web links

Commons : Vráto  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• History of Vráto
• Presentation on selskebaroko.cz

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/535796/Vrato
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 0.8 MiB)
3. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 9 Budweiser Kreis, 1840, p. 28
4. ↑ http://jihogen.wz.cz/vrato.jpg  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.