Chrášťany u Týna nad Vltavou
| Chrášťany | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | České Budějovice | ||||
| Area : | 2293 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 18 ' N , 14 ° 23' E | ||||
| Height: | 451 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 719 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 373 03 - 373 04 | ||||
| License plate : | C. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Bernartice - Týn nad Vltavou | ||||
| Next international airport : | České Budějovice Airport | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 5 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Josef Vomáčka (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Chrášťany 79 373 04 Chrášťany u Týna nad Vltavou |
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| Municipality number: | 544591 | ||||
| Website : | www.chrastany.eu | ||||
| Location of Chrášany in the České Budějovice district | |||||
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Chrášťany (German Chraschtian ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers west of Bechyně in South Bohemia and belongs to the Okres České Budějovice .
geography
Chrášťany is located on a terrace on the right side above the valley of the Bílinský creek in the Central Bohemian hill country. The Babina (467 m) rises to the east, the Dubový vrch (476 m) to the southeast, the Chrášťanská hůrka (479 m) to the south, the Chlum (509 m) to the west and the Tábor (504 m) to the northwest. The Plziny Nature Park extends to the northeast. To the east lies the Šternberský rybník pond, to the west the Vltava valley flooded with the Orlík dam . The Vltava tributary Řežábka rises in Chrášťany. Road II / 105 between Bernartice and Týn nad Vltavou runs through the village .
Neighboring towns are Dražíč and Soví in the north, Koudelka and Radětice in the northeast, Hemera, U Bártů, Šternberk and Bechyně in the east, U Kutišů, Hvožďany, Nuzice and Červený Mlýn in the southeast, Koloměřice, Hosty and Dobrný in the south, Kaly, Doubravka and U Hoška in the southwest, Jehnědsko and Jehnědno in the west and Vranov and Dražíčské Březí in the northwest.
history
Chrášťany was probably founded at the beginning of the 11th century in the course of colonization by the episcopal estate Týn nad Vltavou and is one of the oldest villages around Týn nad Vltavou. The first written mention of the village Chrazcan , which belongs to the Újezdec castle, was made in 1352 when Záviš von Robná acquired the property. The place name is derived from chrást ( bush ). Since Záviš's son Albert acquired the title of Chrazcan , it can be assumed that there was a fortress and a court in Chrazcan at that time . The oldest records about the pastors of Chrášťany come from the years 1370 and 1384. The St. The Gothic church consecrated to Bartholomew was completed in 1384. Albert von Chrazcan's younger brother Jetřich von Doubrawa, who took over the property in 1387, continued to call himself Doubrawa after his previous estate and never von Chrazcan . During the Hussite movement, on July 22nd, 1419, the Great Assembly of Pilgrimages to the Mountain ( poutě na hory ), at which the believers met at various lofty points, camped there and preached in the open air, first on the hill Holý between Chrášťany and Koloměřice; the final sermon in front of 42,000 believers took place on the Tábor. The information about the ownership of Chrášťany has been unclear since then. Some sources state that the property came under the rule of Bechin. This is obvious from the geographical location, but at that time the villages Dolní Chrášťany and Horní Chrášťany near Lhenice had the same owners as Bechin. It is more likely that Bechin only owned the farm at which Wenzel von Schwanberg had a sheep farm built in the middle of the 16th century. On April 12, 1468, King Georg von Podiebrad u. a. also a part of Chrášťany to the lender of the Týn nad Vltavou estate, Jan Čabelický of Soutice. During the Thirty Years' War the Protestant parish became extinct and the Church of St. Bartholomew became a branch of the Dechanteikirche Bechin in the course of re-Catholicization , where the registers were then also kept. At the end of the war, Swedish troops looted the church. Archbishop Franz Ferdinand von Kuenburg had a parish set up again in Chrášťany in 1724, the districts of which also included Hosty, Pašovice, Koloměřice and Doubravka. The first pastor was Antonín Pelikán. The Theiner portion comprised twelve properties with 110 residents when it was recorded in 1765. In 1768 the wooden schoolhouse burned down and was replaced by a new building. During the Napoleonic Wars, French troops left damage in Týn nad Vltavou, Chrášťany and Dražíč. When the inventory was taken in 1814, the population of Chrášťany, which showed 135 men and 167 women, was recorded. In 1831 the two-class school operation began. In 1840 Chraschtian or Chraschtian / Chrasstiany consisted of 50 houses with 373 inhabitants. 36 houses were subject to the archbishopric of Thein and 14 to the lordship of Bechin. In the village there was a parish church, a parish office and a school under the patronage of the rule Thein. The remote Dominikalhaus W Kamenin also belonged to the Theiner share . The Bechiner part included a stately Meierhof, the one-layer Hemmer / Hemery , which consists of three Dominikal houses, and the steeply situated Sternberg mill . Chraschtian was the parish for Březy, Klein-Daubrawa, Hosty , Koloměřitz, Nemiegitz, Paschowitz, Slabschitz, Smeletsch, Groß-Daubrawa, Draschitz and Nepomuk and Wranow. The residents lived mainly from agriculture. Since the beginning of the 19th century, a building block was also operated. In 1840 a paper mill started operations in Vranov, where people from Chrášťany also found wage labor. Since the schoolhouse had become too small in the meantime, lessons were also held in private homes. Until the middle of the 19th century the village always remained subordinate to Thein and Bechin.
After the abolition of the patrimonial both parts of Chrášťany / Chraschtian and the single layer U Šternberka were united in 1848 to a village with 50 houses and 386 inhabitants. Together with the districts Koloměřice / Kolomierschitz and Malá Doubrava / Klein Daubrawa , Chrášťany formed from 1850 a municipality in the district administration and the judicial district Týn nad Vltavou / Moldauthein. In 1855 a new school building was inaugurated. From 1878 the school was taught in three classes and from 1889 in four classes. At the end of the 19th century the place was called Chrašťany . Koloměřice and Malá Doubrava broke away in 1891 and formed their own communities. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1897. In 1910 there were 364 Czech-speaking residents in the Chrášťany / Chrašťan community. During the German occupation in 1942, 17 Jewish residents were deported to the German concentration camps, of which only one survived. In 1943 the Gestapo arrested four residents and took them to the Auschwitz concentration camp. In the same year Koloměřice was incorporated. This was lifted again in 1945 after the end of the Second World War. After the end of the war some of the residents moved to the border areas and settled in Dobrá Voda, Šumperk , Nová Bystřice and Úterý . In 1960 the Okres Týn nad Vltavou was abolished and the municipality was assigned to the Okres České Budějovice at the request of the local national committee (MNV) , after previously being incorporated into the Okres Písek . On June 14, 1964 Doubravka and Koloměřice were incorporated. Since February 12, 1976 Chrášťany was the seat of Hosty, Pašovice and Doubrava. On April 1, 1976, the complete incorporation of Hosty (with Pašovice) and Doubrava followed. After a referendum, Hosty broke away from Chrášťany on November 24, 1990 and formed its own community.
Community structure
The municipality Chrášťany consists of the districts Chrášťany ( Chraschtian ), Doubrava ( Groß Daubrawa ), Doubravka ( Klein Daubrawa ), Koloměřice ( Kolomierschitz ) and Pašovice ( Paschowitz ), which also form cadastral districts. Chrášťany also includes the Doubravská Hladná ( Hladna 2nd part ), Pletka, Rudolfov, Rybárna, Šternberk, Stružka, U Bártů, U Kutišů and U Rybáka residential areas. Basic settlement units are Chrášťany, Doubrava, Doubravka, Hladná, Koloměřice and Pašovice.
The municipality is divided in two by the western part of the Hosty district (Močín, U Rybáka and U Burdů).
Attractions
- Baroque parish church of St. Bartholomäus, the originally Gothic building from the 14th century was redesigned several times in the 18th and 19th centuries. The tower is located on the west side of the single-nave structure. The Gothic portal has been preserved on the south side. Inside there is a late Gothic baptismal font. Until 1772 the church was surrounded by a cemetery, which was then moved to the outskirts. Repairs were carried out between 1993 and 2003.
- Niche chapel from 1894 on the road to Doubravka
- Memorial stone for those who fell in both World Wars, it was unveiled on July 9, 1933 for the victims of the First World War and was added later.
- Gable courtyards No. 25 and 39 in the South Bohemian peasant baroque style
- Tábor hill, popularly known as Burkovák, with the remains of a Celtic sanctuary, Tábor was the end point of the Great Assembly of the Hussites in 1419
Sons and daughters of the church
- Josef Burian (1854–1922), dean and provost on the Vyšehrad, theologian and writer
- Karel Landa (1881–1950), poet and textbook author
- Věroslav Mertl (* 1929), poet, essayist and journalist, winner of the 2001 State Prize for Literature
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/544591/Chrastany
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 0.8 MiB)
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Ninth volume. Budweiser district. Verlag Friedrich Ehrlich, Prague 1841, pp. 55–56, limited preview in the Google book search
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 10 Taborer Kreis, 1842, p. 35
- ↑ http://rodopisna-revue-online.tode.cz/jihogen/chrastany.jpg
- ↑ http://rodopisna-revue-online.tode.cz/jihogen/ch.htm
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/544591/Obec-Chrastany
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/544591/Obec-Chrastany
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/544591/Obec-Chrastany
