Jivno
| Jivno | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | České Budějovice | ||||
| Area : | 629 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 0 ' N , 14 ° 34' E | ||||
| Height: | 554 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 351 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 373 71 | ||||
| License plate : | C. | ||||
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| Street: | Rudolfov - Jivno | ||||
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| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavel Halámka (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Jivno 34 373 71 Jivno |
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| Municipality number: | 535761 | ||||
| Website : | www.jivno.cz | ||||
| Location of Jivno in the České Budějovice district | |||||
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Jivno (German Jiwno , also Giwno , 1939-1945 Gieben ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers northeast of the city center of Budweis in South Bohemia and belongs to the Okres České Budějovice .
geography
Jivno is located on a knoll in the Lischauer Schwelle surrounded by the Čertík and Rudolfovský potok in the east and south and is the highest place in the Okres České Budějovice. The Baba (578 m above sea level) rises to the northwest, the Na novinách or Hlincová hora ( Pfaffenberg , 570.5 m above sea level) in the south .
To the east there is a cascade of mining ponds with the Mrhal , Bendík, Nový rybník, Nosovský rybník, Jarval, Punčocha, Bahnitý rybník, Hluboký rybník and Čekal. To the north is the Lhotky desert, to the southeast the Ortvínovice and Vstuhy desert.
Neighboring towns are Sviní Luka, Na Haldách, Jelmo and Na Klaude in the north, Samoty and Lišov in the Northeast, Konířův Mlyn, Slabce and Hvozdec the east, Zvíkov and Ortvínovice the southeast, Vyhlídky and Hlincová Hora in the south, Kodetka and Rudolfov in the southwest, Vesce and Adamov in the west and Hůry and Libníč in the northwest.
history
A pagan burial ground in the Martinec forest attests to an early settlement of the municipality.
Gybnaw was first mentioned in writing in 1378, when King Charles IV pledged part of the Frauenberg rule with the town of Lišov and surrounding villages to Johann Khun von Liechtenberg . The place name was originally probably Jilonov and is derived from the Sal willow ( jíva ). During the Hussite Wars , Jivno belonged again to the Frauenberg rule, the lords of Lobkowitz were the lien owners . Georg von Podiebrad released the pledged rule again. After his death, Frauenberg was given to various owners, including Wilhelm II von Pernstein from 1490 onwards , as pledges. In the Pernsteiner Urbar, laid out in 1490, eight farmers are listed for Jivno.
During the second heyday of silver mining in Rudolfstadt , the murder pond was created in the valley south of the village in 1555 . In 1562 King Ferdinand I sold the dominions of Frauenberg and Protivín to Joachim von Neuhaus . Three years later, his son Adam inherited the property. After he tried to curtail the old privileges of his subjects, peasant revolts broke out in 1581. Thereupon Emperor Rudolf II reaffirmed the old freedoms. In 1598 Joachim Ulrich von Neuhaus sold the rule to his creditor Bohuslav Malovec from Malovice on Dříteň . In 1611 the Passau war people , a mercenary army of Prince-Bishop Leopold von Passau, invaded the area. It ravaged the property of Peter Wok von Rosenberg , looting and murdering , devastating the Rudolfstadt mines, burning down Zaliny on April 23, 1611 and looting Lišov on June 4 and 9. At the beginning of the Thirty Years' War in 1618 the estate army under Heinrich Matthias von Thurn besieged the Catholic Budweis for two months . While Budweis was on the side of Emperor Matthias , Dietrich Malovec von Malovice supported the rebels. On June 15, 1619, the imperial general Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Comte de Bucquoy conquered Rudolfstadt and left the mountain town to be reduced to rubble for treason. In the battle at Jivno between the rebels and the imperial forces, 70 men were killed. Probably at the same time, Bucquoy also devastated the villages of Jivno and Lhotky as well as the Vstuhy estate, which belonged to the Protestant Sigismund of Sudeta ( Zikmund ze Sudetů ). The burned down villages of Lhotky, Vstuhy and Ortvínovice were never rebuilt; in the place of Lhotky, the Na Klaudě single layer was built later . Because of the participation in the class uprising of 1618, the goods of Dietrich Malovec of Malovice were confiscated after the Battle of White Mountain and the rule was transferred to Baltasar of Marradas in 1623. After the end of the Thirty Years' War, his nephew Francisco von Marradas had the desert village of Jivno repopulated.
According to tradition, the one-layer Jezkine ( Jeskyně ) was built in the 17th century. According to this, a woodcutter is said to have lived in a no longer needed wolf pit as a hermit. In this dwelling cave he gave shelter to the prince during a hunt during a storm, who is said to have assigned him wood from the Černý les to build a chalup.
Bartolomäus von Marradas sold the rule on October 1, 1661 to Johann Adolf I von Schwarzenberg . In 1669, in the course of the division of the Wstuch rulership, which had been confiscated since 1633, a boundary survey with the Wittingau rulership was carried out, as a result of which new milestones were set, which in addition to the year also include the letters W ( Wittingau ), IAGZS ( Johann Adolf Graf von Schwarzenberg ) and NGO with a digit of the Council of Budweis received. In 1771 the city of Budweis had the murder pond restored for 21,424 guilders. In the 19th century, a brick clay deposit was opened north of the village. In 1840 Giwno consisted of 23 houses with 182 inhabitants. A tavern and the Parthenau local court belonged to the place. The pastor was Rudolphstadt. Until the middle of the 19th century, the village was always subject to the Frauenberg rule.
After the abolition of patrimonial Jivno / Giwno formed from 1850 a district of the market town of Hurr in the judicial district of Budweis or in the district of Budweis . In the second half of the 19th century, there were 13 small brickworks in the village that manufactured masonry and roof tiles by hand and sold mainly to Budweis. In 1891 Jivno broke away from Hurr and formed a separate community with Sviní Luka. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1898. In 1910 Jivno / Jiwno had 307 Czech-speaking residents. A steam brick was built between 1910 and 1911. During the German occupation , the village was forcibly incorporated into Hůry on March 24, 1943; this was repealed in 1945. In 1961 it was incorporated into Rudolfov. The village school was closed in 1972. After a referendum, Jivno broke away from Rudolfov on November 24, 1990 and has since formed its own community. The old school house was converted into a municipal office. The steam brick factory was shut down in 1999. The village has developed into a resort. On the north bank of the Mrhal and in the valley of the Čertík, an extensive holiday home settlement was built. Winter sports are also possible because of the altitude.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Jivno. Jivno includes the locality Sviní Luka ( pig meadow ), the settlement Vyhlídky, formerly Jeskyně ( Jezkine ), as well as the layers Na Klaudě ( On the single layer ) and Samoty ( Na Samoje ). Basic settlement units are Jivno and Vyhlídky.
Attractions
- Mrhal Pond ( Murder Pond ), the mining pond created in 1555 is protected as a cultural monument
- Chapel of St. Adalbert on the village square, built in 1876, it is also a cultural monument.
- Memorial stone for the fallen of the First World War
- The high point with the Locus perennis memorial stone on the road to Lišov, popularly the square is called the center of Europe
- Farmsteads in the South Bohemian peasant baroque style
- Ortvínovice farm, built after the fire of 1724 according to plans by the architect Anton Erhard Martinelli
Sons and daughters of the church
- Václav Hlaváč (1870–1942), climatologist, murdered in Auschwitz concentration camp
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/535761/Jivno
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 0.8 MiB)
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Ninth volume. Budweiser district. Verlag Friedrich Ehrlich, Prague 1841, p. 44, limited preview in the Google book search.
- ↑ http://rodopisna-revue-online.tode.cz/jihogen/jivno.jpg
- ↑ http://rodopisna-revue-online.tode.cz/jihogen/j.htm
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/535761/Obec-Jivno
