20th century BC Chr.

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Bronze dagger blade from the princely grave of Leubingen, approx. 1950 BC Chr.

The 20th century BC Chr. Began on 1 January 2000 v. And ended on December 31, 1901 BC. Chr. This corresponds to the period from 3950 to 3851 before today , or the interval from 3632 to 3546 radiocarbon years .

Age / Epoch

Ceramic vessels from the Early Bronze Age, 2000 BC Chr.
  • Subboreal (3710-450 BC).
  • Early Bronze Age in Central Europe (from 2300/2200 BC to 1600 BC) - Bz A2 (2000 to 1600 BC). Real bronze is now being used in weapons and equipment.
  • Onset of the Bronze Age in northern China .
  • Middle Bronze Age (2000 to 1700/1600 BC) in Greece .

Events / developments

Eggshell ceramics from the Longshan culture
The Egyptian border fortress Buhen on the 2nd Nile Cataract

Natural events and disasters

  • February 27, 1953 BC Chr .:
  • 20th century BC Chr .:
    • GRIP data point to a dry, warm phase that began in the previous 21st century BC. Chr. Had used. The δ 18 O values ​​reach an interim maximum of −34.7 ‰. According to Bircher (1986), the warm phase H6h1 prevails in the Alps.

Inventions and discoveries

Sites

  • 20th century BC Chr .:
    • Kolona on Aegina : This important trading center, which was politically modern for its time, is girded by mighty fortifications. The vases from the Cyclades are forwarded here to the Greek mainland. In addition to ceramics, stone mills are also made in the town. These local products are exported to Attica , Boeotia , Argolis and Evia . It is worth mentioning the discovery of a complex blast furnace for metal processing and the identification of the ceramics.
    • Gwisho in Zambia : The resident hunter-gatherers operate grave sticks to expose roots and tubers. You know arrows made of wood, the tips of which are made of reed soaked in poison.
    • Grave 108 of Roonka Flat in Australia : burial of an adult Aboriginal and a child. The clothing consists of pelts pinned together, the edges of which are decorated with bird feathers. Those buried wear jewelry made of bones and collars, and traces of ocher can also be seen. The adult's skull is adorned with a headband, which has two rows of lined up and pierced wallaby teeth.

Buildings

The pyramid of Amenemhet I.
The White Chapel of Sesostris I.

Works of art

Pumpkin bottle from Huaca Prieta decorated with a stylized jaguar design

Personalities

Statue of Mentuhotep II

Note: The years of government cannot be precisely determined in this century. Therefore, these are approximate estimates. The ages of the Mesopotamian rulers follow the Middle Chronology .

Pharaohs of Egypt

Remains of the north chapel on the south pyramid of Sesostris I.

Kings of Assyria

King of Ešnunna

Kings of Isin

Hymn to Iddin-Dagān, King of Isin

King of Larsa

Governor (šakkanakku) of Mari

Archaeological cultures

Cultures in North Africa

  • Egypt :
    • Middle Kingdom (2077 to 1781 BC)
      • 11th dynasty (2160 to 1994 BC, also 2077 to 1938 BC) in Thebes
      • 12th Dynasty (1994 to 1837 BC, also 1938 to 1781 BC)
  • Nubia :

Cultures in Africa

Cultures in Mesopotamia and the Middle East

Ax and ax finds from the Middle East. Finds 2, 4, 5, and 8 come from Syria and date to 2000 BC. Chr.

Cultures in East Asia

Cultures in South Asia

Cultures in Central Asia

Cultures in Europe

Minoan clay works from the period 2000 to 1800 BC Chr.

Cultures in america

Copper spearheads from the Late Archaic Period of Wisconsin, 3000 to 1000 BC Chr.

Individual evidence

  1. Hermann Bengtson : Greek History from the Beginnings to the Roman Empire. CH Beck, 1977, ISBN 3-406-06660-7 , p. 20
  2. Tinner, W. u. a .: Climatic change and contemporaneous land-use phases north and south of the Alps 2300 BC to 800 AD . In: Quaternary Science Reviews . tape 22 , 2003, p. 1447-1460 .
  3. Bircher, W .: Dendrochronology applied in mountain regions . In: Berglund, BE (Ed.): Handbook of Holocene Palaeoecology and Palaeohydrology . Wiley, Chichester 1986, pp. 387-403 .
  4. ^ Carl Waldman and Catherine Mason: Encyclopedia of European peoples, Volume 1. Infobase Publishing, 2006, ISBN 0-8160-4964-5 , p. 523

Web links

Commons : 20th century BC Chr.  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files