Kobern-Gondorf

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the local community Kobern-Gondorf
Kobern-Gondorf
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Kobern-Gondorf highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 19 ′  N , 7 ° 27 ′  E

Basic data
State : Rhineland-Palatinate
County : Mayen-Koblenz
Association municipality : Rhine-Moselle
Height : 82 m above sea level NHN
Area : 28.36 km 2
Residents: 3137 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 111 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 56330
Area code : 02607
License plate : MYK, MY
Community key : 07 1 37 212
Community structure: 3 districts
Association administration address: Bahnhofstrasse 44
56330 Kobern-Gondorf
Website : www.koberngondorf.de
Local Mayor : Michael Dötsch
Location of the local community Kobern-Gondorf in the Mayen-Koblenz district
map

Kobern-Gondorf is a local community and a wine village on the Lower Moselle in the Rhineland-Palatinate district of Mayen-Koblenz and has been the administrative seat of the Untermosel community since 1976 and the Rhine-Mosel community since 2014 . Kobern-Gondorf is designated as a basic center according to state planning . The place was written at least officially until 1928 Cobern-Gondorf .

The lords of Coverstein (also called Coberstein, Copenstein, Copperstein) had the eagle in two forms in their coat of arms: once as a simple eagle, another time as an eagle soaring on a helmet. This coat of arms indicates their descent from the Lords of Covers on the Moselle. The town of Kobern (Roman Coverna ), located near the mouth of the Moselle, was the residence of the Coverners, who owned two castles there, the Upper and Lower Castle. With Reimbold von Cobern, the male line of the Coverners died out around 1100. The daughter and heiress married Gerlach IV. Von Isenburg , who founded the Isenburg-Cobern line, which has made a name for itself by building the famous Matthias Chapel next to the Koberner Oberburg. With Robin von Isenburg-Cobern the male branch of this line became extinct. In the 14th century Kobern was bought by Kurtrier .

In addition to a total of four castles, a considerable amount of medieval building material has been preserved in the districts of Kobern and Gondorf . In the course of the streets in the Kobern district, the medieval street layout can still be seen today. Kobern was probably attached. Remains of crumbled gates were still visible at the beginning of the 19th century. Johann August Klein writes about the appearance of the district of Kobern in his book Das Moseltal between Koblenz and Zell , Koblenz 1831, page 74 ff: “Opposite two valleys cut into the high, rugged mountains [...] Between the two is the charming town of Cobern long since the shore. Remnants of crumbled gates show that it was solid [...] Regular streets lead to a place where the town hall is located. "

Due to excavations beginning in the middle of the 19th century, Kobern-Gondorf is of outstanding importance for late Roman and early medieval historical research, especially the district of Gondorf: “[...] Gondorf owes its fame above all to the grave field of the late Roman and Merovingian times, which is differs from all previously explored burial grounds on the Middle Rhine and Moselle by its size and wealth [...] ”. The scientific processing of the finds suggests a late Roman population, some of whom were very wealthy in the 6th century. It supports the Moselle travel description de navigo suo by Venantius Fortunatus , who only mentions Contrua as an important place ("antiquum nobilitate caput") on the Moselle between Trier and Andernach (his travel destination) . Gondorf coins from the 7th century with the inscription contrua castro by the Franconian mint masters Augemundus and Geroaldus are an indication of the importance of the early Gondorf

geography

Geographical location

The districts of Kobern and Gondorf are located on the left bank of the Moselle about 17 kilometers from Koblenz and about 33 kilometers from Cochem . Neighboring communities are Lehmen upstream and Winningen downstream . Niederfell and Dieblich are on the other side of the Moselle .

Kobern and Gondorf are located on the steep slope of the Dieblicher Moselle arch on the alluvial surface of several brooks that flow out of the Maifeld and on the slope rising to the Maifeld. Due to its low altitude, the historic center of the Kobern district is particularly affected by floods.

Expansion of the municipal area

In addition to the three larger districts of Kobern, Gondorf and Dreckenach, the municipality also has over 25 hamlets , residential areas and farms , mostly located on the Moselle heights .

The districts of Kobern and Gondorf extend over a length of about 3 kilometers along the banks of the Moselle. The Dreckenach district is located off the Moselle on the Maifeld am Nothbach .

climate

Like other communities in the Lower Moselle, Kobern-Gondorf is climatically favored in one of the warmest regions in Germany.

Early Christian tombstone of the nine and a half year old child Dessideratus from Kobern-Gondorf (around 5th century AD), today in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn

history

From prehistoric times there are burial mounds fields and the Goloring , probably a place of worship , in the area of ​​the municipality of Kobern-Gondorf . The districts of Kobern and Gondorf were, as numerous finds show, settled by Christians in the late Latène period and from the middle of the 4th century AD.

Kobern with Niederburg and Oberburg
Gondorf with the late medieval bailey (left in the background) and the Renaissance building of Leyen Castle; on the far right the tower of Liebieg Castle

District Kobern

In a deed of donation from Archbishop Egbert von Trier in favor of the Benedictine monastery of St. Marien, Kobern was first mentioned as coverna in 980 . However, there are indications that suggest that the place existed earlier. Thus, in a biography of St. Bishop Maximin, who of course bears legendary traits, mentions the place cubrunum in connection with St. Lubentius , the Kobern parish patron .

District of Gondorf

Gondorf is mentioned for the first time as condrovia in the year 871. Earlier references are a travel report from the year 588 with a place name contrua , and Merovingian coins with the inscription contrua castro from the 7th century. In the deed of donation from 980 mentioned above, the spelling gontreve is used.

The river castle Schloss von der Leyen dates from the 14th to 17th centuries and was the ancestral seat of the Prince von der Leyen . Werner von Leyen was mentioned in a document in 1272 as a Gondorf overlord. The place was then called Guntreve . A Trier ministerial family de Gunthreve is mentioned in the 13th century as the builder of the Niederburg (today Liebieg Castle).

Gondorf is listed in the Trier fire book of 1563 (edited by von Brommer, p. 164) with 20 fireplaces in the Münstermaifeld office .

Dreckenach district

The district was Dreckenach 1030 as drachenacha first mentioned in documents.

Kobern around 1900

Territorial changes

Today's municipality of Kobern-Gondorf consists of three previously independent municipalities:

  • On June 7, 1969, the two communities Kobern (2,108 inhabitants) and Gondorf (577 inhabitants) were dissolved and the local community Kobern-Gondorf was newly formed.
  • On November 7, 1970, the municipality of Dreckenach (230 inhabitants) was incorporated.

Population development

The development of the population of Kobern-Gondorf in relation to today's municipality, the values ​​from 1871 to 1987 are based on censuses:

year Residents
1815 1,492
1835 2.002
1871 2,249
1905 2,321
1939 2,482
1950 3,046
1961 2,771
year Residents
1970 3,019
1987 2,961
1997 3.191
2005 3,317
2011 3,240
2017 3,090
Population development of Kobern-Gondorf from 1815 to 2017 according to the adjacent table

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council in Kobern-Gondorf consists of 20 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary local mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the municipal council:

choice SPD CDU WV FWG total
2019 3 6th 8th 3 20 seats
2014 3 7th 8th 2 20 seats
2009 1 8th 8th 3 20 seats
2004 1 10 6th 3 20 seats
  • WV = voter association "For Kobern-Gondorf-Dreckenach"
  • FWG = Free Voting Group Kobern-Gondorf-Dreckenach e. V.

mayor

Michael Dötsch (Voters' Association for Kobern-Gondorf-Dreckenach ) became mayor of Kobern-Gondorf in 2009. In the direct election on May 26, 2019, he was confirmed in his office for a further five years with a share of the vote of 72.53%.

Parish partnership

A partnership with the French town of Corbigny in Burgundy has existed since 1979 . There are also partnerships with the Belgian municipality of Arendonk .

Culture and sights

District Kobern

Romanesque bell tower (12th century)
  • The upper castle from the 12th century lies on a mountain spur above the village . The Matthias Chapel , which was built between 1220 and 1240, belongs to the castle as the most important building in the municipality of Kobern-Gondorf . The head of the apostle Matthias is said to have been kept here as an important relic after the fifth (sixth) crusade.
  • Below the Upper Castle, but on the same mountain spur, is the Lower Castle, also from the 12th century .
  • At the lower end of the mountain spur there is a single tower. It already served as a bell tower in the first Kobern parish church, which also dates back to the 12th century and was located near today's cemetery. The tower still fulfills this function for the new parish church.
  • The Koberner parish church St. Lubentius was built in the years 1827/28 as a hall church according to plans by Johann Claudius von Lassaulx . The church itself has no tower, just a roof turret. The three bells are located in the bell tower on the mountain slope. Inside the church there are two side altar paintings "St. Lubentius preaching to the heathen" and "Coronation Mariae" from 1835 by Joseph Anton Nikolaus Settegast from the Nazarenes group of artists .
  • The Gothic Epiphany Chapel in the Kobern cemetery dates from around 1420 to 1440. Inside, wall paintings from the 15th and 16th centuries have been preserved.
  • In the center of the village, near the market square, there is a Gothic half-timbered house on Kirchstrasse . It is a courtyard of the Sankt Marien monastery. From investigations of the wood used for the construction it can be concluded that this house was built in the years 1320/21. This makes it one of the oldest preserved half-timbered houses in Rhineland-Palatinate.
  • At the other end of the market square in Peterstrasse is the so-called knight's hall . This is part of a Gothic castle house belonging to the Romilian family. Remnants of the tower belonging to the facility are in the immediate vicinity.

District of Gondorf

Vorburg of the upper castle in Gondorf
  • Just outside the village center, of the Leyen-square-Of-located nearby, there is the Catholic parish church built in the 1870s, neo-gothic St. John Apostles, the holy Apostle John is consecrated. Built when the previous building, "an unsightly building built in 1731", had to be demolished due to the construction of the Moselle railway . In front of that there was a Gothic church from medieval times that was probably in disrepair.
  • Directly on the banks of the Moselle is the ancestral seat of the princely von der Leyen family , the Oberburg , also known as Gondorf Castle, with Gothic and Renaissance components. The predecessor of this castle was the above-mentioned contrua castro in late Roman times . Today the building houses the wine museum and the local history museum of the Gondorf Culture and Local History Association.
  • The Niederburg (not to be confused with the castle of the same name in the district of Kobern) on the north-eastern edge of the town emerged from a Romanesque residential tower from the 13th century, which the Cologne architect Vincenz Statz rebuilt in the 19th century . It is named Schloss Liebieg after a former owner.

Dreckenach district

  • The St. Hubertus Church, built in 1840, stands on a rocky hill above the Nothbach Valley .

Economy and Infrastructure

Viticulture and Tourism

Both Kobern and Gondorf are wine towns with several wineries. The wine is mainly grown on steep slopes . The community belongs to the "Burg Cochem wine-growing area " in the Moselle growing region . Six wine-growing businesses are active, the area under vines is 36 hectares. About 90% of the wine grown are white grape varieties (as of 2007).

The community lives mainly from tourism. Accommodation is available in hotels and guest houses as well as in holiday apartments. There are plenty of places to stop for a break.

The Dreckenach district is predominantly agricultural.

Vineyards (seen downstream from the Moselle)

  • Gondorfer Fuchshöhle, above the Gondorfer Kehrberg
  • Gondorf goose
  • Gondorfer Schlossberg
  • Koberner Schlossberg
  • Koberner Weissenberg
  • Koberner Fahrberg
  • Koberner Uhlen

traffic

Road traffic

The B 416 runs past the village along the Moselle . This connects Koblenz - Treis-Karden with Cochem (B 49) . There is a connection to the A 48 via a country road leading in the direction of Münstermaifeld , exit Ochtendung .

Rail transport

Kobern-Gondorf train station is on the Moselle route on the border between the Kobern and Gondorf districts. The train station is served by the following railway lines:

line designation Train run Clock frequency
IC 37 Düsseldorf - Cologne - Bonn - Remagen - Andernach - Koblenz - Kobern-Gondorf - Cochem - Bullay (DB) - Wittlich - Trier - Wasserbillig - Luxembourg a pair of trains a day, local transport on the Moselle
RE 1 Southwest Express Koblenz - Kobern-Gondorf - Cochem - Bullay (DB) - Wittlich - Trier - Saarbrücken - Homburg - Kaiserslautern - Ludwigshafen Mitte - Mannheim 60 min (Koblenz - Kaiserslautern)

120 min (Kaiserslautern - Mannheim)

RE 11 DeLux-Express Koblenz - Kobern-Gondorf - Cochem - Bullay - Wittlich - Trier - Wasserbillig - Wecker - Munsbach - Sandweiler-Contern - Luxembourg 60 min
RB 81 Moselle Valley Railway Koblenz - Kobern-Gondorf - Treis-Karden - Cochem - Ediger-Eller - Bullay - Wittlich - Schweich - Trier 60 min (in the high-rise amplification trains Koblenz - Cochem)

RE 1 and RE 11 run between Koblenz and Trier in double traction and are winged in Trier .

Bus transport

There is also a bus line operated by the Rhein-Mosel Verkehrsgesellschaft to and from Koblenz.

Shipping

The ferry connection to Niederfell was discontinued in 1976, and the ferry “Gondorf” was initially sold to Winningen. Today it is in use on the Moselle ferry Koblenz-Lay . Since 1977 there has been a fixed connection to Niederfell with the Moselle gold bridge . In the summer half of the year, the excursion boats from Gebr. Kolb and the Cologne-Düsseldorfer dock in Kobern.

Facilities

  • Kobern-Gondorf is the seat of the Rhein-Mosel municipal administration.

education

  • The elementary school is located in the district of Kobern and is attended by children from Kobern, Gondorf, Dreckenach and Wolken . The school is sponsored by the Verbandsgemeinde and has been a focus school for the Verbandsgemeinde Untermosel and Rhein-Mosel since 2005.
  • The Realschule plus for the Lower Moselle area is also located in the Kobern district . Around 700 students are currently attending the school.
  • There is a day care center run by the local community in the Kobern district.

Others

Mining

In 1828 the first iron ore mine was opened in the Kobern district. Others followed. Construction of the Norbertus tunnel began in October 1871. The tunnel entrance is located on Lennigstrasse not far from the primary school and can be viewed from the outside. The Norbertus mine was probably closed for good in the 19th century.

Mineral water

In the area of ​​the municipality of Kobern-Gondorf there are numerous so-called sourlings, also known as Sauerbrunnen. But only the mineral springs in the Belltal, between Kobern and Winningen, were used commercially from around 1870. The production was only stopped in 1975. The shipping and bottling plant buildings from 1912 are in ruins.

Photovoltaic system

Above the district of Gondorf, the then RWE Energie AG set up an open-air photovoltaic system from 1988 onwards for test and demonstration purposes . At that time, the plant was the largest of its kind in Europe . To this day it is used as a test field for various types of solar cells and modules, tracking systems and inverters.

photos

  • Abbey courtyard Sankt Marien (built 1320/21)

  • Kobern market square with the historic Weinbrunnen (Tatzelwurmbrunnen)

  • Gothic Epiphany Chapel on the Kobern cemetery with basalt crosses

  • Matthias Chapel on the upper castle

  • Photovoltaic system

  • Decaying buildings of the bottling plants of the "Bellthal-Moselsprudels" 2010

  • The federal highway 416 runs through the Oberburg Gondorf

literature

  • Local community Kobern-Gondorf (Ed.): Kobern-Gondorf. 1980.
  • The Middle Rhine Basin (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 65). 1st edition. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2003, ISBN 978-3-412-10102-2 .
  • Joachim Krieger: Terrace culture on the Lower Moselle ; Edition Krieger, 2003; ISBN 3-933104-08-4 .
  • Hildegard Sayn: From the noble Coberstein estate and its residents. In: Heimat-Jahrbuch des Kreis Altenkirchen (Westerwald) 1986.
  • Otto von Czarnowsky: The Moselle and its immediate surroundings from Metz to Coblenz. P. 243.
  • Landschaftsverband Rheinland: Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages. Bonn 1991, ISBN 3-7927-1186-9 .

Sons and daughters of the church

Web links

Commons : Kobern-Gondorf  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ a b c State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate: Regional data
  3. ^ Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft Trier: Directory of the change of station names
  4. ↑ Schulze-Dörrlamm, Mechthild: The late Roman and early medieval grave fields of Gondorf, Gem. Kobern-Gondorf. Verlag Steiner, Stuttgart 1990, p. 17 ff.
  5. ↑ Monumenta Germaniae Historica . AA IV, Carmen X, 9, pp. 242-244.
  6. ^ Exhibition catalog Early Christians in the Rhineland. P. 73 ff., Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn 1991.
  7. ↑ marble. Found privately in 1882/83, near Kobern train station. Translation of the Latin inscription: After the bitter death of the little one, the parents are met by a sudden fate. Eternal hope, however, gives comfort in mourning; eternal youth is promised to us by paradise. Six months only added to the nine years. Safe in the grave, Dessideratus, you lie here.
  8. ↑ LV Rheinland: Spätantike und ... , p. 73 ff.
  9. ^ MGH AA IV, Carmen X, 9, Stuttgart 1990, p. 17 ff.
  10. ↑ Early Christians in the Rhineland. Bonn 1991, p. 73 ff.
  11. ↑ Udo Liessem: Comments on the construction and art history of the fortifications of Kobern-Gondorf. Kobern 1980, p. 152 ff.
  12. ^ O. Graf von Looz-Corswarem u. F. Theunert, home record of the Mayen district. Mayen 1954, p. 42 (note 4).
  13. ↑ Official municipality directory 2006 ( Memento from December 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) (= State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 393 ). Bad Ems March 2006, p. 182 (PDF; 2.6 MB). Info: An up-to-date directory ( 2016 ) is available, but in the section "Territorial changes - Territorial administrative reform" it does not give any population figures.  
  14. ^ Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections
  15. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: direct elections 2019. see Rhein-Mosel, Verbandsgemeinde, seventh line of results. Retrieved January 11, 2020 .
  16. ^ Landesmuseum Mainz (ed.): Travel routes to the Nazarenes in Rhineland-Palatinate. Regensburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-7954-2649-1 , pp. 56-57.
  17. ↑ Elisabeth Haas-Reck: The Three Kings Chapel in the Koberner "Kirchhof" . In: Volkshochschule Untermosel (Hrsg.): Moselkiesel . tape 3 . Kobern-Gondorf 2002, ISBN 3-9806059-1-4 , p. 156 ff .
  18. ↑ O. v. Czarnowsky: The Moselle and its immediate surroundings from Metz to Coblenz. P. 243.
  19. ↑ Early Christians in the Rhineland. Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn, Bonn 1991, p. 73 ff.
  20. ↑ Krieger, Joachim: Terrace culture on the Lower Moselle. Joachim Krieger Verlag, Neuwied 2003.
  21. ↑ C. Moritz: Bell Thal Mosel bubble. in: Ortsgemeinde Kobern-Gondorf (Ed.): Kobern-Gondorf. From the past to the present. Kobern-Gondorf 1980, p. 223 ff.