Jacksonville (Florida)
| Jacksonville | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nickname : Jax, J-ville | |||
 Jacksonville skyline |
|||
 seal |
 flag |
||
| County and state location | |||
 |
|||
| Basic data | |||
| Foundation : | 1822 | ||
| State : | United States | ||
| State : | Florida | ||
| County : | Duval County | ||
| Coordinates : | 30 ° 19 ′ N , 81 ° 40 ′ W | ||
| Time zone : | Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 ) | ||
|
Inhabitants : - Metropolitan Area : |
880,619 (as of 2016) 1,478,212 (as of 2016) |
||
| Population density : | 448.7 inhabitants per km 2 | ||
| Area : | 2,264.5 km 2 (approx. 874 mi 2 ) of which 1,962.4 km 2 (approx. 758 mi 2 ) are land |
||
| Height : | 5 m | ||
| Postcodes : | 32099, 32201-32212, 32214-32241, 32244-32247, 32250, 32254-32260, 32266, 32267, 32277, 32290 | ||
| Area code : | +1 904 | ||
| FIPS : | 12-35000 | ||
| GNIS ID : | 0295003 | ||
| Website : | www.coj.net | ||
| Mayor : |
Lenny Curry ( R ) (since 2015) |
||
|
|||
Jacksonville is a city and also the county seat of Duval County in the US state of Florida with around 880,000 inhabitants (as of 2016). In 1968 the city was merged with the county government of Duval County ( consolidated city-county ). Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida and at 2264.5 km² the largest city in the continental USA . The city is part of the Jacksonville metropolitan area with a population of over 1.5 million. It is located at the confluence of the St. Johns River with the Intracoastal Waterway and the Atlantic Ocean in northeast Florida.
Jacksonville is predominantly industrial. This is particularly thanks to the industrial port, which is one of the most important shipping ports for automobiles in the USA. The port also serves as the base of the US Navy, which has proven to be a disadvantage for the automotive industry. Military shipping has priority in the port, which is the main reason why Daimler , for example, has been negotiating the import of its vehicles for the south-east region in nearby Brunswick (Georgia) since 2009 .
Jacksonville is named after the former US President Andrew Jackson . Since 1857 the city has been the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Saint Augustine .
geography
Jacksonville is located in the far northeast of Florida and covers most of the area of Duval County. The city limits are identical to the boundaries of the county in the north, west and south, in the east the Atlantic Ocean forms the natural city limits, with the exception of the southern area, where the cities of Atlantic Beach , Jacksonville Beach and Neptune Beach line up . Jacksonville borders St. Johns County to the south . Baldwin in the west of the county is an enclave and is completely enclosed by Jacksonville.
Jacksonville is geographically divided by the St. Johns River , which meanders from the south to the center of Jacksonville and then further east to its confluence with the Atlantic Ocean. It largely determines the administrative structure of the city. Old City is in the center, mostly west of the river, while to the east of it is Arlington . The borough of Southside is south of the river and includes all areas outside of Arlington, unless they fall within the borough of Beaches . West of the river is the Westside . The rest of the city is part of the Northside and includes all areas north of the river or northwest of the Old City.
Orlando is 130 miles, Tallahassee 150 miles, Tampa 300 miles and Miami 540 miles from Jacksonville.
climate
|
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Jacksonville, Florida
Source:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
history
The area of Jacksonville was settled 6000 years ago by the Timucua , whose largest settlement was in the area Ossachite , which was in what is now the city of Jacksonville.
After the beginning of the European settlement of the American continent, the area first belonged to the Kingdom of France (1562–1565), then to the Spanish colonial empire (1565–1763). The area was later part of the Kingdom of Great Britain (1763–1783). As the first permanent settlement in modern times north of Mexico as "Cow Ford" was founded in 1791, the area was again Spanish (1783-1821). After Florida became US territory in 1821, the city took its current name after the then governor and later President Andrew Jackson .
Jacksonville was a Civil War site and a Confederate City from 1861 to 1862 ; although no battle took place here, it was damaged. After that, the area became a popular winter retreat for the rich and famous. The city was hit by yellow fever epidemics in 1886 and 1888 .
On May 3, 1901, Jacksonville was badly damaged by a fire that broke out in a mattress factory. At lunchtime, a glowing spark ignited the filler material. Believing that the source of the fire could be extinguished quickly with a few buckets of water, no fire alarm was initially triggered. The flames spread faster than expected and spread. Over the next eight hours, 2,368 houses were destroyed and 10,000 people were left homeless. The disaster is one of the worst in Florida's history.
During the Second World War, a US Navy training station was set up in Jacksonville , which was later relocated to Pensacola . Further in Jacksonville there is still a large base of the Navy (Naval Air Station Jacksonville).
In 1967 all dependent localities in Duval County were incorporated. In 1968 the Jacksonville county government was also merged into a Consolidated city-county .
Jacksonville has also been the site of racial segregation and violence. On August 27, 1960, members of the Ku Klux Klan took action against protesting blacks. The situation has eased significantly recently. In 1995, Nat Glover was elected Duval County's first African American sheriff.
population
| Population development | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Residents | ± in% | |
| 1850 | 1045 | - | |
| 1860 | 2118 | 102.7% | |
| 1870 | 6912 | 226.3% | |
| 1880 | 7650 | 10.7% | |
| 1890 | 17,201 | 124.8% | |
| 1900 | 28,429 | 65.3% | |
| 1910 | 57,699 | 103% | |
| 1920 | 91,558 | 58.7% | |
| 1930 | 129,549 | 41.5% | |
| 1940 | 173.065 | 33.6% | |
| 1950 | 204.275 | 18% | |
| 1960 | 201.030 | -1.6% | |
| 1970 | 528.865 | 163.1% | |
| 1980 | 540.920 | 2.3% | |
| 1990 | 635.230 | 17.4% | |
| 2000 | 735.503 | 15.8% | |
| 2010 | 821.784 | 11.7% | |
| 2017 estimate | 892.062 | 8.6% | |
| Source: 2010 | |||
Demographic data
According to the 2010 census, the then 821,784 inhabitants were distributed over 366,273 households. That is an average of 2.24 people per household. The population density was 418.8 inh / km². 59.4% of the population identified themselves as white , 30.7% as African American , 7.7% as Hispanics or Latinos, and 4.3% as Asian Americans . 2.9% said they belonged to several ethnic groups and 2.3% to another ethnic group.
In 2010, children under the age of 18 lived in 33.4% of all households and people aged 65 or over lived in 21.0% of all households. 64.3% of households were family households (consisting of married couples with or without offspring or a parent with offspring). The average household size was 2.48 people and the average family size was 3.05 people.
26.8% of the population were younger than 20 years, 28.2% were 20 to 39 years old, 27.7% were 40 to 59 years old, and 16.1% were at least 60 years old. The mean age was 36 years. 48.5% of the population were male and 51.5% were female.
The median annual income was $ 49,192, with 15.2% of the population living below the poverty line.
In 2000, English was the first language of 90.61% of the population, 4.14% spoke Spanish and 5.25% had another mother tongue.
Religions
In Jacksonville there are currently 558 churches from 32 different denominations, of which the Baptist congregation is most strongly represented with 214 churches. There are also 44 churches that do not belong to any denomination (as of 2004).
Attractions
Sports
Jacksonville has been home to its first professional sports team, the Jacksonville Jaguars, since the National Football League's 1994 expansion . Her home stadium, EverBank Field (formerly Jacksonville Municipal Stadium and Alltel Stadium), hosted the Super Bowl XXXIX as the end of the 2004/05 NFL season on February 6, 2005. Two cruise ships anchored especially for this event to provide additional overnight accommodation in the St. Johns River. The Jacksonville Sharks arena football team , which plays in the Arena Football League , is also based in Jacksonville . In addition, the NCAA College Football League's Gator Bowl is held in Jacksonville each year.
There are some excellent golf courses around Jacksonville, including B. the Tournament Players Club in Sawgrass, the annual venue for the PLAYERS Championships. Held every May as part of the PGA Tour , this tournament is the highest-value event on the tour with a $ 8 million prize money.
High-class tennis is also played in the city every year when the WTA tour stops here for the Bausch & Lomb Championships.
Furthermore, some semi-professional teams are represented in Jacksonville: The now defunct Jacksonville Barracudas from the SPHL in ice hockey , the Suns as a minor league team of the Los Angeles Dodgers in baseball and the Jacksonville Northsiders FC in football .
Colleges
Jacksonville is home to Jacksonville University and the University of North Florida , among others .
traffic
Air traffic
Jacksonville has a total of four airports operated by the Jacksonville Aviation Authority. The main airport is Jacksonville International Airport , which is served by every major American airline. There are also Craig Municipal Airport , Cecil Field Airport and Herlong Airport , which are used by smaller aircraft, mostly business or sport aircraft.
Road traffic
The following streets run through Jacksonville:
- The Interstates 10 (east-west), 95 (north-south) and 295 ( ring )
- the US Highways 1 , 17 , 23 , 90 and 301 as well
- the Florida State Roads A1A , 5 , 9B , 10 , 13 , 15 , 21 , 23 , 101 , 105 , 109 , 115 , 116 , 134 , 152 , 200 , 202 and 228 .
Rail transport
The Jacksonville station is the main station of the city with daily trains to Miami and New York City . A monorail system called a skyway operates in downtown Jacksonville .
Shipping
The Jacksonville Port Authority (JAXPORT) is the port authority to which the seaport facilities on the St. Johns River are subordinate. The United States Marine Corps has a base on Blount Island .
Clinics
|
|
crime
The crime rate in 2010 was 433 points (US average: 266 points) in the average range. There were 80 murders, 316 rapes, 1,693 robberies, 3,380 personal injuries, 9,588 break-ins, 25,863 thefts, 1,973 car thefts and 99 arson.
On November 23, 2012, Michael David Dunn shot and killed the unarmed 17-year-old student Jordan Davis, to whom he had previously complained about loud music; Dunn was sentenced to life imprisonment for the crime.
Town twinning
Jacksonville names the twin cities:
|
|
-
We have had friendly relations with the Chinese cities of Shaoxing and Suzhou (Jiangsu) since 2004 and with Ningbo since 2007.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Lawrence Benjamin Brown (1893–1973), pianist and arranger
- Merian C. Cooper (1893–1973), pilot, adventurer, actor, director, screenwriter and producer
- John Archibald Wheeler (1911–2008), theoretical physicist
- Bayliss Levrett (1913–2002), racing car driver
- Frankie Manning (1914–2009), dancer, dance teacher and choreographer
- Jackie Davis (1920–1999), soul jazz organist
- Alan Stephenson Boyd (born 1922), Secretary of Transport
- Wanda Hendrix (1928–1981), actress
- HF Lenfest (1930–2018), media entrepreneur and philanthropist
- Jack Sheldon (1931–2019), actor, singer and jazz trumpeter
- Jake Godbold (1933-2020), politician
- Pat Boone (born 1934), singer
- Bill Gunter (* 1934), politician, for Florida in the US House of Representatives
- Harry Angier Hoffner, Jr. (1934-2015), ancient orientalist
- Johnny Tillotson (born 1938), country and pop singer
- Scott McKenzie (1939–2012), singer
- Bob Hayes (1942–2002), sprinter and football player
- Charles Tolliver (* 1942), jazz musician
- Paula Kelly (1942–2020), model and actress
- Jackie Moore (1946–2019), soul and disco singer
- Ottis Toole (1947–1996), serial killer and cannibal
- Butch Trucks (1947-2017), drummer in the Allman Brothers Band
- Patrika Darbo (born 1948), actress
- Ronnie Van Zant (1948–1977), musician
- Harold Carmichael (born 1949), American football player
- Elizabeth Edwards (1949-2010), lawyer and author
- Larry Junstrom (1949-2019), southern rock bassist
- Mark S. Wrighton (born 1949), chemist
- Longineu Parsons (* 1950), jazz musician
- Danny Joe Brown (1951-2005), singer
- Gary Rossington (born 1951), musician
- Allen Collins (1952–1990), musician
- Donnie Van Zant (* 1952), singer, guitarist, composer
- Tom Lyle (1953-2019), comic book artist and writer
- Val Demings (* 1957), politician
- Hal Hoye (born 1957), bobsledder
- Wesley C. Skiles (1958-2010), cave diver and underwater photographer
- Chandra Cheeseborough (* 1959), track and field athlete and Olympic champion
- Wendy Barrien Lawrence (* 1959), astronaut
- Johnny Van Zant (born 1959), musician
- Thom Tillis (* 1960), politician
- Ray Mercer (born 1961), boxer
- Marcus Roberts (* 1963), jazz pianist
- Vic Chesnutt (1964–2009), singer and songwriter
- Dexter Jackson (born 1969), professional bodybuilder
- Brad Mehldau (* 1970), jazz pianist
- Scooter Ward (born 1970), musician
- David Duval (* 1971), professional golfer
- Nate Campbell (born 1972), boxer
- Mase (born 1977), rapper
- John Otto (* 1977), drummer in the band Limp Bizkit
- Sam Rivers (* 1977), bassist in the band Limp Bizkit
- Ron DeSantis (* 1978), politician
- Derek Trucks (* 1979), guitarist and band leader
- Yoanna House (born 1980), model
- Rashean Mathis (born 1980), American football player
- Ulysses Owens (* 1982), jazz musician and university professor
- John Murphy (* 1984), racing cyclist
- Steven Lenhart (* 1986), football player
- Ashley Greene (b.1987), actress
- Jessica Jerome (* 1987), ski jumper
- Kelly Kelly (born 1987), wrestler
- Jamison Ross (* 1987), jazz musician
- Callie Hernandez (born 1988), actress
- Sean Winter (born 1990 or 1991), poker player
- Hayden Hurst (born 1993), American football player
- Grayson Allen (born 1995), basketball player
- RJ Cyler (born 1995), actor
- Sterling Hofrichter (* 1996), American football player
Personalities related to the city
- Blind Blake (1896-1934), blues singer and guitarist
- Fred Durst (* 1970), singer and front man of the band Limp Bizkit
Web links
- The City website (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ National Weather Service, US Dept of Commerce
- ↑ wetterkontor.de
- ↑ Census 2010 News | US Census Bureau Delivers Florida's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting . census.gov. March 17, 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2018.
- ↑ Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2017 . Retrieved December 20, 2018.
- ^ Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 . United States Census Bureau . Retrieved May 13, 2013.
- ↑ Language distribution 2000 . Modern Language Association . Retrieved May 13, 2013.
- ↑ city-data.com
- ↑ Michael Dunn sentenced to life without parole for killing of Florida teenager. www.theguardian.com, October 17, 2014, accessed December 4, 2017 .
- ^ Jacksonville Sister Cities Association website , accessed May 30, 2017
- ↑ Scooter Ward , nndb.com
