Neunkirchen am Brand

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the market Neunkirchen a. fire
Neunkirchen am Brand
Map of Germany, position of the market Neunkirchen a. Brand highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 37 '  N , 11 ° 8'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Franconia
County : Forchheim
Height : 317 m above sea level NHN
Area : 26.4 km 2
Residents: 8121 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 308 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 91077
Area code : 09134
License plate : FO, EBS , PEG
Community key : 09 4 74 154
Market structure: 11 districts

Market administration address : 		Klosterhof 2–4
91077 Neunkirchen a. fire
Website : www.neunkirchen-am-brand.de
Mayor : Martin Walz ( CSU )
Location of the market in Neunkirchen a. Fire in the Forchheim district
Landkreis Nürnberger Land Erlangen Landkreis Bamberg Landkreis Erlangen-Höchstadt Landkreis Bayreuth Bamberg Landkreis Bamberg Wiesenttal Igensdorf Hiltpoltstein Gräfenberg Hallerndorf Forchheim Hausen (bei Forchheim) Heroldsbach Eggolsheim Weißenohe Wiesenthau Weilersbach (Oberfranken) Unterleinleiter Pretzfeld Poxdorf (Oberfranken) Pinzberg Obertrubach Neunkirchen am Brand Leutenbach (Oberfranken) Langensendelbach Kunreuth Kleinsendelbach Kirchehrenbach Hetzles Gößweinstein Effeltrich Ebermannstadt Dormitz Igensdorf Egloffsteinmap
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / market

Neunkirchen am Brand (officially Neunkirchen a.Brand ) is a market in the Upper Franconian district of Forchheim .

geography

Geographical location

Neunkirchen am Brand is located in the southwest of Franconian Switzerland , about twelve kilometers east of Erlangen at the foot of the 549 meter high Hetzleser Mountain and on the edge of the Nuremberg- Erlangen agglomeration. The landscape is characterized by the ridge of Hetzleser Berg , Birklesberg and Lindelberg , which are part of the Franconian Alb .

Coming from Hetzles and joining in Baad with the Haarbach, the Brandbach flows through the historic town center and flows south of Dormitz into the Schwabach . Also included in this lead in the northeastern Rödlaserbach, which ranges from Ermreuth previously united with the Saarbach and Bleilesbach and the east springing from Neunkirchen am Brand Brann Bach and the beginning in the east of the Big Book Sendelbach. The Ebersbach flows south from the district of the same name and flows into the Brandbach north of Dormitz. The Weiherbach, which rises north of Rosenbach, flows through the district and also flows south of Weiher into the Schwabach.

Neighboring communities

Center of Neunkirchen with half-timbered houses and the old office building at St. Michaelskirche (right outside the picture)
Langensendelbach
Langensendelbach 		Hetzles
Hetzles 		Graefenberg
Graefenberg
Marloffstein
Marloffstein 		Neighboring communities Igensdorf
Igensdorf
Uttenreuth
Uttenreuth 		Dormitz
Dormitz 		Kleinsendelbach
Kleinsendelbach

Community structure

The market in Neunkirchen am Brand has 11 districts (population with / without secondary residences in brackets, as of December 31, 2019):

Entire market town (8497/8157)

In the area of ​​the market town there were also the abandoned farms Bürgles, Slierbach, Sigeln, Tuteleshof and Wieseckelhof.

climate

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Neunkirchen am Brand
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 1.6 3.2 8.5 14.8 18.4 21.7 27.1 23.3 18.3 12.3 7.2 2.9 O 13.3
Min. Temperature (° C) −2.9 −2.5 0.8 5.0 8.3 11.6 13.6 12.9 9.5 5.2 2.1 −1.3 O 5.2
Temperature (° C) −0.6 0.2 4.4 9.7 13.2 16.5 18.7 17.8 13.5 8.6 4.5 0.8 O 9
Precipitation ( mm ) 85 54 51 42 89 73 90 91 73 72 82 92 Σ 894
Rainy days ( d ) 19th 16 13 11 17th 14th 14th 15th 11 14th 16 21st Σ 181
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
1.6
−2.9
3.2
−2.5
8.5
0.8
14.8
5.0
18.4
8.3
21.7
11.6
27.1
13.6
23.3
12.9
18.3
9.5
12.3
5.2
7.2
2.1
2.9
−1.3
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		85
54
51
42
89
73
90
91
73
72
82
92
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: Wetterdienst.de

history

Prehistory and early history

Old postcard with the parish church St. Michael, the Augustinus chapel and the former rent office

The earliest signs of settlement in and around Neunkirchen am Brand point to the Urnfield culture (1300–800 BC) and the Hallstatt period (800–450 BC). During field and sewer works in the 1920s, 1957 and 1958, some completely preserved urns and parts of them from these epochs were found in Honings , Dormitz and Neunkirchen am Brand. One specimen was resting in the immediate vicinity of today's old cemetery in Neunkirchen am Brand. The urns were used in cremation burials that were common at the time, were decorated with small ornaments and buried in shallow trenches in sandy soil.

Middle Ages to the 19th century

In 1296 Neunkirchen am Brand was mentioned for the first time beyond doubt, an older mention from 1195 in a papal confirmation bull for the Weißenohe monastery is likely, but it is not certain that Neunkirchen am Brand was meant. The place is undoubtedly older; archaeological excavations between 1990 and 1994 in and around the parish church of St. Michael revealed that the first buildings were built around 1150. In 1062 the area with Neunkirchen finally came to the diocese of Bamberg , which probably played an important role in the clearing, settlement and development of Neunkirchen. The addition of "am Brand" to the name indicates that the forest areas there were cleared by fire. The settlement was built on the old watercourse of the Brandbach, and a new church was founded, to which the place name Neunkirchen refers. Neunkirchen developed into the center of a large Hofmark , which was first mentioned in 1296 in a document in which the then Bishop of Bamberg pledged the Hofmark, which had previously been pledged to the Gründlach family , to the Nuremberg citizens Friedrich Holtzschuher and Heinrich Vorchtel. In 1314, Pastor Leupold von Hirschberg, who was also a scholastic at the collegiate monastery of St. Gangolf in the Theuerstadt near Bamberg, founded the Augustinian canons monastery at Neunkirchen am Brand . The granting of market rights was first mentioned in 1348 and on April 19, 1410 by King Ruprecht III. Confirmed in a document by the Palatinate at the request of the Prince-Bishop of the Bamberg Monastery , Albrecht von Wertheim , who was related to him by marriage . This gave Neunkirchen am Brand the right to hold four annual markets and one weekly market.

In the early 16th century, the construction of the fortifications with defensive walls and city gates, which are still preserved in many places, began. During the German Peasants 'War in 1525, the Second Margrave War in 1552, the Thirty Years' War (especially 1632) and the Napoleonic Wars from 1798 onwards, Neunkirchen am Brand had to endure difficult times due to property damage, population decline, economic and cultural decline and famine. The desolate financial situation of the Archdiocese of Bamberg as a result of the Second Margrave War ultimately led to the closure of the Augustinian canon monastery at Neunkirchen am Brand in 1555 with the death of the last provost Augustin. From 1691 the monastery property was used to maintain the Bamberg seminary .

During the winter campaign of the Second Coalition War , on December 21, 1800 near Neunkirchen am Brand, a battle broke out between thousands of soldiers from Napoleon's French troops under Général de devision Guillaume Philibert Duhesme and the Imperial Army under Feldzeugmeister Joseph Anton von Simbschen . The three so-called French graves near the district of Ebersbach are a reminder of these fierce battles. Three fallen soldiers of the Napoleonic troops are said to be buried in them, who were buried on the spot during the fleeing retreat.

In 1803 the market came to the Electorate of Bavaria in the course of secularization with the Bamberg Monastery . A year later, a regional court and a rent office were set up in the village. On November 17, 1886, the secondary railway ("Seku") between Erlangen and Graefenberg started operating and thus connected Neunkirchen am Brand to the rail network.

20th and 21st centuries

The First World War passed without any direct damage to the place. In 1926, a flood disaster caused severe damage, whereupon the Brandbach in the town and in the northern outer area was diverted to its current bed and straightened. In addition to several houses and part of the old defensive wall, the upper Schwibbogen , the old culvert of the Brandbach in the northern wall, was demolished. On December 31, 1963, the last train ran on the secondary line ("Seku") . The route was then dismantled and passenger traffic was taken over by buses.

After the Second World War , many expellees moved to Neunkirchen am Brand thanks to the commitment of the Archbishop of Bamberg at the time, Joseph Otto Kolb . As a result, and later when the Siemens company settled in Erlangen , the town had a very strong increase in population. Numerous new development areas were created, which are currently being expanded and re-designated. Numerous jobs were created through the establishment of several industrial companies. The community is particularly attractive for young families due to its infrastructure, the facilities for education and childcare, many associations and the bus connection.

Neunkirchen am Brand has been part of Upper Franconia and the Forchheim district since the 19th century , but the place is v. a. since the construction of the secondary railway ("Seku") economically oriented to a much greater extent on the Central Franconian cities of Erlangen and Nuremberg than on the Upper Franconian area.

Incorporations

On January 1, 1972, as part of the municipal reform, the formerly independent municipalities of Ermreuth, Großenbuch and Rödlas were incorporated into Neunkirchen am Brand. Rosenbach was added on January 1, 1977.

Former Administrative community

The market town of Neunkirchen am Brand founded the administrative community of Neunkirchen am Brand on May 1, 1978 as part of the municipal area reform together with the municipalities of Dormitz , Hetzles and Kleinsendelbach . This existed until January 1, 1980, when Neunkirchen am Brand was dismissed at its own request and became independent again. The other three communities then founded the Dormitz administrative community, which still exists today .

Population development

date Residents
12/01/1840 ¹ 2,187
December 01, 1871 ¹ 2,225
December 01, 1900 ¹ 2,181
06/16/1925 ¹ 2,377
May 17, 1939 ¹ 2,455
09/13/1950 ¹ 3,736
06/06/1961 ¹ 3,662
May 27, 1970 ¹ 4,328
date Residents
May 25, 1987 ¹ 6,335
12/31/2007 8,000
December 31, 2008 7,983
December 31, 2009 7,982
December 31, 2010 7,905
05/09/2011 ¹ 7,750
December 31, 2011 7,753
December 31, 2012 7,812
date Residents
December 31, 2013 7,876
December 31, 2014 7,924
December 31, 2015 7,968
December 31, 2016 8,020
December 31, 2017 8,037
December 31, 2018 8,104
¹ Census result

Source: Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing

religion

Neunkirchen am Brand is a predominantly Catholic place with many traditions , including the Good Friday procession . The services are celebrated in the parish church of St. Michael and during the week partly in the Augustinus chapel; both belong to the old monastery complex. In addition, in the main town of Neunkirchen am Brand, a little away from St. Michael, there is the Katharinenkapelle and the Heilig-Grab-Kapelle (also called Gugelkapelle) on the district road to Großenbuch . In the districts there are the branch churches of St. John the Baptist in Großenbuch, Patrona Bavariae in Rosenbach, Maria, Queen of Peace in Rödlas, Our Lady of the Rosary in Honings and Holy Cross in Schellenberg.

Due to the settlement of expellees after the Second World War and later strong influx of people, a Protestant parish was founded in Neunkirchen am Brand. It became independent on November 1, 1994 in the Gräfenberg dean's office and has more than 1900 members (as of 2019). In addition to the parish hall, which has existed since 1977, the new Christ Church was consecrated on December 2, 2000.

The district of Ermreuth with its parish church St. Peter and Paul is predominantly Protestant, which still results from the time of the manor. The parish church to the holy graves in Walkersbrunn also belongs to the parish of Ermreuth .

From around 1500, many Jews settled in Ermreuth, who had been driven mainly from Nuremberg. In 1811 there were 44 Jewish families living in the village, in 1840 more than 30% of the population professed to be Jewish. In 1933 the NSDAP regime began to discriminate against its fellow Jews . During the Reichspogromnacht from November 9th to 10th, 1938, they were mistreated, their home furnishings and the interior of the synagogue destroyed; tombstones were knocked over at the cemetery . In 1938 there were 19 Jews living there. 15 of them were deported and murdered in 1939 . Only four were able to emigrate to America in time .

Since the beginning of the 21st century there has also been a free Christian community in Neunkirchen am Brand . She holds her services in the "Lebenshaus".

politics

Market council

Allocation of seats in the municipal council
(as of March 2020)
      
A total of 20 seats
  • CSU : 7
  • FW : 3
  • SPD : 2
  • ÜWG : 2
  • GDG : 2
  • Greens : 4

The market council of Neunkirchen am Brand has 20 members plus the full-time mayor. The local elections led to the following results (n.a.: not run):

Election year CSU SPD FWG ÜWG GDG JB Green total
2020 7th 2 3 2 2 n / A. 4th 20 seats
2014 7th 3 4th 2 2 n / A. 2 20 seats
2008 6th 5 5 2 2 n / A. n / A. 20 seats
2002 7th 4th 4th 3 1 1 n / A. 20 seats

mayor

  • 1946–1948: Wilhelm Schmitt
  • 1948–1959: Hans Sauer
  • 1959–1974: Georg Hemmerlein ( CSU )
  • 1974–1992: Alfred Derfuß ( CSU )
  • 1992–1996: Ursula Zimmermann ( SPD )
  • 1996-2008: Wilhelm Schmitt ( CSU )
  • 2008–2020: Heinz Richter ( FWG )
  • since 2020: Martin Walz ( CSU )

Partnerships

Both partnerships came about through the musical commitment of the local youth and traditional costume band. They are regularly maintained through mutual visits and cultural exchanges.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Neunkirchen am Brand

Description of coat of arms

Blazon : In gold, a silver church set over a corner with seven red-roofed nave gables, apse tower and roof turret; on the facade standing the archangel Michael clad in silver with a cross staff; Next to the portal is a little golden sign, inside a red armored black lion covered with a silver sloping bar

Coat of arms history

Neunkirchen am Brand was raised to the market in 1348. In 1444, the Bamberg prince-bishop Anton von Rotenhan (1431 to 1459) gave the market a coat of arms. It shows a church with nine red roofs, which stand for the place name. The parish has existed since the 11th century; it was a colonization church for nine younger parishes and parishes in the area. The coat of arms was first awarded by the Bamberg prince-bishop Anton von Rotenhan. The Bamberg monastery coat of arms indicates the sovereignty of the Bamberg monastery at that time. In 1819 the diocese coat of arms was removed and the seal management was abandoned until 1847. The Archangel Michael refers to the patronage of the parish church, the former collegiate church of the Augustinian canons. The Bamberg lion was missing from 1819 to 1847.

Neunkirchen am Brand has consisted of the former communities of Ermreuth, Großenbuch, Neunkirchen and Rödlas since 1972. The municipal council decided to adopt the historic coat of arms of Neunkirchen am Brand unchanged for the new market. The re-acceptance was approved by the government of Upper Franconia (coat of arms privilege of April 6, 1444 and letter of the government of Upper Franconia of July 25, 1973). .

Education and culture

Educational institutions

  • Elementary school Neunkirchen am Brand
  • Middle School Neunkirchen am Brand

Childcare facilities

  • Catholic kindergarten
  • Catholic nursery for the good shepherd
  • Evangelical kindergarten including a branch in the forest kindergarten
  • Evangelical day nursery
  • 2 Protestant day nurseries
  • Evangelical Integrative Kindergarten in Ermreuth

Social facilities for seniors

  • Caritas retirement and nursing home St. Elisabeth
  • Caritas social station (outpatient care for the elderly and sick)
  • Caritas day care rose garden

Libraries

  • St. Michael Market Library
  • Library of Ermreuth

Museums

  • Felix Müller Museum in the Zehntspeicher
  • Jewish Museum in the Synagogue in Ermreuth
  • Local history museum in the old train station

music

  • The Hemmerleinhalle was a concert stage for international music greats from 1977 to 1988.

Others

Neunkirchen am Brand is on the following routes:

societies

In the market town of Neunkirchen am Brand there are more than 70 active clubs and groups in the fields of sport, music, culture, customs, social affairs, etc. The clubs with the largest number of members are:

  • Youth and costume band (JTK)
  • Gymnastics and Sports Club (TSV)
  • 1st ski club (1st SCN)
  • Kolping family St. Josef
  • St. Elizabeth Society
  • Tennis Club (TCN)
  • Sports club Ermreuth
  • Neunkirchner Carnevals Verein (NCV)
  • Bund Naturschutz
  • MGV "Sängerkranz-Cäcilia"

Leisure and sports facilities

  • Outdoor pool (25-meter swimmer pool with 5 lanes, paddling pool)
  • Multifunctional area (skater area, basketball, ice rink)
  • Playgrounds in different districts
  • Primary and middle school sports facilities (soccer fields, tartan play areas, athletics facilities)
  • Elementary school gym
  • Middle school triple gymnasium
  • Brandbachgarten (large meadow, playground, bocce court)
  • Sports facility of TSV Neunkirchen am Brand (2 soccer fields, beach volleyball field)
  • Sports facility of SV Ermreuth (2 soccer fields)
  • Tennis facility of the TC Neunkirchen am Brand (14 tennis courts, including 2 indoor courts and 2 small fields)
  • Schützenheim of the shooting friends Hubertus
  • Riding and vaulting facility in Rödlas
  • Motor, glider and model flight at the Hetzleser Berg airfield
  • Two football fields in Neunkirchen am Brand and one each in Großenbuch and Ebersbach
  • Youth club "Outback"
  • Climbing hall "Boulderia"

Buildings

The townscape is effective through the preserved gates, the former Neunkirchen am Brand monastery , numerous half-timbered houses and the medieval tithe warehouses.

  • The tithe store of the old monastery

  • The parish church of St. Michael , which is part of the old monastery complex

  • The Evangelical Christ Church

  • The new town hall in the old monastery school, on the right the monastery courtyard gate

  • The old City Hall

  • The Holy Sepulcher Chapel (also called Gugelkapelle)

  • The Katharinenkapelle

  • Erlanger gate of the old defensive wall

  • Erleinhofer gate of the old defensive wall, which is the only gate that is inhabited

  • Forchheimer Tor of the old defensive wall

  • The former train station

  • The sheep house (oldest house in Neunkirchen)

  • The fountain on the tenth place

  • The Brandbachgarten

Regular events

  • Mardi Gras parade with various floats, groups, music bands and dancing gardens on Mardi Gras
  • The tradition of the Good Friday procession , which has existed since 1668 , in which depictions from the Passion of Jesus Christ are carried along
  • The Neunkirchner Kulturtage from the beginning of April to the beginning of May offer a rich program with readings by authors, concerts, theater and exhibitions.
  • Cherry blossom festival in Gleisenhof on Ascension Day
  • Kirchweih (Kerwa) in Ermreuth on the weekend of the fourth Sunday in June
  • Citizens' and homeland festival, at which mainly the local associations present themselves with stands and performances on the stage, on the third weekend in July
  • Parish fair (Kerwa) in Rödlas on the weekend of the first Sunday in August
  • Kirchweih (Kerwa) in Ebersbach on the weekend of the second Sunday in August
  • Kirchweih (Kerwa) in Rosenbach on the weekend of the fourth Sunday in August
  • Parish fair (Kerwa) in Großenbuch on the weekend of the first Sunday in September
  • Thanksgiving on the Sunday before the Neunkirchner Kirchweih
  • Neunkirchner Kirchweih (Kerwa) on the weekend of the first Sunday in October
  • Folk hiking days on the weekend of the 41st calendar week
  • Autumn church fair (Kerwa) or “Sieb'njudikirwa” in Ermreuth on the weekend of the fourth Sunday in October
  • Christmas market around St. Michaels Church on the third weekend in Advent

Personalities

Personalities who were born or grew up in Neunkirchen am Brand

Personalities related to Neunkirchen am Brand

  • Leupold von Hirschberg (13th / 14th century), scholastic at the collegiate monastery St. Gandolph in Bamberg ; Founder of the Augustinian Canons Monastery of Neunkirchen am Brand .
  • Max Spindler (1894–1986), Bavarian regional historian, died in Neunkirchen from a fire
  • Felix Müller (1904–1997), born in Augsburg and died of fire in Neunkirchen, carver of predominantly religious expressive works such as crucifixes and painter of paintings with motifs from the Franconian landscape, portraits and practical art. In the summer of 2000, the Felix Müller Museum on the first floor of the Zehntspeicher was set up as a memorial to the artist in order to make his work accessible to the public.
  • Wiltrud Probst (* 1969 in Nuremberg), former professional tennis player; she runs the tennis school named after her in Neunkirchen am Brand.

Economy and Infrastructure

Established businesses

  • Neunkirchener Achsfabrik (NAF) (axles, gearboxes, largest employer in town)
  • Tutogen Medical ( bovine bone and metal grafts )
  • Neunkirchner Präzisionsfeder-Werk (NPW) (stamped and bent parts, toolmaking)

In addition, there are various industrial, commercial and service companies as well as retailers in various sectors.

traffic

Neunkirchen am Brand is connected to Erlangen and Eckental via the state road St 2240 . After Forchheim is reached by the State Street St 2243 and toward Ermreuth on the circuit road FO 28 . To relieve traffic in Neunkirchen am Brand, in addition to the southern bypass, which was inaugurated in 1997, a western bypass has been planned since the 1960s. This is intended to relieve the sometimes very narrow local roads from heavy goods and through traffic. The western bypass is so far only in urgency level 1R, which means that it will be implemented in the years 2020 to 2025 at the earliest. However, legitimized by a referendum on July 14, 2013, the market has made advance payments for the early planning approval procedure that has been started since autumn 2013 and is providing a maximum of 110,000 euros from its own funds. This is intended to achieve an earlier implementation of the western bypass. The objections are currently being processed as part of the plan approval procedure (as of 2017).

There are bus connections with the VGN line 209 to Erlangen and Eckental and - less frequently - with the line 224 to Forchheim. Especially in the morning and at noon there are additional buses from lines 211 and 225, which connect the surrounding towns and districts with the schools and are used outside of school traffic in the surrounding areas.

The next train station with a long-distance train connection (also ICE) is in Erlangen, where the S-Bahn (S1), the regional trains to Nuremberg or Lichtenfels (R2) and to Würzburg as well as the Franconia-Thuringia Express to Sonneberg and Leipzig leave. There is also access to the Graefenbergbahn (R21), which goes to Graefenberg and to Nürnberg-Nordostbahnhof , via the train stations or stops in Großgeschaidt , Eschenau and Forth (bicycles can be taken).

Until 1963 the secondary railway ("Seku") , which connected the Erlangen and Eschenau stations, ran through Neunkirchen am Brand. The old course of the route can still be seen in several places, it has largely become pedestrian and cycle paths. The former train station first served as a building yard for the community and is now the home of the local folk and costume club, which has set up a local museum there. A new rail connection to Erlangen and Eschenau in the form of a suburban railway (StUB) was planned, but has not been pursued further since a negative referendum in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt in 2015.

The Nuremberg airport is about 20 minutes away by car. At the Hetzleser Berg there is an airfield that is used by private pilots for motorized and glider flights.

Breweries

The Vasold & Schmitt brewery is located in Neunkirchen am Brand.

Others

Original mast of the Reichssammelschiene between Neunkirchen am Brand and Hetzles

The overhead line leading through Neunkirchen am Brand is part of the former Reichsammelschiene . This is a high-voltage overhead line built between 1939 and 1941 , which led from the Helmstedt substation via Magdeburg , Halle (Saale) and Nuremberg to Ernsthofen in Lower Austria and the exchange of electrical energy between the central German lignite region and pumped storage power plants in Bavaria and Austria served and operated with 220 kV. The original masts still exist on the Forchheim - Neunkirchen am Brand - Ludersheim and Ludersheim - Ernsthofen sections , although the former area is only operated with 110 kV.

media

Two regional print media appear in Neunkirchen am Brand, the Schwabachbogen information sheet and the Xtra magazine , which are distributed in the surrounding area.

literature

Web links

Commons : Neunkirchen am Brand  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ On the geology and prehistoric position of the Hetzlaser Mountains near Neunkirchen am Brand (Upper Franconia) , accessed on October 18, 2017
  3. ^ Community Neunkirchen am Brand in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on January 4, 2020.
  4. ↑ Population statistics from 2012 , on neunkirchen-am-brand.de
  5. ↑ Horst Miekisch: The Augustinian Canons' Monastery Neunkirchen am Brand. Its history and its importance for the dissemination of the Raudnitzer Reform (inaugural dissertation in the Faculty of History and Geosciences of the Otto-Friedrich University of Bamberg) . Bamberg 2005, p. 6-8 .
  6. ↑ Horst Miekisch: The Augustinian Canons' Monastery Neunkirchen am Brand. Its history and its importance for the dissemination of the Raudnitzer Reform (inaugural dissertation in the Faculty of History and Geosciences of the Otto-Friedrich University of Bamberg) . Bamberg 2005, p. 5 .
  7. ↑ Horst Miekisch: The Augustinian Canons' Monastery Neunkirchen am Brand. Its history and its importance for the dissemination of the Raudnitzer Reform (inaugural dissertation in the Faculty of History and Geosciences of the Otto-Friedrich University of Bamberg) . Bamberg 2005, p. 9 .
  8. ↑ Horst Miekisch: The Augustinian Canons' Monastery Neunkirchen am Brand. Its history and its importance for the dissemination of the Raudnitzer Reform (inaugural dissertation in the Faculty of History and Geosciences of the Otto-Friedrich University of Bamberg) . Bamberg 2005, p. 135 .
  9. ↑ Horst Miekisch: The Augustinian Canons' Monastery Neunkirchen am Brand. Its history and its importance for the dissemination of the Raudnitzer Reform (inaugural dissertation in the Faculty of History and Geosciences of the Otto-Friedrich University of Bamberg) . Bamberg 2005, p. 136 f .
  10. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 462 .
  11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 683 .
  12. ↑ The history of our church. Retrieved November 4, 2019 .
  13. ↑ The Jewish Ermreuth. Retrieved May 7, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Free Christian Community LEBENSHAUS , on christliche-gemeinden.eu
  15. ↑ br.de: Good Friday procession Neunkirchen , April 18, 2019, accessed on April 7, 2020.
  16. ↑ Majority opposes StUB, is the L-solution coming? , on nordbayern.de