Ormes (Saône-et-Loire)

Ormes
region	Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department	Saône-et-Loire
Arrondissement	Louhans
Canton	Cuiseaux
Community association	Terres de Bresse
Coordinates	46 ° 38 ′  N , 4 ° 58 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 38 ′  N , 4 ° 58 ′  E
height	167-214 m
surface	9.80 km 2
Residents	477 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	49 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	71290
INSEE code	71332

Ormes is a French commune in the department of Saone-et-Loire in the region of Bourgogne Franche-Comté . It belongs to the Arrondissement Louhans and the Canton of Cuiseaux . The community has 477 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), they are ormillats , resp. Called Ormillates .

geography

The municipality is located in the Bresse countryside , in the extreme southwest of the Arrondissement Louhans and borders in the northeast, north and west on the Arrondissement Chalon-sur-Saône . The place is about 20 kilometers west of Louhans , the entire western border forms the Saône , the north-western border forms the river La Ténarre , which forms a complicated border with many windings and dead watercourses. The southern municipal area and a whole chain of Étangs drains the Bief du Moulin Bernard . In the far east, the department road D933 ( Saint-Germain-du-Plain - Simandre ) touches the municipality. The community has few forest areas, only in the south there are some coppice forest areas. The following hamlets and corridors belong to the municipality: Bas-d'Ormes, Châtain, Châtelet, Courbe, Grand-Chêne, Levrats, Luminaire, Moulin-Bernard, Moulin-Beurot, Moulin-Patin, Noiry, Port, Seigneurie, Serrée, Taluchot , Tuilerie, Vanoise.

climate

The climate in Ormes is warm and temperate. There is significant rainfall throughout the year, even the driest month still has high rainfall. The effective climate classification according to Köppen and Geiger is Cfb . The annual average temperature is 11.0 ° C. Within one year there is 789 mm of precipitation.

Ormes
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     59   5 -1     55   7th 0     55   12 3     56   16 6th     77   20th 9     77   23 13     57   26th 14th     77   25th 14th     76   22nd 11     65   16 7th     73   10 3     62   5 0 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: climate-data.org

Toponymy

Ormes is mentioned for the first time at the end of the 10th century: Piscaria in fluvio Harari… ad Ulmos , in 1140 there is Ecclesia de Ulmo . In the first passage, reference is made to a fishing port in the Saône near the elms , in the second to a church, where Ulmo already refers to a place name and no longer to the actual term of the elm . In this context, the name of the flumen araris , which already appears in Caesar , is likely to go back to a Celtic term for water and appears several times (for example also for the Aare in Switzerland). However, the elms that were found in this area were evidently characteristic of the place name .

history

In the 19th century a Gallo-Roman villa was excavated in Noiry , the mosaic is exhibited in the museum in Tournus . The church dates from the first half of the 12th century, the nave was restored in the 18th century. It is dedicated to Saint Martin . It contains the tombstone of the son of Renaud de la Serrée from the 13th century. In the Middle Ages, there was an archpriest in Ormes, to whom the parishes of Bresse were subordinate.

In the 13th and 14th centuries there was a castle in La Serrée with two moats that controlled a ford across the Saône . In the 15th century the de Lugny are lords of Ormes and Simandre . The castle of the Lords of Ormes was built in 1605 and destroyed between 1920 and 1924. A new castle was built in 1895, and one in La Serrée was expanded in the 18th century and in 1853. From 1771, Ormes and Ténarre belonged to Jean Gravier de Vergennes , Conseiller at the Parlement of Dijon , president of the Chambre des comptes of Burgundy, as a result of a purchase . In 1778 the rulership was elevated to marquisate , Jean's brother was Foreign Minister of King Louis XVI . Jean became Marquis de Vergennes, Baron de Ténarre, Lord of Ormes, Saugy, Boulay, Vanoise and Ramboz , ambassador to Switzerland, then to Portugal and Venice. Jean-Charles Gravier de Vergennes and his son Charles-Bonaventure were beheaded on July 24, 1794 in Paris as part of the revolutionary struggle.

The Beurot mill is first mentioned in 1323, the Bernard and Taluchot mills in 1781 , and there was also a godmother mill . Mica was mined in the 18th century . There are still four wash fountains, in Vanoise , Champs-Mathey , in the town center and in Chatin . Sand was mined in the 20th century and a lock with weir was built from 1975 to 1978. In the middle of the 19th century there was a large wood processing company at the port, lime and brick kilns and in 1988 there were 18 farms.

heraldry

Ormes uses a modern coat of arms, which reflects the characteristics of the community without much historical reference. The fourth coat of arms shows a key in the first field, which in the blazon is called Gallo-Roman and refers to the finds from Roman times. Field 2 shows an elm leaf , the tree of which supposedly forms the basis for the place name. Field 3 shows three birds flying up, as an indication of the rural area, as well as the many wetlands, field 4 finally shows the chess flower , which occurs as a specialty in this area.

population

Number of inhabitants
(source:)

year	1793	1800	1821	1831	1841	1851	1861	1872	1881	1891	1901	1911	1921	1931	1946	1962	1975	1990	1999	2006	2011
Residents	828	719	902	949	880	924	865	828	801	795	710	624	582	531	452	408	334	413	438	489	523
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence

Economy and Infrastructure

In the community there are 10 farms, a bakery, a cabinet maker, a wine shop, a construction company and two forestry. Crème et beurre de Bresse are approved as AOC products in Ormes , as are Volaille de Bresse and Dinde de Bresse

Educational institutions

In the community there is an École primaire ( École maternelle and École élémentaire ), which is subordinate to the Académie de Dijon and attended by 61 children. The vacation schedule for zone A applies to the school.

literature

• Claude Courtépée (1721–1781): Description historique et topographique du Duché de Bourgogne . tape 5 . Chez Causse, Dijon 1780 (French, Google Books ).
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842-1917): Histoire de la Bresse Louhannaise. Vol. 1, Louhans 1897.
• Lucien Guillemaut (1842–1917): Armoiries et familles nobles de la Bresse louhannaise: armoiries ouvrières, armoiries particulières et de familles . Vve L. Romand, Louhans 1909 (French, gallica ).

Web links

Commons : Ormes  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Ormes. on INSEE. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques , accessed on January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Ormes. in the register of communes in France. Retrieved January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Ormes. in the Base Mérimée . Ministère de la Culture, accessed January 18, 2015 (French). 
• Ormes. in Archives départementales. Saône-et-Loire department, accessed on January 21, 2016 (French). 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ormes. on habitants.fr. Retrieved January 25, 2015 (French). 
2. ↑ La Saône , length 473.4 km, tributary to the Rhone , source at 48 ° 5 ′ 31.2 ″  N , 6 ° 10 ′ 46.6 ″  E in Vioménil at approx. 401 m, mouth at 45 ° 43 ′ 28 , 6 ″  N , 4 ° 49 ′ 8.8 ″  E in Lyon at approx. 161 m, La Saône on sandre.eaufrance.fr
3. ↑ La Tenarre , length 26.0 km, tributary to the Saône , source at 46 ° 45 ′ 45 ″  N , 5 ° 4 ′ 12.4 ″  E in Saint-Martin-en-Bresse at approx. 209 m, mouth at 46 ° 39 ′ 13.7 ″  N , 4 ° 57 ′ 16.6 ″  E in Ormes at approx. 174 m, La Tenarre on sandre.eaufrance.fr
4. ↑ Bief du Moulin Bernard , length 7.3 km, tributary to the Saône , source at 46 ° 37 ′ 35 ″  N , 4 ° 59 ′ 23.3 ″  E in Simandre at approx. 202 m, mouth at 46 ° 35 ′ 29 , 4 ″  N , 4 ° 55 ′ 26 ″  E in Boyer at approx. 169 m, Bief du Moulin Bernard on sandre.eaufrance.fr
5. ^ Department road D933. on routes.wikia.com. Retrieved January 25, 2015 (French). 
6. ↑ Ormes. (PDF) on Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Saône-et-Loire. In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France. Comité des Travaux Historiques et Scientifiques, accessed on January 23, 2015 (French, search term: Ctrl+ FOrmes). 
7. ↑ Abrinca on Orbis Latinus , accessed January 25, 2015.
8. ↑ La maison forte de la Serrée. archaeological investigation report. (No longer available online.) Center de Castellologie de Bourgogne, archived from the original on July 8, 2015 ; Retrieved on July 4, 2015 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
9. ↑ L'Armorial des Villes es des Villes de France. Ormes. Retrieved on February 12, 2016 (French, original blowing : Écartelé: au 1er d'azur à la clé gallo-romaine d'or, contournée et renversée d'or, au 2e de gueules à la feuille d'orme d'argent, au 3e de gueules à trois oiseaux essorants d'argent, ceux du chef affrontés, au 4e d'azur à la fritillaire pintade [espèce rare de la region] tigée et feuillée d'or, la fleur courbée et penchée vers la dextre, mouvant d 'ondes alésées d'argent .). 
10. ↑ Ormes. on cassini.ehess.fr. In: Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui. École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, accessed January 25, 2015 (French). 
11. ↑ Crème de Bresse. to INAO L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved July 3, 2015 (French). 
12. ↑ Beurre de Bresse. to INAO L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved July 3, 2015 (French). 
13. ^ Chicken de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
14. ↑ Dinde de Bresse. to INAO, L'Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité. Retrieved June 26, 2015 (French). 
15. ^ Homepage of the Académie de Dijon. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French). 
16. ↑ Vacation and Bank Holiday Schedule for Zone A. Ormes. Retrieved January 10, 2016 (French).