kuk Dragoon Regiment "Graf Paar" No. 2

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Dragoons officer's helmet

The association was established in 1672 as a Caraffa-Cürassiere for the Imperial-Habsburg army . From this, the kuk dragoon regiment "Graf Paar" No. 2 developed over time up to the joint army within the Austro-Hungarian Land Forces

In 1769 the regiment was given the name Cavalry Regiment No. 29 in the newly established cavalry ranking list . However, the name continued to be after the regiment owner (who did not also have to be the commander) until 1798 . There was no binding regulation of the spelling. (e.g. Count Serbelloni regiment - or Serbelloni regiment.) With each change of ownership, the regiment concerned changed its name.

After the system was changed in 1798, the numbered designation prevailed, which could possibly be linked to the name of the owner. The name was changed to Dragoon Regiment No. 2

The last name used had been assigned to the regiment for ever , nevertheless in 1915 all honorary names were deleted without replacement. From then on, the association was again only called kuk Dragoon Regiment No. 2 (This could not be enforced in practice, on the one hand because no one adhered to it, on the other hand because the very economical kuk military administration had ordered that all forms and stamps that were still available first be used up !). The regiment was considered an elite regiment and was also known as the "Count Couple Dragoons".

The following numbering was subsequently introduced for the system: 1672/2 (to Ticino ), cuirassier regiment K 14 (to Bleckwenn ).

Barracks of the regiment in Trembowla

Associations with the same name

Formation history

  • With a patent from Emperor Leopold , the Colonel Count Caraffa set up the Count Caraffa cuirassier regiment on December 22nd, 1672 .
  • In 1679 parts of the dissolved Holstein Cuirassier Regiment were incorporated.
  • In 1721 a squadron of the cuirassier regiment Steinville was incorporated.
  • 1731 1727 established auction company was dissolved and to the partially Cuirassiers Pignatelli and Cuirassiers Kokorowa dispensed. The carabinier company was transferred to the newly established 2nd Carabinier Regiment (later Dragoon Regiment No. 1 ) in 1768 . A squadron of the disbanded Cuirassier Regiment Kleinholdt was taken over for it.
  • A squadron of the majors division of the disbanded cuirassier regiment Rothschütz and the entire colonel division of the cuirassier regiment Podstatzky were incorporated in 1775.
  • In 1801 the majors division of the dissolved Zezschwitz Cuirassier Regiment was taken over. Due to the dissolution of the cuirassiers , it was converted into a dragoon regiment with the number 2 in 1867.

Supplementary districts

  • From 1781 from Upper and Lower Austria
  • from 1800 some of the recruits from Bohemia
  • from 1817 Bohemia
  • 1853–57 from the supplementary district of Infantry Regiment No. 21 ( Chrudim )
  • 1857-60 also from the supplementary districts of infantry regiments No. 11 and No. 18 ( Písek and Königgrätz )
  • 1860–68 from those of infantry regiments No. 18, 21, and 75
  • 1868–83 only from the districts of infantry regiments No. 21 and 75
  • from 1883 from the supplementary districts of infantry regiments No. 28, 88 and 102 ( Prague , Beraun and Beneschau ).
  • From 1889 the regiment expanded its personnel from the area of ​​the VIII Corps (Military Territorial District Prague)

Peace garrisons

I. II. III.

Regimental owner

As a cuirassier regiment Bretlach 1745–1767

Regimental Commanders

I. II. III.
  • 1673 the owner, Colonel Caraffa
  • 1674 Lieutenant Colonel Horatio Graf Srassoldo
  • 1680 Lieutenant Colonel Albrecht von Lambach
  • 1684 Lieutenant Colonel Carl Marchese Doria
  • 1690 Lieutenant Colonel Johann Graf Terzy
  • 1693 the owner Colonel Graf Schrattenbach
  • 1694 Lieutenant Colonel Johann Graf Terzy
  • 1699 Lieutenant-Colonel-Colonel Freiherr Hochberg von Hennersdorf
  • 1704 Lieutenant Colonel Baron Lagelberg
  • 1707 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Ludwig Freiherr von Uffeln
  • 1716 Colonel Franz Graf Eltz
  • 1717 Colonel Count Trento
  • 1724 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Johann Heinrich Graf de Palantain
  • 1734 Lieutenant Colonel Carl Graf Limburg-Styrum
  • 1737 Lieutenant Colonel Freiherr Rzikowsky von Dobrschitz (interim)
  • 1738 Colonel Hannibal Friedrich Freiherr von Nadeling
  • 1742 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Seenús
  • 1749 Colonel Franz Freiherr von Lützenthal
  • 1753 Colonel August Marchese Voghera
  • 1758 Colonel Anton Freiherr von Münchhausen
  • 1761 Colonel Joseph von Schimonsky
  • 1763 Colonel Georg Freiherr von Rothschütz
  • 1771 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Carl Freiherr von Seenús
  • 1781 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Gemmingen
  • 1784 Colonel Wenzel von Seddeler
  • 1790 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Anton Freiherr von Barco
  • 1794 Colonel Johann Graf Nobili
  • 1796 Colonel Joseph Vigili von Kreuzberg
  • 1797 Colonel Carl Wilhelmi von Willenstein
  • 1800 Colonel Bernhard Freiherr von Degelmann
  • 1800 Colonel Stanislaus Auer
  • 1801 Colonel Joseph von Theumern
  • 1809 Colonel Joseph Chevalier de Hennuy
  • 1813 Colonel Carl von Schaeffer
  • 1823 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Rehbach
  • 1831 Colonel Joseph Schmidl von Seeberg
  • 1837 Colonel Joseph Becker
  • 1842 Colonel Franz Wizigmann
  • 1848 Colonel Theodor Graf Kolowrat-Krakowsky
  • 1849 Colonel Johann Count Duca di Laurite Montfort
  • 1854 Colonel August Freiherr von Heydte
  • 1859 Colonel Georg Hertweck von Haueneberstein
  • 1866 Colonel Edgar Graf Erbach-Fürstenau
  • 1867 Colonel Friedrich Hein von Heinsberg
  • 1869 Colonel Carl Beales
  • 1876 ​​Colonel Wilhelm Uiberfeld
  • 1878 Colonel Alfred Lorenz
  • 1878 Colonel Wenceslaus Graf Festetics de Tolna
  • 1884 Lieutenant Colonel Leopold Pova
  • 1885 Colonel Hugo von Förster
  • 1894 Lieutenant Colonel-Colonel Hugo Graf Kálnoky de Köröspatak
  • 1896 Colonel Franz Ritter von Zwackh zu Holzhausen
  • 1898 Colonel Wilhelm Freiherr von Schuchen
  • 1903 Colonel Anton Hroch
  • 1906 Colonel Karl Edler von Skala
  • 1908 Colonel Adam von Petraszkiewicz
  • 1913 Colonel Carl Freiherr von Peche
  • July 1914: vacant

Battle calendar

→ Anti-Habsburg uprisings in the Kingdom of Hungary from 1671–1711

  • 1674–80 campaigns against insurgents ( Malcontents ) in Upper Hungary
  • 1674 Battle of Tokaj
  • 1680 Four companies of the regiment are ambushed near Trenčín and suffer great losses
  • In 1682 the regiment was under Starssoldo in the area of ​​the mining towns

→ Great Turkish War

  • 1683 Seconded to the Schulz Corps in Upper Hungary. Battle at Pressburg , then in the main army in the battle on Bisamberg , the relief battle near Vienna. Security service at the Jablunkapass
  • 1684 During the march to the Upper Rhine, the regiment was redirected to Hungary. Joined the siege troops in front of the furnace on September 25th
  • 1685 In the winter months parts of the regiment fought against the troops of Tököly near Rosenau and Tokaj . Participation in the siege of Neuhäusel . Then relocation to Upper Hungary .
  • 1686 Security services at Szolnok . Parked in front of the furnace for the siege troops. Battle near Szeged . Used over the winter at the blockade of Erlau
  • 1687 Until the surrender on December 17th during the siege of Eger
  • Relocated temporarily to Transylvania in 1688, then assigned to the siege troops in front of Belgrade

→ War of the Palatinate Succession

  • 1689 Relocated to the theater of war on the Rhine. Participation in the siege of Mainz
  • 1690 Without combat activity
  • 1691 Relocated to the theater of war in Italy ( Piedmont ). There, the unit participated in the blockade of Carmagnola part
  • 1692–93 patrol and security service in front of Pignerol. Battle at Marsaglia (regiment owner Colonel Count Schrattenbach fallen)
  • 1694–95 patrol and security service in Piedmont
  • 1697 Relocated to the Rhine. No combat activity

→ War of the Spanish Succession

  • 1701 Relocated to Germany. Patrol and security service
  • 1702 Participation in the siege of Landau in the Palatinate
  • 1703 Four squadrons fight in the battle near Munderkingen , two squadrons were assigned to the Corps Styrum
  • 1704 Battle near Donauwörth . Battle of Höchstädt
  • 1705 Relocated to the theater of war in Hungary. Foray into Transylvania. Battle of Sibó, a detachment was deployed to defend Angern Castle
  • 1706 With the exception of 250 men from the Colonel Tige detachment, the regiment moves to Hungary
  • 1707 In Upper Hungary in the Starhemberg Corps
  • 1708–09 Border security of the Lower Austrian-Styrian border near Ödenburg
  • 1710 Participation in the siege of Neuhäusel
  • 1711 At the siege of Kosice , later "Neutrality Corps" in Silesia parked
  • 1712 relocation to the Rhine
  • 1713 patrol duty in the Black Forest , a detachment of approx. 150 men in the garrison in Landau

→ Venetian-Austrian Turkish War

  • 1716 Battle of Peterwardein and fighting in front of Temesvár
  • 1717 Participation in the siege and battle of Belgrade . Lieutenant Colonel Count Trento was made a colonel for bravery in battle. Foray towards Uzica.

→ War of the Quadruple Alliance

→ Russian-Austrian Turkish War (1736–1739)

→ War of the Austrian Succession

  • 1741 fighting in Bohemia
  • 1742 Heavy losses in the battle near Tschaslau . Deployed to the siege of Prague
  • 1742/43 Divided up during the siege of Eger in winter . Siege of Ingolstadt , then march to Transylvania

→ Seven Years War

→ War of the Bavarian Succession

  • 1778–79 in Bohemia, without combat activity

→ Russian-Austrian Turkish War (1787–1792)

  • 1788 With the main army on the Save , then in the Banat . Battle of retreat at Karansebes
  • 1789 Securing the troops deployed for the siege of Belgrade
  • 1790 patrol and security services in Bohemia and Silesia

→ coalition wars

  • 1805 with 4 divisions in Germany. Various departments fought in the corps of Feldmarschalleutnant Franz Freiherr von Werneck and were present in Trochtelfingen (surrender), the other departments came into French captivity after the surrender of Field Marshal Lieutenant Mack near Ulm . Only about 50 men managed to join Archduke Ferdinand 's corps and break through to Bohemia, where they formed a squadron with a division of Hohenzollern cuirassiers no. 8 and fought at Stecken ( Štoky , Czech Republic)

→ Wars of Liberation

  • 1813 Two divisions were assigned to the cavalry corps of the main army. In Dresden without any major action, the regiment later fought with distinction in the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig
  • 1814 patrol and security services between Besançon and Lyon

→ Rule of the Hundred Days

  • 1815 No combat activity

→ Revolution of 1848/1849 in the Austrian Empire

  • 1848 Only the Lieutenant Colonel Division was assigned to the Schlick Corps and transferred from Galicia to Hungary. There fights at Budamér and Szikszó
  • 1849 Fights near Kaschau , Tarczal , Keresztúr, Szén , Kápolna and Mezö-Kövesd . Later divided into the II. Reserve Corps , the division undertook raids on the Styrian- Hungarian border. In September in front of the Komorn Fortress . The Majors Division moved up to the theater of war in April with the Vogel corps . She later joined the IV Corps (Wohlgemuth) and fought near Schintau, Pered (Tešedíkovo), Puszta-Herákly, then near Szöreg, in Csanád County , near Temesvár and Lugos . The Colonel Division remained in Galicia .

→ German war

  • 1866 In the war against Prussia, the regiment and the 1st Squadron were in the 3rd Reserve Cavalry Division of the Northern Army and distinguished themselves in the Battle of Königgrätz .

→ First World War During the First World War, the cavalry regiments were exposed to a wide variety of uses. Some of them continued to exist in the regimental association, some of them were divided into squadrons by infantry divisions, corps and army staffs as so-called division cavalry . (They provided services there as reconnaissance and reporting riders, as well as security detachments.) Like most of the regiments, however, the Graf Paar Dragoons soon had to surrender their horses (if they still had any) and were then used by infantry. In 1917 the regiment was transferred from the Russian front to the Italian theater of war.

Eperjes slaughter

The first regiment owner, Colonel Count Caraffa, became known for the so-called Eperjes slaughterhouse ("Marcellum Eperiessiense"). As a commander in Upper Hungary in 1686 he headed a court that was supposed to punish the followers of Tököly . On the basis of fabricated allegations, with a prostitute as the main witness, he had 24 citizens and members of the lower nobility from Eperjes and the surrounding area cruelly tortured between March and September 1687 and then executed. The bodies were quartered and hung on the city gate for a few months. It was not until the end of the year that the delegates of the Hungarian parliament in Pressburg succeeded in getting the court to be repealed from Emperor Leopold I, who knew nothing about the events. A baroque group of statues of the Immaculate and a memorial plaque with the names of the victims stand at the place of execution.

Whereabouts

After the proclamation of Czechoslovakia as an independent state in October 1918, the soldiers of Czech origin were called on by the interim government to stop the fighting and return home. As a rule, this request was followed. Under constitutional law, the request also applied to the German-Bohemian soldiers, since they were now Czechoslovak citizens. The Dragoon Regiment No. 2, however, with its remaining German cadre remained with the flag until the official end of the war and after the armistice concluded with Italy was taken prisoner in South Tyrol. Thus the association was withdrawn from its previous high command, the Austro-Hungarian War Ministry, and could not be demobilized by the latter and, at best, theoretically dissolved. It is not known whether, when and where such a dissolution took place, as there was a Dragoon Regiment No. 2 in Austria's post-war army until it was incorporated into the German Wehrmacht in 1938 .

Status and association membership 1914

XI. Corps - 8th Cavalry Troop Division - 15th Cavalry Brigade
Nationalities: 61% Czechs - 26% German - 13% others
Regimental language: Czech and German

Adjustment

Adjustment as a cuirassier regiment

  • 1738: White skirt, red lapels
  • 1765: White skirt, black equalization , white trousers, white buttons
  • 1798: White skirt, black equalization, white trousers, white buttons
  • 1850: White skirt, black equalization, light blue patalons, white buttons

As Dragoon Regiment No. 2

  • 1868: light blue tunic, black equalization, madder red breeches, white buttons

structure

A regiment was the Austro-Hungarian cavalry usually originates from three to four (in the exception more) divisions . (A division was used here to refer to a battalion-strength unit. The correct division was called an infantry or cavalry division.) Each division had three squadrons , each of which consisted of two companies . The number of riders in the individual sub-units fluctuated, but was usually around 80 riders per company or 160 riders per squadron.

(However, with the army reform begun by Emperor Joseph II , the company structure within the cavalry had already been abandoned.)

The individual divisions were named after their formal leaders:

  • the 1st division was the colonel division
  • the 2nd division was the lieutenant colonel (lieutenant colonel) division
  • the 3rd division was the majors division
  • the 5th division (if any) was the 3rd majors division

In the course of the army reform, the cavalry regiments were reduced to two divisions from 1860 onwards.

Due to the constant renaming, the regimental histories of the Austro-Hungarian cavalry are very difficult to follow. In addition, there is the constant and apparently arbitrary, sometimes multiple reclassification of the associations. (For example: Kuk Bohemian Dragoon Regiment "Prince of Windisch-Graetz" No. 14 )

Regimental music

The parade march at a trot was the "Hunyady March".

Web links

Commons : Uniforms of the Austrian Cavalry 1762  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Allmayer-Beck , Lessing : The K. (below) K. Army. 1848-1914 . Bertelsmann, Munich et al. 1974, ISBN 3-570-07287-8 .
  • Hans Bleckwenn : The regiments of the Empress: Thoughts on the Albertina manuscript 1762 of the Army History Museum Vienna. In: Writings of the Army History Museum in Vienna. Volume 3: Maria Theresia - Contributions to the history of the army of her time. Graz, Vienna, Cologne 1967, pp. 25–53.
  • Hans Bleckwenn: Horsemen, Hussars and Grenadiers. d. Uniforms d. emperor. Army on the Rhine 1734. Harenberg, Dortmund 1979, ISBN 3-88379-125-3 , p. 17 ff.
  • Bertrand Michael Buchmann: Austria and the Ottoman Empire. WUV-Univ.-Verl., Vienna 1999, ISBN 978-3-85114-479-6 .
  • Liliane Funcken, Fred Funcken: Historical uniforms. Orbis, 2000.
  • Collective - guide through historical Presov. Universum, Presov 1997.
  • Hermann Meynert : History of the KK Austrian Army, its formation and organization, as well as its fate, actions and campaigns, from the earliest to the present time. C. Gerold and Son, Vienna 1854. online at google books
  • Osprey Military. Issue No. 271, reprint 1999.
  • Austrian military history. Special volume 1997, Verlag Stöhr Vienna.
  • Georg Schreiber : The emperor's cavalry. Austrian cavalry in 4 centuries. With a foreword by Alois Podhajsky . Speidel, Vienna 1967.
  • Georg Tessin : The regiments of the European states in the Ancien Régime des XVI. to XVIII. Century. 3 volumes. Biblio, Osnabrück 1986–1995, ISBN 3-7648-1763-1 , p. 152ff.
  • Alphons von Wrede: The history of the kuk Wehrmacht. The regiments, corps, branches and establishments from 1618 to the end of the XIX. Century. Vienna 1898–1905. Part III, Part 1 Cavalry, Part 2 Disbanded troops on horseback. Directory of regiment chiefs at the Wrede plant (PDF; 325 kB)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ according to “Announcement of the Quartermaster's Department” of Army Group Command FM. Archduke Eugen / Q.Op. No. 665/15. Issued by the field post office 512
  2. ^ Ticino 1986 vol. 1:40
  3. ↑ Bleckwenn
  4. ↑ Hunyady March on YouTube