List of Bible adaptations
In the history of literary film adaptations , the number of Bible adaptations occupies a leading place. The Bible and selected biblical narratives have often been made accessible to a broad audience through films .
A number of films deal with people from the Tanakh , the Hebrew Bible of Judaism , or from the Old Testament of Christianity . Many film adaptations of the New Testament depict the life of Jesus of Nazareth or Jesus Christ . Other films use the time about the life of Christ only as a framework or background story, in which the actual film story is embedded, or only deal with the time afterwards his death at the beginning of Christianity. Still other films try to be satirical or ironicApproaching the subject. Some films on all three variants of the treatment of the subject sparked fierce controversy and met with strong criticism, especially when they were portrayed with contemporary or permissive means.
Old testament
- Eva, die Sünde , Austria 1920, directed by Jacob Fleck , Luise Fleck
- Salome , USA 1922, Charles Bryant
- Samson and Delila , Austria 1922, Alexander Korda
- Sodom and Gomorrah , Austria 1922, Michael Curtiz
- The Ten Commandments , USA 1923 Cecil B. DeMille
- The slave queen , Austria 1924, Michael Curtiz
- Noah's Ark / The Drama of the Flood, USA 1928
- The Ten Commandments , USA 1939, Irving Pichel
- Samson and Delilah , USA 1949, Cecil B. DeMille
- David and Bathsheba , USA 1951, Henry King
- Queen of Sheba , Italy 1952, Pietro Francisci
- Adán y Eva , Mexico 1956, Alberto Gout
- The Ten Commandments , USA 1956, Cecil B. DeMille
- The Old Testament Scriptures , USA 1958, directed by Eddie Dew
- David and Goliath , Italy 1959, Ferdinando Baldi and Richard Pottier
- Judith - The Sword of Vengeance , Italy 1959, Fernando Cerchio
- Solomon and the Queen of Sheba , USA 1959, King Vidor
- The Book of Ruth , USA 1960, Henry Koster
- The Sword of Persia , USA / Italy 1960, Raoul Walsh (Esther film adaptation)
- Giuseppe venduto dai fratelli, Italy 1960, Irving rapper
- Sodom and Gomorrah , Italy / France 1962, Robert Aldrich and Sergio Leone
- The Battle of the Maccabees , Italy 1962, Gianfranco Parolini
- Noah's Ark , Italy 1963, Marcello Baldi (contrary to the German title, a film adaptation of Genesis up to the patriarchal stories)
- Gideon and Samson , Italy 1964, Marcello Baldi and Francisco Perez Dolz
- Saul e David, Italy 1964, Marcello Baldi
- The Bible , USA 1966, John Huston
- El pecado de Adán y Eva , Mexico 1969, Miguel Zacarías
- Salome , Federal Republic of Germany 1971/88, Werner Schroeter
- Jakob and Joseph , USA / Israel / Greece 1974, Michael Cacoyannis
- Moses and Aaron , Austria / France / FR Germany / Italy 1975, Danièle Huillet and Jean-Marie Straub (film adaptation of Schönberg's opera)
- Moses , Great Britain / Italy 1975, Gianfranco De Bosio
- Shalom Pharao , animation, BR Germany 1979
- Oh, Moses! , USA 1980, Gary Weis
- King David , USA 1984, Bruce Beresford
- Samson and Delilah , USA 1984, Lee Philips
- The Little Biblical Fox , Italy / Japan 1992, anime series
- The Bible - Joseph , USA / Italy / Germany 1995
- The Bible - Moses , USA / Italy / Germany 1996
- Testament: The Bible in Animation , UK 1996, series
- The Prince of Egypt , USA 1998, animated film
- Noah's Ark - The Greatest Adventure of Mankind , USA 1999, John Irvin
- Joseph the King of Dreams , USA 2000, cartoon
- In the Beginning (2 parts), USA 2000, Kevin Connor
- The Ten Commandments (2006) , USA 2006, Robert Dornhelm
- One Night with the King , USA 2006 (with Tiffany Dupont as Queen Ester )
- The Ten Commandments - Moses and the mystery of the tablets of stone , USA 2007, animation film
- CHI RHO - The Secret , Germany 2010, animated series
- The Bible in the movie - Old Testament , 2012
- Noah , USA 2014, Darren Aronofsky
- Exodus: Gods and Kings , USA / Great Britain 2014, Ridley Scott
New Testament
- La vie et la passion de Jésus Christ , France 1903, directed by Lucien Nonguet and Ferdinand Zecca
- From the Manger to the Cross , USA 1912, Sidney Olcott
- Intolerance (the second of four episodes), USA 1916, David Wark Griffith
- Leaves from Satan's Book , Denmark 1919, directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer
- Galileans , Germany 1921, Dimitri Buchowetzki
- INRI , Germany 1923, Robert Wiene
- King of Kings , USA 1927, Cecil B. DeMille
- The cross of Golgotha , France 1935, Julien Duvivier
- Jesús de Nazareth , Mexico 1942, José Díaz Morales
- María Magdalena, pecadora de Magdala , Mexico 1946, Miguel Contreras Torres
- Reina de reinas: La Virgen María , Mexico 1946, Miguel Contreras Torres
- The Lawton story, USA 1949, William Beaudine
- It was a man , BR Germany 1949/50, Curt Oertel (documentary film)
- The life of Jesus , France 1952, Marcel Gibaud
- El mártir del calvario , Mexico 1952, Miguel Morayta
- The Road to Damascus , France 1952, Max Glass
- The Living Bible , USA 1952, directed by Eddie Dew
- Salome , USA 1953, William Dieterle
- The traitor of the Lord - Judas Iscariot , Spain 1953, Rafael Gil
- The robe , USA 1953
- Barabbas - The Man in the Dark , Sweden 1953, directed by Alf Sjöberg
- I Beheld His Glory , USA 1953, directed by John T. Coyle
- Il figlio dell'uomo , Italy 1954, directed by Virgilio Sabel
- Day of Triumph , USA 1954, Irving Pichel
- Maria Magdalena, Argentina 1954, Carlos Hugo Christensen
- Temple of Temptation , USA 1955, Richard Thorpe (The Prodigal Son)
- Wine of Morning , USA 1955, directed by Katherine Stenholm
- The Way of the Lord , USA 1956/57, Joseph Breen
- Acts of the Apostles: Stories from the Early Church , USA 1957
- You are Petrus , France 1958, Philippe Agostini (with documentary recordings from Palestine)
- Cross and Sword , Italy 1958, Carlo Ludovico Bragaglia (Maria Magdalena)
- Ben Hur , USA 1959, William Wyler
- The Fisherman of Galilee , USA 1959, Frank Borzage (Simon Petrus)
- Herod - Blood on Jerusalem , Italy 1959, Viktor Tourjansky
- The Way of the Lord , Spain 1959, Fernando Palacios
- King of Kings , USA 1960, Nicholas Ray
- Pontius Pilatus - governor of horror , Italy / France 1961, Irving Rapper and Gian Paolo Callegari
- Barabbas , Italy / USA 1961, Richard Fleischer
- Give Us Barabbas! , USA / 1961, directed by George Schaefer
- The Greatest Story Ever , USA, 1963, George Stevens
- The 1st Gospel - Matthew (Il Vangelo secondo Matteo), Italy 1964, Pier Paolo Pasolini
- The story of the apostles , Italy / France / Spain / Federal Republic of Germany 1968, Roberto Rossellini
- Jesús, nuestro Señor , Mexico 1971, Miguel Zacarías
- Jesús, el niño Dios , Mexico 1971, Miguel Zacarías
- Jesús, María y José , Mexico 1972, Miguel Zacarías
- Salome, Italy 1972, Carmelo Bene
- Jesus Christ Superstar , USA 1973, Norman Jewison (film based on a musical)
- Godspell , USA 1973, David Greene (film based on a musical)
- Jesus of Nazareth , USA / Israel 1976, Michael Campus
- The Messiah , France / Italy 1976, Roberto Rossellini
- Jesus of Nazareth , Italy / Great Britain 1977, Franco Zeffirelli
- One day in Galilee , USA 1978, Bernard L. Kowalski
- The Life of Brian , UK 1979, Terry Jones
- Jesus , USA 1979, Peter Sykes and John Kirsh
- Mary and Joseph: A story of faith , USA 1979 (TV), Eric Till
- The New Media Bible: Book of Genesis , USA 1979
- The Day Christ Died , USA 1980 (TV), James Cellan Jones
- In Search of Historic Jesus, USA 1980, Henning Schellerup (despite the title no documentation)
- Peter and Paul , USA 1981, directed by Robert Day
- AD - Anno Domini , USA, GB 1985, Stuart Cooper
- The investigation, Italy 1986, Damiano Damiani
- Jesus - Der Film , BR Germany 1986, Michael Brynntrup and various Super 8 filmmakers and groups
- A child named Jesus , Italy 1987, Franco Rossi
- The Last Temptation of Christ , USA 1988, Martin Scorsese
- Maria of Nazareth , France 1994, Jean Delannoy
- Forbidden Stories - When Jesus Was Unwanted , United States 1995, animated series
- The Bible Live - Matthäus , South Africa 1997, directed by Regardt van den Bergh
- The Bible Live - Acts of the Apostles , South Africa 1997, directed by Regardt van den Bergh
- The Easter Wonder , Cartoon, UK 1997, directed by Jimmy T. Murakami
- Paul: The Emissary , USA 1997, directed by Robert Marcarelli
- Mary - The Holy Mother of God , USA 1999, Kevin Connor
- Stigmata , USA 1999, Rupert Wainwright
- The Man of 1000 Miracles , UK 1999, Stanislav Sokolov and Derek Hayes
- The Gospel of John , USA 2003, Philip Saville
- The Light of the World , 2003, Jack T. Chick
- The Passion of the Christ , USA 2004, Mel Gibson
- Judas and Jesus , USA 2004, Charles Robert Carner
- Petrus - The true story , Italy 2005, Giulio Base
- But it came to pass at the time ... , USA 2006, Catherine Hardwicke
- Apostle Peter and the Last Supper , USA 2012, Gabriel Sabloff
- Her name was Maria , Italy / Germany 2012, Giacomo Campiotti
- The Making of Jesus Christ , documentary essay, Switzerland 2013, Luke Gasser
- Son of God , USA 2014, Christopher Spencer
- The young Messiah , USA 2015, Cyrus Nowrasteh
- 40 days in the desert , USA 2015, Rodrigo García
- Risen , USA 2016, Kevin Reynolds
- Maria Magdalena , USA 2018, Garth Davis
- The First Temptation of Christ , Religionsatire, Brazil 2019, Rodrigo van der Put
"The Bible" of the Kirch group
Between 1993 and 2002, under the title "The Bible", an attempt was made in a series of 13 television films to find a cinematic implementation for all important people and events in the Bible. This Kirch group project was completed in 2003 with the broadcast of the last part; The film Petrus - The True Story from 2005 followed loosely. The series was broadcast in 67 countries. The individual films are:
- The Bible - Genesis , 1994, directed by Ermanno Olmi
- The Bible - Abraham , 1994, Joseph Sargent
- The Bible - Jacob , 1994, Peter Hall
- The Bible - Joseph , 1995, Roger Young (the film won an Emmy )
- The Bible - Moses , 1996, Roger Young
- The Bible - Samson and Delilah , 1996, Nicolas Roeg
- The Bible - David , 1997, Robert Markowitz
- The Bible - Solomon , 1997, Roger Young
- The Bible - Jeremiah , 1998, Harry Winer
- The Bible - Esther , 1999, Raffaele Mertes
- The Bible - Jesus , 1999, Roger Young
- The Bible - Paul , 2000, Roger Young
- The Bible - Apocalypse , 2002, Raffaele Mertes
In 2001, directed by Raffaele Mertes, the four-part spin-off series “Jesus Legends” was created, which until now has only been broadcast on ORF in German-speaking countries . However, this series is only partly based on Scripture; the scripts by Gareth Jones and Gianmario Pagano expand the storyline significantly.
History channel's "The Bible" series
In 2013, The Bible broadcast a ten-part miniseries. The focus is on the most important episodes of the Bible. The representation begins with Genesis and extends to the Acts of the Apostles . The series was shown in Germany from April 17, 2014. The film Son of God was released in 2014 as a release of the series .
literature
- Richard Campbell, Michael Pitts: The Bible on Film . A Checklist 1897-1980. The Scarecrew Press, Metuchen 1981.
- Bruce Babington, Peter William Evans: Biblical Epics: Sacred Narrative in the Hollywood Cinema . Manchester University Press, Manchester 1993.
- Peter Hasenberg (Ed.): Traces of the Religious in Film. Milestones from 100 years of cinema history . Catholic Institute for Media Information (KIM) / Matthias-Grünewald-Verlag, Cologne / Mainz 1995, ISBN 3-7867-1827-X .
- Erin Runions: How Hysterical. Identification and Resistance in the Bible and Film . Palgrave Macmillan, London 2003.
Web links
- Bible film . In: Lexicon of film terms , Bender Verlag.
- Udo Wallraf: Bible in Film. Aspects of an Approach . In: Erzbistum-Koeln.de , 2001 (last changed on November 20, 2009; PDF, 51 kB).
- Bible films. A selection from the rental program of the media center of the Archdiocese of Cologne . In: Erzbistum-Koeln.de , 2006 (last changed on June 3, 2009; PDF, 264 kB).
- Manfred Tiemann: Bibelfilme (AT). In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (Eds.): The Scientific Biblical Lexicon on the Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff.