List of heads of state 1497

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Africa

( Abdalwadiden ) (in what is now western Algeria, capital Tlemcen )
- Sultan : Abu Abdallah Muhammad VII (1469–1504)

Adal
- Sultan: Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din (1488-1518)

Egypt ( Burjiyya dynasty )
- Sultan : Al-Nasir Muhammad IV (1496–1498)

Ethiopia
- Emperor (Negus Negest) : Na'od I. (1494–1508)

Bornu (in present-day Niger ) Sefuwa dynasty
- King / May: Ali Gazi (1465–1497)
- King / May: Idris II. (1497-1515)

Ifriqiya (East Algeria, Tunisia) ( Hafsiden )
- Caliph : Muhammad V (1493-1526)

Jolof (in what is now Senegal )
- Buur-ba Jolof : Bukaar Biye-Sungule (1492-1527)

Kano
- Emir: Muhammad Rumfa (1463-1499)

Congo
- Mani-Congo : Nzinga á Nkuwu (João I) (1470–1509)

Morocco ( Wattasids )
- Sultan : Muhammad al-Sheikh al-Mahdi (1465–1505)

Munhumutapa Empire
- Ruler : Kakuyo Komunyaka (1494 – around 1530)

Songhaeich (in West Africa)
- Ruler : Mohommed Ture the Great (1493–1528)

America

Aztec Empire
- Tlatoani : Auítzotl (1486–1502)

Hispaniola
- Spanish governor Christopher Columbus (1492–1500)

Inca Empire
- King : Huayna Cápac (1493–1527)

Asia

China ( Ming Dynasty )
- Emperor : Hongzhi (1487–1505)

Japan
- Emperor : Go-Tsuchimikado (1464–1500)
- Shogun Ashikaga : Ashikaga Yoshizumi (1494–1508)

Korea ( Joseon Dynasty )
- King : Yeonsangun (1494–1506)

Persia
- Sultan ( Timurid dynasty): Husain Bayqara (1469–1501)

Thailand
- King : Rama Thibodi II (1491–1529)

Europe

Andorra
- Co-princes :
  - Queen of Navarre : Catherine of Navarre (1483–1517)
  - Bishop of Urgell : Pere de Cardona (1472–1515)

Denmark
- King : John I (1481–1513)

Teutonic Order State
- Grand Master : Johann von Tiefen (1489–1497)

England
- King : Henry VII (1485–1509)

France
- King : Charles VIII (1483–1498)

Holy Roman Empire
- King : Maximilian I (1468–1519) ( emperor from 1508 )
- Electorates
  - Archbishopric of Cologne
    - Archbishop : Hermann IV of Hesse (1480–1508) (1473–1480 administrator)
  - Archbishopric Mainz
    - Archbishop : Berthold von Henneberg (1484–1504)
  - Archbishopric Trier
    - Archbishop : Johann II of Baden (1456–1503)
  - Bohemia
    - King : Vladislav II (1471–1516) (1490–1516 King of Hungary)
  - Brandenburg
    - Margrave : Johann Cicero (1486–1499) (1473–1486 regent)
  - Electoral Palatinate
    - Count Palatine : Philip the Sincere ( 1449–1451 , 1476–1508)
  - Saxony ( Ernestiner )
    - Elector : Friedrich III. the wise (1486-1525)
- spiritual principalities
  - Hochstift Augsburg
    - Bishop : Friedrich II. Von Zollern (1486–1505)
  - Bamberg Monastery
    - Bishop : Heinrich III. Groß von Trockau (1487–1501)
  - Hochstift Basel
    - Bishop : Kaspar zu Rhein (1479–1502)
  - Brandenburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Joachim I. von Bredow (1485–1507)
  - Archbishopric Bremen
    - Archbishop : Johann III. Rode von Wale (1497–1511)
  - Brixen monastery
    - Bishop : Melchior von Meckau (1488–1509)
  - Hochstift Cammin
    - Bishop : Benedikt von Waldstein (1485–1498)
  - Chiemsee Abbey
    - Bishop : Ludwig Ebmer (1495–1502)
  - Chur Monastery
    - Bishop : Heinrich V. von Hewen (1491–1505)
  - Eichstätt Monastery
    - Bishop : Gabriel von Eyb (1496–1535)
  - Hochstift Freising
    - Administrator : Ruprecht von der Pfalz (1496–1498)
    - Administrator: Philipp von der Pfalz (1497–1499) (1499–1541 Bishop of Freising, 1517–1541 Administrator of Naumburg)
  - Geneva Monastery
    - Bishop : Philip of Savoy (1495–1509)
    - Administrator: Domenico della Rovere (1496–1497)
    - Administrator: Aymon de Montfalcon (1497–1509) (1491–1517 Bishop of Lausanne)
  - Hochstift Gurk
    - Bishop : Raimund Peraudi (1491–1505)
  - Halberstadt Monastery
    - Administrator : Ernst II of Saxony (1479–1513) (1476–1513 Archbishop of Magdeburg)
  - Hochstift Havelberg
    - Bishop : Otto II von Königsmarck (1494–1501)
  - Hildesheim Monastery
    - Bishop : Berthold II. Von Landsberg (1481–1502) (1470–1481 Bishop of Verden, 1481–1502 administrator of Verden)
  - Constance monastery
    - Bishop : Hugo von Hohenlandenberg (1496–1530, 1531–1532 )
  - Lausanne bishopric
    - Bishop : Aymon de Montfalcon (1491–1517) (1497–1509 administrator of Geneva)
  - Lavant Monastery
    - Bishop : Erhard Paumgartner (1487–1508)
  - Lübeck bishopric
    - Bishop : Dietrich II. Arndes (1492–1506)
  - Liège Monastery
    - Bishop : Johann IX. von Hoorn (1483–1505)
  - Archbishopric Magdeburg
    - Archbishop : Ernst of Saxony (1476–1513) (1479–1513 administrator of Halberstadt)
  - Meissen Abbey
    - Bishop : John VI. von Saalhausen (1487–1518)
  - Merseburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Thilo von Trotha (1466–1514)
  - Metz bishopric
    - Bishop : Henry II of Lorraine-Vaudemont (1484–1505)
  - Hochstift Minden
    - Bishop : Heinrich III. von Schauenburg (1473–1508)
  - Monastery of Münster
    - Bishop : Konrad II of Rietberg (1497–1508) (1482–1508 Bishop of Osnabrück)
  - Naumburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Johann III. von Schönberg (1492–1517)
  - Osnabrück Monastery
    - Bishop : Conrad IV of Rietberg (1482–1508) (1497–1508 Bishop of Münster)
  - Paderborn Monastery
    - Bishop : Simon III. zur Lippe (1463–1498)
  - Passau bishopric
    - Bishop : Christoph von Schachner (1490–1500)
  - Ratzeburg Monastery
    - Bishop : John of Parkentin (1479–1511)
  - Regensburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Ruprecht II of Pfalz-Simmern (1492–1507)
  - Archbishopric Salzburg
    - Archbishop : Leonhard von Keutschach (1495–1519)
  - Schwerin Monastery
    - Bishop : Konrad Loste (1482–1503)
  - Seckau monastery
    - Bishop : Matthias Scheit (1481–1502, 1508–1512 )
  - Hochstift Sitten
    - Bishop : Nicolas Schiner (1496–1499)
  - Speyer Monastery
    - Bishop : Ludwig von Helmstatt (1478–1504)
  - Strasbourg Monastery
    - Bishop : Albrecht von Pfalz-Mosbach (1478–1506)
  - Toul Monastery
    - Bishop : Ulrich von Blankenberg (1495–1506)
  - Hochstift Trento
    - Bishop : Ulrich IV. Of Liechtenstein (1493–1505)
  - Utrecht Monastery
    - Bishop : Friedrich IV. Of Baden (1496–1516)
  - Verden Monastery
    - Administrator : Berthold von Landsberg (1481–1502) (1481–1502 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1470–1481 Bishop of Verden)
  - Verdun Monastery
    - Bishop : Guillaume de Haraucourt (1457–1500)
  - Hochstift Worms
    - Bishop : Johann III. von Dalberg (1482–1503)
  - Würzburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Lorenz von Bibra (1495–1519)
- secular principalities
  - to bathe
    - Margrave : Christoph I (1475–1515)
  - Bavaria
    - Bayern Munich
      - Duke : Albrecht IV. (1465–1508)
    - Bavaria-Landshut
      - Duke : George the Rich (1479–1503)
  - Hesse
    - Landgrave : Wilhelm II. (1493–1567)
  - Mecklenburg
    - Duke : Magnus II (1477–1503)
  - Ortenburg
    - Count : Wolfgang I. (1490–1519)
  - Württemberg
    - Duke : Ulrich (1495–1550)

Italian states
- Ferrara, Modena and Reggio
  - Duke : Ercole I. d'Este (1471–1505)
- Florence (nominally republic)
  - Girolamo Savonarola (1494–1498) (de facto ruler)
- Genoa (1488–1499 Signoria of Sforza)
  - Signore: Ludovico Sforza (1494–1499)
- Papal States
  - Pope : Alexander VI. (1492–1503)
- Milan
  - Duke : Ludovico Sforza (1494–1499)
- Mantua
  - Margrave : Gianfrancesco II. Gonzaga (1484–1519)
- Montferrat
  - Margrave : Wilhelm XI. (1494-1518)
- Naples
  - King : Friedrich I (1496–1500)
- Rimini
  - Lord : Pandolfo IV. Malatesta (1482–1528)
- Saluzzo
  - Margrave : Ludwig II. (1475–1504)
- San Marino
  - Capitani Reggenti: Cristofaro di Cecco di Vita , Bonifazio di Andrea (1496–1497)
  - Capitani Reggenti: Antonio di Bianco , Andrea di Giorgio Loli (1497)
  - Capitani Reggenti: Matteo Tura , Antonio di Bartolomeo (1497–1498)
- Savoy
  - Duke : Philip II (1496–1497)
  - Duke: Philibert II (1497–1504)
- Sicily (1412–1713 to Aragon or Spain )
  - King : Ferdinand II (1479–1516)
    - Viceroy : Juan III.de Lanuza (1495–1507)
- Urbino
  - Duke : Guidobaldo I da Montefeltro (1482–1508)
- Venice
  - Doge : Agostin Barbarigo (1486–1501)

Moldova
- Prince : Ștefan cel Mare (1457–1504)

Monaco
- Seigneur : Jean II (1494–1505)

Norway
- King : John I (1481–1513)

Ottoman Empire
- Sultan : Bayezid II (1481-1512)

Poland
- King : John I (1492–1501)

Portugal
- King : Manuel I (1495–1521)

Russia
- Grand Duke : Ivan III. (1462-1510)

Scotland
- King : Jacob IV (1488–1513)

Sweden
- Reichsverweser : Sten Sture the Elder (1470–1497)
- King : John I (1497–1501)

Spanish states
- Aragon
  - King : Ferdinand II. (1479–1516) (1474–1504 King of Castile, 1506–1516 Regent of Castile, 1512–1516 King of Navarre, 1504–1516 King of Naples)
- Castile
  - Queen : Isabella I (1474–1504)
  - King: Ferdinand II of Aragón (1474–1504) (de iure uxoris) (1506–1516 regent of Castile, 1479–1516 king of Aragon and Sicily, 1512–1516 king of Navarre, 1504–1516 king of Naples)
- Navarre
  - Queen : Catherine (1483–1517)
  - King: Johann III. (1484–1516) (de iure uxoris)

Hungary
- King : Ulászló, II. (1490–1516) (1471–1516 King of Bohemia)

Wallachia
- Prince : Radu cel Mare (1495–1508)

Zeta
- Prince : Stefan II. Crnojević (1496–1498)