Jívová

Jívová
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Olomoucký kraj
District :	Olomouc
Area :	1528 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 43 '  N , 17 ° 24'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 42 '42 "  N , 17 ° 23' 57"  E
Height:	561  m nm
Residents :	591 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	783 98
License plate :	M.
traffic
Street:	Dolany - Moravský Beroun
Railway connection:	Olomouc – Opava východ
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Milada Malíková (as of 2011)
Address:	Jívová 69 783 16 Dolany u Olomouce
Municipality number:	503142
Website :	www.obecjivova.cz

Jívová (German Giebau ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located seven kilometers east of Šternberk and belongs to the Okres Olomouc .

geography

Jívová is located in the Domašovská vrchovina ( Domstadtler Uplands ) belonging to the Lower Jeseníky Mountains . The village extends along the stream Jívovský potok in the highlands between the valleys of the Trusovický potok and the Bystřice . Three kilometers to the east is the Magdalenský Mlýn ( Magdalene Mill ) on the Olomouc – Opava východ railway line, the Jívová railway station . To the north rise the Skalice (616 m) and the Hraničný (636 m), in the northeast the Baba (639 m) and Strážiště (639 m), to the east the Kupa (608 m) and the Mlýnský vrch (574 m), in the south the Jedlina (616 m) and the Jedová (633 m) as well as the Koruna (573 m) to the west.

Neighboring towns are Těšíkovský Mlyn and hraničné petrovice in the north, Domašov nad Bystřicí and the deserted village of Bela in the Northeast, Panský Mlýn, Magdalenský Mlyn and the deserted village Smilov the east, Smilovský Mlyn in the southeast, Hrubá Voda , Stary Mlyn and Pohořany in the south, Bělkovice and Lašťany in the south-west, Domašov u Šternberka , Na Mlýnku and Šternberk in the west and Stachov and Těšíkov in the north-west.

history

The first written message about the Gywowska cesta trade route leading from Olomouc to the Opava province came from a document dated September 9, 1220 by Margrave Vladislav Heinrich , which turned out to be a forgery from the 14th century. In it, the margrave allegedly decided in a dispute between the subjects of his wife Hedwig in Lužice and the Hradisko monastery about the forest between Lašťany and the mountains. In 1269 the Gywowska czesta was named in a border dispute settled by Ottokar II Přemysl over the forests near Domašov u Šternberka between the Olomouc burgrave Albert von Sternberg and his brothers with the Hradisko monastery as the border of goods. It can therefore be assumed that the village of Gywow already existed at that time and must have belonged to the monastery property. In connection with the transfer of the Rotiberg estate to the Olomouc bishopric and the construction of the margravial castle Twingenberg , the place was not mentioned.

The first documentary evidence of Gibaw was made on January 26, 1364 together with other villages from the near and far area in a document on the collection of interest to maintain the March bridge under the Olomouc castle, which was sold in December 1363 by Margrave Johann Heinrich to the city of Olomouc . Gibaw had to pay the highest amount with 18 groschen. By comparing it with other places subject to bridging charges , it can be concluded that Gibaw was the largest village far and wide with 36 hubs and around 45 farms at that time. In 1371 Gywowa was first designated as a sovereign estate. In 1405 the Margraves Jobst and Prokop Dibaw donated the Carthusian monastery "Vallis Josaphat" in Dolany . The village became extinct during the Hussite Wars and was described as desolate from 1437 onwards.

After more than 100 years, the prior of the Olomouc Charterhouse, which was built around 1443, had the extinct village of Giba or Güban repopulated in 1543 by German and Czech settlers from Domstadtl , Weska, Dolany and Krakořice. The new settlers were exempt from labor and taxes for four years and also received water rights in the Feistritz . The Charterhouse only kept the building sites for a church, school, hospital, board saw, butcher's shop and a brewery, the assignment of which to the community was assured. The place received its own seal, which bore the inscription S Gibovy Cartvsiensum next to the year 1543 . From 1571 the village was called Gibe . Within a short time, Jívová or Jívové grew to 46 Huben with 55 properties. On May 22, 1581, Emperor Rudolf II made the town a town. Here was Gibav the right to hold two annual fairs and a weekly market and to seal with green wax and leading a coat of arms. This showed a golden moon and star on a blue field in the left half of the shield and three green hills with a green oak on the right side in a red field. The new seal showed the coat of arms and the inscription SIGIL DER STAT GIBAV . In the same year, the prior Kaspar approved the construction of its own brewery. On July 15, 1581, the Carthusian monastery left nine more Hufen farmland on the Köhlenberg ( Uhlířský vrch ). In 1582 the prior Thomas gave the town Gibaw a place in the floodplain at Jívovský potok for the construction of the interest-free floodplain mill ( Nivský mlýn ). Other forms of name were Jívová (from 1627), Giebau (from 1669), Gibau (from 1751), Gibavia (1771), Gübau and Gibawa (from 1798). Since 1616, the bakers and millers formed a joint guild. After the class uprising of 1618, the subjects from Giebau unsuccessfully requested the establishment of a Protestant parish. In 1634 an administration of the Sternberg Augustinian Canons' monastery was established in Jívová and registers were kept. After the Thirty Years War, Giebau became German-speaking. A Catholic rectory has existed in Giebau since 1660, and the village of Pohorsch belonged to its district. In 1663, Prior Valentin Martini granted the town a free wine bar. The Herrenmühle on the Feistritz has been traceable since 1663 and the first school since 1672. In 1687 the church acquired a portrait of the Sorrowful Virgin Mary from the pilgrimage church of Czestochowa . This found its place in the new parish church of St. Bartholomew. The decision to build the new Kaiserstrasse, which had been pending since 1752, was decided in 1755 in favor of the route via Šternberk , so the town lost its importance. In 1782 the Olomouc Charterhouse was abolished and Giebau was assigned to the religious fund. After that, the Dolany dominion was merged with the estates of the former Hradisko monastery to form the Hradisch cameraman . On August 7, 1808, a city fire reduced Giebau to rubble and ashes. In 1825 the Dolany estate was sold to Count Philip Ludwig Saint-Genois d'Aneaucourt. In the following year, the two-class school lessons were started. In 1834 Giebau consisted of 190 houses and had 1389 inhabitants. In 1836 a cholera epidemic broke out. In 1847 Giebau was given the privilege to hold two more annual fairs. The residents lived from retail trade, weaving, flax spinning and woodwork. Because of the altitude and the stony soil, on which only oats thrive, agriculture played only a minor role. Until the middle of the 19th century, the place was always subject to the Dolany rule.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Giebau / Jibava from 1850, a market town in the district administration Sternberg . The weavers' guild reached its highest membership in 1855. A new school building was inaugurated in 1862. The town fire of 1863 destroyed 40 houses. Jívavá was used as the Czech name from 1867 and Jivová in parallel since the 1870s . With 1966 inhabitants, Giebau had the highest number of inhabitants in its history in 1869. After the railway from Olomouc to Troppau along the Feistritz was completed in 1872 , the community tried for a long time to build a train station. In 1873 the first steam threshing machine was put into operation. Along with the Klášterní Hradisko estate , the Giebauer forests were also sold to the princes of Liechtenstein in 1878 and attached to their Sternberg rule. The volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1886. Two years later, a local branch of the Federation of Germans was established in North Moravia. In 1899 the construction of the new road to Sternberg was completed. The local group of the Social Democratic Workers' Party was formed in 1900. The Giebau train station was built in 1908 at the Herrenmühle in Feistritztal. In 1911 the furniture factory Gromes-Baier & Co. was founded. In the following year, the Catholic Volksbund inaugurated the newly built Catholic House . Rudolf Wanzl founded a locksmith's shop in 1918, which he later expanded into a scale manufacturing company and agricultural machinery business with 20 employees. After the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Giebau belonged to the Sudetenland province from October 29, 1918, and was assigned to Czechoslovakia in 1919 . In 1919 Giebau was connected to the electricity network. In the elections of 1919, the German Social Democrats (DSAP) won in Giebau . In 1923 the Czech place name Jívová was introduced. In 1930 the Giebau market had 1553 inhabitants, in 1939 there were 1534. In 1933 a local group of the Sudeten German Home Front was formed and two years later the Sudeten German Party (SdP) won the parliamentary elections in Giebau . In March 1938, with the exception of the DSAP, the German parties joined the SdP.

After the Munich Agreement , Giebau was added to the German Reich on October 8, 1938 and assigned to the district of Sternberg . On May 5, 1945, the Red Army took Giebau. After the end of World War II, the community returned to Czechoslovakia and the German residents were expelled to Bavaria in 1946 .

In 1949 the first agricultural unit cooperative (JZD) was founded in Jívová in Okres Šternberk. The furniture factory stopped production in 1952. The gym was converted into a cultural center in 1960. After the Okres Šternberk was abolished, the municipality came to Okres Olomouc in 1961. 1985 saw the first official visit by expellees from the Federal Republic of Germany. Two years later, construction began on a group waterworks. In 1991 the new rectory was consecrated.

Community structure

No districts are shown for the municipality of Jívová. Jívová to include the settlement of Panský Mlýn ( Herrenmühle ).

Attractions

• Baroque Church of St. Bartholomew, built 1717–1720. The church building with 4,000 seats was completed in 1723 with altarpieces and 14 wall and vault frescoes of the stations of Christ by Johann Christoph Handke . Because of the Czestochowa Madonna , the church was a popular pilgrimage destination. In 1987 it was renovated and placed under monument protection again.
• City Hall, the single-storey building with a square bell tower, was built in the 18th century. It got its present form during the renovation at the end of the 19th century
• Statue of St. Florian with side figures of hll. John of God and John of Nepomuk from 1867. It was moved to the state property in 1945 and returned to its old place in front of house no. 13 in the center of the village in 1991, where it was consecrated by Archbishop František Vaňák .
• Crucifixion group from 1836, probably created by Bernhard Kutzer .
• Stone cross in the shape of a shamrock with Corpus Christi, in the middle of the cemetery, created in 1840
• Remains of the castle Tepenec ( Karlsburg or Twingenberg ), west of the place above the confluence of the Jívovský potok in the Trusovický potok. After Margrave Karl had acquired the Rotiberg mountain from Bishop Jan Volek in 1340 , he had a margravial castle built there. It was destroyed at the end of the 14th century during the Moravian Fratricidal War. Philipp Ludwig Count Saint-Genois ď Aneaucourt had an obelisk called the Philip's pyramid erected on the Tepenec in 1825 and next to it erected the Johanna Temple , a replica of an ancient temple, named after his wife . Almost the entire mountain was dismantled by the quarry on Tepenec in the 19th century, so that only remnants of the fortifications of the castle remain.
• Údolí Bystřice Nature Park
• Nature reserve Hrubovodské sutě, east of the village on the right bank of the Bystřice between the train stations Jívová and Hrubá Voda

Sons and daughters of the church

• Florian Kratschmer von Forstburg (1843–1922), Austrian hygienist
• Rudolf Wanzl (1924–2011), German entrepreneur

literature

• Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate of Moravia, described topographically, statistically and historically. Volume 5: Olomouc Circle. Self-published, Brno 1839, p. 426 ff.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/503142/Jivova
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ http://genealogy.euweb.cz/sternbg/sternbg2.html Genealogy Albert and his descendants
4. ↑ http://genealogy.euweb.cz/sternbg/sternbg1.html Genealogy Albert Brothers
5. ↑ Místopisný rejstřík obcí českého Slezska a severní Moravy (p. 234) ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.2 MB)