Nicholas pit

Nicholas pit
General information about the mine
Nicholas pit around 1900
Mining technology	Civil engineering
Information about the mining company
Start of operation	1854
End of operation	1911
Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Lead , zinc
Geographical location
Coordinates	50 ° 54 '54.2 "  N , 7 ° 20' 56.5"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 54 '54.2 "  N , 7 ° 20' 56.5"  E
Location of the Nikolaus pit
Location	Naafbachtal
local community	Overath
( NUTS3 )	Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Bensberg ore district

The Nikolaus mine is a former non-ferrous metal ore mine in the Bensberg ore district . The site is a district of Marialinden in the town of Overath in the Rheinisch-Bergisches Kreis in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany .

Location and description

The district of Grube Nikolaus with a few single houses is located in the upper Naafbachtal directly on the state road 312, which connects the center of Overath with Much . It connects to the districts of Fischermühle and Niedergrützenbach and naturally belongs to the Marialinder Riedelland . Rare animals and plants live in the wetlands . Apart from an old half-timbered building, hardly anything has been preserved from the abandoned mine Nikolaus. Experts may be able to classify special mineral traces that point to earlier mining activities.

history

The mining industry

At the beginning of the 19th century it became technically possible to turn zinc ore into high-quality metal. As a result, a real zinc rush developed in the entire ore district of Bensberg in the middle of the 19th century. Everywhere they looked for suitable deposits and found one in the vicinity of Fischermühle. In 1854, this led to the Louis Mutung , which was awarded to St Nicholas on April 18, 1858 . Was built on the Onyx-course of the pit Phoenix , which continued further south. It was first reached via a 150 m long tunnel that started in the Naafbachtal . In addition, a shaft was sunk further north . Most recently it had a depth of approx. 270 m below the Naafbach valley level with nine underground levels . In 1879 the Nikolaus mine was consolidated with the Phönix mine to form the Nikolaus-Phönix mine . The entire operation was closed in 1911. 200 miners lost their jobs, a severe blow for the rural area.

Nicholas pit No. 5

The local history

From the Prussian new admission of 1896, the living space is recorded on measuring table sheets as the Nicolaus pit with several buildings and a mine symbol. From the 1957 edition, the spelling changed to Grube Nikolaus , in the following editions the status as an abandoned mine and the ores that were previously mined are shown with the inscription former Grube Nikolaus lead zinc .

In the municipality lexicon for the Rhineland province of 1896, three houses with 24 inhabitants are given for the residential area of Grube Nikolaus . At that time the place belonged to the Catholic parish of Marialinden, in 1905 three houses and 38 residents are given.

Old processing building of the Nikolaus mine

A house numbering cadastre from 1907 registers five houses owned by the Altenberggesellschaft for Grube Nikolaus . One building then housed the mining company's processing office , while the other houses are listed as residents: Friedrich Ansorge, Johann Hoffstadt, Andreas Ludwig and Peter Pollerhof.

literature

• Claudia Maria Arndt (ed.): Von Wasserkunst and Pingen, ore mining in the Rhein-Sieg district, Rheinlandia Verlag, Siegburg 2005, ISBN 3-935005-95-4

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Mineral Atlas - Fossil Atlas
2. ↑ Günter Benz: Bergbau in der Gemeinde Much , second revised edition, Bruchhausen 2014, p. 128f.
3. ↑ Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Prussia) (Ed.): Community encyclopedia for the Rhineland Province, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1895 and other official sources, (Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume XII), Berlin 1897.
4. ↑ Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Prussia) (Ed.): Community encyclopedia for the Rhineland Province, based on the materials of the census of December 1, 1905 and other official sources, (Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia, Volume XII), Berlin 1909.
5. ^ Berthold Gladbach, Peter Lückerath: The Overather population in lists of names, taxes and residents from the 15th to the 20th century, p. 362. Ed .: Geschichtsverein Rhein-Berg, Bergisch Gladbach 2016. ISBN 978-3-932326-75 -2

Web links

Commons : Grube Nikolaus  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Homepage of the Bochum mining archive