Heiligenhaus (Overath)

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Location of Heiligenhaus

Heiligenhaus is a district of Overath in the Rheinisch-Bergisches Kreis in the south of North Rhine-Westphalia with around 3,000 inhabitants. It is located on the Heiligenhauser Berg (the watershed between Agger and Sülz ) - between the districts of Overath and Steinenbrück . In the south it borders on the area of ​​the city of Rösrath . From a natural perspective, the area is part of the Sülz plateau .

history

Heiligenhaus was built at the intersection of an old trade route that leads from Siegburg via Heiligenhaus and Hohkeppel , and Brüderstraße , today Olper Straße and B 55, which leads from Cologne to Siegen and was first mentioned in 1386.

Chapel from the 19th century, in the background the Church of St. Roch

A small chapel (the Heiligenhüschen ) for Saint Roch was built at the intersection . Hence the name Heiligenhaus. In the 19th century the chapel became too small and the location at the intersection was impractical. A new chapel was built, which is still standing today and is a landmark of Heiligenhaus.

Heiligenhaus is particularly popular with young families thanks to the new development areas in Wiedenhof and Birken .

school

Until 1847, children of Heiligenhaus were given the opportunity to attend school in the Catholic elementary school in Mittelbech , which was founded in the early 19th century , then the school was relocated to Heiligenhaus. First she moved into the one hundred square meter and two meter high dance hall of the Wilh restaurant. Bosbach. In 1892 the community built a school building with a classroom and a teacher's apartment next to the Rochus Chapel. In 1922 electric lights were installed here. In 1937 a second classroom was added. In 1948, when the number of children had risen sharply as a result of the Second World War , mainly due to the influx of bombs damaged by bombs, refugees and displaced persons, a third classroom was needed.

The school building from 1892 with the Schmitz family of teachers

Although the Prussian authorities had already announced compulsory schooling in 1825 , for a long time afterwards only those children could attend school who were not needed by their families to work in agriculture and who could or wanted to raise the low school fees.

The school chronicle shows how much the Heiligenhaus school was shaped by the respective political environment. During the imperial era, for example, there was still a spirit of submission , hurray patriotism and, not infrequently, the cane . From 1917 onwards, teachers were employed as auxiliary workers in the war economy . In 1918, teacher Christoph Schmitz received the Cross of Merit for War Aid for his tireless efforts .

In 1923, students took part in the so-called Overath Potato War . They support local farmers against the onslaught of entire train loads of Cologne hamsterers and looters who, in times of great need, dig up potatoes from Overather fields with violence and steal other food.

During the Great Depression , half of the school leavers by 1930 went into unemployment.

After the seizure of power , there was increasing Nazi indoctrination . From August 1937 on, priests were no longer allowed to give religious instruction in schools. Parents were pressured to send their children to the Hitler Youth . Teacher Röttgen from Mittelbech, who had also taught in Heiligenhaus for a while, was dismissed because he was married to a Jewish woman. Lessons were often canceled because soldiers were billeted in the school. The boys in the upper class were used to fight forest fires after bombs were dropped . The last entry in this school chronicle dates from September 1944. By the end of the war, classes were largely canceled.

Today there is an open all-day elementary school in Heiligenhaus

Mining

Lüderich mine around 1897. Detail of a watercolor by Wilhelm Scheiner

Before mining began on non-ferrous metal ores in Heiligenhaus and Umgebung in the middle of the 19th century , most of the people of Heiligenhaus earned their living in and with agriculture. With mining, the pure natural landscape here changed towards an industrial landscape. New jobs and professions were created. Most of the jobs that became accessible to Heiligenhauser were created in the Lüderich mine in Steinenbrück, others in the Fresenius , Fresenius I , Gotthardt , Heiligenthal and Petersberg mines . When the Lüderich mine was closed until 1932 during the financial crisis in 1930, many families in Heiligenhaus got into trouble.

Hiking trails

In addition to some other hiking trails, the Way of St. James leads to Santiago de Compostela coming from Marburg with the next stage destination Cologne through Heiligenhaus. In the other direction, the Elisabethpfad leads , a pilgrimage route coming from Cologne towards Marburg.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ St.-Rochus-Heiligenhaus on the website of local researcher Willi Fritzen
  2. ↑ Hartwig Soicke: Overath, First World War and Crisis Years (1914–1923) . Edited by Bergischer Geschichtsverein Overath eV, Verlag Bücken & Sulzer, Overath 2017, ISBN 978-3-947438006 , pp. 206f
  3. ↑ Gottfried Laudenberg: Historical development of the school system in Heiligenhaus in: ACHERA / contributions to the history of the community Overath , volume 3, p. 50 ff. Hrsg. Geschichtsverein Overath 1984.
  4. ↑ Gottfried Laudenberg: ACHERA episode 4, p. 48
  5. ^ Website of the open all-day primary school in Heiligenhaus
  6. ^ Theodor Rutt: Overath / History of the community , Rheinland Verlag GmbH, Cologne 1980, p. 202.
  7. ↑ Jakobswege - Ways of the Jakobspilger in Rhineland and Westphalia, Volume 5 ( Memento from August 17th, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ Jakobsweg Marburg - Cologne, stage 7 at www.fernwege.de
  9. ↑ Elisabethpfade e. V. www.elisabethpfad.de

Web links

Commons : Heiligenhaus  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 50 ° 56 '  N , 7 ° 15'  E