La Bégude-de-Mazenc

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La Bégude-de-Mazenc
La Bégude-de-Mazenc (France)
La Bégude-de-Mazenc
region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Department Drôme
Arrondissement Nyons
Canton Dieulefit
Community association Dieulefit-Bourdeaux
Coordinates 44 ° 33 '  N , 4 ° 56'  E Coordinates: 44 ° 33 '  N , 4 ° 56'  E
height 158-481 m
surface 23.62 km 2
Residents 1,656 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 70 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 26160
INSEE code 26045
Website la-begude-de-mazenc.fr

View of La-Bégude-de-Mazenc.

La Bégude-de-Mazenc is a French commune with 1,656 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Drome region, in the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes ; it belongs to the canton of Dieulefit in the arrondissement of Nyons .

geography

La Bégude-de-Mazenc is located at an average altitude of 220 meters above sea ​​level in the south of the Drôme department, 12 kilometers west of Dieulefit and 16 kilometers east of Montélimar . The closest towns are Souspierre , Portes-en-Valdaine , La Bâtie-Rolland , Salettes and Charols .

history

The name of the place is derived from endroit où l'on boit ( Latin : bevutam , Provencal : begusta , begudo , in German: Where to drink ... ), the inhabitants call themselves les Bégudiens or les Bégudiennes .

View from the south

It was on the north-south road that connected Provence with the major cities of the north such as Dauphiné and Geneva , was formerly a fortification of the Maltese - Coming from Le Poët-Laval and was largely destroyed in 1320. At its origins, Châteauneuf-de-Mazenc Castle was the actual core of the town and property of the Counts and Dukes of Valentinois. In later centuries this fell through purchases, inheritance or marriage to various branches of the family, such as the Poitiers at Vesc, later to the d'Yse de Rosans family from Grenoble and finally in 1665/1769 to De Ravel ( Les Crottes ) Dauphiné , who also belonged to them Took up residence at the château.

Today's Bégude was originally a hamlet belonging to Chateauneuf-de-Mazenc on the banks of the Jabron and the intersection of the north-south road with the Dieulefit-Montélimar road. The oldest documented mention as Las Begurs comes from the year 1528. Due to its location and the industry (mills, tanneries, inn) that settled there, the place became increasingly important. The farmland was also good and the water resources were safe in the long hot summers. Sheep breeding, the handicrafts of cloth makers and dyers soon joined. Since the demand was declining due to inferior quality and increasing demands, the planting of mulberry trees and silk worms began in the 17th century . In the 18th century the hamlet of Bégude began to grow steadily.

In the revolutionary year of 1790, Châteauneuf-de-Mazenc briefly became the main seat and court of justice in the region, but it lost these rights to Dieulefit as early as 1800 as part of the reorganization of the administrative structure. In the 19th century, La Bégude-de-Mazenc also saw an increasing rural exodus. This led to the fact that Bégude became the main town from 1894 and the old place name Châteauneuf-de-Mazenc was changed to La Bégude-de-Mazenc .

Population development

year 1911 1962 1968 1975 1990 1999 2006 2016
Residents 1,348 1,029 980 904 1021 1053 1395 1670

Attractions

  • Medieval townscape: La-Bégude-de-Mazenc with its winding streets, passageways and steep alleys and dominated by the belfry of the former castle has retained the charm of the Middle Ages to this day. There are currently remains of the walls and the castle ruins. Three goals once granted access: the New Gate in the north, the Kirchtor in the south near the St. Peter's Church and the third port at the bottom of the village to the plane.

  • The place du sel .

  • The Draille aux Chèvres (goat shoot) .

  • Medieval passage.

  • Picturesque corner in the place.

  • In the main street.

Leaded glass window in the Saint Sebastien church
  • St. Sebastians Church (Église Saint Sebastien) with art-historically extraordinarily valuable and expressive lead glass windows .
  • Château Loubet (the old Chateau de Mas ): Originally a castle-like fortified Provençal estate from the Middle Ages, from 1655 it was rebuilt like a castle, whereby the four medieval towers were preserved. The east and west facade and the chapel date from the 18th century, the south facade was extensively redesigned with battlements, new gables, windows and a parade balcony during the Romantic era . From 1905 it was the country residence of the former President of the Republic of France, Émile Loubet.
  • Châteauneuf-de-Mazenc: Medieval castle with a remarkable gateway and belfry visible from afar ; renovated in the 20th century. The belfry now serves as a bell tower, the bell dates from 1746. A sundial is attached to the south side of the tower.

  • The belfry.

  • Houses at the foot of the belfry.

  • The belfry of Châteauneuf-de-Mazenc.

  • Ruelle montant vers le beffroi.

  • The ascent to Châteauneuf-de-Mazenc.

Interior of St. Peters Church
  • St. Peters Church (Église Saint-Pierre-aux-Liens) . The Romanesque St. Peters Church replaced a previous building from the 12th century, which was damaged in the 14th century during the Hundred Years War . It was built by the Maltese commander in Le Poët-Laval , to which La Bégude-de-Mazenc belonged at the time. Two of the original three side chapels were removed in 1533. Further major alterations were made in 1710. The wooden high altar with a marble look probably dates from the first half of the 17th century, the confessionals from the 19th century.
  • Carmel Chapel (Chapelle Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel) from the 12th century. On a hill above the town is the cemetery with the Romanesque chapel of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (formerly Notre Dame de Martolet ) from the 12th century. With its walls up to two meters thick, the narrow gate and barely built-in wood, designed as a fortified church , served as a place of refuge for the residents in the troubled times of the Middle Ages.

  • The Notre-Dame-de-Mont-Carmel chapel .

  • Inside the chapel.

Personalities

  • Émile Loubet (born December 30, 1838 in Marsanne , † December 20, 1929 in Montélimar ), from 1899 to 1906 President of the Republic of France (Third Republic). His former country residence is the castle in the village with a large park and pond. This castle and the market square now bear his name.
  • Ernest Jouhy (* 1913 in Berlin; † 1988) was part of the Resistance in the village and the surrounding area. In 1961 he founded the FIEF (Foyer International d'Etudes Françaises) there, which still plays an important role in Franco-German understanding and the European idea.

literature

Web links

Commons : La Bégude-de-Mazenc  - Collection of images, videos and audio files