Niederdorf (South Tyrol)

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Niederdorf
(Italian Villabassa )
coat of arms
Coat of arms of Niederdorf
 map
Niederdorf in South Tyrol - Positionskarte.svg
State : Italy
Region : Trentino-South Tyrol
Province : Bolzano - South Tyrol
District community : Val Pusteria
Inhabitants :
(VZ 2011 / 31.12.2019) 		1,470 / 1,602
Language groups :
(according to 2011 census ) 		92.09% German
7.76% Italian
0.15% Ladin
Coordinates 46 ° 44 ′  N , 12 ° 11 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 44 ′  N , 12 ° 11 ′  E
Altitude : 1.115- 2378  m slm (center: 1158  m slm )
Surface: 17.85 km²
Permanent settlement area: 6.0 km²
Neighboring municipalities: Casies , Braies , Toblach , Welsberg-Taisten
Postal code : 39039
Area code : 0474
ISTAT number: 021113
Tax number: 81007400211
Mayor  (2016): Herbert Fauster

Niederdorf ( Italian Villabassa ) is an Italian municipality with 1602 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in South Tyrol . The place is in the Pustertal on the Rienz .

geography

The municipality of Niederdorf is located in the Pustertal , more precisely in the Hochpustertal in the east of South Tyrol. The center (1130- 1170  m slm ) is located in the valley on both sides of Rienz . Westbound the Rienz down following the opening of the coming from the south marked Pragser valley and the Pragser Bach the community border Prague and Wels-Tesido ; Following upwards towards the east of the Rienza, the municipal boundary to Toblach runs on the edge of the widening of the Toblacher Feld . The scattered settlement Eggerberg is located on the sun-exposed slopes of the northern side of the Puster Valley, where a wooded ridge separates Niederdorf from the entrance area of ​​the Gsieser Valley . Towards the south, the 17.85 km² large municipal area advances into the mountainous regions of the Dolomites and Pragser Dolomites , where the Sarlkofel ( 2378  m ) and the Lungkofel ( 2280  m ) are the highest peaks in Niederdorf.

history

View of the village from the Sarlkofel

Niederdorf is first mentioned as " Nidrindorf " in a recording by the Freising Monastery from around 993 / 94-1005 , when a settler named Waldmann acquired agricultural land here . Niederdorf was designated as its own parish in 1225 . Under the Counts of Gorizia and Tyrol there was a court here. From the middle of the 19th century, especially after the opening of the Pustertal Railway in 1871, the importance of tourism increased, especially because of the nearby attractions of Lake Braies , Plätzwiese and Bad Altprags . Ms. Emma , a pioneer and prominent figure in Tyrolean tourism , also comes from Niederdorf .

In the last days of the Second World War, at the end of April 1945, the Wehrmacht officer Wichard von Alvensleben freed a transport of 139 prominent special prisoners from twelve nations in Niederdorf, whose SS guards were ordered not to let these prisoners fall alive into enemy hands (see Liberation of the SS hostages in South Tyrol ). These prisoners included the former Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg , the multiple French Prime Minister Léon Blum , Martin Niemöller , one of the leading men of the Confessing Church in the Third Reich and later Church President in Hesse, the later Auxiliary Bishop Johannes Neuhäusler , Fabian von Schlabrendorff , and Alexander Freiherr von Falkenhausen , the cabaret artist and nun Isa Vermehren , the British secret service agent Sigismund Payne Best and so-called clan prisoners from the families of the resistance fighters from July 20, 1944 , including the Stauffenberg and Goerdeler families . The fate of these prisoners shortly before the end of the war as well as the liberation in Niederdorf (also partly filmed there on the market square and buildings) was filmed in a two-part ZDF / Arte drama documentary We, Hostages of the SS in 2014.

traffic

Niederdorf has a station on the Pustertal railway line , and state road 49 bypasses Niederdorf in the south. The road to Braies begins west of Niederdorf . The Rienza cycle path , continuation of the Drau cycle path towards the west, leads through Niederdorf, where the cycle and hiking path branches off to Lake Braies .

politics

Municipal Council (2015)
2
1
6th
6th
2 1 6th 6th 
A total of 15 seats

Mayor since 1952:

  • Leonhard Furch: 1952–1955
  • Michael Stragenegg: 1955-1960
  • Anton Mayr: 1960–1964
  • Michael Stragenegg: 1964–1969
  • Josef Schmiedhofer: 1969–1977
  • Anton Mayr: 1977–1977
  • Johann Passler: 1979-2010
  • Kurt Ploner: 2010–2015
  • Herbert Fauster: since 2016

education

There is a primary school in Niederdorf , which is part of the German school district of the neighboring municipality of Toblach .

Sports and leisure offers

  • The place is the starting point of the Dolomiten-Höhenweg 3 .
  • The Niederdorf Kurpark is a 5-hectare recreational area in the middle of the village, with a Kneipp facility, an open-air inhalatorium, a children's playground, an adventure park for young people, barbecue areas that can be rented, and a botanical nature trail that offers a varied range of activities for young and old.

Worth seeing

  • the late baroque parish church (built 1792–1796) with frescoes by Franz Altmutter , sculptures by Franz Xaver Nißl and an altarpiece by Martin Knoller , crypt chapel at the cemetery
  • Anna and death chapel: The lower part of the Gothic double chapel from the 15th century is one of the oldest structures in the Puster Valley and serves as a chapel for the dead, while the upper part is the Anna chapel.
  • the hospital church of the Holy Trinity with the sculpture "The Sorrowful Mother of God" from the 17th century, baroque stations of the cross by N. Pedevilla and a six-register organ by U. Fuetsch (1899)
  • the church of St. Magdalena in Moos: The building was first mentioned in the 13th century and has a Franz Köck organ. The choir fresco is by Simon von Taisten .
  • The jewel of the Church of St. Nepomuk in Bad Maistatt is a two-column high altar made of two types of marble. The altarpiece is by JGD Grassmair (1735).
  • the Alta Pusteria tourism museum in Haus Wassermann: It documents the history of tourism from the construction of the railway to early alpinism.

Web links

Commons : Niederdorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Vol. 1: Up to the year 1140 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2009, ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8 , p. 134-135 No. 169 .
  2. ↑ Peter Koblank: The Liberation of Special Prisoners and Kinship Prisoners in South Tyrol , online edition Mythos Elser 2006
  3. ↑ Cathy de Haan: The fate of the special prisoners, FR online, April 7, 2015.
  4. ^ Gebrüder Beetz Production: "We, hostages of the SS"
  5. ↑ The mayors of the South Tyrolean municipalities since 1952. (PDF; 15 MB) In: Festschrift 50 Years of the South Tyrolean Association of Municipalities 1954–2004. Association of South Tyrolean municipalities, pp. 139–159 , accessed on November 16, 2015 .
  6. ↑ Toblach school district. South Tyrolean Citizens' Network , accessed on October 25, 2014 .
  7. ↑ http://www.hochpustertal.net/natur/naturschaetze/kurpark-niederdorf/
  8. ↑ Information and pictures about the churches and chapels in Niederdorf. Retrieved March 22, 2017 .
  9. ↑ http://www.museen-suedtirol.it/de/museen.asp?muspo_id=545