List of heads of state 1851
Overview
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Africa
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Egypt
- Viceroy : Abbas Hilmi I (1849–1854)
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Ethiopia
- Emperor : John III. (1850-1851)
- Kaiser: Sahle Dengel (1851–1855)
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Burundi
- King : Ntare IV. Rugamba (1796-1852)
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Liberia
- President : Joseph Jenkins Roberts (1847–1856)
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Madagascar
- Queen: Ranavalona I (1782–1861)
- Prime Minister : Rainiharo († 1852)
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Morocco
- Sultan : Mulai Abd ar-Rahman (1822-1859)
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Sokoto Caliphate
- Caliph : Aliyu Babba (1842-1859)
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Zulu
- King : Mpande ka Senzangakhona (1840–1872)
America
North America
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Mexico
- Head of State and Government:
- President José Joaquín de Herrera (1848– January 15, 1851)
- President Mariano Arista (January 15, 1851-1853)
- Head of State and Government:
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United States of America
- Head of State or Government: President Millard Fillmore (1850-1853)
Central America
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Costa Rica
- Head of State and Government: President Juan Rafael Mora Porras (1849-1859)
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Dominican Republic
- Head of State and Government: President Buenaventura Báez (1849–1853, 1856–1858, 1868–1873, 1876–1878 )
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El Salvador
- Head of State and Government:
- President Doroteo Vasconcelos (1848– March 1, 1851)
- (officiating) José Félix Quirós (March 1 - May 3, 1851)
- President Francisco Dueñas (May 13, 1851–1854, 1863–1871 )
- Head of State and Government:
-
Guatemala
- Head of State and Government:
- (temporarily) Mariano Paredes (1849–21 October 1851)
- President Rafael Carrera y Turcios ( 1844-1848 , October 21, 1851-1865)
- Head of State and Government:
-
Honduras
- Head of State and Government: President Juan Nepomucemo Fernández Lindo (1847-1852)
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Nicaragua
- Head of State and Government:
- Chief Director Norberto Ramírez (1849–1 April 1851)
- Chief Director Justo Abaunza (April 1 - May 5, 1851)
- Chief Director Laureano Pineda (May 5 – August 4, 1851)
- Chief Director Justo Abaunza (August 4 - August 11, 1851)
- Chief Director José de Jesús Alfaro (August 11 - November 2, 1851)
- Chief Director Laureano Pineda (November 11, 1851-1853)
- Head of State and Government:
South America
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Bolivia
- Head of State and Government: President Manuel Isidoro Belzu (1848–1855)
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Chile
- Head of State and Government:
- President Manuel Bulnes Prieto (1841– September 18, 1851)
- President Manuel Montt (September 18, 1851–1861)
- Head of State and Government:
-
Ecuador
- Head of State and Government:
- President Diego Noboa (1850– February 26, 1851)
- (temporarily) José María Urbina (July 17, 1851–1852)
- Head of State and Government:
-
New Granada (now Colombia )
- Head of State and Government: President José Hilario López (1849-1853)
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Paraguay
- Head of State and Government: President Carlos Antonio López ( 1841–1844 , 1844–1862)
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Peru (controversial)
- Head of State and Government:
- President Ramón Castilla (1845– April 20, 1851)
- President José Rufino Echenique (April 20, 1851–1855)
- Head of State and Government:
-
Río de la Plata (now Argentina )
- Head of State and Government: Chairman of the Confederation Juan Manuel de Rosas ( 1835–1851 , September 20, 1851–1852)
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Uruguay
- Head of State and Government: President Joaquín Suárez (1843-1852)
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Venezuela
- Head of State and Government:
- President José Tadeo Monagas (1847– February 5, 1851)
- President José Gregorio Monagas (February 5, 1851–1855)
- Head of State and Government:
Asia
-
Afghanistan
- Emir: Dost Mohammed Khan (1842–1863)
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Bahrain
- Emir: Muhammad ibn Khalifah Al Khalifah (1842–1868)
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Brunei
- Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II († 1852)
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China ( Qing Dynasty )
- Emperor: Xianfeng (1850–1861)
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British India
- Governor General : James Andrew Broun-Ramsay (1848-1856)
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Oman
- Sultan: Said ibn Sultan (1804-1856)
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Persia ( Qajar dynasty)
- Shah : Naser od-Din Shah (1848–1896)
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Thailand
- King: Rama III. , King of Thailand (1824-1851)
- King: Mongkut , King of Thailand (1851–1868)
Australia and Oceania
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Hawaii
- King : Kamehameha III. (1825-1854)
Europe
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Abkhazia
- Prince: Mikheil Sharvashidze (1822–1864)
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Andorra
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Co-princes :
- President / Emperor of France : Charles-Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte / Napoleon III. (1848-1870)
-
Bishop of Urgell :
- Simó de Guardiola i Hortoneda (1828-1851)
- Josep Caixal i Estradé (1851–1879)
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Co-princes :
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Belgium
- Head of State: King Leopold I (1831–1865)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Charles Rogier (1847–1852, 1857–1868 )
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Denmark
- Head of State: King : Christian VIII. Friedrich VII. (1848–1863)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Adam Wilhelm Moltke (1848–1852)
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German Confederation
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Austria
-
Emperor : Franz Joseph I (1848–1916)
- Prime Minister: Felix Prinz zu Schwarzenberg (November 21, 1848 - 1852)
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Emperor : Franz Joseph I (1848–1916)
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Prussia
-
King : Friedrich Wilhelm IV. (1840–1861)
- Prime Minister : Otto Theodor Freiherr von Manteuffel (1850–1858)
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King : Friedrich Wilhelm IV. (1840–1861)
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Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg
- Duke : Alexander Karl (1834–1863)
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Principality of Anhalt-Dessau
- Duke : Leopold IV (1817–1871)
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to bathe
- Grand Duke : Leopold (1830-1852)
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Bavaria
- King : Maximilian II (1848–1864)
- Braunschweig
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Bremen
- Mayor : Johann Smidt (1821–1857)
- Mayor: Johann Daniel Noltenius (1839-1852)
- Mayor: Isak Hermann Albrecht Schumacher (1847-1853)
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Frankfurt
- Senior Mayor : Friedrich Carl Hector Wilhelm Freiherr von Günderrode called von Kellner (1841) (1847) (1851) (1861)
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Hamburg
- Mayor: Christian Daniel Benecke (1835–1851)
- Mayor: Johann Ludewig Dammert (1843–1855)
- Mayor: Heinrich Kellinghusen (1843–1844) (1845–1846) (1847–1848) (1851–1852) (1853–1854) (1855–1856) (1857–1858) (1859–1860)
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Hanover
- King : Ernst August (1837-1851)
- King: George V (1851–1866)
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Hessen-Darmstadt
- Grand Duke : Ludwig III. (1848–1877)
- Hessen-Homburg
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Hessen-Kassel
- Elector: Friedrich Wilhelm (1847–1866)
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Holstein and Lauenburg (personal union with Denmark 1815–1864)
- Duke: Friedrich II. (1848–1863)
- Liechtenstein
-
lip
- Prince : Leopold II (1802-1851)
- Prince: Leopold III. (1851–1873)
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Lübeck
- Mayor : Johann Joachim Friedrich Torkuhl (1847–1848) (1851–1852) (1857–1858)
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Luxembourg and Limburg (personal union with the Netherlands 1815–1890)
- Grand Duke : Wilhelm III. (1849-1890)
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Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Grand Duke : Friedrich Franz II. (1842–1883)
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Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Grand Duke : Georg (1816–1860)
- Nassau
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Oldenburg
- Grand Duke : Paul Friedrich August (1829-1853)
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Reuss older line
- Prince : Heinrich XX. (1836-1859)
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Reuss younger line
- Prince : Heinrich LXII. (1848-1854)
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Saxony
- King : Friedrich August II. (1836-1854)
- Saxony-Altenburg
- Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
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Saxony-Meiningen
- Duke : Bernhard II. (1803–1866)
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Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
- Grand Duke : Carl Friedrich (1828-1853)
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Schaumburg-Lippe
- Prince : Georg Wilhelm (1787–1860) until 1807 Count
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Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- Prince : Friedrich Günther (1807–1867)
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Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- Prince : Günther Friedrich Karl II. (1835–1880)
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Waldeck-Pyrmont
- Prince : Georg Viktor (1845-1893)
- Württemberg
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Austria
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France :
- President : Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (1848-1851)
- Emperor : Napoleon III. (1851-1870)
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Italian states
- Papal States
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Lombardy-Veneto (personal union with Austria 1815–1859 / 66)
- King : Franz Joseph (1848–1859 / 66)
- Modena and Reggio
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Parma and Piacenza
- Duke : Charles III. (1849-1854)
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San Marino
- Capitani Reggenti : Giambattista Bonelli , Marino Berti (October 1, 1850– April 1, 1851)
- Capitani Reggenti: Francesco Guidi Giangi , Marco Suzzi Valli (April 1, 1851– October 1, 1851)
- Capitani Reggenti: Domenic 'Antonio Bartolotti , Antonio Para (October 1, 1851– April 1, 1852)
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Sardinia
- King : Victor Emanuel II (1849–1861)
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Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
- King : Ferdinand II (1830-1859)
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Tuscany
- Grand Duke Leopold II (1824-1859)
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Montenegro (until 1878 under Ottoman suzerainty)
- Prince-Bishop (Vladika) : Petar II. Petrović-Njegoš (1830-1851)
- Prince-Bishop (Vladika): Danilo II. Petrović-Njegoš (1851–1860) (from 1852 Prince)
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Neutral Moresnet :
- Ruler: Leopold I , King of the Belgians (1831–1865)
- Ruler: Friedrich Wilhelm IV. , King of Prussia (1840–1861)
- Mayor: Arnold Timothée de Lasaulx (1817-1859)
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Netherlands
- King: Wilhelm III. (1849-1890)
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Ottoman Empire
- Sultan: Abdülmecid I (1839–1861)
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Portugal (common rule 1837-1853)
- Queen : Mary II ( 1826–1828 , 1834–1853)
- King: Ferdinand II. (1837-1853) (1853-1855 regent)
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Russia
- Emperor : Nicholas I (1825–1855)
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Serbia (until 1878 under Ottoman suzerainty)
- Prince : Aleksandar Karađorđević (1842–1858)
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Spain
- Queen : Isabella II (1833–1868)
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Hungary
- King : Franz Joseph I (1848–1916) (1848–1916 King of Bohemia, 1848–1916 Emperor of Austria)
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United Kingdom
- Head of State: Queen Victoria (1837–1901) (1877–1901 Empress of India)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister John Russell (1846–1852, 1865–1866 )
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Wallachia (under Ottoman rule)
- Prince : Barbu Dimitrie Știrbei (1849–1853, 1854–1856 )