Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik

Kramnik is a redirect to this article. For the Polish village of the same name, see Kramnik (village) .

Kramnik, London Chess Classic 2010
Surname	Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik
Association	Russia
Born	June 25, 1975 Tuapse , Russia
title	International Master (1992) Grand Master (1992)
World Champion	2000-2007
Current  Elo rating	2753 (August 2020)
Best Elo rating	2817 (October 2016)
Tab at the FIDE (English)

Wladimir Borissowitsch Kramnik ( Russian Владимир Борисович Крамник, scientific transliteration Vladimir Borisovič Kramnik , FIDE designation Vladimir Kramnik ; born June 25, 1975 in Tuapse on the Black Sea , Soviet Union ) is a Russian grandmaster in chess . From 2000 to 2007 he was the 14th world chess champion , having defeated Garry Kasparov in 2000 , defending the title in 2004 and in 2006 in a union fight against FIDE world champion Wesselin Topalow conquered the now sole world title. At the 2007 World Chess Championship in Mexico , he lost the title to Viswanathan Anand and was unable to regain it a year later at the 2008 World Cup in Bonn .

life and career

youth

Kramnik comes from an intellectual family of artists. His father is a painter and sculptor whose works are exhibited in the Krasnodar Territory , his mother is a music teacher. The parents taught Kramnik the rules of chess when he was four years old. At the age of five he became a member of the chess section at the local pioneer palace. As a seven-year-old he was already a player in the 1st category, as an eight-year-old he won the Tuapse adult championship. His first important coaches were then the master players Orest Awerkin and Alexei Ossatschuk. At the age of eleven, Kramnik received the title of candidate for the championship and was already considered one of the leading players in the Krasnodar region. At the same time he was accepted into the Mikhail Botvinnik chess school, where, in addition to Mikhail Botvinnik, Garry Kasparov also directed the lessons. His first international tournament was the U14 youth world championship in 1989 in Aguadilla , Puerto Rico , where he finished second behind the Bulgarian Wesselin Topalow . In 1990 he landed at the championship of the RSFSR in Kuibyshev on the shared 1st – 5th. Space. After stabbing fights, he finished second. In 1991 he won the U18 World Youth Championship in Guarapuava , Brazil . While still at school he was accepted into the Soviet student national team, with which he won the gold medal at the student team world championship in Maringá , Brazil, that same year . Kramnik played on boards 1 and 2 and won all of his games. In the same year he achieved a (shared) victory at the prestigious tournament of young Soviet champions in Kherson .

breakthrough

1992 was the year of the breakthrough for Kramnik: he won in Gausdal , the Open in Dortmund and in Chalkidiki and was appointed to the Russian national team on Kasparov's recommendation, with which he was still FIDE champion with 8, at the 30th Chess Olympiad in Manila . 5 points from nine games (+8 = 1 −0) achieved an outstanding result and won the gold medal with the team as well as the individual gold medal for his performance on the fourth board. In Manila he was appointed International Master and Grand Master at the same time . He was also team European champion with Russia in Debrecen in the same year with an individual result of 6 out of 7 (+5 = 2 −0). Kramnik started in the 1992/93 season for the club SV Empor Berlin in the Bundesliga and lived in the German capital for a few years.

First attempts at the world title

Wladimir Kramnik at the Dortmund Chess Days 1993

In 1993, Kramnik achieved two competitive victories against world-class players: in Cannes he defeated the Frenchman Joël Lautier with 4.5: 1.5 (+4 = 1 −1) and in Alcobendas the Spaniard Miguel Illescas Córdoba with the same result (+3 = 3 - 0). Together with Viswanathan Anand and Wesselin Topalow, Kramnik won a world class tournament in Madrid this year and he qualified for the candidate fights of both FIDE (at the interzonal tournament in Biel ) and the newly founded PCA (at the qualifying tournament in Groningen ).

However, 1994 turned out to be a year of setbacks for Kramnik. After beating Leonid Judassin (4.5: 2.5) in the round of 16 of the FIDE candidate fights in Wijk aan Zee , Kramnik was eliminated in the quarter-finals against Boris Gelfand in Sanghi Nagar , India , with 3.5: 4.5. The quarter-finals in the PCA cycle were also the end of the line for Kramnik. He lost to Gata Kamsky in New York City with 1.5: 4.5 (+0 = 3 −3). Meanwhile, he won a game against Kasparov for the first time at the tournament in Linares .

In 1995 Kramnik won important tournaments in Horgen , Dortmund and Belgrade . In 1996 he won again in Dortmund and Dos Hermanas (shared with Wesselin Topalow, ahead of Garry Kasparov), he also won an important rapid tournament in Moscow , where he was able to defeat Garry Kasparov in the final. In 1997 he won together with Garri Kasparow and Pjotr ​​Swidler in Tilburg , together with Viswanathan Anand in Dos Hermanas and undivided in Dortmund. That year he finished second, behind Garry Kasparov, in Novgorod and Linares. In 1998 Kramnik played in Cazorla , Spain , a competition organized by the World Chess Council , which was founded in the same year, against Alexei Schirow , in which the challenger to the 13th classical world champion Garri Kasparow was to be determined. Kramnik lost clearly with 3.5: 5.5 (+0 = 7 −2) and Schirow got the right to challenge. However, this World Cup fight against Shirov never came about for financial reasons. In the same year Kramnik won the traditional tournaments in Wijk aan Zee ( Corus chess tournament ) and Dortmund and played a blitz match against Garry Kasparov in Moscow 12:12. In 1999 Kramnik won a simultaneous match against the Swiss national team on six boards with 4-2.

Victory over Kasparov in the world championship fight

In 2000 Kramnik first won the world class tournaments in Linares (together with Garri Kasparow) and in Dortmund (together with Viswanathan Anand ), before the competition against the 13th classic world champion Garri Kasparow in October 2000 in London . In the match scheduled for 16 games, Kramnik won early without defeat after 15 games with 8.5: 6.5 (+2 = 13 −0) and thus succeeded Garry Kasparov on the world championship throne . Kasparov came under criticism because he faced the loser of the Kramnik-Shirov competition in 1998, but he justified his choice of challenger with Kramnik's outstanding tournament results, his constant 2nd place in the world rankings and the even balance in tournament games (before October 2000 ), which Kasparov had to show against Kramnik: +3 = 18 −3, while Kasparov's result against Shirov was so clear (+9 = 9 −0) that sponsors would be deterred. Kramnik's victory over Kasparov, as well as the sure manner in which it was achieved, namely without a single defeat, stunned the chess world. Kramnik, who was supported in his preparation for Kasparow by the world elite players Joël Lautier , Miguel Illescas Córdoba and Evgeni Barejew , surprised Kasparov above all with the black stones. Against the Berlin defense used several times by Kramnik in the Spanish game , the defending champion did not succeed in gaining the opening advantage with White. The variant “excavated” by Kramnik and very popular in the 19th century became very popular again after this competition and became a standard defense in the games of world elite players. Kramnik himself stated that this very demanding defense, based on a deep sense of position and understanding, could not be "understood" for chess programs . This advantage had proven to be decisive against Kasparov, who in his preparation especially used the support of the programs in calculating the variants.

Playing world champion

Vitali Klitschko - Wladimir Kramnik, Dortmund 2002.

In 2001 Kramnik won victories in Dortmund (together with Wesselin Topalow) and at the rapid chess tournament in Zurich , where he defeated Kasparov in the final with 1.5: 0.5. In the same year he beat the Hungarian world-class player Péter Lékó in a rapid chess match 7-5 in Budapest . At the Astana tournament he was second behind Garry Kasparov.

In 2002 he defeated the Indian Viswanathan Anand in a competition with computer assistance (the players were allowed to use chess software for assistance) in León with 3.5: 2.5. Kramnik also played against the Deep Fritz chess program in Bahrain . The competition, which took place under the motto “ Brains in Bahrain ”, ended in a draw after eight games 4: 4 (+2 = 4 −2).

In 2003 Kramnik won together with Péter Lékó in Linares in front of Garri Kasparow and the assembled world elite. In Dortmund he finished second behind Viktor Bologan , as well as in the rapid tournament in Cap d'Agde behind Viswanathan Anand. In 2004 Kramnik defeated the German national team in a simultaneous competition in Brissago with 2.5: 1.5 (three draws and one victory over Robert Huebner ) and won the Wimbledon of chess, the traditional tournament in Linares . In Dortmund he finished second behind Anand.

In May 2004 Kramnik was in Bonn for the first time and played simultaneously in the art and exhibition hall of the Federal Republic of Germany at a large event under the motto Chess for the World Champion! with Wladimir Kramnik in the Bundeskunsthalle Bonn , with the support of Deutsche Bank .

Title defense

In the same year Kramnik defended the title won against Kasparov for the first time. He competed in Brissago (September 25 to October 18, 2004) against Péter Lékó, who qualified by winning the Dortmund Chess Days 2002, which was held as a candidate tournament (final victory over Wesselin Topalow with 2.5: 1.5). The competition ended after a highly dramatic course 7: 7 (+2 = 10 −2), which was enough for Kramnik to defend his title according to the regulations. Only a victory by Kramnik in the last, 14th game, restored the tie. This competition was originally intended as a stage for the unification of the two world championship titles: FIDE had committed itself in the Prague agreement to host a competition between Garry Kasparov and the winner of the FIDE-KO World Championship, the winner of which would then combine with the winner from Kramnik-Lékó Union competition for the World Cup would play. The FIDE disqualified its world champion Ruslan Ponomarjow and neither a qualifying competition of Kasparov nor a union competition took place. With Kasparov's withdrawal from chess in March 2005, however, a new situation arose.

Kramnik at the Dortmund Chess Days 2006

Illness and return to chess

Kramnik's results in 2005 gave critics in the chess world an opportunity to question the legitimacy of his championship. So he lost in the world class tournaments in Wijk aan Zee and Sofia in a fatal way against the Bulgarian Wesselin Topalow, who later won the FIDE World Championship in San Luis (Argentina) in a convincing manner, and he did not succeed this year win a prize in a tournament. Most recently he landed in December 2005 at the Russian Championship with a result of 50%. Immediately after Topalov's victory at the FIDE World Cup, Kramnik offered this a unification competition of the competing titles, which was initially rejected by the Bulgarian on the grounds that Kramnik's fallen position in the world rankings disqualified him for a world championship fight. In January 2006, Kramnik announced in a press release that he had suffered "for a long time" from a rheumatic disease ( ankylosing spondylitis ; in a later interview he said that it occurred "immediately after 2000"), which prompted him to participate in others Tournaments in the first half of 2006. After a six-month break due to recovery, Kramnik played tournament chess again for the first time in late May / early June 2006. At the Chess Olympiad in Turin he achieved 6.5 out of nine games without loss, the best result in the Russian team and the best rating performance of the Olympics and demonstrated his restored playing strength.

Award ceremony of the Dortmund Chess Days 2006

In August 2006 he shared first place with Pjotr ​​Swidler at the Dortmund Chess Days .

Competing titles reunited in 2006

From September 23 to October 13, 2006, Elista , Kalmykia , finally competed against the FIDE world champion Wesselin Topalow for the world chess championship. This competition, which was scheduled for twelve games and which the chess world had longed for and welcomed with joy, meant the reunification of the competing titles. After a 2-0 lead for Kramnik after the first two games and two subsequent draws, Topalow's manager Silvio Danailow triggered a scandal with a protest that indirectly accused Kramnik of manipulating through software support . Kramnik answered this by failing to play the fifth game. The Kramnik delegation described the handing over of video material to the Topalow team by the Appeals Committee as scandalous, from which the Topalow delegation claimed that Kramnik was in the toilet in his rest room during the third game. Only an intervention by FIDE President Kirsan Ilyumschinow and the resignation of the appeal committee, which was responsible for the evaluation of the match without a fight, made it possible for the parties to resume negotiations. Kramnik reserved the right to take legal action and, after formal recognition of the defeat without a fight, only finished the competition under protest. After the last regular game on October 12th, the score was 6: 6, so that, according to the agreed rules, four rapid chess games were scheduled as a tiebreaker . After four highly dramatic games with changing intermediate scores, Kramnik was able to prevail in rapid chess with 2.5: 1.5 and, with his World Championship victory, lifted the division in the chess world that had existed since 1993. Since then there has only been one world champion again.

World Chess Challenge 2006

	a	b	c	d	e	f	G	H
8th									8th
7th									7th
6th									6th
5									5
4th									4th
3									3
2									2
1									1
	a	b	c	d	e	f	G	H

Kramnik's position after Fehlzug 34. ... Da7-e3 ??, after which the computer program with 35. De4-h7 Matt sat.

From November 25th to December 5th, 2006 Kramnik played six games against the chess program Deep Fritz in the art and exhibition hall of the Federal Republic of Germany in Bonn . Kramnik received an entry fee of $ 500,000 and an additional $ 500,000 in prospect if he won. As in the 2002 competition in Bahrain, it was agreed that Kramnik would receive the program in advance in order to familiarize himself with the way he played; In addition, Kramnik was able to take a look at Deep Fritz's opening library during the games. The program ran on a system with two Intel Core 2 processors, each with two processor cores, and calculated eight to ten million positions per second. The comparison finally ended 4: 2 for Deep Fritz. After Garri Kasparov, who lost to Deep Blue in 1997 , Kramnik is the second world chess champion who lost to a chess computer in a competition in several games under tournament conditions.

In the second game, Kramnik overlooked the fact that his opponent was threatening to mate in one move and lost the game. This mistake was commented by Zsuzsa Polgár as "blunder of the century" (blunder of the century).

Loss of world championship title and fight for revenge

In 2007, Kramnik did not manage to defend his title in the world championship in Mexico, which was once again held as a round-robin tournament . He had to cede it to the world number one and confidently playing Viswanathan Anand, who suffered no defeat and thus became 15th world chess champion in continuity since Wilhelm Steinitz . Also in the following year Kramnik did not manage to get his title back against Anand at the 2008 World Chess Championship in Bonn.

Current career

Arkadij Naiditsch - Wladimir Kramnik, surrounded by photographers, Chess Olympiad 2008 in Dresden

The year 2009 brought Kramnik only tournament wins until December: He won both the Dortmund Chess Days and the Tal Memorial in Moscow, as well as a strong jubilee rapid tournament in Zurich ahead of Topalow and Anand. In each of the three tournaments mentioned, Kramnik was the sole tournament winner. It was not until his last tournament in December 2009 that Kramnik failed to come first: at the world-class tournament in London, he finished second behind the new world number one Magnus Carlsen .

In January 2010, Kramnik shared second place with Alexei Schirow at the traditional tournament in Wijk aan Zee , again behind the Norwegian Carlsen. He won the President's Cup in Baku, a strong rapid chess tournament, thanks to a better evaluation. In October 2010 he won the Masters Final in Bilbao with 4 points from six games, ahead of world champion Anand and world number one Carlsen. At the 2011 Candidates Tournament in Kazan , Kramnik prevailed in the first round after a tie-break against Teymur Rəcəbov , but failed in the second round, also after a tie-break, to Alexander Grishchuk . In July 2011 he managed to win the Dortmund Chess Days with 7 points from ten games for the 10th time. He also won the London Chess Classic in December 2011 with 6 points from eight games ahead of Hikaru Nakamura and Magnus Carlsen.

In 2013, due to the lower number of wins, he was second in the candidates' tournament in London after Magnus Carlsen tied on points. The Chess World Cup 2013 won Kramnik in the final against Dmitry Andreikin .

In 2014 he came third at the Candidates' Tournament in Khanty-Mansiysk with 7 out of 14 points (+3 = 8 −3).

Kramnik in the 18th world championship blitz round 2015
(victorious against Levon Aronjan )

At the World Rapid and Blitz Chess Championships in Berlin in 2015 , Kramnik was at the forefront in both competitions. He finished the rapid chess world championship unbeaten in five games in 6th place. In the world championship blitz chess he recovered like the future world champion Grishchuk after two early defeats in the 4th and 5th round and then lost no more games. With 15 points from 21 rounds, he was tied with silver medalist Vachier-Lagrave, who had won 12 games. Kramnik remained the bronze medal after 11 winning games.

In 2018 he made another attempt for the world title. At the Candidates Tournament Berlin 2018 , for which he received a wildcard , he only came in 5th place with 6.5 points from 14 games.

Elo development

After completing the Tata Steel chess tournament in 2019, in which he finished last with 4.5 points from 13 games, Kramnik announced on January 29, 2019 the end of his career as a professional player.

Private life

Kramnik is married to a French woman. The couple has a daughter (* 2008) and a son (* 2013) and lived in Paris . In 2014 the family moved to Geneva .

style

Candidates tournament Berlin 2018 (6th round)

Kramnik's style is influenced by the pragmatic style of Anatoly Karpov (in his autobiography he gives Karpov's collection of games as the first formative impression; Grandmaster Jacob Aagaard sees Kramnik's style of play as an “expansion of Karpov's style”) and that in Botvinnik's chess school especially from Garri Kasparov conveyed in-depth and comprehensive theoretical preparation for the opening and middlegame . His games are usually extremely safe and his tournament results are unusually poor in defeats. The English grandmaster Neil McDonald writes that Kramnik's style is characterized by “a pursuit of a subtle positional attack that constantly puts the opposing pawn structure under pressure. Nothing serious seems to be happening, but unexpectedly the defense gives in, after which the formation of a passed pawn is often possible, which turns out to be decisive in the final . The number of wins that Kramnik managed to squeeze out of seemingly balanced positions is extraordinary (...). “After winning the World Cup, he was accused of drawing too many games. With white he prefers closed openings , with black he answers against 1. e4 mainly 1.… e5. He is considered one of the leading experts in Russian and Berlin defense as well as the Catalan opening with white. In the recent past, however, Kramnik has sharpened his games and is not averse to tactical entanglements.

Game example

Wladimir Kramnik - John Nunn

	a	b	c	d	e	f	G	H
8th									8th
7th									7th
6th									6th
5									5
4th									4th
3									3
2									2
1									1
	a	b	c	d	e	f	G	H

End position after 33. f7

In the following game Kramnik won with the white pieces against the Englishman John Nunn at the 1992 Chess Olympiad in Manila.

Wladimir Kramnik - John Nunn 1-0

Manila, June 24, 1992

King's Indian Defense (Samisch System), E81

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e4 d6 5. f3 0–0 6. Be3 c5 7. dxc5 dxc5 8. Qxd8 Rxd8 9. Bxc5 Nc6 10. Ba3 a5 11. Rd1 Be6 12. Nd5 Bxd5 13.cxd5 Nb4 14.Bb5 Nc2 + 15.Kf2 Nxa3 16.bxa3 e6 17.d6 e5 18.Ne2 Bf8 19.d7 Bxa3 20.g4 h6 21.h4 a4 22.Rd3 Bb2 23.g5 hxg5 24.hxg5 Nh7 25. f4 Ra5 26.Rd5 f6 27.Rxh7 Kxh7 28.gxf6 exf4 29.e5 Kh6 30.Nxf4 Bxe5 31.Rxe5 Rxd7 32.Bxd7 Rxe5 33. f7 1: 0

Greatest successes

• World chess champions : 2000 , 2004 , 2006
• U18 world champion : 1991
  • 2nd place in 1990
• Youth World Cup 1989
  • 2nd place U14
• Olympic champion in chess : 1992 , 1994 , 1996 with Russia
• Winner of the Dortmund Chess Days : 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011
• Linares chess tournament winner : 2000, 2003, 2004
• London Chess Classic winner : 2011
• Winner of the Tal Memorial : 2007, 2009
• Winner of the 2013 World Chess Cup

List of tournament results (excluding rapid chess)

competition	place	Result / score	rank
1989
U14 world championship	Aguadilla ( Puerto Rico )	8.5 / 11	2nd place
Qualification tournament for the GMA Open	Belgorod	6/9 (+3 = 6 −0)	1-8 space
GMA Open	Moscow	4.5 / 9 (+2 = 5 −2)	64th place
International championship tournament (B tournament)	Sochi	6/11 (+2 = 8 −1)	4th to 5th space
1990
RSFSR Championship	Kuibyshev	9.5 / 15 (+4 = 11 −0)	1st - 4th space
Qualifying tournament for the U18 World Cup	Sochi	6/8 (+4 = 4 −0)	1st place
U18 world championship	Singapore	8/11 (+5 = 6 −0)	2nd place
1990 / 1991
U20 European Championship	Arnhem	7/11 (+5 = 4 −2)	3rd-7th space
1991
Tackling tournament for the RSFSR championship	Rybinsk	3/6 (+1 = 4 −1)	2-3 space
Young Soviet champions tournament	Kherson	8/13 (+5 = 6 −2)	1st - 3rd space
Open	Gdynia	8.5 / 11	2nd place
U18 world championship	Guarapuava ( Brazil )	9/11 (+7 = 4 −0)	1st place
Student team world championship	Maringá ( Brazil )	5/5 (+5 = 0 −0)	on the 1st and 2nd board for the USSR
Open	São Paulo	? / 11	?
Youth team tournament USSR - Yugoslavia	Leningrad	6/8 (+5 = 2 −1)	for the USSR
58th USSR Championship	Moscow	6/11 (+2 = 8 −1)	16th place
Open	Groningen	6.5 / 9 (+4 = 5 −0)	8th place
1992
Open Troll Masters	Gausdal	6.5 / 9 (+4 = 5 −0)	1st place
Young Masters	Oakham	6.5 / 9 (+4 = 5 −0)	4th Place
Open	Dortmund	8.5 / 11 (+6 = 5 −0)	1st - 3rd Place (together with Smbat Lputjan and Zurab Asmaiparaschwili )
30th Chess Olympiad	Manila	8.5 / 9 (+8 = 1 −0)	1. Reserve Board for Russia
International tournament	Chalkidiki	7.5 / 11 (+4 = 7 −0)	1st place
Open, Alekhine -Gedenkturnier	Moscow	5.5 / 9 (+3 = 5 −1)	9th place
European team championship	Debrecen	6/7 (+5 = 2 −0)	3rd board for Russia
1992 / 1993
International tournament	Pamplona	4.5 / 9 (+1 = 7 −1)	3rd-7th space
German Chess League 1992/93	Germany	5.5 / 8 (+3 = 5 −0)	1st board for SV Empor Berlin
1993
Austrian Team Championship (State League)	Salzburg	2.5 / 3 (+2 = 1 −0)	1st board for Inter Schweppes Salzburg
International tournament	Linares	7.5 / 13 (+4 = 7 −2)	5th place
Competition with Joël Lautier	Cannes	4.5 / 6 (+4 = 1 −1)	Kramnik wins 4.5: 1.5
French team championship	Auxerre	3/3 (+2 = 0 −0)	1st board
International tournament	Dortmund	4/7 (+1 = 6 −0)	2-3 Place (shared with Christopher Lutz )
International tournament	Amsterdam	3.5 / 6 (+2 = 3 −1)	1st - 3rd space
International tournament	Madrid	6.5 / 9 (+4 = 5 −0)	1st - 3rd space
Interzonal tournament	Biel	6.5 / 13 (+6 = 5 −2)	2-9 space
Team World Championship	Lucerne	3/7 (+1 = 4 −2)	1st board for Russia
Competition with Miguel Illescas Córdoba	Alcobendas	4.5 / 6 (+3 = 3 −0)	Kramnik wins 4.5: 1.5
International tournament	Belgrade	6/9 (+3 = 6 −0)	2nd place
PCA qualification tournament	Groningen	7/11 (+4 = 6 −1)	3rd-7th space
1993 / 1994
German Chess League 1993/94	Germany	8/10 (+6 = 4 −0)	1st board for SV Empor Berlin
1994
FIDE candidate competition against Leonid Judassin	Wijk aan Zee	4.5 / 7 (+2 = 5 −0)	Kramnik wins 4.5: 2.5
International tournament	Linares	7/13 (+4 = 6 −3)	5th-6th Place (shared with Joël Lautier )
PCA candidate competition against Gata Kamsky	New York City	1.5 / 6 (+0 = 3 −3)	Kramnik loses 1.5: 4.5
FIDE candidate competition against Boris Gelfand	Sanghi Nagar ( India )	3.5 / 8 (+1 = 5 −2)	Kramnik loses 3.5: 4.5
International tournament	Novgorod	5/10 (+3 = 4 −3)	3rd place
31st Chess Olympiad	Moscow	8/11 (+5 = 6 −0)	2nd board for Russia
1994 / 1995
German Chess League 1994/95	Germany	8.5 / 10 (+7 = 3 −0)	1st board for SV Empor Berlin
1995
International Mikhail Valley Memorial	Riga	6/10 (+2 = 8 −0)	4th to 5th Place (shared with Nigel Short )
International tournament	Novgorod	5/9 (+3 = 4 −2)	6th place
International tournament	Dortmund	7/9 (+5 = 4 −0)	1st place
European Cup for club teams , preliminary round	Clichy	2/2 (+2 = 0 −0)	1st board for SV Empor Berlin
International tournament	Horgen	7/10 (+4 = 6 −0)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Wassyl Ivanchuk )
International tournament	Belgrade	8/11 (+6 = 4 −1)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Boris Gelfand )
European Cup for club teams, final round	Ljubljana	1/2 (+0 = 2 −0)	1st board for SV Empor Berlin
1995 / 1996
German Chess League 1995/96	Germany	2.5 / 4 (+1 = 3 −0)	1st board for SV Empor Berlin
1996
International tournament	Amsterdam	4.5 / 9 (+2 = 5 −2)	5th-6th Place (shared with Joël Lautier )
International tournament	Dos Hermanas	6/9 (+3 = 6 −0)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Wesselin Topalow )
International tournament	Dortmund	7/9 (+5 = 4 −0)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Viswanathan Anand )
International tournament	Novgorod	4.5 / 10 (+2 = 5 −3)	4th-6th Place (shared with Boris Gelfand and Judit Polgár )
International tournament	Vienna	5/9 (+3 = 4 −2)	4th-6th Place (shared with Péter Lékó and Judit Polgár )
European Cup for club teams, preliminary round	Berlin	3/3 (+3 = 0 −0)	1st board for SV Empor Berlin
32nd Chess Olympiad	Yerevan	4.5 / 9 (+0 = 9 −0)	2nd board for Russia
European Cup for club teams, final round	Budapest	1.5 / 2 (+1 = 1 −0)	1st board for SV Empor Berlin
International tournament	Las Palmas	5/10 (+2 = 6 −2)	3rd to 4th Place (shared with Wesselin Topalow )
1997
International tournament	Linares	7.5 / 11 (+5 = 5 −1)	2nd place
International tournament	Dos Hermanas	6/9 (+3 = 6 −0)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Viswanathan Anand )
International tournament	Novgorod	6/10 (+3 = 6 −1)	2nd place
International tournament	Dortmund	6.5 / 9 (+4 = 5 −0)	1st place
International tournament	Tilburg	8/11 (+5, -0 =, 6)	1st - 3rd Place (shared with Pyotr Swidler and Garry Kasparov )
International tournament	Belgrade	5/9 (+2 = 6 −1)	4th-6th Place (shared with Boris Gelfand and Joël Lautier )
European Cup for club teams, final round	Kazan	1.5 / 3 (+1 = 1 −1)	1st board
1998
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	8.5 / 13 (+6 = 5 −2)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Viswanathan Anand )
International tournament	Linares	6.5 / 12 (+2 = 9 −1)	3rd to 4th Place (shared with Garry Kasparov )
Competition for the World Cup challenge of Garry Kasparov against Alexei Schirow	Cazorla	3.5 / 9 (+0 = 7 −2)	Kramnik loses 3.5–5.5
International tournament	Dortmund	6/9 (+3 = 6 −0)	1st - 3rd Place (shared with Michael Adams and Pjotr ​​Swidler )
International tournament	Tilburg	6/11 (+3 = 6 −2)	3rd to 5th 3rd place (shared with Vadim Svyagintsev and Matthew Sadler )
European Cup for club teams, final round	Belgrade	1/3 (+0 = 2 −1)	1st board
1999
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	8/13 (+3 = 10 −0)	3rd place
International tournament	Linares	8/14 (+2 = 12 −0)	2-3 Place (shared with Viswanathan Anand )
International tournament	Dos Hermanas	5.5 / 9 (+2 = 7 −0)	2nd place
International tournament	Dortmund	4.5 / 7 (+2 = 5 −0)	2nd place
FIDE - KO World Championship, 1st round against Sergey Tiviakov	Las Vegas	1.5 / 2 (+1 = 1 −0)	Kramnik gets into the 2nd round with a 1.5: 0.5 victory
FIDE - KO World Championship, 2nd round against Viktor Kortschnoi	Las Vegas	1.5 / 2 (+1 = 1 −0)	Kramnik reached the last sixteen with a 1.5: 0.5 victory
FIDE - knockout world championship, round of 16 against Wesselin Topalow	Las Vegas	1/2 (+0 = 2 −0)	Kramnik reached the quarter-finals with a win (2-0) in rapid chess play, the competition ended regularly 1: 1 after tournament games.
FIDE - KO World Championship, quarter-finals against Michael Adams	Las Vegas	1/2 (+0 = 2 −0)	Kramnik was eliminated by a defeat (1: 3) in rapid chess play, the competition ended regularly 1: 1 after tournament games.
European Cup for club teams, final round	Bugojno	2/3 (+1 = 2 −0)	1st board
2000
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	8/13 (+3 = 10 −0)	2-4 Place (shared with Péter Lékó and Viswanathan Anand )
International tournament	Linares	6/10 (+2 = 8 −0)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Garry Kasparov )
International tournament	Dortmund	6/9 (+4 = 4 −1)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Viswanathan Anand )
World championship fight against Garry Kasparov	London	8.5 / 15 (+2 = 13 −0)	Kramnik wins 8.5: 6.5 and is 14th classic world champion
2001
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	8/13 (+4 = 8 −1)	3rd to 4th Place (shared with Wassyl Iwantschuk )
International tournament	Astana	6.5 / 10 (+4 = 5 −1)	2nd place
International tournament	Dortmund	6.5 / 10 (+3 = 7 −0)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Wesselin Topalow )
Competition against Garry Kasparov , held as a Mikhail Botvinnik memorial	Moscow	2/4 (+0 = 4 −0)	The competition ended regularly 2: 2 after tournament games, then a rapid chess competition was played (3: 3), then a blitz competition (3.5: 6.5)
2002
French team championship	Drancy and Paris	2/3 (+1 = 2 −0)	1st board for NAO Chess Club Paris
Competition against Deep Fritz	Manama ( Bahrain )	4/8 (+2 = 4 −2)	4-4 tie
2003
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	7/13 (+4 = 6 −3)	4-8 space
French team championship	Drancy and Bordeaux	2/3 (+1 = 2 −0)	1st board for NAO Chess Club Paris
International tournament	Linares	7/12 (+2 = 10 −0)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Péter Lékó )
International tournament	Dortmund	5.5 / 10 (+1 = 9 −0)	2-3 Place (shared with Viswanathan Anand )
2004
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	6.5 / 13 (+3 = 7 −3)	6-8 space
International tournament	Linares	7/12 (+2 = 10 −0)	1st place
French team championship	Belfort and Paris	3/4 (+2 = 2 −0)	1st board for NAO Chess Club Paris
International tournament, preliminary group	Dortmund	3/6 (+0 = 6 −0)	1st - 4th Place (1st place in rapid chess jump-off and qualification for final rounds)
International tournament, finals	Dortmund	2/4 (+0 = 4 −0)	2nd place (Schnellschachstechen [victory over Pyotr Swidler (2.5: 1.5) in the semifinals, defeat in the final (0.5: 1.5) against Viswanathan Anand ]. Both competitions ended regularly 1: 1 after tournament games.)
World championship fight against Péter Lékó	Brissago	7/14 (+2 = 10 −2)	7: 7 tie, according to the regulations Kramnik remains world champion
2005
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	7/13 (+2 = 10 −1)	4th-7th space
French team championship	Port Barcarès	1.5 / 2 (+1 = 1 −0)	1st board for NAO Chess Club Paris
International tournament	Sofia	4/10 (+2 = 4 −4)	5th-6th Place (shared with Michael Adams )
International tournament	Dortmund	4.5 / 9 (+2 = 5 −2)	6-7 Place (shared with Michael Adams )
European Cup for club teams	Saint-Vincent (Aosta Valley)	2.5 / 4 (+1 = 3 −0)	1st board for NAO Chess Club Paris
Russian championship	Moscow	5.5 / 11 (+2 = 7 −2)	7th place
2006
37th Chess Olympiad	Turin	6.5 / 9 (+4 = 5 −0)	1st board for Russia
International tournament	Dortmund	4.5 / 7 (+2 = 5 −0)	1st – 2nd Place (shared with Pjotr ​​Swidler )
World championship fight against Wesselin Topalow	Elista	6/11 (+3 = 6 −2)	6-6 draw, with a win without a fight for Topalow, then 2.5: 1.5 in the rapid chess tiebreak for Kramnik, Kramnik so world champion
Competition against Deep Fritz	Bonn	2/6 (+0 = 4 −2)	Defeats in the second and sixth game
2007
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	8/13 (+3 = 8 −0)	4th Place
Dutch team championship	Groningen	0.5 / 1 (+0 = 1 −0)	1. Board for Share Dimension Groningen
International tournament	Dortmund	5/7 (+3 = 4 −0)	1st place
World championship tournament	Mexico city	8/14 (+3 = 10 −1)	2nd place behind Anand , thus losing the world title
Valley Memorial	Moscow	6.5 / 9 (+4 = 5 −0)	1st place
2008
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	6.5 / 13 (+2 = 9 −2)	7th-8th Place (shared with Michael Adams )
International tournament	Dortmund	3/7 (+1 = 4 −2)	7th place
Valley Memorial	Moscow	5/9 (+2 = 6 −1)	2nd to 5th Place (shared with Alexander Morosewitsch , Boris Gelfand and Ruslan Ponomarjow )
World championship fight against Viswanathan Anand	Bonn	4.5 / 11 (+1 = 7 −3)	Anand wins 6.5: 4.5 and defends his world title
38th Chess Olympiad	Dresden	5/9 (+1 = 8 −0)	1st board for Russia
2009
International tournament	Dortmund	6.5 / 10 (+3 = 7 −0)	1st place
Valley Memorial	Moscow	6/9 (+3 = 6 −0)	1st place
International tournament	London	4.5 / 7 (+3 = 3 −1)	2nd place
2010
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	8/13 (+4 = 8 −1)	2-3 Place (shared with Alexei Schirow )
International tournament	Dortmund	5/10 (+2, - 2, = 6)	3rd to 4th space
Grand Slam Final	Bilbao	4/6 (+2 = 4 −0)	1st place
2011
International tournament	Wijk aan Zee	7.5 / 13 (+3 = 9 −1)	5th-6th Place (shared with Maxime Vachier-Lagrave )
International tournament	Dortmund	7/10 (+5 = 4 −1)	1st place
International tournament	London	6/8 (+4 = 4 −0)	1st place
2013
Candidates Tournament London 2013	London	8.5 / 14 (+4 = 9 −1)	2nd place
Valley Memorial	Moscow	3/9 (+0 = 6 −3)	10th place
International tournament	Dortmund	6.5 / 9 (+5 = 3 −1)	2nd place
Chess World Cup	Tromso	13.5 / 20 (+7 = 13 −0)	1st place

See also

• List of chess games between Kasparov and Kramnik

literature

• Vladimir Kramnik and Iakov Damsky: Kramnik. My life and games. Everyman Chess Series, Trowbridge, Wilts. 2000 (English) ISBN 1-85744-270-9 .
• Carsten Hensel : Wladimir Kramnik. From the life of a chess genius . Verlag Die Werkstatt, Göttingen 2018, ISBN 978-3-7307-0409-7 .

Web links

Commons : Vladimir Kramnik  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Wladimir Borissowitsch Kramnik at the World Chess Federation FIDE (English)
• Literature by and about Vladimir Borissowitsch Kramnik in the catalog of the German National Library
• Homepage (English)
• Playable chess games by Vladimir Borissowitsch Kramnik on 365Chess.com (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Eugen Kurz: 30th Chess Olympiad in Manila, Schach-Report , No. 7, 1992, p. 7.
2. ^ Dortmunder Sparkassen Chess-Meeting 2002, July 20, 2002 on TeleSchach with a video .
3. ↑ "Chess for the world champion!" with Wladimir Kramnik on May 2, 2004 in the Bundeskunsthalle Bonn on TeleSchach (report with a film about the entire event)
4. ↑ Chessbase.com, March 13, 2006: Kramnik on health, plans - and computers
5. ↑ Numbers according to FIDE Elo lists. Data sources: fide.com (period since 2001), olimpbase.org (period 1971 to 2001)
6. ↑ Vladimir Kramnik announces end of chess career , tatasteelchess.com, January 29, 2019.
7. ↑ У Владимира Крамника родился сын. In: Ruchess.ru . February 1, 2013, accessed May 20, 2015 (Russian). 
8. ↑ Le cerveau est un muscle et les échecs son fitness. In: Le Temps. March 14, 2015, accessed July 12, 2015 (French). 
9. ↑ Jacob Aagaard: Excelling at Chess ; London 2002, p. 29.
10. ↑ Neil McDonald: Chess Secrets. The Giants of Chess Strategy ; London 2007, p. 9.
11. ↑ Boris Avrukh: 1. d4 Volume One. 2008 (Glasgow, Quality Chess).