Kozarska Dubica

Kozarska Dubica Козарска Дубица
Basic data
State :	Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity :	Republika Srpska
Coordinates :	45 ° 11 ′  N , 16 ° 48 ′  E Coordinates: 45 ° 11 ′ 0 ″  N , 16 ° 48 ′ 0 ″  E
Height :	99  m. i. J.
Area :	499  km²
Residents :	19,467 (2018)
Population density :	39 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code :	+387 (0) 52
Postal code :	79240
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Mayor :	Radenko Reljić ( SNSD )
Website :	www.kozarskadubica.org

Kozarska Dubica (until 1992 Bosanska Dubica ) is a city in the northwest of Bosnia and Herzegovina . The area of ​​the large community of the same name covers 499 km² with around 23,000 inhabitants. Today's part of the name Kozarska is based on the geographical proximity to the Kozara Mountains.

geography

Kozarska Dubica is located 70 km northwest of Banja Luka on the Una River . The municipality borders in the north on the Republic of Croatia , in the east on the municipality Gradiška , in the west on Kostajnica and in the south on Prijedor . A border crossing bridge, which is currently only open for small border traffic, connects the city with its Croatian twin municipality Hrvatska Dubica .

history

An old drawing by Dubica

Former city arms (until 1993)

Dubica was founded around 930. The first documentary mention comes from the year 1197. At that time Dubica was part of medieval Bosnia . The city fell under Ottoman occupation in 1538. Due to the border location between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy , the region was the site of numerous armed conflicts. Particularly in the Austro-Turkish war from 1787 to 1791 , decisive battles took place in the Dubica area. On August 9, 1788, a Turkish army camp was conquered by imperial troops and subsequently the Dubiza fortress was conquered on August 26, 1788.

Even during the Second World War , the Dubica region was fiercely contested. In the summer of 1942 there was a decisive battle between the fascist German and Croatian troops and the partisans . The former coat of arms of the city shows a scene from this battle in the Kozara Mountains. In Donja Gradina , today part of the community, there was a part of the Ustasha operated Jasenovac concentration camp , now a memorial to the.

In the Bosnian War from 1992 to 1995, Bosniak and Croatian residents were initially expelled and mosques and the Catholic Church were destroyed. Serbs expelled from Croatia moved into many of the abandoned houses. On September 18 and 19, 1995, Dubica was attacked by the Croatian Army during Operation Una . Part of the army allegedly committed war crimes. At the same time there were heavy losses on the Croatian side.

population

In 1991 the community had 31,606 inhabitants. Of these, 21,728 identified themselves as Serbs (68.7%), 6,440 as Bosniaks (20.4%), 1,851 as Yugoslavs (5.8%) and 1,487 gave different information (4.7%).

In the city itself (13,680 inhabitants) the 6,084 Bosniaks (44.5%) were the largest group. There were also 5,540 Serbs (40.5%) and 1,329 Yugoslavs (9.7%). The surrounding villages, on the other hand, all had a Serb majority.

Today the city of Kozarska Dubica is also mostly Serbian.

Buildings

New mosque in Dubica

Serbian Orthodox Church in Kozarska Dubica

Significant buildings in Kozarska Dubica are old and new churches as well as the Gradska Džamija , Krajišnička Džamija , Puhalska Džamija and Čaršijska Džamija mosques , the two World War II monuments Mrakovica and Patrija, and the 12th-century Orthodox monasteries Moštanica and Klisina.

economy

The district of Dubica is located in a river valley with more than 30,000 hectares of arable land, so that agriculture is an important economic factor. In addition to agriculture and cattle breeding, they also grow fruit and, more recently, viticulture. The favorable climate also offers good conditions for growing vegetables.

The largest dairy company in Bosnia is Mlijekoprodukt near the city. Unaplod markets fruit and has the largest cold store capacity in Bosnia for this. Nova mehanika is the largest Bosnian manufacturer of agricultural machinery, Dubicotton the largest spinning mill in Southeast Europe. The construction company IGP UNA , founded in 1962, is another large employer. The restoration of the bridges destroyed by the war was one of the company's most important projects.

Fishing is also important. The Una and Save estuary has a long fishing tradition and attracts anglers from many areas.

traffic

Kozarska Dubica is located at the intersection of the national road M14 (to Novi Grad ; 50 km), M15 (to Prijedor ; 33 km) and M14.1 (to Bosanska Gradiška ; 44 km). There is a border crossing on the border bridge over the Una, which has been open to small border traffic to a very limited extent since 2013. The Zagreb – Belgrade motorway is 26 km away. The nearest train station is 5 km away on the Croatian line Sisak - Slavonski Brod .

In March 2012, the Donja Gradina - Jasenovac border crossing , which is located on the territory of the Kozarska Dubica municipality, was also opened for freight traffic.

health

The Mljecanica spa is located in the mountainous region of Kozara . Healing powers are attributed to the water of the bath.

Sports

Hunting has a long tradition in Kozarska Dubica. In the wooded hunting area, which includes the mountains Kozara and Prosara , small animals such as wild ducks up to large animals such as deer can be hunted. Every year in April there is an international competition with driven hunts.

Sport has been practiced in Kozarska Dubica since the early 20th century. In the 1930s, the Una football club was founded. After the Second World War, the range of sports on offer was expanded: handball in 1962, basketball in 1973 and karate in 1982. The sports club is an important part of public life today. There are both men's and women's teams in handball.

Philip scepter

Philip Zepter (bourgeois Milan Janković), who is considered one of the richest Serbs in the world, spent his childhood in Dubica and is involved in the city in a variety of ways. The newly created inner-city square Zepter Plato with a shopping center and a modern hotel bear his name, as do social institutions and sports clubs.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://rzs.rs.ba/front/article/3630/ Updated population figures for 2018 from the Institute for Statistics of the Republika Srpska. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
2. ↑ Glas srpski, Banja Luka, January 13, 1993
3. ↑ Second World War 1939-1945: Third Offensive: Kozara ( Memento from February 21, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
4. ↑ Investigation launched into Operation Una - Nacional.hr. Retrieved January 18, 2019 . 
5. ↑ Zvanična prezentacija opstine dubica. Retrieved January 18, 2019 . 
6. ^ Kozarska Dubica Municipality, Department of Economics and Social Activities: Investor's Guide. Retrieved January 18, 2019 . 
7. ↑ Zatvoren granični Prelaz dubica - Hrvatska Dubica
8. ↑ Border crossing in Donja Gradina opened for freight traffic ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

Web links

Commons : Kozarska Dubica  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Website of the municipality (Bosnian)