Gradiška

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Gradiška
Градишка

Gradiška coat of arms

Gradiška (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity : Republika Srpska
Coordinates : 45 ° 8 '  N , 17 ° 15'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 8 '28 "  N , 17 ° 15' 0"  E
Height : 93  m. i. J.
Area : 762  km²
Residents : 47,818 (2018)
Population density : 63 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : +387 (0) 51
Postal code : 78400
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type: city
Mayor : Zoran Adžić ( SNSD )
Website :
Sokolac Rogatica Rudo Višegrad Pale Foča Gacko Kalinovik Nevesinje Bileća Trebinje Ravno Ljubinje Konjic Istočni Mostar Berkovići Neum Mostar Stolac Čapljina Čajniče Goražde Pale-Prača Ustiprača Foča-Ustikolina Srebrenica Bratunac Milići Han Pijesak Zvornik Bijeljina Brčko Ugljevik Lopare Vlasenica Šekovići Osmaci Olovo Ilijaš Hadžići Ilidža Trnovo Istočni Stari Grad Istočna Ilidža Vogošća Sarajevo-Stari Grad Sarajevo-Centar Sarajevo-Novi Grad Istočno Novo Sarajevo Novo Sarajevo Visoko Glamoč Livno Bosansko Grahovo Kupres Kupres (RS) Šipovo Jajce Donji Vakuf Bugojno Gornji Vakuf Prozor-Rama Jablanica Tomislavgrad Posušje Grude Široki Brijeg Ljubuški Čitluk Fojnica Kreševo Kiseljak Busovača Novi Travnik Travnik Zenica Vitez Kakanj Vareš Breza Kladanj Živinice Kalesija Sapna Teočak Tuzla Lukavac Čelić Srebrenik Banovići Zavidovići Žepče Maglaj Tešanj Usora Dobretići Gradačac Gračanica Doboj Istok Velika Kladuša Cazin Bužim Bosanska Krupa Bihać Bosanski Petrovac Drvar Sanski Most Ključ Petrovac (RS) Istočni Drvar Ribnik Mrkonjić Grad Jezero Kneževo Kotor Varoš Teslić Banja Luka Oštra Luka Krupa na Uni Prijedor Novi Grad Kostajnica Kozarska Dubica Gradiška Srbac Laktaši Čelinac Prnjavor Derventa Doboj Stanari Modriča Brod Pelagićevo Donji Žabar Orašje Domaljevac-Šamac Šamac Odžak VukosavljeLocation of Gradiška municipality in Bosnia and Herzegovina (clickable map)
About this picture

Gradiška ( Cyrillic Градишка; also Bosanska Gradiška / Босанска Градишка) is a city in the north of Bosnia and Herzegovina with about 22,000 inhabitants. Since the war in Bosnia it has belonged to the Republika Srpska , one of the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the seat of the Opština of the same name with 56,727 inhabitants on an area of ​​762 km².

history

According to the records in Geographia of Ptolemy (* around 100 - † around 175 AD), there was a settlement in the area of ​​today's city with the name Σερβίτιον (transkr. Serbition) or Σέρβινου (transkr. Serbinou or . Serbinov), Latinized to Servitium according to the source . It is not clear whether the name at that time refers to the ethnic group Serbs , who, as widely assumed, only appear as Slavs in western Macedonia and south-eastern Europe around 450 years after Ptolemy records .

Gradiška ( Gradiški Brod ) received town charter around 1330, and in 1537 the town became part of the Ottoman Empire . As a border fortress Gradiška was conquered by the Imperial Army on September 2, 1788 in the course of the Russian-Austrian Turkish War . Since the occupation campaign in Bosnia (1878) it belonged to the Austro-Hungarian occupied Bosnia. The soldiers' settlement Nova Gradiška was founded in the immediate vicinity of the city in 1848 as part of the Habsburg military border . Their garrison took part in numerous battles of the Habsburg monarchy under the name Gradiskaner .

After heavy fighting between Croats and Serbs broke out in Slavonia, the Banjalučki corpus crossed the Sava in August 1991 , and in a few weeks the Yugoslav People's Army advanced as far as Virovitica . In October and November the Croatian armed forces attacked Serb-controlled areas in western Slavonia in two operations, whereupon 50,000 Serbs fled across the Sava to Gradiška and from there to Serbia.

During the military operation Bljesak (Bljesak) in 1995 Gradiška and the surrounding area were heavily shelled by the Croatian army.

geography

The city is located on the central reaches of the Save , which forms the border with Croatia , around 40 km north of the city of Banja Luka . To the south of the Save, from where the Vrbas flows from the mountains, the river plain is almost 20 km wide. North of the river is the Croatian town of Stara Gradiška .

population

At the 1991 census, the municipality of Bosanska Gradiška had 59,974 inhabitants in 68 settlements, of whom 29,630 were Serbs (49.4%), 25,297 Muslims (42.2%), 1,894 Croatians (3.2%) and 1,811 Yugoslavs (3.0%) designated. 1,342 residents assigned themselves to other ethnic groups or did not provide any information.

In the city itself, the Muslims made up a narrow majority of the population with 7,188 of 16,841 (42.68%). 6,502 inhabitants described themselves as Serbs (38.61%) and 1,788 as Yugoslavs (10.62%). 80% of the smaller towns in the municipality were mostly Serbian. In six villages the Muslims and in five the Croatians made up the majority.

The Serbs now represent an absolute majority in both the city and the community.

Localities

City center
Serbian Orthodox Church of the Protection and Intercession of the Virgin Mary in Gradiška

The municipality includes a total of 68 places: Adžići, Berek, Bistrica, Bok Jankovac, Brestovčina, Bukovac, Cerovljani, Cimiroti, Čatrnja, Čelinovac, Čikule, Donja Dolina, Donja Jurkovica, Donji Karajzovci, Donji Podgradci, Dragelji, Dubicarave, Gašnagići Gornja Dolina, Gornja Jurkovica, Gornja Lipovača, Gornji Karajzovci, Gornji Podgradci, Gradiška, Grbavci, Greda, Jablanica, Jazovac, Kijevci, Kočićevo, Kozara, Kozinci, Krajišnik, Kruškiki, Krajišnik, Kruškik, Laminci Laminovci, Lamincreziciž, Lamincrei, Lamincrei, Lamincrei, Lamincre, Lamincre , Lužani, Mačkovac, Malkoc, Mašići, Mičije, Miloševo Brdo, Miljevići, Mokrice, Nova Topola , Novo Selo, Orahova, Orubica, Petrovo Selo, Rogolji, Romanovci, Rovine, Samardžije, Seferovlci, Sovjak, Srednja Jurškovic Trnovac, Trošelji, Turjak, Vakuf, Vilusi, Vrbaška and Žeravica.

schools

  • Gimnazija Gradiška
  • Tehnnicka Skola
  • Srednja strucna i tehnicka Skola
  • Osnovna škola Danilo Borković
  • Osnovna škola Vasa Čubrilović

There is also a private university in Gradiška called Visoka Skola Primus Gradiška .

traffic

Sava bridge in Gradiška

Gradiška is located on national road 16 (to Banja Luka ; 48 km), which has an international border crossing to Croatia . With the completion of a new motorway border crossing to the west of the city center, this should be relieved of through traffic that has so far been backed up in the center of the town. [obsolete] It is 11 km to the Croatian motorway 3 ( Zagreb - Belgrade ). Kozarska Dubica (44 km) and Prijedor (58 km) can be reached via the branching main roads . The city ​​is connected to the European inland waterway network via the Sava .

Sports

FK Kozara comes from the city and was represented in the Premijer Liga in 2002/03 . The club currently plays in the Prva Liga RS , the second highest division. Other traditional clubs are FK Dubrave , FK Omladinac Brestovcina and FK Bratstvo Orahova .

Personalities

Gradiška is the birthplace of the rabbi , doctor and liturgist Samson Ben Joshua Moses Morpurgo (1681–1740, died in Ancona, Italy), who was very well known in southern and south-eastern Europe . Morpurgo was Chief Rabbi of Ancona from 1721 until his death . In addition to numerous publications on religious studies, he also distinguished himself as a competent doctor; For his work in the flu epidemic in 1730 he received a certificate of thanks from Archbishop Benedict IV of Ancona.

Twin cities

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://rzs.rs.ba/front/article/3630/ Updated population figures for 2018 from the Institute for Statistics of the Republika Srpska. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
  2. ↑ Ω review
  3. ^ Alfred Stückelberger, Gerd Graßhoff (Ed.): Ptolemaios, Handbuch der Geographie , Schwabe Verlag, Basel 2006, p. 248f
  4. ↑ Note: For Servitium with v , ancient Greek β is usually transcribed with b.
  5. ↑ Ptol. Geographia addition in V: ἀπὸ τοΰ Σέρβινου τούτου οἶμαι καἱ Σέρβοι [(Serboi)] λέγονται