Lichtenau (Middle Franconia)

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Coat of arms of the Lichtenau market
Lichtenau (Middle Franconia)
Map of Germany, position of the Lichtenau market highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 17 '  N , 10 ° 41'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Middle Franconia
County : Ansbach
Height : 390 m above sea level NHN
Area : 41.36 km 2
Residents: 3897 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 94 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 91586
Primaries : 09827, 09874
License plate : AN , DKB, FEU, ROT
Community key : 09 5 71 175
Market structure: 25 parts of the community

Market administration address : 		Ansbacher Strasse 11
91586 Lichtenau
Website : www.markt-lichtenau.de
Mayor : Markus Nehmer ( SPD )
Location of the Lichtenau market in the Ansbach district
Landkreis Donau-Ries Ansbach Fürth Landkreis Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim Landkreis Fürth Landkreis Roth Landkreis Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen Unterer Wald Lehrberg Adelshofen (Mittelfranken) Bechhofen (Mittelfranken) Bruckberg (Mittelfranken) Buch am Wald Burk Colmberg Dentlein am Forst Diebach Dietenhofen Dinkelsbühl Dombühl Ehingen (Mittelfranken) Feuchtwangen Flachslanden Gebsattel Gerolfingen Geslau Heilsbronn Insingen Langfurth Leutershausen Lichtenau (Mittelfranken) Merkendorf (Mittelfranken) Mönchsroth Neuendettelsau Neusitz Oberdachstetten Ohrenbach Petersaurach Röckingen Rothenburg ob der Tauber Rügland Sachsen bei Ansbach Schillingsfürst Schnelldorf Schopfloch (Mittelfranken) Steinsfeld Unterschwaningen Wassertrüdingen Weidenbach (Mittelfranken) Weihenzell Weiltingen Wettringen (Mittelfranken) Wieseth Windelsbach Windsbach Wittelshofen Wörnitz (Gemeinde) Wolframs-Eschenbach Wilburgstetten Ornbau Mitteleschenbach Herrieden Dürrwangen Burgoberbach Aurach (Landkreis Ansbach) Arberg Baden-Württembergmap
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Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / market

Lichtenau (colloquially: Līchdna or Li ə chdna ) is a market in the Ansbach district in Middle Franconia .

geography

Geographical location

Lichtenau is located in the valley of the Franconian Rezat river, about ten kilometers east of Ansbach .

Community structure

The political municipality of Lichtenau has 25 officially named parts of the municipality (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):

The art mill and the Lichtenauer cellar houses are not officially named parts of the community.

Neighboring communities

Saxony near Ansbach Heilsbronn Petersaurach
Ansbach Neighboring communities Neuendettelsau
Weidenbach Merkendorf , Wolframs-Eschenbach Windsbach

history

In 1246 the place was first mentioned as de castro Lihtenowe in connection with a will in which the Hohenstaufen imperial bailiff, Rudolf von Dornberg, bequeathed Lichtenau Castle to his wife Kunigunde, but the realm was the owner . The basic word of the castle name is mhd. "Ouwe, owe" (= land surrounded by water), the defining word is the adjective "lent, light" (= bright, radiant), which is not intended to describe the building material but the good quality of the castle.

The original feudal lord was the Hochstift Würzburg . Fiefs were the lords of Dornberg . When these died out in 1288 without male descendants, their property came to the von Heideck family through inheritance . From 1406 to 1806 Lichtenau was subordinate to the imperial city of Nuremberg , which was part of the Frankish imperial circle from 1500 . The Pflegamt Lichtenau belonged to four main teams: Saxony, Immel village Herger Bach and pipe. The pentagonal fortress dominates the old town center. It is strongly reminiscent of the Nuremberg Castle , of which it was the outpost.

In the Salbuch of the Nuremberg nursing office Lichtenau from 1515 1 castle with affiliations, 27 houses with barn and garden, bath room, grinding mill, tavern and shepherd's house are given for Lichtenau. They were all subordinate to the nursing office.

After the Thirty Years' War , Lichtenau became an influx of around 65 religious expellees v. a. from Austria.

Towards the end of the 18th century there were 45 properties in Lichtenau (18 entire civil estates, 1 entire civil estate with an inn, 1 entire civil estate with brewing rights, 1 entire civil estate with a mill, 9 half civil estates, 1 quarter civil estate, 1 house, 1 house with bakery - and brewing rights, 1 half house, 1 estate, 5 drip houses , 3 drip houses with brewing rights, 2 half drip houses). The high court , the village and community rulership and the lordship over all properties exercised the Lichtenau care office. In addition to the properties, there were stately, communal and church buildings.

In 1806 Lichtenau came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As part of the municipal edict , the tax district Lichtenau was formed in 1808 , which included the places Boxbrunn , Lichtenau, Stritthof and Weickershof . The rural community of Lichtenau was founded in 1810 and was congruent with the tax district. It was subject to the Heilsbronn Regional Court in administration and jurisdiction and the Windsbach Rent Office in the financial administration . A little later, Boxbrunn submitted an application to form a separate community with Weickershof and Stritthof, but this was rejected. From 1862 to 1879 Lichtenau was administered by the Heilsbronn District Office , since 1880 by the Ansbach District Office (renamed the Ansbach District in 1938 ) and the Heilsbronn Rent Office (1920–1929: Heilsbronn Tax Office , from 1929: Ansbach Tax Office ). The jurisdiction remained with the district court Heilsbronn until 1879, 1880–1956 district court Heilsbronn , since 1956 district court Ansbach . In 1961 the municipality of Lichtenau had an area of ​​5.421 km².

Incorporations

local community Residents
(1970)		 Incorporation
date		 Remarks
Fischbach 106 April 1, 1971
Herpersdorf 371 January 1, 1972 Incorporation of 83 of the 371 residents, reclassification of the other residents to Petersaurach
Immeldorf 347 April 1, 1971
Malmersdorf 164 April 1, 1971
Ratchet winches 183 January 1, 1972 Incorporation of 57 of the 183 residents, reclassification of the other residents to Saxony
Saxony 34 1st October 1972 Remaining of the other residents in Saxony
Schlauersbach 211 April 1, 1971
Unterrottmannsdorf 209 January 1, 1972
Wattenbach 214 January 1, 1972

Population development

Lichtenau community

year 1818 1840 1852 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1961 1970 1987 1995 2005 2015
Residents 482 726 962 1035 1127 1089 1299 1271 1312 1228 1278 1431 1405 1379 1257 1335 1000 934 1663 1838 1718 1839 3486 3823 3791 3806
Houses 77 82 122 149 170 174 202 254 891 1130
source

Part of the municipality Lichtenau

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 411 650 946 988 1227 1362 1255 1722 1652 1763 2168
Houses 65 70 137 170 161 188 239 575
source

politics

Market council

The municipal council of Lichtenau has 16 members without the mayor.

SPD CSU UWG 1 Green total
2020 4th 4th 6th 2 16 seats
2014 4th 5 7th - 16 seats
2008 4th 5 7th - 16 seats
2002 3 7th 6th - 16 seats

1 UWG = independent community of voters

mayor

  • 1980–1996 Friedrich Grossmann
  • Until April 2008 Andreas Wattenbach (CSU)
  • 2008–2020 Uwe Reissmann (SPD)
  • Since May 2020: Markus Nehmer (SPD)

badges and flags

Since the 17th century, the Nuremberg nursing office in Lichtenau used a coat of arms, which the market community adopted in 1937 without being awarded. The Interior Ministry approved the use of the coat of arms in 1964.

Lichtenau coat of arms
 Blazon : “Split over the base of the shield, divided by red, silver and blue; in front in gold a half, red armored black eagle at the gap, in the back five times diagonally divided by red and silver. "

Blue-white-red municipal flag

Justification of the coat of arms: The half black eagle and the diagonal division of red and silver corresponds to the coat of arms of the imperial city of Nuremberg , to which the place belonged from 1406 to 1806. The foot of the shield reminds of the lords of Heideck , who were the lords of the castle before.

Others

From 2003 to 2016 Lichtenau was part of the municipal alliance LiSa , to which the political municipality Sachsen b. Ansbach belonged. Since 2016, the community has been part of the Allianz Kernfranken , which arose from the merger of LiSa and Komm, A (Bruckberg, Dietenhofen, Heilsbronn, Neuendettelsau, Petersaurach and Windsbach).

Architectural monuments

Courtyard of the festivals
  • The Lichtenau Fortress goes back to a medieval moated castle . It is a masterpiece of Renaissance architecture, even if at the time of its completion it no longer corresponded to the development of fortress construction at that time and, due to its location in the valley, could not be defended well against siege artillery . The fortress was used as a prison for many years after Lichtenau was slammed into Bavaria in 1806 . In 1933 the National Socialist state set up a labor camp in the Lichtenau Fortress; however, it only lasted three years. The fortress was extensively renovated in the early 1980s. The Nuremberg State Archives have a branch there.
  • Dreieinigkeitskirche : Late Baroque church, built in 1724.

traffic

The national road 2223 runs north from Lichtenau and leads to the junction 53 of the motorway 6 or on axes at Ansbach over after Ansbach . The state road 2412 via Herpersdorf and Langenloh to Petersaurach . The district road AN 12 leads past Wattenbach and Wöltendorf to Wolframs-Eschenbach and past Volkersdorf and Milmersdorf to Saxony . The district road AN 1 leads to Oberrammersdorf . Communal roads lead to Malmersdorf and Boxbrunn .

Economy and Infrastructure

Since 2006 the trade association Lichtenau-Sachsen eV has united the self-employed from the two neighboring communities of Lichtenau and Saxony near Ansbach. Since the commercial space in the town was no longer sufficient, the "A2" commercial area was developed and built on in 2012, directly at the entrance to the A2 motorway.

The most famous local company is the “Hauff-Bräu” brewery. The company Eberhardt GmbH is known internationally as the world market leader for ham presses. Franke Elektrotechnik GmbH became known nationwide as company of the year 1998 and as the first solar installer with a certified environmental management system.

The golf club Lichtenau-Weickershof e. V. was founded in 1978 and has a tournament facility that is known beyond the region and has already hosted German championships several times. The golf course was awarded the environmental prize of the German Golf Association. Honorary President Hans-Peter Müller (January 27, 1946 - February 10, 2020) was President of the Club for 26 years and has made a significant contribution to it.

Telephone prefixes

In Lichtenau the area code 09827 applies. Deviating from this, Bachmühle, Kirschendorf and Schlauersbach have the area code 09874.

Personalities

literature

Monographs

  • Robert Giersch, Andreas Schlunk, Berthold Frhr. von Haller: Castles and mansions in the Nuremberg countryside - a historical handbook based on preliminary work by Dr. Gustav Voit . Lauf an der Pegnitz, self-published by the Altnürnberger Landschaft e. V., 2006. ISBN 978-3-00-020677-1
  • Reiner Heller: History of the Lichtenau Fortress, 2013 edition, Publisher-Museumsverein-Lichtenau
  • Reiner Heller: Mills on the Franconian Rezat, from Oberdachstetten to Georgensgmünd (including a description of the mills in and around Lichtenau, e.g. in the Zandtbachtal), 1st edition 2013, self-published
  • Heinrich Holzschuher: History of the former rule, the market, the festivals and the Lichtenau prison . Nuremberg 1837.
  • Manfred Jehle: Ansbach: the margravial chief offices Ansbach, Colmberg-Leutershausen, Windsbach, the Nuremberg nursing office Lichtenau and the Deutschordensamt (Wolframs-) Eschenbach (=  historical atlas of Bavaria, part Franconia . I, 35). Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-7696-6856-8 .
  • Gerhard Rechter: Lichtenau and its people. The fortress, the market town and the manor since the 15th century. A house book (sources and research on Franconian family history, Volume 25) , Nuremberg 2010. ISBN 978-3-929865-34-9 .
  • Fritz Schnelbögl : Nürnbergs Bollwerk Lichtenau (Altnürnberger Landschaft 4th year, special issue November 1955) .
  • Wilhelm Schwemmer: Alt-Lichtenau and fortress. From the history of the village and the fortress . Korn & Berg, Nuremberg 1980, ISBN 978-3-87432-072-6 .

items

Web links

Commons : Lichtenau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Lichtenau in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ E. Fechter, p. 125.
  3. ^ Community Lichtenau in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 15, 2019.
  4. ↑ So W.-A. v. Reitzenstein, p. 131 f. According to E. Fechter, p. 125 f., The place name should mean clear, ie unwooded meadow.
  5. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, pp. 361-369; Vol. 2, pp. 743-748.
  6. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 743 f.
  7. ↑ E. Krauss, p. 38 ff.
  8. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 883.
  9. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , Government of Middle Franconia, Chamber of the Interior, Levy 1952, 3850: Formation of the municipal and rural communities in the district court Heilsbronn 1810. Quoted from M. Jehle, vol. 2, p. 963.
  10. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 44 ( digitized version ).
  11. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 964.
  12. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, pp. 999f.
  13. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 756 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ a b c d e f g h Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 421 .
  15. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 703, 706 .
  16. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 2015 as residential buildings.
  17. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 54 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Lichtenau plus the residents and buildings of Boxbrunn (p. 11), Stritthof (p. 90) and Weickershof (p. 101).
  18. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 149 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria in the period from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 174 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1043 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 165 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1208 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 61 ( digitized version ).
  24. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 174 ( digitized version ).
  25. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1095 ( digitized version ).
  26. ↑ a b c d e f g h Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 164 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  27. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1159 ( digitized version ).
  28. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1196-1197 ( digitized version ).
  29. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1028 ( digitized version ).
  30. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 170 ( digitized version ).
  31. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 329 ( digitized version ).
  32. ↑ Lichtenau (Middle Franconia): Official statistics of the LfStat
  33. ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Lichtenau (Middle Franconia)  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  34. ↑ Lichtenau. In: Kommunalflaggen.eu. Retrieved February 7, 2020 .
  35. ↑ www.kernfranken.eu