Margareten

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Margareten
V. District of Vienna
coat of arms map
Vienna - Margareten district, Wappen.svg
Innere Stadt Leopoldstadt Landstraße Wieden Margareten Mariahilf Neubau Josefstadt Alsergrund Favoriten Simmering Meidling Hietzing Penzing Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus Ottakring Hernals Währing Döbling Brigittenau Floridsdorf Donaustadt LiesingLocation of Margareten in Vienna (clickable map)
About this picture
Geographic location : 48 ° 11 ′  N , 16 ° 21 ′  E Coordinates: 48 ° 11 ′  N , 16 ° 21 ′  E
Surface: 2.03 km²
Residents: 55,123 (January 1, 2020)
Population density : 27,154 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 1050
Address of the
district council:		 Schönbrunner Strasse 54
1050 Vienna
Address of the
district office:		 Right Wienzeile 105
1050 Vienna
Website: www.wien.gv.at
politics
District Head : Susanne Schaefer-Wiery ( SPÖ )
District council
election 2015
16
8th
10
3
2
1
16 8th 10 3 2 1 
A total of 40 seats

Margaret is since 1850 part of Vienna and since 1861 the Vienna's 5th district . It lies within the belt , which was created in place of the former line wall , and was previously the suburb of Margareten, which was under manorial rule .

The district was separated from the 4th district, Wieden , in 1861 and set up as an independent district. Margareten is a typical inner district, a densely populated area with few green spaces. Margareten is a working-class district and has numerous community buildings near the belt . In 2015, the district had around 54,000 inhabitants on 201 hectares.

geography

location

Margareten is limited as follows:

Margareten is located southwest of the inner city , the 1st district, and is not directly adjacent to it. Nevertheless, it is one of the inner districts of Vienna, the extended city center. The strip of area between Hamburgerstrasse and Rechter Wienzeile belongs to the outer zone of the World Heritage Site Historic Center of Vienna .

The district area belongs to the Margarethen cadastral community , one hectare of which is in the neighboring district of Mariahilf.

The lowest point of Margareten is at about 174  m above sea level. A. in the Wiental. To the south, towards Wienerberg , the terrain rises slightly. Margareten has no sudden differences in altitude or mountains, the total difference in altitude is about 30 meters.

use

The building area of ​​Margaretens amounts to 63.8% (Vienna-wide 33.32%), with around 82% being in residential areas. At 31.7%, traffic areas make up the second largest share of the district area (13.75% throughout Vienna). The green areas only take up 4.54% of the district area (Vienna-wide 48.26%), with 91.54% being used for parks. Inner courtyards, individual trees and groups of trees as well as green areas make up the largest proportion of the green areas, plus around 80 roof gardens. Only three other districts ( Neubau , Mariahilf and Josefstadt ) have even less green space than Margareten, although the proportion of green space has doubled since 2000. There are no bodies of water, forests, allotments or areas used for agriculture in Margareten.

Land use in ha 2012
Construction area Green space Waters Traffic areas
128.1 8.5 0 64.6
Housing Service area public facilities Agriculture Parks Woods grasslands Allotments Leisure areas
112.8 10.9 4.4 0 8.1 0 0 0 0.4

Rivers and springs

Numerous springs arise in the Siebenbrunnenfeld in Oberreinprechtsdorf . 1562 received imperial court finally be the first its own water supply through the Seven Hofwasserleitung , on behalf Emperor I. Ferdinand was built. The water was collected in seven wells and conducted in cast iron pipes to a reservoir under the Augustinian Bastion in Vienna, from where it was in turn forwarded to the Hofburg . With the Margaretenbrunnen on Margaretenplatz, Emperor Franz I allowed citizens to use the court water pipe from 1829. Today the seven springs are represented by the Siebenbrunnen on Siebenbrunnenplatz.

geology

Margareten mainly consists of Pleistocene terraced gravel , which was formed between 1.75 million years and 11,500 years (during the ice ages ) before the present day. Most of the district is located on the Wienerberg terrace, which was created during the Günz Glaciation . In the direction of the Vienna River (north) there are also loess and loess loam soils, especially in the Margareten district . In the vicinity of the Vienna River, there are recent deposits (coarse clastics) that are small in size and thickness. Due to their origin from the flysch zone , they consist of loamy, flat sandstone gravel and are therefore of little importance for the city's groundwater.

climate

In Margareten there is no official weather station with long-term measurement data. Due to the proximity to the inner city and the similar development with a high proportion of buildings and streets as well as a small proportion of green areas, the official ZAMG weather station Innere Stadt can be used for the climate data in Margareten.

Like Vienna, the local climate has oceanic influences from the west and continental influences from the east. Typical of Margareten's climate are lower amounts of precipitation, little snow, many cloudy, moderately cold days in winter, sunny and hot days in summer. The winters are milder compared to the outskirts (outside the belt ), up to 2 ° C on average. The mean air temperature between 1971 and 2000 was 11.4 ° C. The average amount of precipitation is around 548 millimeters per year. 50.4  frost days and 18.6  ice days contrast with 67.6  summer days and 17.9  hot days . Margareten recorded 1883.6 hours of sunshine, with only 50.6 hours of sunshine in December, on the other hand 260.4 hours of sunshine in July. The wind usually comes from the west or northwest.

history

Hundsturm with a line wall in the 1770s

The suburbs before 1850

Before 1850, today's Margareten district comprised several independent suburbs, each of which was subordinate to a manor. The history of the individual suburbs up to 1850 can be found under the respective keywords:

Margareten becomes the fifth district

Matzleinsdorfer Platz with Südbahn in the direction of Favoriten

All suburbs of today's Margareten district were incorporated into the 4th district, Wieden , along with a number of others south of the Vienna River on March 6, 1850 . After lengthy debates in the new district, in which the relatively large west-east expansion of the new territorial unit and its different social structure were brought into play, the district was divided in 1861: the eastern, bourgeois, to the 1st and The part adjacent to the 3rd district remained the 4th district (with 55,000 residents), the part further away from the city center, a workers' district, was constituted as the new 5th district (32,000 residents) (the previous district numbers 5 to 8 became 6 to 9). The consideration of historically grown social, economic and structural differences was just as important for this change in the district division in 1850 as the example of the already existing separate police districts of Wieden and Margareten.

Thus, the former 4th district was divided in a north-south direction, across its length. The new district boundary was determined as follows: Kettenbrückengasse, Neu-Wiedner Straße (today Margaretenstraße), Kleine Neugasse, Mittersteig, Ziegelofengasse, Blechturmgasse, over the Linienwall (today: Gürtel ) to the Catholic Matzleinsdorfer Friedhof (today: Waldmüllerpark ), from this to the east Laxenburger Strasse and up to Wienerberg .

In 1874 Margareten lost the entire district south of the belt (for example the Evangelical Cemetery ) to the new 10th district, Favoriten . In 1907 Margareten was made smaller again by transferring the part of the former suburb of Hundsturm ("Neumargareten" including Hundsturmer Friedhof ) to the 12th district, Meidling , to the west outside the belt, and so it has remained until today.

The time up to the First World War

In the Matzleinsdorfer Linienkapelle the people executed at the execution site on Wienerberg were given the opportunity to have a final prayer.

When it was founded, the 5th district still had a predominantly rural character; there were numerous green spaces, gardens, meadows, fields and vegetable fields against the line wall. The area in the south-west of the district was not allowed to be built up until 1870, as the seven springs that existed here had served as court water pipes since 1562 . The area between today's Margaretenstrasse and Siebenbrunnengasse was sparsely populated. Reinprechtsdorfer Straße was only built in its northern part at that time. Most of the existing streets still ended as dead ends.

Margareten was initially a craftsmen's district, which in the 19th century developed more and more into a workers' district due to the increasing population. With increasing industrialization up to the turn of the century, the change from still rural suburbs to an ever more densely built-up metropolitan area took place in many ways. In 1869 around 54,000 people lived in 921 houses.

In 1892 the so-called suburbs on the other side of the line wall were also incorporated. In 1894 the demolition of the fortifications began. The Gürtelstrasse , which had been built parallel to it outside the wall since the 1970s, could only be expanded to its full width in the Margaretens area after the wall had been removed, as parts of the wall had previously been in the way.

By 1900 the number of houses rose to 1579 and the number of apartments was around 25,300. Around 107,000 people lived in Margareten at the turn of the century. The biggest problem in Margareten was the unfavorable living situation. At the turn of the century, an average apartment consisted of a room and kitchen and accommodated more than four people.

Between 1860 and 1912, several important institutions were created in the district: an orphanage (1864), a poor house and the Hartmannspital (1865). The new office building at Schönbrunner Strasse 54 (also responsible for the 4th district) was occupied in 1867 and the Margaretenbad was opened in 1872. In 1877 the oldest Viennese people's education association (today: polycollege ) was founded and from 1909 to 1911 the house at Stöbergasse 11-15 was occupied. The gas lighting was installed relatively late, in 1899, and the Vienna River was regulated from 1895–1900. The Lower Wiental Line of the Vienna Steam City Railway was built on the southern bank and opened on June 30, 1899 and opened up the north of the district with the stations Margaretengürtel , Pilgramgasse and Kettenbrückengasse (the name recalls the Vienna River Bridge , which was dismantled on the occasion of the vaulting). It was replaced by the Viennese electric light rail in 1925 , today the U4 runs here .

Near the Naschmarkt was in 1902 by Oskar Marmorek the Rüdigerhof built. 1907–1908 the Beth Aharon Association built the Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Jubilee Temple (Siebenbrunnengasse 1a), which was destroyed during the 1938 November pogroms . The Mittersteig prison was built in 1908–1910 next to the synagogue. In 2008, 88 prisoners were looked after by 55 prison guards . 1913–1915, the vaulting of the Wien River upstream from Schleifmühlgasse in the 4th district was extended upstream to Steggasse , which meant that Magdalenen and Rudolfs (chain) bridges were no longer available in the 5th district.

In terms of transport, the district was opened up in 1877 by a horse-drawn tramway . In the years that followed, further tram lines were added, which were converted to electrical operation in 1902 and replaced by bus lines from 1960, with the exception of Wiedner Hauptstraße and Margaretengürtel. In 1969 the tram and Badner Bahn were laid in a tunnel on the southern Margaretengürtel .

In the 19th century, Wiener Allgemeine Omnibus-AG ran a horse-powered bus line to Matzleinsdorf. The local railway Vienna – Baden has been running through Margareten for more than 100 years and built the Vienna Wolfganggasse depot in what was then the district area (today: Meidling) .

Between the wars and the war period until 1945

Metzleinstaler Hof around 1922

Although the population in Margareten decreased, the need to catch up in housing construction was relatively large. The number of houses rose from 1563 to 1626 between 1910 and 1923 and remained almost the same with 1618 houses in 1934 despite strong municipal construction activity. There were two reasons for this: firstly, larger residential complexes were built and, secondly, the houses were built higher and the number of four- and five-story houses increased.

In order to alleviate the great housing shortage after the First World War, municipal housing was built in Vienna . The free area in Margareten - along the "Drasche belt" (as the street was unofficially called after the brick manufacturer Heinrich von Drasche-Wartinberg ) - offered the opportunity to build large communal residential buildings. From 1919 to 1920 the Metzleinstaler Hof was built , the first residential building in the municipality of Vienna, with 244 apartments. By 1930 five more large residential buildings were built, giving the belt the colloquial name "Ringstrasse des Proletariat".

During the civil war in 1934, the workers' district offered resistance to the dictatorial corporate state. The Reumannhof , a community building from 1924, had a central function as a main base of the Schutzbund and was held by the Schutzbund for a long time. On February 12, 1934, at around 2 pm, the fighting broke out at Reumannhof, which only ended when the general strike collapsed at 8 pm; thereupon the entrenched Schutzbund surrendered.

The Margareten synagogue located in Siebenbrunnengasse 1a was destroyed during the Reichskristallnacht ; the Jewish Viennese were discriminated against and terrorized as in all of Vienna. During the Second World War , large parts of Margareten were destroyed by air raids, as facilities essential to the war such as the southern railway and the Matzleinsdorf freight station are located on the district border. The area around the Wien River was just as badly damaged.

When Vienna was liberated by the Red Army , there was no fighting in the area of ​​the office building occupied by the Volkssturm and SS , as the Volkssturm units fled during an air raid. On April 10, 1945, the Soviet army arrived in Margareten and set up the Russian command office in Obere Amtshausgasse 3–5 (former employment office). Most of the streets were impassable after the end of the war, and there was no light or gas. Public transport was also out of order and the parks served as storage sites for rubble and rubbish. Homelessness, illness, hunger and chaos shaped the immediate post-war period.

Since the Second World War

The high number of betting offices on Reinprechtsdorfer Strasse is a typical problem for the district's socio-economic situation.
The Margaretengürtel encloses the southern edge of the district as an axis of poor quality of stay and quality of life.

During the years of the occupation (1945 to 1955) Margareten was part of the British sector of Vienna. With the help of the excavators, slicers and trucks made available by the English, as well as the use of over 37,000 people who worked over 300,000 hours, the clearing work could be advanced quickly, so that Margareten became the first Vienna district to be free of debris on September 19, 1946 and the reconstruction could begin.

Municipal housing in the interwar period was continued, and the Matzleinsdorfer high-rise was built between 1954 and 1957 , with which a new architectural style was introduced for municipal housing . Instead of the previously common blocks of flats from the interwar period, detached houses were built in a relaxed style. Nevertheless, the population decreased in the following years until 2001. The number of foreign populations, especially ex-Yugoslavs and Turks, increased considerably. The biggest problem in Margaretner housing is the obsolescence of the building stock, as around 60% of the around 2000 buildings were built before the First World War. Around 75% of all apartments are rental apartments. Municipal residential buildings are very well represented with 17% of all houses.

As in the other districts of Vienna, space was made for car traffic and valuable building material was sacrificed, buses replaced trams. In the course of the construction of the Unterpflaster tram along the belt, the baroque Matzleinsdorf parish church ( Florianikirche ) in the middle of Wiedner Hauptstrasse was demolished in 1965 despite protests from the population. The new church was built as a parish church without a tower on the corner of Wiedner Hauptstrasse and Laurenzgasse. In addition, the Reinprechtsdorf Bridge and the Pilgram Bridge were expanded. In September 1969 the S-Bahn station Matzleinsdorfer Platz was opened, and thus Margareten got a connection to a second, high-ranking network of local public transport in addition to the Vienna Stadtbahn . From 1976 the light rail was finally rebuilt and replaced by the U4 in 1980.

In 1986, the former Margaretenbad was demolished and converted into an adventure pool with a water slide by 1989. The Margaretenbad has been home to a fitness center since 2006 . In 1990 the city built a senior citizens' home in Arbeitergasse. Almost the entire district area was traffic-calmed with the exception of the thoroughfares, and the parking problem was alleviated by the introduction of parking space management (on June 2, 1997). Increasingly, bike lanes were built and some one-way lanes were opened for one-way cycling. In 1999 there was a slight change in the district boundaries, with the boundary line to the 4th district being shifted in the area of ​​Kettenbrückengasse.

Since the year 2000, the proportion of greenery in Margareten has been increased by planting some trees and leaving parking spaces when the streets are being rebuilt. In this way, some streets in Margareten have already been redesigned, such as Obere Amtshausgasse. In addition, the joint vegetation at the parking lot in the middle of the belt was tested in 2007 .

Due to the increasing noise (car traffic, railroad, S-Bahn) in the area of ​​the belt , an 18-meter-high and 150-meter-long noise barrier was built in 2007 at the “ Theodor-Körner-Hof ” community housing complex . The elements are made of glass to bring enough light and brightness into the area between the houses. In the top row, a 190 m² photovoltaic system from Wien Energie was installed, which was used for the first time in this form. Due to the new arrangement of the privacy strips to avoid reflections, measures for bird protection have been taken.

population

Population development
Source: Statistics.at

Population development

In 1869 there were 54,010 people living in the district. In the following 30 to 40 years, the population doubled to almost 108,000. Although the large community buildings were built along the belt after the First World War , the population fell continuously until the 2001 census due to the increased housing needs. Since then, there has been a slight increase in the resident population again.

Margareten is the most densely populated district in Vienna with over 26,000 inhabitants / km².

Population structure

The proportion of people aged 60 and over was below average in 2001 at 19.7%, as this proportion is 22.2% in the entire city of Vienna. The proportion of the population under 15 was 14.3%. At 52.4%, the proportion of the female population was exactly the same as Vienna's average.

Of the 42,111 residents of Margareten, who were over 15 years old in 2001, 12.6% have completed a university , technical college or academy as the highest school education (Vienna-wide: 11.8%). Another 16.4% have completed a Matura (Vienna-wide: 15.7%), 34.2% had an apprenticeship qualification or a vocational middle school (Vienna-wide: 39.2%) and 36.9% of Margaretners have the compulsory school as their highest degree (Vienna-wide: 33.2%).

The average annual net income of an employee in 2015 was 19,039 euros net (Vienna: 21,271 euros), that of a pensioner was 18,199 euros net (Vienna: 20,027 euros). The male population earned 20,320 euros net per person (pensioner: 19,778 euros), while the female population earned only 17,643 euros net per person (pensioner: 17,064 euros). Overall, Margareten was around 10% below the average income in Vienna.

Origin and language

The proportion of Margaretners with foreign citizenship was 23.2% in 2001, around 6% above the average in Vienna. 7% of Margaretners were citizens of Serbia or Montenegro , 4.4% are Turkish citizens. They are followed by Bosniaks (2.3%) as well as Croats and Germans , whose share of the population is, however, only between 1 and 1.5%. Overall, around 32% of Margaretners were born in another country in 2001, so only 64.4% of Margaretners stated German as a colloquial language. Another 10.2% spoke mainly Serbian , 7.6% Turkish , 3.4% Croatian and 1.1% Hungarian . In 2012, 89% of primary school students in the district were of non-Austrian origin or their mother tongue was not German. Their share in the pupils of all school types except for vocational schools was 57.5% in 2009.

Creed

The proportion of people with a Roman Catholic faith is 42.2%. There are three Roman Catholic parishes in the municipality, which belong to city ​​dean's office 4/5 . Proportionally behind the people with a Roman Catholic religion follow 11.9% with an Islamic religion and 9.6% with an Orthodox religion. The supporters of the Evangelical Church are in fourth place with 4.3%. 24.6% of Margaretners are without religious beliefs.

politics

District chairman since 1919
Albert Hummel ( SDAP ) 1919-1921
Leopold Rister (SDAP) 1921-1934
No district head 1934-1945
Fritz Lendvai ( KPÖ ) 4 / 1945–7 / 1945
Max Tober (SPÖ) 1945-1950
Franz Grubeck (SPÖ) 1950-1962
Otto Reisz (SPÖ) 1962-1969
Johann Walter (SPÖ) 1969-1989
Kurt Heinrich (SPÖ) 1989-1999
Kurt Wimmer (SPÖ) 1999-2013
Susanne Schaefer-Wiery (SPÖ) since 2013

In the elections to the municipal council in April 1891, since not all men and no women were eligible to vote, all six seats were won by the Christian Social Party (the predecessor party of the ÖVP ). Only in 1906 did the Christian social front break through in Margareten, when Franz Domes was elected representative of the Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) . Due to the electoral law that existed until 1919, Christian social dominance was retained.

Since the introduction of universal suffrage in Vienna in 1919, Margareten had, with the exception of the years 1934 to 1945, only social democratic district heads , the first of whom was Albert Hummel. The number of mandataries in the district council changed regularly, since the 1987 elections there have been 40 district councils in Margareten. In the 1987 election, these mandates were distributed as follows: 22  SPÖ , 12 ÖVP, 4  FPÖ and 2 GAL (Greens).

In the district council election on November 10, 1991, the SPÖ gained only a relative majority with 19 seats, the FPÖ with 9 seats, the ÖVP slipped to third with 8 seats and the GAL had 4 seats. Kurt Heinrich was re-elected as district head, Heinrich Koch as deputy, Martina Pucher (ÖVP) was replaced by Dietmar Brandl (FPÖ). The 1996 elections were marked by a massive loss of votes for the two large parties (SPÖ and ÖVP) and gains for the small parties (FPÖ, Greens and LIF ).

In 2001 the election was marked by the votes won by the SPÖ and the Greens. The FPÖ lost over 7% of the votes in 1996, but remained the second largest group . The Greens overtook the ÖVP and were the third strongest force. The number of mandates in 2001 was: 18 SPÖ, 8 FPÖ, 7 Greens, 6 ÖVP and 1 LIF.

In the 2005 district council elections, the Greens won strong votes and became the second largest group. This started a development in Margareten that can already be observed in other districts within the belt - the Greens are disputing the district chairman with the SPÖ. The FPÖ lost many votes and is only the fourth strongest party. Each of the two major parties gained about 1% of the votes. The LIF, the KPÖ , the BZÖ did not make it into the district council. Therefore, the number of mandates in 2005 was: 18 SPÖ, 10 Greens, 7 ÖVP and 5 FPÖ.

In the last district council elections on October 10, 2010, the FPÖ gained strong votes, which was able to overtake the ÖVP and become the third largest parliamentary group. Both the SPÖ and the Greens held up with slight losses, while the ÖVP was - like Vienna-wide - the biggest loser. The KPÖ made it into the district representation with a mandate with just under 3%, the LIF and the BZÖ did not. The SPÖ continues to hold 18 mandates, 9 are from the Greens, 7 from the FPÖ, 5 from the ÖVP and 1 from the KPÖ.

On March 19, 2013, Susanne Schaefer-Wiery was sworn in as district head. She succeeded Kurt Wimmer, who was at the head of the Margareten district for almost 14 years.

District council elections 1991–2015
year SPÖ ÖVP FPÖ Green LIF KPÖ Others
1991 45.06 19.92 21.45 10.83 n. k. k. A. 1.25
1996 33.74 18.39 26.86 11.46 7.57 n. k. 1.98
2001 41.35 15.08 19.80 18.21 3.64 1.24 0.68
2005 42.71 16.80 12.75 23.48 0.64 2.22 1.44
2010 41.26 13.38 17.73 22.86 1.11 2.79 0.87
2015 38.75 8.14 19.89 22.84 O O 10.38

coat of arms

District coat of arms Margareten

The coat of arms of the district is divided into six and represents the six former suburbs Margareten, Nikolsdorf, Matzleinsdorf, Hundsturm, Reinprechtsdorf and Laurenzergrund brought together. The six coats of arms are assigned as follows:

  • Margareten (center) : It shows Saint Margaret of Antioch sitting on clouds in front of a golden background. Below her lies a green dragon . The coat of arms goes back to the chapel donated in Margaret Castle in the late 14th century .
  • Nikolsdorf (top left) : It shows Saint Nicholas on a red background on a green meadow. The coat of arms was chosen because the place was originally called Nikolausdorf in honor of the founder Nikolaus Oláh.
  • Matzleinsdorf (top right) : The right, upper part of the coat of arms also shows Florian , a saint. This symbol for the Matzleinsdorf district was chosen because Florian is the patron of the local parish church.
  • Dog storm (bottom left) : A silver tower is depicted on a blue background, from which a jumping, silver unicorn protrudes. The speaking coat of arms symbolizes the castle of the same name, built in 1672.
  • Reinprechtsdorf (bottom right) : It shows a blue, gold-decorated orb that was taken from the seal of the Vienna Citizens' Hospital. This was the landlord of the place until the 18th century .
  • Laurenzergrund (bottom center) : It shows the symbol of the martyrdom of St. Laurentius , who was tortured to death on a grate.

Culture and sights

Margaretenhof with Margaretenbrunnen in the foreground
St. Joseph Church
Forward building
Entrance to the movie casino
Economic Museum

building

The castle-like Margaretenhof, which was built in 1884/85, is located on Margaretenplatz. In the late historical courtyard, the architectural idea of ​​the urban apartment building and the cottage are closely interwoven - in the form of an imposing residential courtyard with a small avenue. All Margaretenhof houses have a small front garden and a garden portal. Which is in the vicinity of the right Wienzeile pilgramgasse the forward-building . It was the seat of the Republican Schutzbund , the party headquarters of the SDAP and the Vorwärts-Verlag. Instead of the demolished outbuildings of the forward building, a hotel was built.

The numerous community buildings near the belt are particularly distinctive for Margareten . The first municipal housing in Vienna was the Metzleinstaler Hof (1919/20) on the Margaretengürtel. The Reumannhof gained notoriety during the civil war as the supposedly impregnable main base of the Schutzbund. In the post-war period, the Matzleinsdorfer high-rise (south tower), a striking 20-storey high-rise near Matzleinsdorfer Platz, was built.

Religious institutions

In Margareten there are six churches , a free church denomination, four Islamic places of prayer and a Thai Buddhist temple.

The Church of St. Joseph was built in 1765–1769 as the new poor house church. The church is not only a baroque gem near the office building, Franz Schubert was consecrated here before he was buried in the Währing cemetery . This is reminiscent of a plaque that was attached to the outer wall by the Wiener Schubertbund 100 years after his death. The baroque Matzleinsdorf parish church ( Florianikirche ) stood in the middle of Wiedner Hauptstrasse until 1965 . The new church was built as a parish church without a tower on the corner of Wieder Hauptstrasse and Laurenzgasse. The Vienna Youth Church has been located here since 2005 .

There are two Catholic monasteries in Margareten. The Order of the Franciscan Sisters of Christian Love has been located in Hartmanngasse since 1865 and runs the Hartmannspital . In 1898 some Poor Clares came to Vienna from Lemberg . The church and monastery in Gartengasse were built in 1909/1911.

The Evangelical Superintendentur AB Vienna has its headquarters in Hamburgerstrasse.

theatre

Currently (2007) there are four theaters in Margareten . The youngest and smallest theater is the "blackbox theater", which was only opened in September 2006 and has 29 seats. This theater also functions as a studio stage for the ACT & FUN drama school. The Scala Theater was opened in 1995 in the former Atlantiskino on Wieder Hauptstrasse. The theater room can accommodate 100 to 160 spectators. More than 100 performances take place every year, almost exclusively in-house productions. The flexibility of the theater space enables unusual and experimental forms of play as well as “conventional” room solutions and is home to the largest “free” theater ensemble in Vienna. Another theater is the “Spektakel” in Hamburgerstrasse, which primarily plays cabaret . Margaretens fourth theater is the Volx / Margareten (formerly “Volkstheater Hundsturm”), a branch of the Vienna Volkstheater in the railway workers' home , which is mainly used for experimental theater work.

movie theater

The death of the cinema did not pass by in Margareten without a trace. After cinemas like the “Atlantis”, the “Eden”, the cinema in the railway house and the “Metropol” had to shut down, the district managed to save the last suburban cinema palace of the 1950s in Vienna, the “Filmcasino” . As early as 1911 there was a cinematograph theater at Margaretenstrasse 78, which showed films until 1919 . The current film casino was later renamed Margaretner Bürgererkino. A group of cinema enthusiasts managed to win the community of Vienna over to their cause. With public funds, a bank and the Stöbergasse film house, the film casino was renovated and equipped with modern technology. The film casino was able to reopen its doors on September 21, 1989. Today the cinema is one of the guarantors for the presentation of high quality filmmaking and is a member of the "Europa Cinemas".

Museums

The district museum Margareten in the administrative building of the 5th district has concentrated on the history of the district and its inhabitants - in words and pictures.

The Austrian Society and Economic Museum and the Coffee Museum are located at Vogelsanggasse 36 . The economic museum has set itself the goal of presenting social and economic facts in a simple and understandable way. In addition, lectures on current economic topics are regularly offered in the Economic Museum, most of which can be attended free of charge. The coffee museum was founded in 2003 and deals with coffee "From the plant to the cup" and also offers seminars on the subject of coffee .

The Association for the History of the Labor Movement (VGA) houses the fourth museum of Margaretens in the Rechten Wienzeile 97. The association was founded in 1959 and collects sources on the history of the Austrian labor movement . The museum collection consists of flags , busts, the Victor Adler memorial room with original furniture and a May Day collection.

The Restituta documentation “Faith against Nazi violence” in Nikolsdorfer Gasse 38 is an exhibition on Austrian church and contemporary history. It especially shows the life and work of the Hartmann sister Maria Restituta . Sr. Restituta was a nun who was executed by the National Socialists in 1943 and beatified in 1998 .

Sports

The most important and well-known sports club in Margareten is the handball club Fivers WAT Margareten , which has existed since 1919. The Fivers play in the top Austrian league and were Austrian national champions in 2011, 2016 and 2018. From 2012 to 2016 they won at least one Austrian Cup (ÖHB-Cup or HLA-Supercup) every year. The Heimathalle is located in Hollgasse near Matzleinsdorfer Platz.

In Margareten itself, due to the lack of suitable football fields, there is no football club, but the Margareten Sports Union is a sports club with offers for volleyball, table tennis and gymnastics. The club was founded in 1903 and the club house is located at Stolberggasse 49.

The two football clubs belonging to Margareten are the Margaretner Athletics Club (MAC), founded in 1926, and the Margaretner Sportverein 81 (MSV 81). The two clubs play on courses in Meidling.

recreation

In Magareten there is a 6000 m² Beserlpark , the Bacherpark . It is a recreation area with a children's playground and a dog zone . In June 2006 an underground car park was supposed to be built here, which was prevented by public protests.

Regular events

The Margaretner District Festival Weeks were held annually in May and June until 2008 . In the Advent season to Christmas markets to visit. In contrast to the big Viennese Christmas markets, these markets are usually short-term and hardly last longer than a weekend. In 2007 the Christmas market organized by the Margareten Aktiv cultural association took place for the first time in favor of “Save St. Stephen's Cathedral ”.

The networking project “Margareten cultural - artist almanac” published a brochure for the first time in May 2008, in which all of Margareten's cultural workers are listed.

At the beginning of summer, the one-week open-air cinema has been taking place in Bruno-Kreisky-Park for a number of years , where science fiction films are shown. Since the event is free, it is usually well attended when the weather is nice.

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Margareten was initially a craft district, with numerous gardens, fields and vegetable fields in the southwest against the line wall . In the course of the construction, the agriculturally used areas disappeared completely. Most of the historical industrial companies relocated over the years, only in the late founding quarters are numerous companies located on the ground floor and in the courtyards.

In recent years, the number of workplaces in Margareten has increased. The vast majority of businesses are small businesses with a maximum of four employees. The retail and storage sector leads the way, followed by public and personal services, money and credit , insurance, and economic services. Commerce and industry are only in fourth place . Of the 17,069 employees in the district, 16,007 commute, 12,176 within Vienna. The supply of goods for daily needs is ensured by the shops that are well distributed throughout the district, most of which are located on Reinprechtsdorfer Straße and in the area around Margaretenplatz.

An important employer in the public service is the headquarters of MA 48 (waste management, street cleaning and vehicle fleet) in Einsiedlergasse 2. Other important companies are Manz Crossmedia and Schiebel Electronic Equipment , a high-tech company known for unmanned helicopters .

traffic

Street map of the district

The district is bounded in the north ( Wienzeile ), in the south and west ( Gürtel ) by important main roads. In the district itself, Reinprechtsdorfer Straße, Schönbrunner Straße ( B1 ), Wiedner Hauptstraße , Margaretenstraße and Matzleinsdorfer Platz with a connection to Triester Straße ( B17 ) are among the main roads. Margareten has a total of 109 municipal roads with a length of 37.8 kilometers. With 291 passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants, the district had the third lowest car motorization level of all districts in Austria in 2016.

The bicycle traffic facilities in the district cover 28.3 kilometers (2015) and thus form a close-knit network. In the district, cycling is taking on an increasingly important position in private transport, as it is allowed to ride a bicycle against some one-way lanes. A manual count at Margaritensteg (near Rüdigerhof ) in June 2007 determined a number of 901 cyclists per day in the cycling season (April - October), of which 584 were on the way into town. Margareten also has six city ​​bike stations, most of which are located near important public transport stops. These rental bikes can be used free of charge in the city for one hour after registering.

A tram set on the Eichenstrasse ramp.

The public transport is mainly by the Wiener Linien settled. Before the First World War, numerous tram lines were laid in the many narrow streets . After the Second World War, the trend reversed and the former tram lines 13, 61 and 63 were abandoned between 1951 and 1961 and replaced by buses. The tram line 6 (leading via Reinprechtsdorfer Straße to Mariahilf) was routed via the Gürtel from 1969, instead of this a bus line (14A) was introduced. Thus, today's tram lines run either under the Wiedner Hauptstraße (lines: 1, 62 and Badner Bahn ) or on the Gürtel (lines: 6 and 18) for the most part as underground trams .

The four bus routes within the district are primarily used to transport passengers to the subway or S-Bahn at the district border (lines: 12A, 13A, 14A and 59A). At the district border there are three underground stations of the U4 line, tram stops (lines: 1, 6, 18, 62), Badner Bahn and S-Bahn ( stop Wien Matzleinsdorfer Platz ).

On the night Margareten between 00:30 pm and 05:00 AM from the buses of Nightline served. The bus lines N6 and N62 are in daily operation, the line N71 only on weekends and the line N60 only on working days Monday to Friday. The underground lines run non-stop on the nights before Saturday, Sunday and public holidays.

Matzleinsdorfer Platz is a major traffic and transfer hub in the south, as inner-city and regional bus lines, night bus lines, tram lines, the Badner Bahn and S-Bahn lines (with the exception of the S6 to Wiener Neustadt via the Pottendorfer line ) serve this place. The nearest railway stations with long-distance holding are in the 10th district located main railway station and in the 12th district, located Vienna Meidling station .

Healthcare

The Hartmannspital , the only hospital in Margareten , has stood at Nikolsdorfer Gasse 26–36 since 1865 . This hospital has been run by the Order of the Franciscan Sisters of Christian Love since the beginning . In 1977 and 1994 the hospital was enlarged by building extensions. The hospital currently includes the following departments: internal department , inpatient pain therapy , acute geriatrics / remobilization , pulmonology , surgery , anesthesia , intensive medicine , x-ray coordination , physiotherapy and outpatient departments .

There are also a total of 132 resident doctors in Margareten, 52 general practitioners and 80 specialists (January 2018). Nine pharmacies supply the residents with medicines and health services.

education

Margareten has five elementary schools , three secondary schools , one special school , two grammar schools , a commercial academy , a technical college , an IT school and a vocational school .

The HTL Spengergasse with around 1,450 students and 178 teachers is an important educational institution. This school is the oldest HTL in Austria and was founded in 1758 by Empress Maria Theresia . The subjects are: Art and Design, Operations Management and EDP & Organization. This HTL is housed in the former Landwehr equipment depot.

The EDV school is a one-year school with a focus on IT specialist training. Your goal is to integrate graduates directly into working life.

The Institute for High Energy Physics of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Nikolsdorfer Gasse 18 (former district office 1862–1867) is the only university research facility in the district. The Institute for High Energy Physics deals with the research of the smallest building blocks of matter and the forces (interactions) acting between them. To this end, the institute works together with the European Research Center for Particle Physics CERN in Geneva.

The adult education center (VHS) polycollege in Margareten has existed for 120 years . The polycollege is the largest of Vienna's 18 adult education centers and was founded in 1887 as the “Vienna People's Education Association”. The head office is currently located at Stöbergasse 11–15 and has six branches in the 4th and 5th district. The polycollege organizes around 20% of all VHS events in Vienna with around 24,000 course participants per year.

safety

There are two police stations of the Federal Police in Margareten, located at Viktor-Christ-Gasse 19 and Schönbrunner Straße 34. The former guard room at Siebenbrunnenfeldgasse 7 was closed in 2014 as part of the restructuring of the Vienna State Police Department. The Margareten City Police Command, which is responsible for the Margareten, Wieden and Mariahilf districts, is located in Viktor-Christ-Gasse .

Personalities

Bust of Hans Moser
Bruno Kreisky memorial plaque on the house where he was born

In 1796 the Austrian Augustinian canon Adam Schreck was born in Margareten. In Klosterneuburg Abbey , he founded a fruit and viticulture school, which within a short time rose to become one of the best specialist wine schools in Europe.

Some important artists also come from Margareten. On August 6, 1880, the popular Viennese folk actor and film actor Hans Moser , whose real name was Johann Julier, was born in the district as the son of a sculptor. A memorial plaque on the house where he was born in Rechten Wienzeile 93 commemorates the actor.

The well-known Wienerlied singer and composer Ernst Arnold lived in the Rüdigerhof at Hamburgerstraße 20. A memorial plaque on the facade reminds of this.

The writer Ernst Hinterberger lived in a community building in Margareten. Hinterberger wrote a large number of books and with A real Viennese does not go under and the Kaisermühlen-Blues the life of the "little people" was the theme . The writer Friederike Mayröcker also lives in Margareten and is considered one of the most important contemporary Austrian poets .

With Andreas P. Pittler another writer living in Margareten. He grew up in the Margareten district and now lives in Matzleinsdorf. Pittler became known for his detective novels, but also for numerous non-fiction books and biographies.

Born on February 19, 1957, the pop singer Falco  - whose real name is Johann Hölzel - grew up in Ziegelofengasse . After his death in a traffic accident in the Dominican Republic in 1998, the Falcostiege (at the beginning of Hamburgerstrasse) was named after him in 2003 .

The peace activist Waluliso spent part of his life in Margareten. Between 1944 and his death in 1996 he lived on Wehrgasse on just nine square meters.

Sr. Maria Restituta , sister of the " Franciscan Sisters of Christian Love " ( Hartmanngasse and Hartmannspital ) since 1914 , was executed by the National Socialists in 1943 for "favoring the enemy and preparing for high treason ". On June 21, 1998, she was beatified by Pope John Paul II in Vienna.

Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky , well-known architect and resistance fighter against National Socialism, also lived in Margareten for a long time. The Schütte-Lihotzky-Park opposite the Mittersteig prison is a reminder of this personality.

Bruno Kreisky , one of the most famous social democrats in Austria, was born on January 22nd, 1911 at Schönbrunner Strasse 122. Among other things, Kreisky was ambassador, state secretary in the Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs and party chairman of the Socialist Party of Austria ( SPÖ ). Kreisky became Federal Chancellor in 1970 and remained so until 1983.

Karl Freiherr von Vogelsang , the Christian social reformer , lived at Laurenzgasse 3. Vogelsanggasse commemorates this reformer. Karl Lueger , the Christian Social Mayor of Vienna, also lived in Margareten for five years at Hamburgerstrasse 9.

The career of entrepreneur and investor Karl Wlaschek began in Margareten . In 1953, the then 36-year-old pianist opened his first discount perfumery. In the years that followed, the BILLA retail chain , the largest private employer in Austria, came into being in 2007.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistics Austria - Population at the beginning of 2002–2020 by municipalities (area status 01/01/2020)
  2. ↑ District council elections 2015
  3. ↑ Austrian Map Online: Austrian Map start page
  4. ↑ a b Municipal Department 5 (MA5): Types of use by district , as of 2012
  5. ^ City of Vienna: Green area situation in Margareten 1999 (PDF; 62 kB), as of April 8, 2008
  6. ^ The Geology of Vienna: Geological Map of the City of Vienna , as of April 8, 2008
  7. ^ The Geology of Vienna: Quaternary loose sediments , as of April 8, 2008
  8. ^ ZAMG: Climate data from Austria 1971–2000 , as of April 8, 2008
  9. ^ Carl Vasquez-Pinas von Löwenthal : Die kaiserl. royal Capital and residence city of Vienna with its suburbs and immediate surroundings. Ch. F. Schade, Vienna 1830. See modern tracing .
  10. ↑ Reinprechtsdorfer Straße between hope and cynicism , Der Standard, February 13, 2015.
  11. ↑ Law on changes to the boundaries between the 3rd, 4th and 5th district (LGBl. For Vienna 13/1999), issued on February 5, 1999
  12. ↑ Fitness chain takes over the Margaretenbad. Retrieved March 25, 2015 .
  13. ↑ The standard: Margareten lets it sprout green between the paving stones , as of July 25, 2007
  14. ↑ Noise protection wall “Theodor-Körner-Hof”. Wien Energie, accessed on August 17, 2016 .
  15. ↑ Census of May 15, 2001. Final resident population and number of citizens (with population development since 1869). District of Vienna: Vienna 5th, Margareten , on Statistics.at (PDF; 12 kB).
  16. ↑ a b c Statistics Austria: Census 2001 - Demographic data (PDF; 10 kB)
  17. ↑ Statistics Austria: 2001 Census - Resident Population (PDF; 10 kB)
  18. ↑ Statistical Yearbook of the City of Vienna 2017. (PDF) Part 3: People in Vienna. Magistrate of the City of Vienna, November 2017, p. 151 f. , accessed January 21, 2018 .
  19. ^ School: 89 percent of migrants in Margareten , Die Presse, December 19, 2012
  20. ^ Vienna: In some classes only migrants sit , Die Presse, March 30, 2009
  21. ^ City of Vienna: Vienna election results - statistics ( Memento from October 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  22. ^ City of Vienna: Margareten district representative elections 2010
  23. ^ City of Vienna: Margareten district representative elections 2015
  24. ↑ Poor Clares: Poor Clare Monastery in German-speaking countries - Vienna ( Memento from January 29, 2005 in the Internet Archive ), as of April 5, 2008
  25. ↑ District Museum Margareten: The History of the Museum , as of April 22, 2009
  26. ^ Economic Museum : Organization , as of April 8, 2008
  27. ^ Coffee Museum: History of the Coffee Museum ( Memento from March 31, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), as of April 8, 2008
  28. ^ City of Vienna: Association for the History of the Labor Movement ( Memento from December 17, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) as of April 5, 2008
  29. ^ Franciscan Sisters: Restituta Documentation , as of April 8, 2008
  30. ↑ Achievements & History | Fivers WAT Margareten handball club. In: www.fivers.at. Retrieved November 19, 2016 .
  31. ↑ Margareten 2008, brochure Margareten cultural - artist almanac , edition 05/2008
  32. ↑ Kulturverein Margareten Aktiv: Christmas Market ( Memento from September 10, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) October 2009
  33. ↑ District Representation Margareten: Margareten cultural - artists and cultural workers in the 5th district as of June 30, 2009
  34. ↑ Science fiction in the park
  35. ↑ a b Statistical Yearbook of the City of Vienna 2016. (PDF) Part 6: District portraits. Magistrat der Stadt Wien, November 2016, p. 288 , accessed on May 28, 2017 .
  36. ↑ VCÖ: Outside Vienna, the number of cars is increasing twice as much as the number of inhabitants. In: www.vcoe.at. Verkehrsclub Österreich , May 22, 2017, accessed on May 28, 2017 .
  37. ↑ Vienna - Statistics: Census of bicycle traffic (PDF; 65 kB), status 2007
  38. ^ Wiener Ärzte: Wiener Ärzte with ordination , as of January 2018

literature

  • Dagmar Spitznagl: Vienna-Margareten. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2002, ISBN 3-89702-473-X .
  • Christine Klusacek, Kurt Stimmer: Margareten. Between yesterday and tomorrow. Mohl Verlag, Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-901761-16-0 .
  • Peter Diem, Michael Göbl, Eva Saibel: The Viennese districts. Your story - your personalities - your coat of arms. Deuticke Verlag, Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-85223-463-8 .
  • Inge Podbrecky: The Margaretner Castle. Contributions to the art topography of the 5th district of Vienna. In: Austrian magazine for art and monument preservation. XLI, 1987, pp. 88-98.

Web links

Commons : Margareten  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on January 20, 2007 .