Feucht (Middle Franconia)

Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Middle Franconia
County :	Nuremberg country
Height :	360 m above sea level NHN
Area :	9.81 km 2
Residents:	14,050 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	1433 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	90537
Area code :	09128
License plate :	LAU, ESB , HEB, N , PEG
Community key :	09 5 74 123
Market structure:	5 parts of the community
; Market administration address :	Main street 33 ; 90537 moist
Website :	www.feucht.de
First Mayor :	Jörg Kotzur (independent)
Location of the Feucht market in the Nürnberger Land district

Aerial view of Feucht, looking north, the A 9 on the left

town hall

Feucht is a market in the central Franconian district of Nürnberger Land , which borders the area of the city of Nuremberg .

geography

Geographical location

Surrounded all around by the Reichswald, the townscape of Feucht is essentially shaped by the green band of the Gauchsbach valley, which runs from northeast to southwest . Straightened around 1928 and enclosed in a concrete bed inside, the stream was meandered again through various renaturation measures .

Community structure

The Feucht market has 5 districts :

Feucht (main town)
Gauchsmühle
Hahnhof
Moosbach
Weiherhaus

Neighboring communities

Neighboring municipalities are (starting in the north clockwise): Nürnberg , Winkelhaid , Schwarzenbruck and Wendelstein .

history

middle Ages

Presumably in the 8th to the 10th century at the latest, a daughter chapel was founded in Feucht by the ducal or royal court of that time in Altdorf (or Altdorf-Rasch). Feucht was mentioned for the first time in 1189, at that time the place belonged to the imperial domination administered from Nuremberg and was the seat of an imperial servant family. From 11/12 onwards, Feucht belonged to Century a customs office for the bridge toll over the Schwarzach near Ochenbruck.

The name of the place is traced back to the Old High German viuhtje - fichta , i.e. to the spruce (dialect Féichdn ). The coat of arms shows the so-called Zeidelmännchen with a crossbow over his shoulder, standing next to a coat of arms that shows a beehive on a green background . Due to its location in the imperial forest, Feucht has been a center of beekeeping with honey and wax extraction, the so-called Zeidlerei , since the Middle Ages . Moist honey used to be the basis for the famous Nuremberg gingerbread . In 1296 the Zeidlers had their own jurisdiction and their own Zeidelmeister. In 1350 the Zeidler received privileges from Emperor Charles IV: their own Zeidel court (until 1796) and Zeidler rights. For this they were obliged to serve the emperor with arms with the crossbow .

With the fall of the Hohenstaufen the Reichsland or Reichsdominium dissolved. The burgraves of Nuremberg and the imperial city of Nuremberg pushed into the power vacuum . The city of Nuremberg secured numerous rights in the Reichswald, but the exact delimitation (especially the jurisdiction) was not regulated. An agreement was only reached when the burgraves were enfeoffed with the Mark Brandenburg and needed money: The imperial city of Nuremberg acquired most of the rights in 1427, but the burgrave retained some rights (the high wild ban , the district court and forest rights). From this, the burgraves or margraves of Ansbach-Bayreuth later derived claims to the entire imperial forest and also to Feucht.

As a result of the Hussite trains (1429/30) Nuremberg received the right from the emperor to fortify Feucht in 1431. 1439–41 militias were formed to defend themselves against the Hussites. Moist became the seat of a senior administration, to which the neighboring towns of Ochenbruck, Schwarzenbruck, Gauchsmühle, Moosbach, Rummelsberg and Affalterbach also provided forces.

Modern times

When in 1497 the Reichstag passed the common pfennig , a tax for all over 15-year-olds, 80 households with 200 people over 15 were counted in Feucht.

In 1504, during the War of the Landshut Succession, 2000 Palatine soldiers from Neumarkt approached and burned Feucht and the customs buildings in Ochenbruck. The Reformation was introduced in 1525 and in 1550 the imperial city of Nuremberg bought a further 21 properties in Feucht in order to secure its rule in the place. In 1552/53, Feucht and the customs buildings in Ochenbruck were destroyed again during the Second Margrave War.

During the Thirty Years' War , like many other places in the Nuremberg region, the community suffered from billeting :

October 1621: Troops under Ernst von Mansfeld (Evangelical Union)
End of 1621: 21,000 imperial soldiers under Tilly , in pursuit of Mansfeld
1632–34 changing billeting. At that time Wallenstein and Gustav Adolf faced each other in Nuremberg .
September 1649: The Swedish troops leave Feucht.

In the following wars, too, the passage of troops burdened Feucht (1697, 1709/10, 1735/38, 1791, 1795–99).

In 1792 the last Margrave, Karl Alexander, abdicated and sold his land to the Kingdom of Prussia . The Prussian minister Freiherr von Hardenberg, who had his seat in Ansbach, enforced the sovereignty over the forests that had been claimed for centuries. In 1796 Prussian troops occupied the Nuremberg area. Feucht came to the Burgthann office (based in Oberferrieden).

In 1800 there were battles between French and Austrian troops near Feucht. In 1805/06 there were more troop movements.

On March 6, 1806, Prussia had to cede the province of Ansbach to the Kingdom of Bavaria under French pressure. Feucht came to the royal district court of Altdorf, established in 1808 .

Lock 60

The construction of the Ludwig-Danube-Main Canal (opened in 1846) did not meet economic expectations. In 1871, however, Feucht received economic impetus from the opening of the Nuremberg – Regensburg railway line . The Feucht – Altdorf railway was opened in 1878, and the Feucht – Wendelstein railway in 1886 . As a result of the Kieferspannerfraßes in the Reichswäldern (1892-1896) large areas of the forest had to be cleared; this led many forest workers to Feucht.

20th century

Äußere Weissenseestraße settlement

After the First World War, several small settlements (mostly private homes) were built:

around 1922 the old settlement northeast opposite the train station
from 1935 the Jägersruh
from 1935 the Schottenfeld
from 1938 the Zeidlersiedlung
from 1938 the housing estate at the train station

From 1934 an ammunition plant ( Muna ) was built in the Reichswald near Feucht , a separate railway connection was built and large quantities of ammunition were processed and stored. During the war, additional barracks were built there and forced laborers as well as Polish and Soviet prisoners of war were employed.

Also before the war, today's A9 Berlin − Munich was built directly on the western edge of the town. The sand required was extracted from a sand pit in the west, which resulted in a quarry pond, which was renatured into Jägersee in the 1970s .

With the beginning of the air war, several anti-aircraft positions were set up in Feucht as part of the air defense for Nuremberg: at the Schwabacher Strasse / B8 intersection, on Altdorfer Strasse at the level of today's swimming pool and on Fischbacher Weg. Flak searchlights were in the north, listening devices in the south and east of the market.

In March 1943, some bombs fell on Feucht (probably as a failure of the attack on March 8/9 on Nuremberg) and the houses near the cemetery burned out. On 10/11 August Feucht was hit harder (probably also by misshaps in the attack on Nuremberg): 15 houses were destroyed or badly damaged, 12 houses were slightly damaged.

At the end of the war, American units of the 3rd Battalion of the 157th Infantry Regiment approached from Altdorf on April 17, 1945 and penetrated into Feucht via Altdorfer Strasse and the Gauchsbachtal without resistance. The Muna crew and the Volkssturm had withdrawn beforehand.

After the war, bunkers and ammunition stocks were blown up by the Americans in the Muna. In the summer of 1946 there were repeated forest fires. On May 4, 1946 a forest fire got out of control, a lot of ammunition and a freight train with 300 warheads of the V2 and 50 buildings exploded; the place was evacuated due to the danger of gas.

The American helicopter unit stationed on Grosse Strasse in Nuremberg needed a new base - for this purpose, a helicopter airport was built next to the Muna in 1964, on which up to 50 helicopters were stationed at times. A training area for the American soldiers in the former SS barracks (in the southern part of Nuremberg) was planned at the beginning of the 1970s, but was not implemented after popular protests.

In the 1970s, American military open days and model flying days were held on the American base .

Feucht experienced strong population growth in the post-war years, also due to the influx of displaced persons. The market is a commuter community with a share of 75% newcomers (as of 1977).

From 2008 to 2010, the center of Feucht was structurally new and redesigned.

St. Jacob's Church, 2019
Herz-Jesu-Kirche, 2019

Incorporations

On April 1, 1971, parts of the dissolved Moosbach community were incorporated.

religion

Parishes

Evangelical Church of St. Jakob with the Holy Spirit Church in Moosbach
Catholic Church Heart of Jesus
New Apostolic Church

Denomination statistics

According to the 2011 census , 41.0% of the population in 2011 were Protestant , 29.9% Roman Catholic and 29.1% were non-denominational , belonged to another religious community or did not provide any information. Currently (as of December 31, 2019) 34.5% of the population are Protestant, 26.3% Roman Catholic and 39.2% are non-denominational or belong to another religious community.

Local council election on March 15, 2020

Turnout: 60.98%

%

40

30th

20th

10

0

37.80%

23.18%

17.47%

9.06%

5.49%

4.43%

2.57%

FRANCS

UCS

FDP

Gains and losses

compared to 2014

% p

6th

4th

2

0

-2

-4

-6

-8th

-10

-3.99 % p

-8.13 % p

+ 5.11 % p

+ 3.38 % p.p.

+0.69 % p

+ 0.37 % p.p.

+ 2.57 % p

FRANCS

UCS

FDP

politics

The first mayor has been Jörg Kotzur (independent) since 2020, the second mayor is Oliver Siegl (CSU) and the third mayor is Rita Bogner (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen Bayern).

The composition of the municipal council:

09 seats CSU
06 seats SPD
04 seats GREEN
02 seat of the FWG
01 seat FDP
01 seat in FRANKEN
01 seat independent (UCS)

(Status: result of the 2020 municipal council election on March 15, 2020)

Municipal partnerships are maintained with the parish of Leutschach in Styria (since 1985) and with Crottendorf in Saxony (since 1990).

Culture and sights

The municipality oversees the Markt Feucht culture group , which aims to enrich the cultural life in Feucht with selected events such as readings, concerts, theater performances and special performances for children and young people. The work of local artists and local associations is particularly supported.

A Chronik working group that is open to all interested parties collects historical photographs, reports from contemporary witnesses and the like in order to give (old and) new citizens and other interested parties, but above all the following generations, insights into Feucht's recent history.

Buildings

Pfinzingschloss (also: Schloss Mornek)
Hermann Oberth Space Museum in front of the Pfinzing Castle
Zeidelmuseum in the historic Hutzlerhaus
Zeidlerschloss (also: Castle in the Carthusian Pond)
Tucherschloss with baroque garden
Zeidelgericht (next to the Zeidlerschloss)
The town hall

Pfinzingschloss
Tucherschloss with baroque garden
Zeidlerschloss
Hutzlerhaus (Zeidelmuseum)

Stone crosses

There are three so-called atonement crosses in the municipality . These are designated as architectural monuments by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments . The stone cross on Lechle and the stone cross on Regensburger Straße are in the local area of Feucht. The Metzgerla is located in the forest on a forest road between Altenthann and Weiherhaus. Two more stone crosses, the stone cross on Kirchbühl south of the B8 and the forester's cross north of the north bypass are located in the adjacent non -community area of Feuchter Forst .

Associations and associations

The voluntary engagement of Feuchter Bürger is reflected in a variety of clubs and associations. The range includes topics such as cultural, leisure, children / youth / senior citizens, social issues, sports, music and politics up to two commercial networks. The working group Feuchter Gewerbe (AFG) organizes and coordinates local events such as community festivals, parish fairs, spring and autumn festivals together with the municipal administration and, in addition to a web industry directory, provides the associations / associations with a platform for their own presentations (association register with over 80 entries). The “togetherness” is strengthened by a joint parish morning pint and an annual working meeting of all board members together with the mayor.

Sports

In addition to the traditional sports clubs, the TSV 04 Feucht with 15 departments and the 1st SC Feucht (soccer and bowling), groups for motor sports, cycling, equestrian sports, hiking, shooting and martial arts have established themselves.

Football plays an important role in the two clubs mentioned. 1. SC played from 2003 to 2005 in the then third-class Regionalliga Süd and in the 2017/18 season in the Landesliga Bayern Nordost . The volleyball team is successful at TSV, the women play in the Bavarian League.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The market is located directly on the A 9 Berlin - Munich , the A 73 Nuremberg - Suhl and on the B 8 . The Nürnberg / Feucht motorway triangle is located in the southwest of the municipality .

Feucht has a total of three train stations in the municipality, all of which are served by the Nuremberg S-Bahn . So is Nuremberg central station with the train Nürnberg in 9 min (S 3) or 16 minutes (S 2) to reach. In the opposite direction you can take the S 2 to the neighboring town of Altdorf . For the S-Bahn connection (S 3) that has existed since the end of 2010, another stop at Feucht-Ost was created.

The high-speed line Nuremberg – Ingolstadt – Munich with the Schwarzachtal bridge runs west past Feucht's town center.

The former Feucht – Wendelstein railway line was shut down for passenger traffic in 1955 and dismantled when goods traffic was discontinued in 1960. A remnant of about 200 meters in length now serves as the siding of Feucht station.

Feucht is also served by hourly night buses ( Nightliner ) on early Saturday, Sunday and holiday mornings from Nuremberg.

Business

After the railway connections around Feucht (see above) were built at the end of the 19th century and when the long-distance road connection Nuremberg-Regensburg ( B 8 ) also ran through Feucht, the former farming village with a few handicraft businesses developed strongly from the beginning of the 20th century commercial community:

The still resident Fella-Werke were founded as early as 1918 , an agricultural engineering company that now specializes in green forage harvesters and has been part of the AGCO Group since the beginning of 2011 . A national extra demand in the decades before, during and after the Second World War covered individual or family entrepreneurs like George Radlmaier (Betonsteinwerk), Paul Scherrenbacher (Rohrmatt factory) and the Noris-work of Hans Weber (bed factory) and helped with it by fleeing and expulsion of the greatly increased population for wages and bread; in addition there was the sawmill Kreuzer and the two large nurseries Amon and Zimmerer . After all of these no longer exist, the areas were divided up and continue to be used commercially or for residential construction.

On the eastern edge of the village, an electroplating production facility was opened by Schering AG in the 1950s and a corrugated cardboard factory was opened by Sieger (now Kappa-Sieger ). Today the companies that continue operations are called ATOTECH ( Total ) and Smurfit Kappa .

In 1965 Joachim W. Thiel relocated the Nuremberg facade company WiVo to the main area of the Scherbacher company premises, which he also took over. In 1970 WiVo and Scherrbacher were merged to form Thiel GmbH , which is still a supraregional company in Feucht with 90 employees and manufactures and installs metal facades. In 1975, the Nuremberg pharmaceutical company Heumann GmbH, which was co-founded by the former pastor of herbs from Feuchter, " Ludwig Heumann , " opened a production facility on parts of Radlmaier and Scherrbacher . After the company was sold to the Indian Torrent Group , the plants were taken over in 2008 by Excella GmbH ( Fareva Group) .

A modern commercial and retail park with supermarkets, hardware store, fast food and casino has been built south of the B 8 since the 1990s. The industrial parks in the Moist East and then also in the south grew continuously and are home to dozens of companies from a wide variety of industries.

In the west, the areas previously used by the US Army as a helicopter airfield (near the Muna ) were developed by the special purpose association of the Nuremberg-Feucht-Wendelstein Industrial Park (GNF) founded in 1996 by the city of Nuremberg and the markets Feucht and Wendelstein . It all started with a Deutsche Post freight mail center , and the list of companies now includes over 50 companies.

The main street and adjacent areas are lined with all kinds of specialty shops for daily or occasional needs. There are two dozen restaurants, some of them with overnight accommodation, three financial institutions, more than two dozen doctors of all specialties, therapy practices and three pharmacies.

education

For the youngest, education begins outside the home with the kindergarten (crèche, daycare center, after- school care center), of which there are 9 facilities or locations in the community. In addition to primary and secondary schools, there is a state secondary school (SRF) and a private specialist academy for curative education (PFH) . The regional Volkshochschule Schwarzachtal (VHS) also offers many courses in Feucht.

The application for a grammar school in Feucht was unsuccessful in 2010 ; Wendelstein , ten kilometers away, was awarded the contract ; The Leibniz Gymnasium in Altdorf is hardly further . You can also choose between the two grammar schools in Neumarkt and Nuremberg .

The Walburgisheim is located in Feucht . In the building of the so-called “Waldschlösschen”, the “Seraphische Liebeswerk Altötting” operates a child and youth welfare facility.

Tourism and leisure

Forest bath Feuchtasia

Jägersee in winter

Krugsweiher in winter

Feucht lies in the middle of the Lorenzer Reichswald . In addition to the Jägersee (partly nudist ), hiking trails, bike paths and a motorhome parking space , the Feuchtasia forest pool (textile) invites you to linger. The pool has a 50-meter stainless steel pool, a shallow fun pool for children, a paddling pool for toddlers, a 70-meter water slide, a diving tower with a 5-meter board, a small bad weather hall and restaurants and a sauna area .

There is a small stone spring, the Hubertusbrunnen , near Moosbach , the Krugsweiher to the west of Feucht and the Haagsweiher to the east .

The Three Castles Circular Trail , completed in 2010, offers the opportunity to explore all the sights of the town more closely.

Twelve well-marked running and walking routes are available for athletes.

Bike paths

Five rivers cycle path along the nearby Ludwig-Danube-Main Canal
Cycle route 16 and cycle route 17 of the Franconian Alb Nürnberger Land

Hiking trails

Hiking trails of the Franconian Alb Association :

Franconian Dunes Trail (Yellow Dune, FAV 222)
Berchinger Weg (blue line, FAV 28) - Feucht - Berching
Gottfried-Stammler-Weg (Rotpunkt, FAV 55) - Großgeschaidt
Feucht - Moritzberg (Grünpunkt, FAV 86)
Zeidlerweg (blue line, FAV 119) Altdorf near Nuremberg - Feucht
Nürnberg-Langwasser - Feucht (green line, FAV 149) - Nürnberg-Langwasser Süd, underground station - Feucht station
Franconian Way of St. James (scallop, FAV 11) - Ensdorf - Stein near Nuremberg

Climb

The German Alpine Club operates a climbing hall in Feucht.

Feucht shelter

There has been a large animal shelter in Feucht since 1958 .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

Johann Peter Bezoldt (1839–1923), services as community clerk - EB since 1912
Wilhelm Meißner (1862–1926), senior teacher, earned some money in the Feuchter school system, community clerk - EB since 1924
Richard Pritzel (1868–1935), First Mayor 1922–1928 - EB since 1928
Georg Hoffmann (1871–1951), Mayor 1906–1919 and 1933–1943, earned his contribution to the electrification of Feucht - EB since 1933
Friedrich Stoer (1866–1947), lawyer a. D., designer of seals and coats of arms for Feucht 1922 - EB since 1933
Hermann Oberth (1894–1989), physicist and rocket pioneer - EB since 1959

Other personalities associated with the market

Erna Roth-Oberth (1922–2012), lawyer, daughter of Hermann Oberth

Adolf Oberth (1928–2007), chemist and inventor, son of Hermann Oberth

Hannes Schönfelder (* 1945), Mayor Feucht 1989–1996 and former judge at the Federal Fiscal Court

Gregor Hiltner (* 1950), visual artist

literature

Martin Schieber : Damp. A journey through history. Sandberg Verlag, Nuremberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-930699-72-8 .
Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Damp . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 2 : El-H . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1800, DNB 790364298 , OCLC 833753081 , Sp. 127-128 ( digitized version ).

Eckhardt Pfeiffer (Ed.): Nürnberger Land . 3. Edition. Karl Pfeiffer's Buchdruckerei und Verlag, Hersbruck 1993, ISBN 3-9800386-5-3 .

Pleikard Joseph Stumpf : Moist . In: Bavaria: a geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the kingdom; for the Bavarian people . Second part. Munich 1853, p. 685 ( digitized version ).

Norbert Weber: The Jakobus altar of the Herz-Jesu-Kirche Feucht. In: Unterwegs Nr. 106, January 2018, ISSN 2194-7600, pp. 23–37 (Under the sign of the shell ; PDF).