Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hanover

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Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hanover
logo
motto Shaping the future with knowledge
founding 1879 as a technical university
place Hanover
state Lower SaxonyLower Saxony Lower Saxony
country GermanyGermany Germany
president Volker Epping
Students 30 454 (WS 2019/20)
Employee 4 948 (2018, including third-party funded employees)
including professors 334 (2018 )
Annual budget € 545.4 million (2018)
Third-party funding: € 123.7 million
Networks TU9 , TIME , CESAER
Website www.uni-hannover.de

The Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hanover , Leibniz University of Hanover or LUH (self-spelling without hyphens) is the largest university in Lower Saxony with 30,454 students in the 2019/20 winter semester, ahead of the Georg-August University of Göttingen . Around 90 subjects are available to choose from. The University of Hanover is a member of the TU9 German Institutes of Technology e. V.

history

Around 1850: The Polytechnic School on Georgstrasse , view towards today's Kröpcke ;
Engraving from Thümling to Kretschmer

Higher trade school - polytechnic school - technical college

Welfenschloss (around 1915)
Welfenschloss 2010 with a new masonry name
Atrium in the main building
New building from 1958 for the maximum auditorium and the large physics lecture hall on the east side of the Welfenschloss

The history of the Leibniz Universität Hannover goes back to the year 1831, when the higher trade school was opened under the direction of Karl Karmarsch in the house of the beer brewer, brandy producer and vinegar manufacturer Christian Wilhelm Bornemann . The initial 64 students were able to study 14 subjects, including mathematics , architecture , mechanical engineering , natural history , physics , chemistry , technology ( production engineering ), drawing , embossing and accounting . A preparatory course in mathematics was also offered.

Six years later the school moved to a newly constructed building in Georgstrasse in the heart of Hanover, to the location of today's Kröpcke Center . At the beginning of the 1840s, the school experienced growth in connection with the start of railway construction. In 1844 280 students were enrolled. In 1847 the school was named "Polytechnic School" . By 1853 the number of subjects had almost tripled. In 1854/55 one of the most modern chemistry laboratories in Germany at the time was set up there.

The Polytechnic School reached its preliminary high point in 1875 with 868 students and interns. In the same year the founder and director Karl Karmarsch retired after 44 years in office. His successor was the civil engineer Wilhelm Launhardt , who in the following years pushed the expansion of the polytechnic into a technical university . Also from 1875 the school leaving certificate was required and the curriculum was reformed. An important event in the history of the University of Hanover was the move into the Welfenschloss in 1879, which had been converted into a university after the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover by Prussia in 1866.

On April 1, 1879, the Polytechnic School was officially named "Royal Technical University" and was immediately under the Prussian Ministry in Berlin. As a result of the university constitution of 1880, five departments were created within the university:

  1. architecture
  2. Civil engineering
  3. Mechanical engineering
  4. Chemistry and electrical engineering
  5. General Sciences.

In 1896, in the course of technical progress, the university received a mechanical engineering laboratory to enable teaching and research under the conditions of industrial practice.

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Royal Technical University of Charlottenburg , Kaiser Wilhelm II granted the Prussian technical universities the right to award the academic degrees of doctoral engineer and graduate engineer in 1899 . The technical colleges were thus on an equal footing with the universities. On April 14, 1909, the technical universities of Prussia were opened for matriculation for women.

From World War I to 1945

After the end of the First World War , the number of students reached a temporary high at around 3,000. At the same time, 1,440 students were registered at Aachen RWTH ; in Braunschweig 1,180. The economic hardship that plagued many students in the post- war period led to the founding of student aid in 1921 , which took over the cafeteria in 1922 . In the same year, the previous departments of the technical university were abolished and the three faculties were restructured :

  1. for general sciences,
  2. for construction (architecture and construction and engineering ),
  3. for mechanical engineering (and electrical engineering).

Shortly after the National Socialists came to power, a three-person “Combat Committee” was formed in the course of the “ Action Against the Un-German Spirit ”, to which Curt Habicht belonged as a representative of the University of Applied Sciences . The university was a collection point for those books that were destroyed on May 10, 1933 by the book burning in Hanover at the Bismarck Column, while several speakers, including Curt Habicht, gave their “startling” speeches. With the armament, the interest in defense research at the TH Hannover grew.

In the air raids on Hanover during the Second World War , five of the 23 individual buildings were completely destroyed, but the remaining buildings were also more or less severely damaged.

Reconstruction after 1945 and expansion to the Technical University

With the help of the active commitment of the student body, the tidying up and construction work was possible, and the reconstruction of the lecture halls was financed through donations from the members of a sponsoring association of the university founded in 1921 ( Hannoversche Fördergemeinschaft ). From 1947 the Villa Simon was added as a building , which was initially used by the Geographical Institute . In 1951, the university's field of work was expanded to include shipbuilding , and just one year later the fourth faculty was added through the integration of the university for horticulture and regional culture . In this context, demonstration and test gardens were laid out from the 1950s. In 1955, the chapel on the east side of the Welfenschloss, which was badly damaged in the war, was torn down and an extension was built on this site from 1956 to 1958, in which the maximum auditorium and the large physics lecture hall are housed.

Towards the end of the 1960s, teacher training began to develop into a key problem in all university policy expansion plans. After the framework agreement for the reorganization of teaching in the upper level at grammar schools in 1964, the number of students, which had been between 4,000 and 5,000 to date, increased enormously and reached the 18,000 mark as early as 1978/79.

In 1968 the fifth faculty for humanities and political sciences (later social sciences ) was founded, and the "Provisional Constitution" came into force, which, apart from time adjustments, was in force until the Lower Saxony Higher Education Act was introduced in 1978. At the same time, as a result of this structural change, the technical university was renamed "Technical University". The Faculty of Law was established in 1973 and the Faculty of Economics in 1974 , so that the Technical University now comprised a total of seven faculties.

With the entry into force of the Lower Saxony Higher Education Act on October 1, 1978, the “Technical University” was renamed “University” after the Hanover Department of the Lower Saxony University of Education (PHN), the former Hanover University of Education , had been integrated into the Technical University. The first president of the university was elected on May 30, 1979. In 1982 the Ministry of Science and Culture approved a basic regulation for the university, which replaced the provisional constitution of 1968 and has been in force since 1996 in an amended version.

"University optimization concept" and new name

As part of the university optimization concept of the state of Lower Saxony from 2003, there were far-reaching restructuring for Lower Saxony as a science location. In addition to budget cuts and savings requirements for the university, there were, among other things, drastic changes for the educational sciences department at the University of Hanover: Primary school, secondary school and secondary school teacher training was relocated to the University of Hildesheim . The law faculty was retained for legal training, with the social science focus being given up. The Romance seminar was abandoned in its previous orientation and reopened in 2012 with a Hispanic studies course.

In August 2005, the university's new constitution came into effect. From the previously 17 departments, nine faculties were merged. The university now consists of the faculties of architecture and landscape, civil engineering and geodesy , electrical engineering and computer science, mechanical engineering, mathematics and physics, the legal, natural sciences, philosophical and economic faculties.

In 2006 the University of Hanover was renamed “Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hanover” in honor of the Hanoverian scholar Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz .

With the spelling of the name without hyphens, the university deliberately disregarded current spelling rules; the orthographically correct name should be “Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover” or “Leibniz University Hannover”. Quote from the former President of the University Erich Barke:

“The Presidium of the Leibniz Universität Hannover has made a conscious decision against hyphens between the individual terms. We want to establish the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hanover, Leibniz University of Hanover for short, as a brand. The omission of hyphens also makes it easier to use the brand internationally. We accept the violation of the spelling rules. "

On January 1, 2009, the Lower Saxony Technical University (NTH) was set up - a cooperation network of the Leibniz University of Hanover, the Technical University of Braunschweig and the Technical University of Clausthal in order to bundle the existing forces and thus increase efficiency in research and teaching. On October 14, 2014, the Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture announced, after an evaluation by the Lower Saxony Scientific Commission, that it wanted to dissolve the NTH on January 1, 2015. On December 18, 2014, the Lower Saxony state parliament decided to suspend the NTH law from January 1, 2015.

size

Conti high-rise, the former corporate headquarters of Continental AG

In the 1987/88 winter semester, 26,503 students were enrolled at the University of Hanover, 34.2 percent of whom were women. In the 1990/91 winter semester, the number of enrolled students rose above the 30,000 mark for the first time. The proportion of women this year was 37.4%, one year later it was 38.8%. In 1995 the departments of economics, law and linguistics moved to a new location on Königsworther Platz : the Conti high-rise building of the former headquarters of Continental AG . In addition to the individual departments, the “Conti-Campus” with a usable area of ​​around 20,000 m² also accommodated a large library , a cafeteria and several student-run cafés.

Measured by the number of students, today's Leibniz University of Hanover was the largest university in Lower Saxony with 24,000 students since 1990 ; until it fell behind the University of Göttingen in 2006 . Around 4,400 employees, including around 2,700 scientists, work at the University of Hanover. The offer of the nine faculties with more than 150 institutes and over 50 subjects comprises a variety of scientific disciplines, from natural and engineering sciences to linguistics and cultural sciences as well as law, economics and social sciences to horticultural sciences , landscape architecture and environmental planning .

Locations and facilities

Main canteen on the Schneiderberg

In addition to the buildings on Welfengarten with the technical information library located there and on Königsworther Platz, the university has other locations in and around Hanover: on Schneiderberg, in Herrenhausen and in Garbsen.

The main cafeteria of the university is on the Schneiderberg. It was planned to build a cafeteria at this location as early as 1966, but problems with the tender and financing delayed the project significantly. After the Dortmund architect Klaus Kafka , who was appointed full professor to the chair for design and building theory at the TU Hannover in 1979, was the winner of the architectural competition, the first meals were served as early as 1981. Before that, a building near the Welfenschloss served as a cafeteria; the social sciences department library and the AStA have been housed here since 1982 . The kitchen of the new building was designed to be large enough to be able to supply all other canteens of the Hanoverian universities. Inside the building, three flights of stairs lead from the entrance hall to a gallery that leads to the food counter and the large dining room. The hall offers 1440 seats and was originally intended to be used for events outside of meal times. For this purpose, the architects planned to divide the room into smaller sections with curtains. However, as the curtains violated building regulations, the idea of ​​the venue was not implemented. There is an underground car park with 500 parking spaces below the cafeteria.

Faculties

The restored Kali Chemistry lecture hall in the Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, which belongs to the Faculty of Natural Sciences

The Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hanover is currently divided into nine faculties with more than 180 courses and partial courses:

Naming

Since July 1, 2006 the university has been named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz .
(Portrait of Christoph Bernhard Francke , around 1700; Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum , Braunschweig)
The logo from 2006 to 2008

The Student Council Social Science at the University applied for in November 2005 in the Student Council (Student Council) to rename the university in "Theodor Lessing University" after the philosopher and political publicist Theodor Lessing . In a ballot in January 2006, however, 63.4 percent of the students spoke out against it. Instead, in April 2006 the university's senate voted for “Leibniz University”. An agreement reached on June 30, 2006 with the Leibniz Academy in Hanover on the use of the name removed legal obstacles. This enabled the university to be renamed "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover". On July 1, 2006, Leibniz's 360th birthday was chosen as the key date. The university's brand is "Leibniz Universität Hannover".

The logo of the university up to the renaming was based on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology . The current logo uses an excerpt from a letter to Duke Rudolf August von Wolfenbüttel , in which Leibniz presented the binary numbers for the first time .

Technical Information Library (TIB)

Reading room building of the TIB at Welfengarten
The stables building , only a quarter of its original size has been preserved

The university library was founded in 1831. The outsourcing of books during the Second World War secured valuable old stocks and not only creates a unique national stock of technical and scientific literature. This was the basis on which the Technical Information Library was founded in 1959, based on the library of the Technical University . After several name changes, the library has been called the “Technical Information Library (TIB)” since 2016 and has been given the additional designation Leibniz Information Center for Technology and Natural Sciences and University Library .

The TIB is Germany's central specialist library for technology, architecture, chemistry, computer science, mathematics and physics. It is the world's largest specialist library for technology and natural sciences.

The most striking building of the TIB is the cube, inaugurated in 1965. It houses a lending desk and several reading rooms. The magazines are located in the two basement floors. The cube has a reinforced concrete skeleton, the facade of which is clad with dark anodized aluminum. The building has a direct architectural predecessor with the Stuttgart state parliament building . The large glass surfaces on the sides made it necessary to fully air-condition the reading rooms facing east, south and west. Since the library building had to be subordinate to the Welfenschloss and at the same time was supposed to do justice to its island location in the countryside, a high, above-ground book magazine was dispensed with. The isolated location, however, had its disadvantages: Since an extension is not possible, the bookbinding and reproduction department had to be outsourced as early as 1980.

Opposite the main entrance to the library is the historic stables building . It was built between 1861 and 1867 as a stable for around one hundred riding and carriage horses. In order to harmonize architecturally with the Welfenschloss, the facade was made very delicate; it has numerous decorative elements. After the stables building was assigned to the university in 1912, the northern part of the building was demolished as early as 1913, in the place of which the “machine engineering laboratory” including a thermal power station was built. After the First World War, the east wing was converted into a cafeteria, which was housed here until 1953. In 1960 the east wing was torn down to make room for the new library building. This was the fate of the rest of the building - only a quarter of the original building. It was only because parts of the mechanical engineering institute and the university hairdresser could not be accommodated elsewhere that a complete demolition was avoided. The stables building fell into disrepair before it was listed as a historical monument at the end of the 1970s. In the 1980s, the building that still exists today was rebuilt, restored and a glass staircase was added. In 1986 the reading room for patents and standards, the management and administration of the TIB moved into the building.

panorama

The main building of the Leibniz University Hannover . The administration of the technical information library and the university office for international affairs are located in the new building on the right

Personalities

Professors

For other former and current professors at the university, see: Category: University professors (Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover)

students

Student associations

See also

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Manegold: The scientific development of the Technical University of Hanover in the context of the German university history of the 19th century . Einst und Jetzt , Vol. 23 (1978), pp. 186-197.
  • Anja Kühne: “A new house has to be built for new purposes.” Bismarckstrasse 35: On the history of the Pedagogical Academy , in Adelheid von Saldern et al. : Everyday life between Hindenburg and Haarmann. Another city guide through Hanover in the 20s , publisher: Geschichtswerkstatt Hannover, Hamburg: VSA-Verlag, 1987, ISBN 3-87975-397-0 , pp. 55-62.
  • Sid Auffarth , Wolfgang Pietsch: The University of Hanover. Your buildings. Your gardens. Your planning history. Imhof Verlag 2003, ISBN 3-935590-90-3 .
  • Festschrift for the 175th anniversary of the University of Hanover . 3 volumes. Olms, Hildesheim 2006, ISBN 3-487-13113-7 .
  • Herbert Mundhenke (edit.): The matriculation of the Higher Trade School, the Polytechnic School and the Technical University of Hanover. Vol. I: 1831-1881; Vol. II: 1881-1911; Vol. III: Explanations and registers (publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen, IX Section 6). Vol. I: Hildesheim (Verlag August Lax) 1988, XXX u. 280 p .; Vol. II u. III: Hannover (Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung) 1991, pp. 281–858 u. 1992, 342 p. (Review and av Gerold Schmidt), Oldenburgische Familienkunde vol. 40 H. 1/1998, p. 683.
  • Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, city of Hanover, part 1, 10.1 , p. 101 f, ISBN 3-528-06203-7 .
  • Franz Rudolf Zankl : Mechanical engineer at the Technical University of Hanover. Photograph 1877, Hanover University Library. In: Hanover Archive , sheet K 6
  • Rita Seidel : Invitation to the celebration of moving into the new building of the Technical University of Hanover. Colored lithography . In: Hanover Archive , sheet K 25
  • At the time of National Socialism :
    • Michael Jung: "Our hearts beat to the Führer with great enthusiasm". The Technical University of Hanover and its professors under National Socialism , 1st, new edition, Norderstedt: Books on Demand, 2013, ISBN 978-3-8482-6451-3 and ISBN 3-8482-6451-X .
    • Anette Schröder: From Nationalism to National Socialism. The students of the Technical University of Hanover from 1925 to 1938 , also dissertation 2001 at the University of Hanover, in the series of publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen , Volume 213, Hanover: Hahn, 2003, ISBN 3-7752-6013-7 .
    • Christian-Alexander Wäldner: The Technical University of Hanover and the withdrawal of academic titles during the Nazi era. Results of Hanover processes taking into account the case of Walter Dux , Münster: Lit, 2012, ISBN 978-3-643-11908-7 .
    • Michele Barricelli , Holger Butenschön , Michael Jung, Jörg-Detlef Kühne , Lars Nebelung, Joachim Perels : National Socialist Injustice Measures at the Technical University of Hanover. Disabilities and privileges from 1933 to 1945 . Published by the Presidium of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hanover. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-7319-0429-8 ; completely as a PDF document

Web links

Commons : Universität Hannover  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Alumni  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Lecturers  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. uni-hannover.de: Volker Epping: Editorial for issue 1/2 2016 of the LUH's Unimagzin. In: https://www.uni-hannover.de/fileadmin/luh/content/alumni/unimagazin/2016_leibniz/035-119_unimag_sum_150.pdf . Retrieved January 28, 2020 .
  2. ^ The President of the LUH. Retrieved January 28, 2020 . .
  3. Source: Federal Statistical Office.
  4. a b c uni-hannover.de: The Leibniz University of Hanover in brief , accessed on December 4, 2019.
  5. Universities. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  6. uni-hannover.de: Studium , accessed on October 18, 2016.
  7. Compare also: History of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover ( Memento from April 19, 2009 in the Internet Archive ). As of December 3, 2008.
  8. To celebrate its 50th anniversary , Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung, May 28, 1881, pp. 73–75, accessed on December 7, 2012.
  9. ^ A b Rainer Hoffschildt : The book burning on May 10, 1933, in: Olivia. The hitherto secret history of the taboo homosexuality and the persecution of homosexuals in Hanover , Association for Research into the History of Homosexuals in Lower Saxony, Hanover 1992, self-published, ISBN 3-9802909-0-5 , pp. 87 ff.
  10. a b Klaus Mlynek : Book Burning, In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (Ed.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 92.
  11. Demonstration and experimental gardens at the Hanover University of Horticulture and Regional Culture . 1959 in the online exhibition 100 years of landscape architecture by the bdla . Retrieved April 10, 2014.
  12. Wolfgang Pietsch: From the Welfenschloss to the 'Campus Center' - the history of constant changes in use. In: Auffarth, Pietsch: The University of Hanover. Your buildings. Your gardens. Your planning history. 2003, p. 98.
  13. Nds. Ministry of Science and Culture: Lower Saxony Technical University did not meet expectations. October 14, 2014, accessed October 15, 2014 .
  14. Lower Saxony State Parliament, Drs. 17/2530, p. 40: http://www.landtag-niedersachsen.de/drucksachen/drucksachen_17_5000/2501-3000/17-2530.pdf
  15. Wolfgang Pietsch: Every decade a different architecture: the examples high-rise Appelstraße 9A, main cafeteria and chemical extension. In: Auffarth, Pietsch: The University of Hanover. Your buildings. Your gardens. Your planning history. 2003, pp. 206-209.
  16. ^ Main canteen: Winner of the architectural competition by the Dortmund architect Klaus Kafka: DAB regional | 03/12 (Official organ of the North Rhine-Westphalia Chamber of Architects). Retrieved on August 4, 2013 (PDF; 1.5 MB).
  17. a b Gerhard Schlitt: The libraries. In: Auffarth, Pietsch: The University of Hanover. Your buildings. Your gardens. Your planning history. 2003, pp. 136-141.
  18. Faculties. Retrieved July 16, 2020 .
  19. uni-hannover.de: New corporate design for Leibniz Universität Hannover is created. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 3, 2008 ; Retrieved March 27, 2008 .
  20. Libraries of national importance: Bibliotheksportal.de , website. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
  21. ^ Karl Karmarsch: Georg Wilhelm Glünder. In: The polytechnic school in Hanover , second, very expanded edition, "With three sheets of images of the institution's building", Hanover: Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung , 1856, p. 154 u. ö., online via Google books

Coordinates: 52 ° 22 '56 "  N , 9 ° 43' 3.8"  E