New York Harbor
| New York Harbor | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Data | |||
| UN / LOCODE | v. a. US NYC | ||
| operator | v. a. Port Authority of New York and New Jersey | ||
| Port type | Sea and inland port | ||
| Container (TEU) | 6.4 million TEU (2015) | ||
| Geographic information | |||
| State | New York (State) | ||
| Country | United States | ||
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| Coordinates | 40 ° 38 '24 " N , 74 ° 3' 0" W | ||
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The Port of New York ( English New York Harbor or Port of New York and New Jersey ) located on the east coast of the United States , comprises the entirety of the seven larger currently used and some historical port facilities and the entirety of the natural harbor at the mouth of the Hudson in the Atlantic ( tidal port ). This also includes two free trade zones . The term geographically describes a region and is not a single institution, nor is it limited to the urban area of New York (more correct would be: a plurality of institutions). However, the term “New York Harbor” is often only used in everyday parlance for the facilities of the joint authority of the two neighboring US states, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ). However, this intergovernmental authority is not responsible for all aspects of the port area. The largest cities on the Hudson Estuary today are New York City , Jersey City and Newark .
It is the third largest port as a whole after cargo handling - but the largest port in the United States by area . It serves both as an international deep-sea port and across the Hudson as an inland port for parts of the northeastern United States and eastern Canada .
New York’s economic importance today is related to its use for handling goods on the east coast and transporting people . With the completion of the Erie Canal in 1825, an inexpensive transport route to the Great Lakes was opened up and New York became the most important trading port on the east coast. In addition, the city was and is a major immigration center for the United States. Millions of immigrants came here on ships and passed its facilities, of which Ellis Island is a relatively new one. After immigration, which used to be more important, tourism now dominates passenger shipping in New York Harbor.
When entering New York, coming from Lower New York Bay , one crosses the Narrows under the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge (1964) into the main basin of Upper New York Bay with the two most famous islands of New York (after Manhattan itself; Ellis and Liberty Island with the Statue of Liberty ) to the various anchorages. Historically, access to the water is known to be dangerous for various reasons. Especially the fog and depending on the wind direction in the nearly rectangular hopper of the Lower Bay accruing storm surges are feared. The Hudson Canyon , a pre-glacial undersea delta that runs centrally into the bay, is considered a ship graveyard . Long Island Sound and Long Island join to the northwest . In the south follows in New Jersey , as far as Florida , the Atlantic coastal plain ; i.a. the two natural harbors of Delaware Bay and Chesapeake Bay and many other harbors.
location
The port of New York is located on the border between the US states of New York and New Jersey on the east coast of North America, formed by the Hudson and Hudson estuaries . The urban area of New York City is formative for the landscape nowadays .
The area is, in a broader sense, the northern part of the Atlantic coastal plain. The Long Island Sound connects to the north of the port area .
Individual plants
- The former Global Marine Terminal
- The systems operated by the Port Authority (PANYNJ) (partly from 1921):
- Container port in New Jersey, expanded since around 1960 ( Port Newark - Elizabeth Marine Terminal )
- Marine Terminal in Red Hook , Brooklyn , NY;
- Auto Marine Terminal in Bayonne, NJ and Jersey City, NJ
- Brooklyn Port Authority Marine Terminal (the joint Brooklyn Piers Terminal and Red Hook Container Terminal) in Red Hook , Brooklyn , NY, and
- Howland Hook Marine Terminal on Staten Island .
- Passenger cruise terminals:
- Manhattan Terminal (New York Passenger Ship Terminal)
- Brooklyn Cruise Terminal
- Cape Liberty Cruise Port in Bayonne, NJ.
- Military facilities:
- Bayonne Military Ocean Terminal
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United States Navy Yard , better known as the Brooklyn Navy Yard , was a shipyard for warships up to the size of aircraft carriers. It is located 1.7 miles northeast of Battery Park , in the Brooklyn area , on Wallabout Bay on the East River and is still used today in part as a private shipyard.
- the Brooklyn Army Terminal (formerly New York Port of Embarkation and Army Supply Base or US Army Military Ocean Terminal )
- Only historical is the South Street Seaport , a now listed district in Manhattan, where Fulton Street meets the East River. The fishing port of New York used to be here (now at Hunts Point, Bronx).
- In addition, there is a whole range of private wharf and stacking systems.
Waters, subdivisions
In addition to the Hudson River, the Shrewsbury River , Hackensack River , Passaic River , Elizabeth River, Rahway River and Raritan River flow into the Atlantic Ocean. From the state of New York , these are the Bronx River , Coney Island Creek, Fresh Kills , Gowanus Canal (1867; originally Gowanus Creek near Red Hook), Hook Creek, Hutchinson River , Luyster Creek, Main Creek and Newtown Creek .
The larger waters (sections) in the port of New York are further:
- Hudson (1)
- Long Island Sound (3; see about the island )
- Newark Bay (4), with the Kill van Kull
- East River (2), connected to the Harlem River and the
- Upper New York Bay (5),
- Lower New York Bay (6),
- Jamaica Bay (7),
- Raritan Bay (southwest of 7), with the Arthur Kill
- New York Bight (8; NY Bay, part of the Atlantic Ocean , with the underwater Hudson Canyon ),
- Ambrose Channel
- Mud dump site
A definition of the port area of New York reads: “ ... the New York Bay with the Jamaica Bay , the city of New York southwest to New Brunswick and west to Newark inclusive. In the north it extends up the Hudson to ½ nm south of Tarrytown and to the northeast up to and including Port Chester on Long Island Sound . The southeast sea line runs roughly from East Rockaway Inlet ... to Sandy Hook. "Brief descriptions of individual stretches of water now follow (if there is no German-language article, please compare in the English-language edition):
Long Island Sound
The Long Island Sound is a west-east oriented bay of the Atlantic on the east coast of North America with an extension of approx. 190 kilometers; the bay is largely behind the offshore island of Long Island , which belongs to the US state of New York . A small part is part of the NYC metropolitan area. The state of Connecticut forms its north shore. Many bodies of water flow into the bay, the most famous of which is the Connecticut River near Old Saybrook . In the east it meets the Bronx (NYC) and is connected to the East River , a bay northeast of Manhattan, around Flushing Bay. Towards the sea, it merges into the Block Island Sound at the height of New London (Connecticut) .
The Narrows
The Narrows (on dt. So the constriction) called Strait at the southeast estuary is the main access to the port and is located between the Upper and Lower New York Bay . It separates the sea from the inland water, at least optically. The Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge arched above it replaced the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco as the longest suspension bridge in the world when it was completed in 1964 . In 1981 she lost that title to the Humber Bridge in Great Britain. In the middle, the Narrows has a ( tidal ) headroom of 66.2 m (217 ft). On the Brooklyn side it takes traffic from Belt Parkway and the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway and on the Staten Island side that of the Staten Island Expressway.
Newark Bay
In Newark Bay ( New Jersey ) the Passaic flow from the west and the Hackensack from the north . It lies west of the Hudson and is connected to it and Upper New York Bay via the Kill Van Kull . There are numerous port facilities in it. The most important is on the west bank of the Container Terminal of the Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal in the city of Newark . It is bounded to the east by the parish of Jersey Citys and Bayonnes and to the south by Staten Island . The bay is bridged by a railway bridge and the Vincent R. Casciano Memorial Bridge (colloquially Newark Bay Bridge , occasionally also Turnpike Extension Bridge ) for motor vehicle traffic.
Raritan Bay
The Raritan Bay is south of New York and Jersey City. It is the western part of Lower New York Bay , which is located at the confluence of the Raritan and Arthur Kill, a tributary of the Hudson, and opens like a funnel to Lower New York Bay . It is bounded to the north by Staten Island and in part to the south by the parish of Monmouth County , NJ. This ends at its eastern end in front of the Atlantic in the inland Sandy Hook headland . Behind it the Naval Weapons Station Earle with its distinctive pier.
Ships that do not go through the Narrows can also enter the Arthur Kill from the west end of Raritan Bay in order to get into Newark Bay with its port facilities. The name of the bay comes from the tribal name of indigenous people, which also lives on in the river name Raritan.
Upper New York Bay
The Upper New York Bay is also called Upper New York Harbor or the Upper Bay and forms the actual natural harbor. It is higher in the direction of the Hudson's flow and is the inner, northern part of the natural harbor of New York. Its outer boundaries are the Narrows seaward, Manhattan to the north, Brooklyn to the east. Staten Island and New Jersey surround the bay to the west. Due to the narrows, ships lying here are still exposed to tide and brackish water , but are already largely protected from the storms of the North Atlantic. Here are the islands of Ellis, Governors and Liberty Island.
Waterways, waterways
Bronx River
The Bronx River is about 38 kilometers long that flows into the East River.
Hudson
The 303 miles long Hudson River has its source in the Adirondack Mountains . From there it flows mainly in a southerly direction through New York State and takes in the water of the Mohawk River near Albany . The Atlantic tides can already be felt on it north of the city of New York. The native people who originally lived in the area, the Mahican , called the river “Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk”, which means “the river that flows in both directions”.
At the city level, it is often just called the North River . Europeans discovered the river in 1524 ( Giovanni da Verrazzano ). It was later named after Henry Hudson , an English navigator who explored it for the Dutch in 1609.
Ambrose Channel
Ambrose Channel is the name of a shipping lane in Lower New York Bay that approaches the Narrows from the east and leads out of them to the Atlantic Ocean. It is marked from Breezy Point in Queens, or inland from the Sea Gate headland at Gravesend Bay on the east bank and the Ambrose Light beacon to the west ( Ambrose beacon is east of Sandy Hook ). Because of the currents, the high volume of ships and the risk of collision, a pilot is required here .
Arthur Kill
The Arthur Kill (word formation from the Dutch colonial times, from the Dutch "achter kill" for "rear channel") is a 10 km long and at least 168 m wide waterway that connects Raritan Bay directly with Newark Bay and the port facilities there. The word canal, which is often used in connection with it, is factually justified for the repeatedly deepened and widened shipping channel, since it is a natural connection from the point of view of origin.
The Arthur Kill is likely a pre-glacial Hudson drain. It is discussed whether it was the only drain or one of such drains. It connects Raritan Bay and Newark Bay and is also used as a driveway there. It separates New York's Staten Island from New Jersey.
It is crossed by the Goethals Bridge , the Outerbridge Crossing and the Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge (railway). There are two islands in its course, Pralls Island and the Isle of Meadows . The shore to Staten Island is largely unpaved and unpopulated, while there are many factories on the New Jersey side.
Eriekanal
The Erie Canal , completed in 1825, connects the city of New York with Lake Erie via the Hudson . It is 584 km long and branches off north of Albany , so only about 230 km from New York from the Hudson; follows the Mohawk in a westerly direction to Rome and is only then led as a canal to Syracuse , Buffalo etc. to the Great Lakes . He was z. For example, the transport of flour and goods has historically been one of the prerequisites for the growth of New York as a hub of inland and coastal trade and import and export to Europe .
East River and its islands
The East River is contrary to its name not a river but an elongated narrow strait between Long Iceland sound , the lower reaches of the Hudson and Upper New York Bay . That means that it is open at its ends to the Atlantic and is subject to the tides like the entire port. It houses Manhattan's little sister Roosevelt Island (formerly Welfare Island), Randalls Island , Rikers Island , Mill Rock , U Thant , Wards Island and Governors Island .
Harlem River
The Harlem River is another narrow inlet that connects the East River and the Hudson for over eight miles. He separates the north of the island of Manhattan from the mainland belonging Bronx .
The largest shipping disaster in the port, the sinking of General Slocum in 1904, happened at the confluence of the Harlem River with the East River, at Hell Gate.
Navigable canals
Here the navigable canals are named separately according to water section:
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Lower Bay
Raritan Bay
Jamaica Bay
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Arthur Kill
Newark Bay
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Kill van Kull
Upper Bay
Hudson River
East River
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Islands, island location
Four of New York's five boroughs are not themselves on the mainland. Brooklyn and Queens are mostly on Long Island ; only the Bronx borough is not on an island .
In the East River are Manhattan's little sister Roosevelt Island (formerly Welfare Island) and Wards Island (including isolation ward, reception facility for immigrants and at times the world's largest psychiatric hospital).
More or less large of the remaining 30 or so islands of NYC are administratively assigned to the boroughs. Such as City Island, Hart Island and Rikers Island to the Bronx and Ellis Island and Governors Island to Manhattan.
Liberty Island (formerly Bedloe's Island) in the waters of and immediately off New Jersey is the location of the Statue of Liberty (American Lady Liberty) . It was inhabited by one of the monument's guards until 2012 (before Storm Sandy). Officially, it is under federal administration.
Long Island , 190 kilometers long, is part of the US state of New York . There are other islands in the port area that belong to the neighboring cities of New Jersey .
- See also the full list of islands in New York City
Lighthouses and light signals
On the Hudson:
- Jeffreys Hook Lighthouse at Jeffries Point in Manhattan (Little red lighthouse; see picture)
- 1884 Lighthouse at Sleepy Hollow
- Stony Point Lighthouse in Rockland County.
- Esopus Meadows Lighthouse
- Rondout Lighthouse
- Saugerties Lighthouse
- Hudson-Athens Lighthouse
On the New Jersey coast :
- Sandy Hook Lighthouse ( 1764 , Isaac Conro ; also the oldest functioning lighthouse in the United States, on the site of the former Fort Hancock ; Historic Landmark)
- Conover Beacon (Chapel Hill Front Range)
- Romer Shoal Light
- Great Beds Light
- West Bank Light (Range Front)
- Old Orchard Shoal Light
- Robbins Reef Lighthouse , also known as Kate's Light
On the New York side:
- Ambrose Lightship (1968 decommissioned or replaced by ...)
- Ambrose Light (since then has signaled the final phase of the routes into the Narrows and has repeatedly been the target for the Blue Ribbon of the fastest Atlantic crossing)
- Coney Island Light (Nortons Point)
- Statue of Liberty and related facilities
- Princes Bay Light
- New Dorp Light (Swash Channel Range Rear, 1964 decommissioned)
- Staten Island Range Light
- Fort Wadsworth Light (decommissioned 1965)
- Blackwell Island Lighthouse (1934 decommissioned)
- Throgs Neck Light
- Kings Point Light
- Execution Rocks Lighthouse
- Stepping Stones Light
- Whitestone Point Light
Infrastructure
This also includes large fresh water tunnels (No. 1 to No. 3; e.g. from the New Croton Aqueduct, Catskill Aqueduct or the Delaware system) and other water pipes, some of which run in the harbor.
security
The Fire Department in New York City ( Fire Department of New York abbreviated as FDNY) maintains three companies with various fire boats as a harbor fire department. After the fire brigade was founded in 1731, it put the first fireboat into service in 1809 .
The police authority responsible for the port areas has been the Police Division of the Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor (WCNYH) since 1953 . It is a bi-state agency of the US states of New York and New Jersey and works closely with both city police and federal agencies.
As border police working coastal protection (United States Coast Guard, responsible for NYC's waters is the "District One", based in Boston with his Sector New York ).
Local and national transport connections
Canals, inland port
With the construction of the Erie Canal between 1789 and 1825, a cheap goods transport connection was established between Lake Erie , Hudson and New York (the Atlantic port). It is 584 kilometers long, 12 meters wide and 1.2 meters deep. Since then it has served the development and settlement of the areas around the Great Lakes .
Rail and roads
Traditionally, railways have offered very good port connections for the entire east coast since the middle of the 19th century ; especially along the east coast and towards the Great Lakes ( Cleveland , Detroit , the Ohio region and Chicago ).
Due to container handling , road traffic is also increasingly playing an important role in inland trade.
With the increase in road traffic and the expansion of trunk roads, the port is connected to the US motorway network, e.g. B. on the Lincoln Highway (1913), the US Route 1 , Route 1 Extension (today New Jersey Route 25 , the first "Super Highway " in the United States), the Interstate 95 , I 80 , I 278 , the Long Island Expressway (LIE; I 495) or Route 130 .
- See also the main articles on the railroad companies CSX Transportation , NYC and New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad
Ferries and water taxes, airports
New York's free public ferry system connects Uptown and Downtown and offers trips to Staten Island, Brooklyn, Queens, the Bronx and New Jersey. The main connection, The Staten Island Ferry , has been commuting since 1905. Today's 25-minute journey also includes the Statue of Liberty and Lower Manhattan.
The services of NY Waterway (piers in Manhattan and New Jersey and at the baseball stadiums; central in NJ at Weehawken Port Imperial and at Pier 78) and New York Water Taxi (piers in Downtown Manhattan and Brooklyn, on West ) work in a similar way 23rd Street and by Circle Line on West 42nd Street ).
Some former piers have flight decks for helicopter shuttle services. Incidentally, a further development of their task in the port was the transfer of the operator for the three major New York airports to the bilingual port authority ( PANYNJ ).
Piers in Manhattan
The piers in Manhattan have the following numbering / location (starting from the southern tip):
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On the East River follow from southwest to northeast the:
- Piers starting at number 1 on Whitehall Street to number 19 on South Street. The peck slip is at the end of this row.
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On the Hudson River, which is often called the North River here ; from south to northwest:
- The earlier piers 1 through 21; these are now under the excavation of the land gained during the construction of the World Trade Center . Construction was completed in 1973 and the land is now part of Battery Park City .
- After the North Cove Yacht Harbor at the World Financial Center, the piers with the numbers follow northeast:
- Pier 25 on West Street (on North Moore Street) to Pier 99 on 12th Avenue. Of these, the Chelsea Piers from Pier 84 to Pier 94, built as the Manhattan Cruise Terminal or New York City Passenger Ship Terminal in the 1930s, were at times called Luxury Liner Row , as the large passenger ships to Europe set off here.
- At the south end of Manhattan are:
- A Little West Street - Esplande Battery Place (already to the Hudson River)
- Battery Park - Battery Place, State Street & Whitehall Street
- Gateway 1 to 6 at the Admiral Dewey Promonade - Esplande
- The Coast Guard Battery Park Building
- The Whitehall Terminal and Battery Maritime Building on Whitehall Street / South Street
Crossings for land traffic, bridges, tunnels
- See the article Bridges and Tunnels in New York Harbor
There are around 2000 bridges in New York . The longest bridge is the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge, which is located to the south and connects Staten Island and Brooklyn via the port approach to / from the Atlantic Ocean .
- The bridges over the East River to Manhattan on its northeast bank are from north to south: Throgs Neck Bridge, Bronx-Whitestone Bridge, the railroad bridge from Randalls Wards or Park Ave, Third Ave Bridge, Willis Ave Bridge, Triborough Bridge , Queensboro Bridge , Williamsburg Bridge , Manhattan Bridge and the Brooklyn Bridge (built in 1883), often depicted as the Bridge of New York ( one of the landmarks ).
- On the west bank of Manhattan there is the Bear Mountain Bridge in the far north, followed by the Tappan Zee Bridge (Dewey Thruway) and in the center the George Washington Bridge (the only bridge that connects Manhattan to the west with New Jersey, the mainland).
See in particular the article on the NY State Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) with the MTA bridges and tunnels and public transport in the city and region.
Special events, anniversaries
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The history of the port area in modern times is largely identical to the history of the city of New York . Therefore, here are some additional data that are significant for the port:
- September 11. 1609 : Henry Hudson discovered the island of Manhattan and followed the opening out there, later named after him power upriver
- August 28, 1664 : four English warships forced the submission of Nieuw Amsterdams , the administrative seat of the then Dutch colony of Nieuw Nederland , to English rule
- In October 1683 the governor of the engl. Krone convened a New York representatives' meeting in the fort for the first time, to Fort Amsterdam or Fort James (destroyed after 1790)
- August 27, 1776 : In the American War of Independence , the British royal troops won against the troops of the colonists under George Washington in the Battle of Long Island (in what is now Prospect Park , Brooklyn , New York ) and then occupied New York. The headquarters of the British troops with almost 500 ships and 32,000 men were in the roadstead in front of Staten Island . Ten thousand prisoners of war were then locked up on the ships anchored in front of it until the conclusion of peace.
- In 1811 Castle Clinton , including Castle Garden , was built ninety meters off the shoreline of Manhattan Island . It was an upstream artillery position that was connected to Battery Park by a dam . Together with the Fort Jay and Castle Williams fortresses on Governors Island , it served the military protection of the waterways around New York City and that of the city itself. In the meantime, it has silted up and was used at times as a theater and aquarium. Castle Clinton was the Immigration Station from 1855 to 1890 (before Ellis Island ; over eight million immigrants arrived here)
- July 30, 1871 : A boiler explosion occurred on board the Westfield passenger ferry , which was moored at the Staten Island Ferry Terminal in Manhattan . 125 people were killed in the worst ferry accident in New York harbor.
- 1855–1892: the former Castle Clinton became a reception station for seven million immigrants (since 1890 as a state institution)
- 1892 : Ellis Island replaced Castle Clinton in this capacity
- 1845–1861: Battery Weed was built west of the Narrows, was initially called Fort Richmond, renamed after General Stephen Weed, who died in the Civil War; added to the land side with. Fort Tompkins, all together later Fort Wadsworthg.
- 1864: a first, in the sense of modern trade unions, Longshoremen's Union Protective Association (LUPA) was founded in the New York harbor (stevedores, dockers union). It became part of the International Longshoremen's Association (ILA, 1895), which is active all over the east coast.
- In 1898 , New York Counties (Manhattan), Kings County (Brooklyn), Richmond County (now Staten Island), Queens County (Queens) and Bronx Counties merged to form Greater New York and have since formed the Five Boroughs .
,
- June 30, 1900 : Fire of the pier in Hoboken ( Hoboken Docks Fire ), the piers of the North German Lloyd in Hoboken , New Jersey, burned and destroyed ships lying there such as the Saale , with around 125 to 400 dead (according to widely spaced numbers various sources).
- June 15, 1904 : The paddle steamer General Slocum burned on a trip to a German parish on the East River and sank. 1021 people were killed in the disaster. It was the largest civil shipping disaster in the United States to date. After that, the safety regulations for ships were tightened.
- April 18, 1912: After the sinking of the passenger steamer Titanic , the Carpathia reached the port of New York with 705 rescued people. ( The port had previously been rebuilt especially for the draft of the Titanic.)
- July 30, 1916: Explosion / bomb attack on the ammunition handling and storage facility on Black Tom Island
- August 29, 1929: The first world voyage ( circumnavigation of the world ) by airship, LZ 127 with Eckener as captain, financed by Hearst's press company , ended with the crossing of the harbor and the subsequent confetti parade in New York
- August 27, 1931: The German Dornier Do X (a type of seaplane for passengers ) landed in New York harbor, where the airliner was received with great cheers.
- Robert Moses (1888–1981) became the most important urban planner for the city and port area (the "master builder" of the mid-20th century)
- September 1938: Great New England Hurricane
- 1941–1945: The port was the starting point for many supply deliveries (convoys) (e.g. HX convoys ) to the west coast of England, later also in the direction of the Mediterranean theater of war. See under Army Terminal and Naval Shipyards . At the beginning of the war , German submarines operated temporarily in front of him.
- February 22, 1942: Fire on the troop transport Lafayette , ex- Normandy (photo on the right)
- July 25, 1956: sinking of the Andrea Doria on the coast of New York (1660 people saved, 46 dead)
- 1969: The Queen Elizabeth 2 made her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York Harbor (March 2 to 6, 1969, journey time: 4 days, 16 hours, 35 minutes)
- October 2, 1985: Hurricane Gloria passed the region
- March 22, 1992: 27 out of 57 people aboard US Air Flight 405 died after their plane crashed from the runway into Flushing Bay at LaGuardia Airport
- September 11, 2001 : Countless New Yorkers are evacuated across the river after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center high-rise towers. Also the airports of the port authority, which also owns the towers, are blocked.
- 2004: The Queen Mary 2 , currently the longest passenger ship in the world, sailed to NYC for the first time in 2004. The height of the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge had to be taken into account in its design. It is the lowest obstacle that must be passed on the Southampton - New York City route . The gap between the chimney and the bridge is two meters when they are closest.
- October 15, 2003: the Andrew J. Barberi , a ferry of the Staten Island Ferry, crashed into a working dock at full speed in the ferry terminal. There were 10 dead and very many injured.
- January 15, 2009: A passenger aircraft landed on the Hudson immediately after taking off from LaGuardia Airport , NYC ( US Airways Flight 1549 ). There were no dead. Ferries, private boats and fireboats rescued the 155 survivors (all on board) from the wings of the hardly damaged Airbus A320. No ship was rammed on the river.
- May 8, 2010: the Andrew J. Barberi , rams the same port facilities again as in 2003; there is one fatality and over 60 injured.
- August 28, 2011: The center of Hurricane Irene , which ran in a south-north direction, was near NYC. It could be downgraded to a "tropical storm" here. The precautionary measures included the evacuation of clinics and nursing homes and the complete shutdown of the subways (for the first time in their history) and bus routes.
- October 29, 2012: The storm surge caused by Hurricane Sandy and up to seven meter high waves of a spring tide caused damage to the coasts due to flooding and significant coastal erosion. The water level in Battery Park on the southern tip of Manhattan reached a new high, which exceeded the previous high when Hurricane Donna passed through . As a result, several subway tunnels were flooded for the first time in over 100 years . The Hudson flooded temporarily. In total, Hurricane Sandy caused damage of 70 billion dollars in the United States. As a result there are plans to improve the flood protection of the cities.
Museums
- The South Street Seaport in southeast Manhattan is a largely listed area on the East River. The South Street Seaport Museum has been located there at Pier 16 since 1967 ; this has been America's National Maritime Museum since 1998 ; there are as museum ships the Viermastbark, the freighter, Beijing (Bj. 1911) and Wavertree (1885 in Southampton ), the saver Pioneer (1885), Lettie G. Howard (1893), the fire ship Ambrose (1908, LV 87) Steam tug Helen McAllister (1900, ex-Admiral Dewey) and WO Decker (1930) and the Marion M. (1932, a barge for a former sea mark).
- The Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum is located at Pier 86 at 46 West Street. At its core, it is an aircraft carrier from World War II ( Pacific Fleet , decommissioned in 1974) with further technical exhibits from the US naval forces , aerospace ( NASA ) in the USA. Since 2012, the " Enterprise ", the first US space shuttle (space shuttle), can also be seen there.
- In 2011, the Museum Bldg 92: Brooklyn Navy Yard Center on the history of the naval shipyards opened at this location.
- Noble Maritime Collection, a marine museum on Staten Island
- Snug Harbor Cultural Center and Botanical Garden in northern Staten Island
National Parks of New York Harbor
Since 2003 there has been an authority, the National Parks of New York Harbor , whose task is to preserve 23 nationally significant buildings, building ensembles and landscapes that are in and around the harbor (in the rank of national monuments , National Memorials , National Historic Sites and a number of recreation areas, National Recreation Areas ). These include the Statue of Liberty , Federal Hall National Memorial , Canarsie Pier in Jamaica Bay , Castle Clinton , Fort Hancock in Monmouth County, Gateway National Recreation Area and St. Paul's Church in Mount Vernon, New York and the Great Kills Park. The current director (commissioner below the Ministry of the Interior ) is Maria Burks. Contrary to the agency's name, however, there is no National Park of New York Harbor. A foundation for the same purpose works closely with this agency, the National Parks of New York Harbor Conservancy (it is a 501 (c) 3 non-profit organization ).
people
If they weren't already mentioned, Hudson as a European explorer ( 1609 ) and Washington, despite or because of the military defeat of 1776, should be listed here. Just like the namesake of the paddle steamer General Slocum , the catastrophe of 1904. In contrast, the city planner Robert Moses (1888–1981; the “master builder”) was one of the quiet greats for the port.
People with whom the port is often mentioned in the same breath and vice versa are also:
- Marlon Brando , because of his portrayal of Tony Melois in Die Faust im Nacken (1954, see below)
- Henry LaGuardia , Mayor from 1934 to 1945 at the time of the New Deal through his support for the construction of bridges and tunnels, as well as New York-LaGuardia Airport , which was later named after him
- Herman Melville (1819-1891), a New York born and author of the book Moby Dick, on whaling. In 1866 he became customs inspector in the port for the last decades of his life.
- After 1900 the team of architects Warren / Wetmore implemented a creative solution for the Chelsea Piers to extend the necessary extension of these new jetties for the luxury liners on the Hudson; They also designed the Grand Central Terminal .
Films, media reception
- László Benedek (Director): Port of New York . USA, an agent thriller from 1949. Yul Brynner makes a prominent appearance in the film for the first time. Shot on original locations.
- Roland Emmerich's climate catastrophe film The Day After Tomorrow drowns the city in a tidal wave (2004).
- Katja Esson (Director): Gates to the World. Germany, 2005, documentary, 43 min.
- Bernard Guerrini, Mathias Schmitt (director): Naturopolis - New York, the green revolution. Documentary, FRA / USA, 2012, 90 min.
- Elia Kazan's 1954 feature film " The Fist in the Neck " is about the working conditions of dock workers in New York City and the then US transport workers' union in the original setting. His americ. The title was On the Waterfront.
See also
- List of sea ports
- The New York Metropolitan Area , also Tri-States-Area or Tri-States-Region (= three-state-region), is the metropolitan area around the city
- Waterfront Commission (since 1953, intergovernmental authority)
literature
- Kevin Bone, Mary Beth Betts et al .: The New York Waterfront: Evolution and Building Culture of the Port and Harbor. Monacelli, 2003, ISBN 978-1-885254-54-2 (English)
- Anne L. Buttenwieser: Manhattan Water-Bound. Manhattan's Waterfront from the Seventeenth Century to the Present. Syracuse University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-8156-2801-3 . (English)
- Jameson W. Doig: Empire on the Hudson. Columbia University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-231-07677-0 . (English)
- Innsbruck News of July 3, 1900: Report on the fire. (see link to the fire disaster)
- Moses King: King's handbook of New York city; an outline history and description of the American metropolis. Boston, Mass., Verlag Moses King, 1892. (richly illustrated, English)
- William Kornblum: At Sea in the City. Workman Publishing, 2002. (English)
- Paul C. Morris, William P. Quinn: Shipwrecks in New York Waters. Orleans, MA, 1983. (English)
- Eugene Salignac (photographs): New York Rises. Aperture (USA) 2007, ISBN 978-1-59711-013-6 . (Recordings from 1906 to 1934. Ed. By Michael Lorenzini, Kevin Moore; English title translated into German: NY wacht auf.)
- Eric Sanderson, Markley Boyer (Illustrations): Mannahatta : A Natural History of New York City. Abrams, NYC, 2009, ISBN 978-0-8109-9633-5 (On the ecology of the historic and present port area / area of the Hudson Estuary (from 1609). In 2009 it was also the title of an exhibition at the Museum of the City of New York )
Web links
- Mark Berkey-Gerard, Pat Arnow: New York's Port, Beyond Dubai. In: Gotham Gazette , March 2006 (English)
- The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey via the terminals ( Memento of January 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (via Internet Archive, English)
- The New York Bight (on sedimentation; PDF file; 58 kB, English)
- On the fire of 1900:
- Fire disaster in New York Harbor in 1900.
- What happened? - Casualties - Communicate - Bibliography ( Memento of December 2, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (including an incomplete list with 245 mentions - via the Internet Archive, English)
- To lighthouses:
- hudsonlights.com (English)
- New York Lighthouses at lighthousefriends.com (English)
Evidence for citations and sources
- ↑ Peter Kleinort: New York wants to be number 1 . In: Daily port report of April 18, 2016, p. 4
- ^ German Hydrographic Institute (ed.): Handbook of the East Coast of the United States of North America: Part I, 1943, reprint 1953 . Hamburg 1953 (valid up to and including 1970).
- ^ NOAA booklet for Upper Bay and Narrows. (PDF) NOAA, accessed February 3, 2021 .
- ^ Along New York Harbor, 'On the Waterfront' Endures. Joseph Goldstein, in the NYT - Jan. 6, 2017. The article refers to the film Die Faust im Nacken from 1954 and its background.
- ↑ St. Petersburg Times , Oct. 16, 2003, also online
- ^ Matt Flegenheimer: At Long Last, a Glimpse of a Shipbuilding Past. NYTimes, Nov 7, 2011, p. A21. Homepage Bldg 92: Brooklyn Navy Yard Center (at Building 92)
- ^ National Parks of New York Harbor, website
- ↑ Guidestar
- ↑ mannahatta-project (English)