Crab bugs

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Crab bugs
City of Radevormwald
Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 4 ″  N , 7 ° 18 ′ 7 ″  E
Height : 240 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 71  (Oct 31, 2004)
Postal code : 42477
Area code : 02191
Crab roe (Radevormwald)
Crab bugs

Location of Krebsöge in Radevormwald

Krebsöge is a town in the town of Radevormwald in the Oberbergischer Kreis in the North Rhine-Westphalian administrative district of Cologne in Germany .

The place has been an industrial location since the 18th century and is still dominated today by extensive production facilities from GKN sintermetals , which employs over 400 people.

Etymology and history

Building of the former brewery in Krebsöge at 51 ° 12 ′ 5.8 ″  N , 7 ° 18 ′ 12.6 ″  E

Oege , Öge is a regional form of floodplain and reflects the location of the place in the Wupperaue. Apparently there was in the time of origin of living space a rich presence of crawfish at this point, which has also reflected in place names. In 1888 there was evidence of a mass death of the crayfish in the Wupper, when the crayfish plague (fungal disease) introduced from America attacked the population.

In 1514 the place was mentioned for the first time in the "church accounts". Spelling of the first mention : Krevetz oge . The map Topographia Ducatus Montani from 1715 shows the farm as Krebseou . In the 18th century the place belonged to the Bergisches Amt Bornefeld-Hückeswagen .

In 1724 Peter Moll , Peter Daniel Hardt and Engelbert Strohn had a water drive built at Krebsöge in which a fulling mill was to be installed. The water for the water drives was led to the water wheels via a long upper ditch, which was branched off by a weir from the Wupper above Krebsöge and dammed in a hammer pond. Almost fifty years later, in a document dated April 15, 1770, a fulling mill, a rod iron hammer and four horizontal hammers are handed down. In 1804 the geometer Engelbert Haendeler drew a plan of crab arches. In this eight buildings below the Krebsöger Hammerteich with a total of ten water wheels are shown. In 1815/16 four people lived in the village.

In 1828 the original cadastre of the place was recorded. It shows a new building on the site of three fulling mills or hammer mills. Other kotten were rented to the Hilger brothers , who operated a cloth finishing there . The builder Christian Schmidt built a large factory below the Hammerteich around 1850 based on plans by Christian Heyden . The builders of the spinning mill , whose workers lived in a house in the village, were the Thuringian brothers . This factory was expanded in 1864 on behalf of Albert Karsch by the builder Albert Schmidt , but after his death in 1868, his son-in-law Arnold Budde ran it down technically and commercially within a few years.

The old connecting road from Lennep to Radevormwald led over Krebsöge. In 1830 the Wupperfurt there was replaced by a bridge. Later this road was expanded to federal road 229 until the Wuppertalsperre was dammed .

In 1832, under the name of Krebsoege , Krebsöge was part of the Altbergian rural community of Fünfzehnhöfe , which belonged to the mayor of Wermelskirchen . According to the statistics and topography of the Dusseldorf administrative district , the place called an inn and arable farm was on the border with the mayor's office in Lüttringhausen and at that time owned a residential building and an agricultural building. At that time, four people lived in the village, all of whom were Protestant

Wilhelm Lausberg set up the Kronen brewery in 1853 . In it, the varieties Kronenpilsner , Krebsoeger Lager , Krebsoeger , Muenchner and the Bockbier Doppel-Krone were brewed. The buildings of the cloth factory were finally bought on December 20, 1878 by the company Peter Hammacher & Cie. who set up a cloth factory there. In addition to the “ oldest balancing steam engine in the Lennep district ”, an 86 HP Henschel-Jonval turbine (4.30 m gradient, consumption 2000 liters of Wupper water per second) powered the textile machines .

The first section of the Wuppertal Railway was built in 1886 to connect the factories in the Wupper villages . Krebsöge also got its own branch station on the railway line, the Krebsöge station . Via the important railway junction, you could get to Barmen , Lennep or Radevormwald and Halver by rail .

In the municipality lexicon for the Rhineland province , three houses with 15 residents are given for the year 1895. At that time the place belonged to the mayor's office of Fünfzehnhöfe within the Lennep district . In 1909 the place had six houses with 44 inhabitants.

On April 16, 1901, the acquired Barmer company Philipp Barthels-Feldhoff all properties in Krebsöge for 90,000 marks and produced there Eisengarn . In 1906 the mayor's office was incorporated into the town of Lennep .

In 1908 the Kronenbrauerei was sold by Wilhelm Lausberg to an Ulrich Andreas from Hagen - Haspe . Despite joining the inn and later Hotel Weber , sales collapsed during the First World War and the brewery had to close in 1917. In 1925 the innkeeper Otto Weber bought the brewery building. The lathe operator Heinrich Stück rented a room and manufactured steel molds for bricks and artificial stones there.

Around 1920 the place was connected to the power grid. The Philipp Barthels-Feldhoff company , which after the First World War limited itself to doubling and braiding due to the low demand for iron yarn, was the major consumer in the town with 60,000 kilowatt hours . In 1930 business operations were stopped. In 1941 the Wuppertal entrepreneur Kurt Herberts considered setting up a paint and varnish production facility in the factory, but rejected the idea again.

While Lennep was incorporated into Remscheid in 1929 , the eastern edge towns, including Krebsöge, went to Radevormwald.

Sintered metal works Krebsoege

The sintering capillary department of the Schwelmer Eisenwerk finally moved into the factory in 1943. On June 13, 1943, Sintermetallwerk Krebsoege GmbH (SMK) was entered in the commercial register, which in 1944 had an annual turnover of 3.3 million Reichsmarks with sintered or powdered metal . The end of the war meant a drastic slump in production, the company could only just barely be maintained with a few employees and the production of slide bearings . Since the power supply had not yet been restored, the electricity for the sintering furnaces and presses was generated locally by means of a 170 hp Francis turbine .

The company experienced great growth and founded several branch plants in Germany between 1960 and 1970. In 1968 the company's annual turnover was 15 million DM. The company also expanded in Krebsböge, replacing older buildings with new factory buildings. When the old factory burned down on February 24, 1971, it was replaced by a modern factory building. It was not until 1973 that the use of hydropower ended after around 250 years. At the place of the weir the dam of the Wuppertalsperre was built. In the 1990s, additional workshops were built. In 1993, the Sintermetallwerk Krebsoege received the Skaupy Prize from the Powder Metallurgy Joint Committee for outstanding achievements in the field of powder metallurgy .

The place was severely curtailed by the construction of the Wuppertal dam. The dam was built right through the town and southern parts of the town, including the train station, sank into the floods from 1986. In the ice cellar of the old brewery, the Krebsöger residents sought protection from air raids during World War II . Parts of the old brewery were demolished for the construction of the bottom outlet tunnel for the newly built Wuppertalsperre. During the demolition work in 1985, the construction workers of the Wupperverband found numerous porcelain stoppers and old beer bottles with the label Krebsoeger Lager in the 20 m deep ice cellars .

present

Today the place is dominated by the large dam of the Wuppertalsperre. The service road at the dam and the Lenneper Bach pre-dam is particularly popular for inline skaters . The starting point is usually a parking lot for hikers at the dam. The "old village" Krebsöge has been preserved in a few parts as a unit and has been supplemented with newer residential buildings.

Hiking and biking trails

The following hiking trails lead past the place:

literature

  • Norbert Wolff: Sunk in the Wupper floods. Documentation in words and pictures of Krebsöge and Kräwinklerbrücke before the construction of the Wupper dam. Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-610-8 .
  • Klaus Pampus: First documentary mentions of Oberbergischer places (= contributions to Oberbergischen history. Special volume 1). Oberbergische Department 1924 eV of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein, Gummersbach 1998, ISBN 3-88265-206-3 .
  • Manfred Heymann et al.: Crab roe "original". The small town before the Wupper Dam was built. A nostalgia. Jungdruck, Radevormwald 2007.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g h i Krebsöge on wupperindustrie.de (accessed: January 19, 2015)
  2. ^ Klaus Pampus: First documentary naming of Oberbergischer places (= contributions to Oberbergischen history. Sonderbd. 1). Oberbergische Department 1924 eV of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein, Gummersbach 1998, ISBN 3-88265-206-3 .
  3. a b Johann Georg von Viebahn : Statistics and topography of the administrative district of Düsseldorf. Part 2: Containing the statistical table of places and distances and the alphabetical index of place names. Schreiner, Düsseldorf 1836, p. 19 .
  4. a b Wilhelm R. Schmidt (ed.): Albert Schmidt. A builder from Bergisch. Sutton, Erfurt 2008, ISBN 978-3-86680-400-5 , p. 121 ff.
  5. Rudolf Inkeller: The Wuppertal track. The railway connection Wuppertal - Radevormwald - Bruges (Westf.) (= Rheinisch-Bergische Eisenbahngeschichte. Issue 5). 3rd, revised and updated edition. Kaiß, Leichlingen 2004, ISBN 3-9806103-7-3 , p. 38f.
  6. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Rhineland. Based on materials from the census of December 1, 1895 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Statistical Bureau. In: Royal Statistical Bureau (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. tape XII , 1897, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 .
  7. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Rhine Province. Based on the materials from the census of December 1, 1905 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Prussian State Statistical Office. In: Königliches Prussisches Statistisches Landesamt (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. Booklet XII, 1909, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 .