Lebus district
The district of Lebus , until 1939 district Lebus , until the 19th century also called Lebuser district , was a district in Brandenburg until 1950 . It existed in Prussia , in the Soviet occupation zone and in the GDR . On January 1, 1945, the district comprised the six towns of Buckow , Fürstenwalde (Spree) , Lebus , Müllrose , Müncheberg and Seelow , 110 other communities and four forest estate districts .
Today, the former district is largely part of the Märkisch-Oderland and Oder-Spree districts . A small part of the original district , east of the Oder , with the municipalities of Neu Lebus and Tirpitz , was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet Union in 1945 and has since been located in the Powiat Słubicki of the Polish Lebus Voivodeship .
Administrative history
Country of Lebus
The land of Lebus has been mentioned in documents since the 13th century ; it probably existed several centuries earlier. The area corresponded roughly to that of the later Lebus district, possibly a little further south to over the Schlaube, and to the east of the Oder that of the later Sternberg district .
The offices of Lebus and Fürstenwalde were formed in the 16th century,
Lebusian Circle
In the 17th century the Lebusische Kreis was established in the Mark Brandenburg.
Lebus district in the 19th century
As part of the formation of provinces and administrative districts in Prussia, a district reform took place in the Frankfurt administrative district in 1816 , which changed the delimitation of the district as follows:
- The northern part of the district, including the places Alt Tucheband , Friedrichsaue , Genschmar , Golzow , Gorgast , Hathenow , Kienitz , Letschin , Libbenichen , Manschnow , Ortwig , Rathstock , Sachsendorf , Werbig , Wilhelmsaue and Zechin , became part of the new Cüstrin district .
- The city of Frankfurt (Oder) and the surrounding towns of Boossen , Buschmühle, Karthaus, Kliestow , Lossow , Rosengarten , Schiffersruh, Tzschetzschnow and Ziegelei became part of the new Frankfurt district .
- The places Klein Buckow, Hasenholz and Garzin moved from the Oberbarnim district to the Lebus district.
The district office of the Lebus district was initially located outside the district area in the city of Frankfurt an der Oder.
On January 1, 1827, the Frankfurt district was dissolved again. The district of the district, the area outside the city of Frankfurt, initially came completely to the Lebus district. On January 1, 1836, the places originally from the Sternberg district changed from the Lebus district back to the Sternberg district.
On January 1, 1836, the Cüstrin district was dissolved again and the area that had belonged to the Lebus district until 1816 was reintegrated into the Lebus district. In 1863 the district office was relocated to the town of Seelow .
North German Confederation / German Empire
Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the Lebus district in line with developments in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which all manor districts except four were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. As of January 1, 1939, the district of Lebus was named Landkreis in accordance with the now uniform rule . On May 17, 1939, the communities Güldendorf , Kliestow , Lichtenberg , Markendorf and Rosengarten left the district and became the city of Frankfurt a. Incorporated.
In spring 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army after heavy fighting over the Seelow Heights .
Soviet occupation zone / German Democratic Republic
After May 8, 1945, the district largely belonged to the Soviet occupation zone . The communities of Neu Lebus and Tirpitz , located opposite the city of Lebus on the eastern bank of the Oder, were placed under Polish administration by the Soviet Union in the spring of 1945 . Subsequently, the local Polish administrative authorities expelled the local population from this part of the district .
With effect from March 15, 1946, by resolution of the presidium of the provincial administration of Mark Brandenburg, the municipalities of Bleyen and Küstrin-Kietz , located on the left bank of the Oder, of the dissolved district of Königsberg Nm. to the district of Lebus. The law on the amendment to improve the district and municipal boundaries of April 28, 1950 resulted in a number of territorial changes on July 1, 1950:
- The district of Lebus was renamed the district of Seelow .
- The town of Fürstenwalde and the municipality of Hangelsberg became part of the new Fürstenwalde district , and on August 1, 1951, the municipality of Berkenbrück .
- The communities of Biegen , Biegenbrück , Boossen , Brieskow-Finkenheerd , Dubrow , Hohenwalde , Jacobsdorf , Kaisermühl , Lossow , Müllrose, Oberlindow , Pillgram , Unterlindow and Weißenspring came to the new Frankfurt (Oder) district .
- The communities of Lichtenow , Rehfelde , Werder and Zinndorf moved from the Niederbarnim district to the Seelow district.
- The communities Altbarnim , Neubarnim , Neutrebbin , Sietzing , Wuschewier and Zelliner Loose moved from the Oberbarnim district to the Seelow district.
In 1952 there was another comprehensive regional reform in the GDR :
- The communities Arensdorf , Beerfelde , Briesen (Mark) , Buchholz , Demnitz , Falkenberg , Hasenfelde , Heinersdorf , Jänickendorf , Kersdorf , Madlitz , Neuendorf im Sande , Petersdorf , Schönfelde , Steinhöfel , Tempelberg , Trebus and Wilmersdorf moved to the Fürstenwalde district .
- The towns of Buckow and Müncheberg and the communities of Dahmsdorf , Eggersdorf , Garzin , Hasenholz , Hermersdorf , Hoppegarten , Lichtenow , Münchehofe , Obersdorf , Rehfelde, Waldsieversdorf , Werder and Zinndorf moved to the Strausberg district .
- All other communities formed the district of Seelow , which was assigned to the newly formed district of Frankfurt (Oder) .
Population development
year | Residents | source |
---|---|---|
1750 | 38,512 | |
1800 | 53,263 | |
1816 | 24,691 | |
1840 | 64,685 | |
1871 | 92,882 | |
1890 | 92,404 | |
1900 | 91,421 | |
1910 | 95,424 | |
1925 | 102.908 | |
1933 | 104,593 | |
1939 | 105.080 | |
1946 | 98,469 |
Local constitution until 1945
With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . These were grouped into administrative districts .
District administrators
-1735 | Hans Friedrich von Rohr |
1735-1774 | Phillip Ludwig Ewald von Rohr |
1774-1781 | Friedrich Heinrich von Podewils |
1781-1788 | Hans Sigismund von Beerfelde |
1788– | Carl Heinrich von Schöning |
1809-1816 | Johann Gottlieb Lehmann |
1816-1851 | Leopold Karbe |
1850-1859 | Leopold von Winter |
1860-1879 | Bernhard von der Marwitz |
1879-1882 | Rudolf von Raumer |
1882 | Alfred Wagner |
1882 | Tanner |
1883-1893 | Paul von Steinau-Steinrück |
1893-1897 | Robert Ludwig August Jacobs |
1894-1905 | Kaspar Heinrich von der Marwitz |
1905-1915 | Ernst Eberhard Kleiner |
1915 | Prince |
1915 | Hecker |
1920-1926 | Otto Pautsch |
1926 | August Schabbehard ( acting ) |
1926-1929 | Walter Breuer |
1929-1933 | Erik Hildebrandt |
1933-1937 | Adolf of Nassau |
1937-1945 | Hans Kreutzberger |
1945-1946 | Paul Papke |
cities and communes
Status 1945
In 1945 the following cities and communities belonged to the district of Lebus:
The municipality-free manor districts of Forst Müllrose, Forst Neubrück, Schlaubehammer and Weißenspring also belonged to the district of Lebus .
Communities dissolved before 1945
- Altpodelzig , to Podelzig in 1928
- Baiersberg , 1926 to Buschdorf
- Georgenthal , 1938 to Falkenhagen
- Gerickensberg , to Buschdorf in 1926
- Güldendorf , 1939 to the city of Frankfurt a. O.
- Hohenjesar , 1931 to Alt Zeschdorf
- Kliestow , 1939 to the city of Frankfurt a. O.
- Lehmannshöfel , to Buschdorf in 1926
- Lichtenberg , 1939 to the city of Frankfurt a. O.
- Markendorf , 1939 to the city of Frankfurt a. O.
- Neulindow , 1934 to Oberlindow
- Neu Madlitz , to Madlitz in 1939
- Neupodelzig , to Podelzig in 1928
- New Zeschdorf , 1938 to Alt Zeschdorf
- Neufeld , about 1926 to Quappendorf
- Nieder Görlsdorf and Ober Görlsdorf , merged in 1926 to form the municipality of Görlsdorf
- Rosengarten , 1939 to the city of Frankfurt a. O.
- Zernickow , 1939 to Seelow
Name changes
The Neuhardenberg community was renamed Marxwalde on February 19, 1949 in honor of Karl Marx and was given its traditional name back in 1990.
literature
- Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 97-98, item 6.
- Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population . Part II: Province of Brandenburg , Berlin 1873, pp. 150-159.
- Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., 1867, pp. 143-169.
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century . Volume 3, 1st edition, Brandenburg 1856, pp. 183-241 ( online ).
- Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad Oder. Compiled from official sources . Frankfurt ad O. 1844, pp. 129-147.
- W. Riehl and J. Scheu (eds.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence . Berlin 1861, pp. 364-392.
- Contributions to the history of mining in the province of Brandenburg. Hermann Cramer, Halle 1872–1889, Volume 1, Reprint (facsimile), ISBN 978-3-88372-000-5 , Potsdam 2011.
- M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
Web links
- Lebus district - Territorial (Rolf Jehke, 2012)
Individual evidence
- ^ Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück : History of the former Diocese of Lebus and the country of this taking . Volume 3. Berlin 1832. pp. 133ff.
- ^ Ingo Materna, Wolfgang Ribbe (ed.): Brandenburg history . Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-05-002508-5 , Boundaries and Administrative Structure, p. 32 ff . ( Digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
- ^ A b c Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg . tape 2 . Friedrich Maurer, Berlin 1805, chap. Lebus District, S. 276 ff . ( Digitized version ).
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder . No. 12 , 1816, p. 106 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder . No. 42 , 1826, pp. 334 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder . No. 49 , 1835, pp. 363 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
- ^ History of the district of Lebus on www. territorial.de
- ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2000: District-free cities
- ^ Kietz and the surrounding area at genealogy.net
- ^ Provincial administration Mark Brandenburg (Ed.): Ordinance sheet of the Provincial Administration Mark Brandenburg No. 7 of April 10, 1946 . Resolution of the presidium of the provincial administration of Mark Brandenburg on the dissolution of the remaining district of Königsberg (Neumark) and change of the borders of the districts of Oberbarnim, Lebus and Angermünde.
- ↑ genealogy.net: Lebus district
- ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district of Frankfurt, p. 210 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
- ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurt ad O., Harnecker, 1844, p. 30
- ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Province of Brandenburg and their population in 1871
- ↑ a b c d e f Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Lebus district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ 1946 census