Time
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ' N , 12 ° 8' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony-Anhalt | |
| County : | Burgenland district | |
| Height : | 160 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 87.18 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 27,601 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 317 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 06711, 06712 | |
| Area code : | 03441 | |
| License plate : | BLK, HHM, NEB, NMB, WSF, ZZ | |
| Community key : | 15 0 84 590 | |
| LOCODE : | DE ZEZ | |
| NUTS : | DEE08 | |
City administration address : |
Altmarkt 1 06712 Zeitz |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Christian Thieme ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Zeitz in the Burgenland district | ||
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Zeitz is a city in the south of Saxony-Anhalt . It belongs to the Burgenland district . From 1652 to 1718 Zeitz was the capital of the Duchy of Saxony-Zeitz . Moritzburg Castle served as the residence . Zeitz has developed into an industrial city since the 19th century.
geography
Zeitz is located in the extreme south of Saxony-Anhalt. The city is located on the White Elster , about 40 kilometers south of Leipzig and 25 kilometers north of Gera . The core city is divided into the lower town on the Elster and the upper town on and on the mountain. The urban area borders in the southeast on the state border with Thuringia .
Neighboring communities
Adjacent communities, clockwise, are the city of Hohenmölsen and Elsteraue in the Burgenland district, the city of Meuselwitz and Starkenberg in the Thuringian district of Altenburger Land, and Schnaudertal , Gutenborn , Kretzschau and the city of Teuchern in the Burgenland district.
City structure
The city is divided into the following localities:
| Localities | Districts |
|---|---|
| Geussnitz | Geussnitz, Wildenborn |
| Kayna | Kayna, Lindenberg, Mahlen, Roda, Zettweil |
| Luckenau | Luckenau, Streckau , Weidau |
| Nonnewitz | Nonnewitz, Unterschwöditz |
| Pirkau | Neu-Pirkau , Pirkau, Schwerzau , devastated: Döbris |
| Theißen | Theißen |
| Würchwitz | Bockwitz, Lobas, Loitsch, Suxdorf, Stockhausen, Würchwitz , devastated: Sabissa |
| Zangenberg | Zangenberg |
| Time | Zeitz, Aue , Aylsdorf , Hainichen , Posa Monastery , Rasberg |
climate
The average air temperature in Zeitz is 9.0 ° C, the annual precipitation 564 millimeters.
history
Early middle ages
The area around Zeitz belonged to the Thuringian Empire . In 531 there was a battle between Saxon - Franconian and Thuringian armies at Burgscheidungen ( Unstrut ), as a result of which the southern part of the Thuringian Empire was incorporated into the Franconian Empire. In the area east of the Elbe - Saale - line , located in the well Zeitz, settled in the second half of the 6th century Slavic peasants. The tribal center of the small tribal district Puonzowa was probably located on the site of today's Posa Monastery .
King Heinrich I (* 876; † 936) had a castle built on the site of today's Moritzburg , which made it possible to control the Slavic population.
Time of the bishops
At the Synod of Ravenna in 967 Zeitz was first mentioned as Cici (there are more than 30 other name variations known from other documents), as Emperor Otto I (912–973) and Pope Johannes XIII. , for the purpose of Christianizing the Slavic population and continuing to consolidate German rule, the founding of the Archdiocese of Magdeburg and the Diocese of Merseburg , the Diocese of Meißen and the Diocese of Zeitz were decided. The preparatory work for the establishment of the diocese has been done by the monk and missionary Boso from the Benedictine monastery of St. Emmeram since 950 through an "incessant" missionary work of the local Slavs. In December 968 Hugo I (968–979) was ordained as the first Zeitz bishop , making Zeitz the bishopric. In 976 the bishop received the city of Zeitz as a gift from Emperor Otto II .
From 1028 to 1032, due to the constant efforts of the Ekkehardines , the bishopric was moved from Zeitz to Naumburg with papal approval . This changed at the end of the 13th century when the bishops again chose Zeitz as their residence, but were still elected and appointed in Naumburg. With the death of Bishop Julius von Pflug in 1564, the diocese was dissolved after around 600 years. The city fortifications with city walls and associated fortifications as well as several city wall towers are particularly reminiscent of the Middle Ages .
The castle complex was besieged several times during the Thirty Years' War and the Bishop's Castle was finally destroyed by Swedish troops at the end of 1644 .
Time of the dukes
The will of Johann Georg I (Saxony) from 1652 stipulated the division of Electoral Saxony among his four sons. This created the secondary education - the duchies of Saxony-Merseburg , Saxony-Weißenfels and Saxony-Zeitz . This resulted in the following succession: the eldest son, who later became the grandfather of Augustus the Strong , took over the hereditary lands as well as the electoral dignity and thus remained with his residence in Dresden . The youngest son, Moritz , initially took over the administration of the Naumburg-Zeitz Abbey in 1653 . In 1656 his father died and, according to the will, he took over the government of the Duchy of Saxony-Zeitz.
The baroque residence Moritzburg an der Elster was built on the foundations of the destroyed bishop's castle under the direction of the princely Saxon master builder Johann Moritz Richter (1620–1667), later by his son Johann Moritz Richter (1647–1705) . The construction time was 21 years, from March 19, 1657 to 1678. Furthermore, many baroque buildings were erected during this time, which still characterize the cityscape today. The Palais Brühl 11 was inhabited by Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff , who was Chancellor under Duke Moritz. He had the building rebuilt and expanded in the baroque style.
In 1718, Duke Moritz's only son, Duke Moritz Wilhelm, died . Thus, after only 69 years, in accordance with the conditions of the will of Johann Georg I, the Duchy of Saxony-Zeitz reverted to the Kurhaus Dresden. After the Napoleonic Wars , the Vienna Congress in 1814/15 decided that almost the entire monastery area fell to Prussia and Zeitz became the seat of a Prussian district .
Industrialization period
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Even in the time of the bishops, there were several water mills in operation in Zeitz, the hemp mill and the Blankenmühle on Rothebach, the remains of which can still be found today, the upper and middle mill and later the lower mill on the Mühlgraben, which were modernized again and again and still continue to the 1990s were working. In 1843 the first steam engine was put into operation and in 1855 the Zeitzer Eisengießerei und Maschinenfabrik AG (ZEMAG) was founded, which dealt with lignite refining processes and the construction of the plate dryers, briquette presses and loading systems required for this , because there was a belt of countless around the city of Zeitz Lignite mines in underground and open-cast mining, which extracted the raw coal and processed it as fuel. From 1946 to 1953, the company was run as a Soviet joint-stock company (SAG) under Soviet management to fulfill reparation payments . From 1954 as VEB ZEMAG Zeitz , a strong development began, which subsequently also led to the production of tube dryers, rope excavators and crawler cranes. The Zeitz sugar factory was built in 1858 to produce white sugar from sugar beet using a modern process. In 1859 Zeitz was connected to the railway from Weißenfels to Gera , in 1872 to Altenburg , 1873 to Leipzig and finally in 1879 to Camburg . Other foundries such as the iron and steel foundry Oswald Kunsch in Zeitz-Rasberg (1896) and the iron foundry Hoffmann were founded. In 1889 the Herrmannschacht briquette factory was founded, which worked until 1959 and is still preserved today as an industrial monument and maintained by an association. It is also the oldest preserved briquette factory in the world.
The economic upturn also led to the establishment of printing works in Zeitz , such as the Schieferdecker printing works (1841), which were succeeded by C. Brendel, Kratzsch sen. and junior, since 1942 the Blochwitz print shop has been called and still exists today, the Dathe brothers (1889), the “Gutenberg” print shop (1891) and the cooperative print shop (1910), which published the newspaper “Der Volksbote”. In 1889 the newspaper publisher Reinhold Jubelt founded his printing company, which published the Zeitzer Latest News , newspaper for Zeitz and the surrounding area. The oldest Zeitzer newspaper was printed in 1801, then the "Zeitzer Kreisblatt" since 1825 and the "Zeitzer Zeitung" since 1864.
From 1904, the rapid expansion of an electrical power supply based on an initially 220/440 volt three-wire direct current network began in Zeitz, which resulted in the modernization of drives in industry and craft as well as many new companies being founded. (In 1965 the last parts of the direct current network in the city were rebuilt and the direct current supply ended.) This is how the Hubertus Raab Maschinen- und Motorenbau company came into being , which at the time was one of the foremost mechanical and engine building companies in Germany. The Zeitz piano industry, with 30 different factories at times, was very well known in Germany. The best known were Hoelling & Spangenberg (Friedrich Hölling was also known as the “old master of the German piano industry”), Albert Fahr, F. Geissler, Homberg, Schmidt & Soup, Oscar Gerbstädt, Morenz & Schemelli, E. Rübner & Co., C. Steudel, Liebig, Krietzsch and Hupfer & Comp. Piano mechanisms, plus there were A. Kummer, Gustav Dinger & Sons and Pfeiffer & Bartsch. In addition, the companies Albert Fahr ( Kuk court supplier ), Gustav Köhler and Schneider & Heysel produced clay furniture, the company Pucklitzsch art furniture, the company Homberg inlay and small furniture and the company Clingenstein veneers for pianos and furniture.
The Zeitz wood goods and pram industry also became known beyond the city. At the time when this branch of industry was being established, the master wheelwright Ernst Albert Naether , who founded the EA Naether company, was important. Other companies in this branch of industry in Zeitz were Opel & Kühne, Haesselbarth & Storm, “Thuringia”, “Saxonia” (Eduard Pfeiffer), Feiner, Germania, Gärtner and Wünsch & Pretzsch (“Phönix”). Baby buggy equipment came from Paul Wöllner and Jöstel. The company W.Otto Wolf manufactured trimmings, ribbons and borders. The wheels were manufactured by the Scharre company. After 1945, the EA Naether company was expropriated according to allied law and the VVB Kinderfahrzeuge was formed from the Naether, Opel, “Saxonia” and Feiner companies by resolution of the government agencies of the GDR at the time. From this emerged in the further development of VEB ZEKIWA, which became an important export company in Zeitz. Furniture was made by the Ludwig Lindner furniture factory. Woodworking tools and machines for these companies came from the Kneisel company in Zeitz. The great demand for batteries at the beginning of the 20th century was met by the Uhrbach & Reinhold battery element and flycatcher factory and the Etzold & Baeßler battery and reflector factory. Boiler construction was operated by the company Dampfkesselbau Schumann, the company Göcker manufactured machine tools. Leather goods production was carried out by the Scholle and Moll companies.
Metal goods were manufactured by the metal goods factory Bescherer, which also powered a funicular on the Wendish mountain in Zeitz with its steam engine. Starting in 1877, this cable car transported the wagons and people up the mountain with a gradient of 9.6% to the upper town or down to the lower town with two cars running in opposite directions. It was a sensation in Germany in its time, the design and construction of Germany's first funicular railway was carried out by the Zeitz master builder Tretrop. In 1960, after an explosion in the chimney of the boiler house, the entire system was dismantled.
The food companies were Max Emmerling (production of rusks and pasta), WR Clingestein (vinegar and fuel factory) and Fröhlich & Co. (preservation of vegetables and production of vinegar essence). The Oettler brewery emerged from a large number of beer breweries as the largest and most modern brewery, which also withstood the competition of the Köstritzer black beer brewery and the Riebeck brewery from Leipzig in the battle for the Zeitz beer market. Lemonades were produced in the Nägler and Büchner companies. The Oehler and Oehmig - Weidlich factories ran confectionery and chocolate production. The Oehler company was transferred to VEB Zetti after 1952 and achieved a high level of awareness in Europe. The Thieme company made soaps. After 1952, Oehmig & Weidlich and Thieme were merged as VEB Zitza, which became known in the Eastern Bloc with hair tinting products . Paints and varnishes were produced by the Hugo Lenssen company. Its products were used, among other things, to paint German airships, which is why a Zeppelin airship made several stopovers in the field on Wilhelmshöhe.
Probably the oldest company in Zeitz is the cloth and calico printing company Scheube & Brehme, which has been owned by the families since the middle of the 19th century and produced privately until 1972 and after the nationalization by the GDR as VEB Linen Union until 1990. Linen prints in modern printing processes were an export item, especially to western countries. The company F, B, Casiraghi, also produced yarns and fabrics in the mid-19th century, but stopped production after years. Both companies used the water from the mill trench for their operations.
In the three movie theaters Capitol , Metropol and Zentralhalle the population of Zeitz could see the latest movies. The central hall existed until 1990 , the Capitol until 1996. In the period from 1954 to 1990 the central hall was called the “Theater of Friendship” after renovation, probably due to the fact that this cinema was the officer's and culture club from 1945 to 1947 Soviet occupation army and was then returned to the city of Zeitz in a ruined state.
The First World War marked a major turning point in the everyday life of the population , when military hospitals were set up in numerous entertainment establishments such as Wilhelmshöhe .
1933-1945
At the beginning of the Nazi era , political opponents from the workers' organizations as well as unwelcome critics of the regime were interned and mistreated in the Gewandhaus , where the Gestapo was located , in 1934/1935 .
In 1937/1938, the BRABAG group built a hydrogenation plant in northeast Zeitz for the production of lignite-based fuels in preparation for the war planned by the Nazi government.
From the summer of 1939, air raid preparations in the city were intensified. From 1940 Zeitz became a hospital town, in 1942 450 wounded were being treated. The city had to take in many "bombed out" families from West Germany, Hamburg and Berlin. On the other hand, children from Zeitz were evacuated to rural regions as part of the “Extended Kinderlandverschickung ” program. On November 30, 1944, an American bomb attack took place on the city of Zeitz itself.
During the Nazi dictatorship was in Rehmsdorf and Gleina (both at Zeitz) the external storage will set up the the Buchenwald concentration camp was subordinated. From there, in the four Brabag hydrogenation plants alone, almost 10,000 concentration camp prisoners were deployed between the end of May and October 1944 to clear the destruction caused by the Allied bombing and thus to restart production. Most of them were Hungarian Jews , including Imre Kertész , who had to work at the Brabag factory in Tröglitz. Civil engineers of the companies, the so-called "works representatives", coordinated the work of the prisoners on site. Production could hardly be carried out, however, since this production, which was important for the war effort, was stopped by repeated bombing attacks by the allied bomber units. The Nobel Prize winner for literature Imre Kertész himself describes his experiences at the time in his autobiographical work The Novel of a Fateless One .
During the bombing raids on the hydrogenation plant, the prisoners employed in the concentration camp were not allowed to enter the protective facilities ( bunkers ) (the protective facilities were reserved only for civilian workers and the guards), which repeatedly claimed countless victims among the prisoners. The attacks by the bomber associations hit many houses in the city of Zeitz by failing to drop bombs, when the fog from the fog batteries to camouflage the hydrogenation plant covered the city of Zeitz due to the lack of wind and thus also made it the target of the bombs. In the town of Zeitz, in the towns of Alt- Tröglitz , Rehmsdorf, Torna , Göbitz and Könderitz, there was high property damage and many fatalities. The courageous act of six soldiers, including the communists Heinz Gröning and Gerhard Engler, who destroyed the communication lines to the flak battery, prevented a frontal tank attack by the American units on the city.
On April 10, 1945 there was a serious attack by US fighter bombers on trains in the freight yard, during which chlorine gas was released from tank wagons that had been hit. On April 12, US ground forces reached the Zeitz area. The batteries of the "Flak Belt Zeitz" tried in vain to stop them in the heavy fighting. All bridges over the White Elster were blown up. The city was captured after artillery fire on April 13th and 14th. The Zeitz barracks were stubbornly defended until April 15th.
1945–1990
With the liberation of the city from National Socialism by the US Army in April 1945, the incumbent Lord Mayor Hugo Ludwig Rath was replaced by the occupying power by the publisher Arthur Jubelt as acting Lord Mayor. In July 1945, after the city was handed over to the Red Army, he was relieved of his position and at the end of 1945 he was brought to the Buchenwald special camp through a malicious denunciation , where he died of illness and lack of medical help.
Zeitz had to take in a large number of refugees and displaced persons from the eastern regions. The housing shortage was also exacerbated by the confiscation of numerous houses by the Red Army.
In 1950 the city of Zeitz, which had been independent since 1901, was incorporated into the Zeitz district, which from 1952 belonged to the newly created Halle district . Until 1989/90 the city was an industrial center. From the mid-1950s onwards, numerous new development areas emerged in the city, such as the Völkerfreundschaft district . In 1965, the development of the Zeitz-Ost residential area began , the first district with district heating from a central heating plant.
At the same time as the building policy imposed by the government of the GDR, the old town of Zeitz was increasingly falling into disrepair to a degree that was no longer acceptable in terms of monument conservation. A process that reached its climax with demolition from the early 1970s until 1990. Medieval streets such as Brühl, Rothe- and Scharrenstraße, the "Wochenbett" between Brühl and Steinstraße, Domherrenstraße and Besenstraße were almost completely stripped of their historical building fabric and are now only preserved as a fragment and represent a massive urban development deficiency.
On August 18, 1976, the Protestant pastor Oskar Brüsewitz burned himself in public in front of the Michaeliskirche in protest against the political system of the GDR and the politics of the Evangelical Church in the GDR for governance. His suicide led to a rethinking of the church leadership, after which new critical positions of the Protestant church against the GDR government were read out in all parishes in a pastoral letter. In memory of Oskar Brüsewitz there has been a memorial column in front of Michaeliskirche since 1990.
Time since 1990
The deindustrialization survived after the reunification of the companies mentioned here only the Zeitz sugar factory , of Südzucker was taken, and the chocolate factory Zeitz Zetti (acquired by Goldeck GmbH Leipzig) and ZEMAG GmbH, which produced until March of 2004. After years of vacancy in the halls, Zeitzer Guss GmbH, a subsidiary of Silbitz Guss GmbH, took over the business premises. As a result of this structural change , there was a massive loss of employment from 1990 onwards. The city lost more than a quarter of its population.
District reform; Redesign of the "cathedral freedom"
In 1994 the Zeitz district became part of the new Burgenland district , as a result of which the local district administration was dissolved. In 1996 , the “Brühl-Center” with a cinema and various commercial spaces was built in the area of the historic Dom Freiheit district , which was marked by the demolition of land between 1972 and 1988. In 2011, the "Brühl-Center" was acquired by WBG Zeitz at a foreclosure auction, which ensured that the four-screen cinema, which had now been closed, reopened from December 13, 2012.
"Zeitz Pact for Work" and "Zeitzer Michael"
The regional employment initiative Pact for Labor Zeitz was founded on December 10, 1996 to counter the negative image of high unemployment . This alliance of local politics, trade unions and employers succeeded in 1997 in getting into a support program of the European Union . The related financial support, spread over several years, was ECU 200,000 . On the initiative of the long-time Lord Mayor of Zeitz, Dieter Kmietczyk , the annual regional start-up competition Zeitzer Michael , which has existed until now (2017) , arose from this pact and in cooperation with the later district administrator of the Burgenland district , Harri Reiche . For several years, the patronage of the competition was the Prime Minister Wolfgang Böhmer and Reiner Haseloff .
State Garden Show 2004
In 2004 the city of Zeitz hosted the 1st State Horticultural Show in Saxony-Anhalt. Therefore, the entire complex and the park around the Moritzburg was redesigned and the former ducal orangery on Schlossstrasse was renovated and reconstructed. Industrial ruins such as the former Oettler brewery and the former Zeitz part of the VEB Laundry Union Mittweida (formerly Scheube & Brehme), as well as residential buildings within the state horticultural show area, were demolished. Today the area is used as Moritzburg Castle Park for events and concerts. Other Zeitz sights that were renovated in the run-up to the State Garden Show are the Albrechtsche Palais from 1782/83, the bathhouse , the oil mill and the baroque tanner's house at Nikolaistraße 6, which is also the last structural witness of the former old town district of Little Venice on the Mühlgraben.
Population decline and the consequences
Due to the continuing decline in the number of residents, apartment blocks that were erected using prefabricated panels in the Zeitz-Ost district , but also buildings from Wilhelminian-style districts, are increasingly being demolished in order to support the rent level in urban redevelopment . The 12th POS , just 40 years old and named after "Aviator Cosmonaut Sigmund Jähn " (in absence April 14, 1980), was almost completely demolished as part of an "energetic renovation". On the other hand, there is an influx of new residents and new uses by businesses.
Despite numerous renovation and reconstruction measures in the old town area after 1990, the overall picture of Zeitz's old town is still characterized by demolition areas and ruins that characterize the townscape, which are mainly located in the transition between the lower and upper town. Old town quarters that are severely impaired or endangered in terms of their structural fabric are Brühl, Rothe and Scharrenstrasse, Rahnestrasse with their houses from several centuries, but also Kalkstrasse and Nikolaiplatz. Wilhelminian style street districts such as Freiligrathstrasse and Schützenstrasse are also characterized by vacancy and decay. The baroque building Nikolaiplatz 9, which has been endangered for years by decay and improper interventions in the monument substance, a building of medieval origin with groin vaults , which received its present appearance in the time of the Zeitz Duchy around 1680, housed the Zeitz Inquisitoriat in the 19th century. Century the Café Weitze or HOG Café Brühl and at the same time represents the urban entrance situation for the driveway to Zeitzer Oberstadt.
A historic building in the old town of Zeitz, which is under preservation order, but has not yet been completed in its extensive renovation and reconstruction, is the elaborate renaissance building Rahnestraße 16 (popularly "Baenschhaus"), which according to a dendrochronological study was built around 1565 and is currently is only considered to be insured against further expiry.
In recent years, numerous demolition measures and renovations have been carried out, especially in the city center, in Brühl but also in Schützenstrasse. After the demolitions, some new buildings were built.
Luther descendants
Because a particularly large number of Martin Luther's descendants lived and still live in this region , Zeitz has been the headquarters of the Lutherid Association since 2001 , which is why the place calls itself the city of Luther's descendants .
Incorporations
On July 1, 1950, the previously independent communities of Aue, Aylsdorf and Rasberg were incorporated.
On July 1, 2009, the formerly independent communities of Döbris (Neu-Pirkau), Geußnitz , Kayna , Nonnewitz and Würchwitz were incorporated. Theißen and Luckenau followed on January 1, 2010 .
Population development
Development of the population (from 1960 December 31st) . The sudden population increases in 1950 and 2011 are due to the above-mentioned incorporations.
1831 to 1939
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1946 to 2000 |
2001 to 2018
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politics
City council
The city council of Zeitz was last elected on May 26, 2019 . The choice led to the following result:
| Party / group of voters | Votes (absolute) |
Votes (share) |
Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) | 5616 | 16.5% | 6th | |
| Alternative for Germany (AfD) | 5810 | 17.1% | 6th | |
| The left | 3916 | 11.5% | 4th | |
| Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) | 2458 | 7.2% | 2 | |
| Alliance 90 / The Greens (GREENS) | 1291 | 3.8% | 1 | |
| Free Democratic Party (FDP) | 668 | 2.0% | 1 | |
| National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD) | 587 | 1.7% | 1 | |
| Free voters Zeitz / Voluntary Fire Brigade / Citizens' Initiative Theißen | 4516 | 13.3% | 5 | |
| Alternative Liberal List | 3221 | 9.5% | 3 | |
| Zeitzer for Zeitz | 716 | 2.1% | 1 | |
| WE for our city | 607 | 1.8% | 1 | |
| WG Free Voter Association | 698 | 2.1% | 1 | |
| Zeitz21 | 3855 | 11.4% | 4th | |
| Turnout: 48.8% | ||||
The following fractions were formed:
- CDU parliamentary group - 6 members - parliamentary group chairman: Margarete Späte
- DIE LINKE / ZfZ parliamentary group - 5 members - Chairman of the parliamentary group: Horst Heller
- Group ALL / FDP / FWT - 5 members - Group chairman: Jörn Röhler
- FREE VOTERS Group - 5 members - Group chairman: Andreas Exler
- Zeitz 21 parliamentary group - 4 members - group chairman: Martin Exler
- AfD parliamentary group - 4 members - parliamentary group chairman: Peter Kurth
- Group SPD / Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen - 3 members - Group chairman: Axel Thamm
- Individual councilor NPD: Steffen Thiel
- City Councilor WE: Siegfried Kutschick
Lord Mayor
- 1888–1918: Theodor Arnold
- 1919–1931: Bruno Löffler
- 1931–1939: Alfred Nerger
- 1939–1945: Hugo Ludwig Rath
- 1945: Arthur cheers
- 1990–2008: Dieter Kmietczyk ( non-party during his tenure)
- 2008: Ulf Altmann (CDU)
- 2009–2016: Volkmar Kunze (FDP)
- 2016– : Christian Thieme (CDU)
badges and flags
Blazon : “In blue the Archangel Michael in silver armor standing on the dragon; with his right hand he swings the sword, with his left hand he holds a silver shield with a red cross inside, a shield hovers to his right, with a sword that is pointed downwards and a silver key with the beard turned downwards . "
The city of Zeitz uses the colors green (RAL 6024), silver (white) (RAL 9016) and red (RAL 3020) as the flag.
Town twinning
- Detmold ( North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany )
- Tosu鳥 栖 ( Saga-ken , Japan )
- Darchan ( Mongolia )
- Kaliningrad ( Russia )
- Prescott ( USA )
Culture and sights
The German Pram Museum is located in the city. The old town is subject to catacombs of beer storage that are accessible today.
theatre
Zeitz had its own city theater, which was demolished in 2006. The Capitol on Judenstrasse was a big cinema for decades. There were also two more cinemas, the Metropol and the Centralhalle , which served the Soviet Zeitz garrison from 1947 to 1955 as an officers' club and then, after renovation, was used again as a cinema as the Theater of Friendship . Now there is a theater operated by the city in the Capitol. Theater performances, live concerts, readings or cabaret evenings take place here. Furthermore, various cultural events, including theater performances, take place in the Kulturvilla Kolorit .
In 2004 the Kürbiskern Theater was founded in the Franciscan monastery. It shows plays in small cast for adults and children.
Today, a large number of associations are committed to culture in Zeitz and the surrounding area, such as B. Culture, art and theater association of the city of Zeitz eV , Theater-Pedagogical Center - Zeitz Triton eV or AMuThea eV
Museums
The Moritzburg Castle Museum is located in the former residential palace of the Dukes of Saxony-Zeitz . The core of the permanent exhibition on the history of the city includes the areas of furniture from the Renaissance to the Biedermeier and Zeitz in the time of the bishops. The German Pram Museum is also housed in Moritzburg Castle and has what is probably the largest pram exhibition in Europe. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the construction of prams in Zeitz, the museum opened a newly designed permanent exhibition in 1996 with 380 prams, pushchairs and dolls' prams.
In the art and museum education center "Johannes Lebek" there are exhibitions as well as a printing workshop with the demonstration of historical printing techniques. There is also the possibility of acquiring the basics of some printing techniques in one of the courses.
Buildings
Moritzburg Castle is the early Baroque residence of the Dukes of Saxony-Zeitz . The fortifications of the previous building, a medieval bishop's castle, have largely been preserved. The palace and palace park are part of the Garden Dreams Saxony-Anhalt project
In Zeitz Cathedral rests Georgius Agricola , the father of mineralogy and known scientist whose major work is concerned with the physical metallurgy. The building itself is of early Romanesque origin (11th century). The pillars of the crypt and other remains in the cloister area have been preserved from the previous Ottonian building.
In the upper town there is the late Gothic old town hall from 1509 with an extension and tower from 1909. There is also the Romanesque-Gothic Michaeliskirche from the time between the 12th and 15th centuries, which is probably the village church of the present-day no longer existing settlement Bosenrode was.
In the underground of the old town, at a depth of six to twelve meters, there is an extensive medieval corridor system, largely accessible to tourists, similar to the Gera caves , which was created by the association “Unterirdisches Zeitz e. V. "is researched, secured, renovated and looked after. Originally used as a beer cellar , it was considerably expanded for air raid protection during World War II . Attractions here are, in addition to various exhibits, corridors that sometimes run above and below one another, underground wells, water-bearing tunnels that used to be used for gondolas and an event bucket. The Zeitz corridor system is far from being fully explored.
Located on the southern edge of the old town is the former Franciscan monastery, built around the middle of the 13th century, with a largely medieval building stock. The buildings have been restored and repaired for several years. The repair work will be supervised by the building historians Yngve Jan Holland and Andreas Potthoff.
The Auebrücke was built in 1887 and renovated and widened in 2003, keeping to the historical template.
Library
- The " Ernst Ortlepp " museum library comprises around 30,000 volumes from six centuries. One of the most important works is the Meißnian land and mountain chronicle of Petrus Albinus , correctly Peter Weiß, which was printed in Dresden in 1589. This chronicle is an important source of the life of Georgius Agricola . Furthermore, there are rare prints and important manuscripts by the poet Ernst Ortlepp in the inventory.
- The Lutheriden library is a collection of about 300 works that the City Library " Martin Luther " by Luther offspring was passed. The collection, which has been kept in Zeitz since 1998, contains, among other things, valuable documents, coins, graphics, photos, documents, periodicals and archive material, including some unique books.
- In Zeitz there are the Geschwister-Scholl-Gymnasium , two secondary schools, a vocational school, two special schools, eight elementary schools, one of which is sponsored by the Protestant church, and the seat of the adult education center of the Burgenland district, which is named Dr. Wilhelm Harnisch wears.
Memorials
- Memorial from 1950 on the Altmarkt (Friedensplatz during the GDR era) for the victims of fascism , designed by the sculptor Robert Propf
- Memorial plaque on the Gewandhaus on the Altmarkt in memory of the 250 Nazi opponents who were mistreated in the Gestapo headquarters
- Commemorative plaque on his house on Leipziger Strasse (Dr.-Flörsheim-Strasse during the GDR era) in memory of the social democratic doctor and resistance fighter Gustav Flörsheim, who was murdered by the Nazis. A commemorative plaque was also put up in 1975 at the school on Hauptstrasse, which bore his name during the GDR era
- Memorial stone at the former Paul-Wegmann-Schule am Steinsgraben in memory of the employee of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg , the editor and youth worker Paul Wegmann , who died in 1945 in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp . A plaque also commemorates him on the former building of the district council on Unity Square
- Memorial plaque in front of the Kindergarten of the Zeitz pram factory in Geschwister-Scholl-Strasse in memory of the Berlin communist Willi Graumüller , who was murdered in 1945 in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp
- Soviet cemetery of honor on Gleinaer Strasse for 38 Red Army soldiers and 85 prisoners of war as well as women and men who were abducted to Germany during the Second World War and were victims of forced labor
- Grove of honor at the school in Altenburger Strasse (Hans Beimler School during the GDR era) in memory of the communist Spain fighter Hans Beimler .
- Memorial column in front of Michaeliskirche , dedicated to pastor Oskar Brüsewitz , who committed suicide by immolating himself on August 18, 1976 in protest against the SED state and the church's attitude towards politics in the GDR.
Sports
The soccer club 1. FC Zeitz was in the GDR in 1963 under the name BSG Chemie Zeitz in the final of the FDGB Cup . Today the club plays in the national class .
Well-known Zeitz football players who played in the GDR national team were Manfred Kaiser (in the 1950s) and Bernd Bauchspieß (in the 1960s). The city's best-known footballer is Jörg Böhme , who became a national player at FC Schalke 04 and became vice world champion with the German national football team in 2002.
Zeitz is also home to many clubs and offers a wide range of popular sports. In addition to tennis facilities, various sports stadiums and swimming opportunities, there are gymnastics and fitness facilities as well as riding and shooting ranges
Carillon
Since 1995 Zeitz has had a carillon again , which is housed with its 22 bells in the lantern of the Gewandhaus. The previous carillon with 28 bells could be heard from there since 1934 - it rang until 1942, when 20 bells had to be handed in for war purposes . The carillon sounds four times a day with a different quote from the song; The melodies are changed three times a year.
Rossmarkt
The Zeitz city center has three spacious squares, the Neumarkt, the Altmarkt and the Roßmarkt. The weekly market takes place every Wednesday and Thursday on the Roßmarkt, which is part of the inner city pedestrian zone. This market square is surrounded by old and valuable buildings. There are also some myths surrounding the place.
Economy and Infrastructure
Established businesses
The city is known for the Zetti chocolate factory (including “Knusperflocken” and “Bambina”) and the Zekiwa prams , which are no longer produced in Zeitz.
Sugar processing at Südzucker AG , which was rebuilt in 1993 to replace the Zeitz sugar factory that had existed since 1858, is one of the most modern sugar processing plants in Europe. The power and heat generation in this company takes place on the basis of raw lignite firing in a modern fluidized bed steam generator. The raw lignite is delivered from the nearby MIBRAG opencast mines .
The Südzucker Bioethanol GmbH in April 2005 in Zeitz's largest bioethanol plant taken into operation in Europe. Every year, 260,000 cubic meters of bioethanol are produced there from 700,000 tons of wheat . In addition, around 260,000 tons of the protein feed DDGS are produced, which is mainly sold to the compound feed industry. In addition, around 30,000 megawatt hours of electricity are fed into the public grid every year.
The Zeitz Chemical and Industrial Park is located five kilometers away , although it is located in the Elsteraue community .
traffic
Road traffic
Zeitz is located at the intersection of the federal highway B 2 ( Leipzig - Gera ) with the federal highways B 91 (Zeitz− Weißenfels ) and B 180 ( Naumburg - Altenburg ). Other roads connect Zeitz with Droyßig , Crossen , Breitenbach , Tröglitz and Könderitz . Via the B 2 there is a connection to the A 4 near Gera and via the federal highways 91 and 180 to the A 9 near Weißenfels and Naumburg. A bypass was built between 2006 and 2009 .
Rail transport
The station Zeitz is located near railroad tracks Leipzig-Gera-Saalfeld , Weissenfels-Zeitz , Zeitz-Altenburg (never passenger train service) and Zeitz-Camburg (decommissioned). The Erfurter Bahn runs every hour to Leipzig and Saalfeld, the route to Weißenfels is served every hour by the Burgenlandbahn on weekdays except Saturdays, and every two hours on weekends and public holidays.
Local transport
Zeitz is located in the catchment area of the PVG Burgenlandkreis mbH and thus the Central German Transport Association . Zeitz also has a city bus system that secures the city's bus traffic on three lines. Central stops are the bus station and the inner-city Schützenplatz.
Several state lines run to and from Zeitz in the state network of Saxony-Anhalt . The Burgenlandkreis passenger transport company operates local bus transport as well as city transport .
media
- BLK Regional TV - regional television in southern Saxony-Anhalt ; local television program of the Burgenland district
- It appears from Monday to Saturday, the Zeitz newspaper that a local edition of the Mitteldeutsche Zeitung is
education
The Geschwister-Scholl-Gymnasium exists in Zeitz. There are also eight primary schools, six of which are in the city center. There are also two secondary schools, secondary school III and the secondary school "Am Schwanenteich". The offer is completed with the two special schools, the Pestalozzi School and the Johann-Traugott-Weise School, in the city area.
Zeitz is also the seat of the Burgenland District Adult Education Center, which is named Dr. Wilhelm Harnisch wears.
Healthcare
With the Georgius-Agricola Clinic, Zeitz is a hospital with a focus on care. It belongs to the SRH Holding (as SRH Klinikum Zeitz), which also operates the Saale-Unstrut Klinikum Naumburg. The old building of the hospital in the old town was converted into a medical center. The new building is located on the outskirts near the B 180 towards Altenburg. In the garden of the clinic there is a vineyard and a bee training garden with several ponds and a herb garden.
tourism
The city is located on the Elster Cycle Route and the Mitteldeutsche Strasse der Braunohle , it is the northern end of the White Elster Wine Route
Former garrison
In the 18th century, troops of the Electoral Saxon army were housed in Zeitz . The Prussian army had a garrison in Zeitz between 1860 and 1870. During the armament of the Wehrmacht , two large new barracks were built on Wiener Strasse (later Geraer Strasse ) for the army in 1936/1937 . a. from the 84th Artillery Regiment (right side in the direction of Gera). After 1945 Zeitz was a garrison of the Soviet troops ( 8th Guard Army ). They left in 1992.
Personalities
Others
The cheese lover was a fabulous Zeitzer carter. As atonement for his daughter, who persists in the pagan faith, he is said to have transported the stones for the construction of the cathedral free of charge. He is represented by a sandstone figure barely 30 cm high at Zeitz Cathedral.
literature
- Guide through Zeitz and the surrounding area. Reprint, Dingsda-Verlag, Querfurt 1992, ISBN 3-928498-09-6 .
- Otto Pappe: 1000 years of the city and the Zeitz church. Evangelical Publishing House, Berlin 1967.
- Louis Rothe: Historical news from the history of the city of Zeitz. Cultural-historical sketches based on documented sources. Zeitz 1876 ( digitized version )
- Louis Rothe: Historical news of the city of Zeitz . multi-volume work, Ronneburger, Zeitz 1882ff. ( Digitized version )
- Louis Rothe: Historical news from the history of the city of Zeitz. Chronicle of Zeitz and the Zeitz villages, Volume 3, Zeitz 1892 ( digitized version )
- Rolf Zabel: The war years 1939 to 1945 in Zeitz and the surrounding area . Chronology. Special issue 16 of "Zeitzer Heimat". On behalf of the History and Antiquity Association for Zeitz and the surrounding area. Zeitz 2005
- Ernst Zergiebel (ed.): Historical reports on the city of Zeitz and the villages of the Zeitz district based on documents and files from the years 968 to 1895 . Zeitz 1896 ( digitized version )
Web links
- Official website of the city
- Link catalog on Zeitz at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
- Official website of the regional employment initiative Pact for Work with its start-up award Zeitzer Michael
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, population of the municipalities - as of December 31, 2019 (PDF) (update) ( help ).
- ^ Regesta Imperii : The Regesta of the Empire under Otto II. 955 (973) –983 , revised by Hanns Leo Mikoletzky after Johann Friedrich Böhmer . Vienna 1950, pp. 329-330.
- ↑ The "Herrmannschacht" briquette factory. Association "Central German Environment and Technology Park" e. V., accessed on September 10, 2012 .
- ^ Zeitz cable car - the first German funicular railway
- ↑ Stefan Wolter: Pastor children in the world war. A hospital and field diary by Tutti and Martin Greich 1914–1918. (= Denk-MAL- Prora series of publications , volume 6.) Halle 2014, ISBN 978-3-95486-455-3 .
- ↑ Ursula Höntsch: Last news from "Snow White". In: Zero hour. Berlin 1966, p. 61.
- ↑ Danger of collapse in Zeitz: ruins at Brühl 5 are being torn down . Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, January 23, 2018, accessed on February 6, 2018.
- ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung , Zeitz edition of December 13, 2012.
- ↑ Zeitzer Michael
- ↑ Zeitzer Michael, Prize Winner 1998-2009 ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ 12. Zeitzer Michael (2010)
- ↑ On a good course. 7 years "Pact for Labor Zeitz" , documentation with special 5 years "Zeitzer Michael" (editor: Holger Zürch). Zeitz 2003
- ↑ also STA Halle, 905 AR 280/20
- ^ Hendrik Lasch: Pop-up dinner in the provinces. Lots of brownfield sites, lots of space and a penchant for modern art: the small town of Zeitz is a perfect refuge for displaced city dwellers - for example from Leipzig. In: Neues Deutschland, 5./6. January 2019, pp. 12-13.
- ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 2nd to December 31st, 2009
- ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 01 to December 31, 2010
- ↑ census database
- ^ Official Journal of the City of Zeitz, Volume 10 | 06/2019 | June 15, 2019 | Official Notices , accessed November 26, 2019
- ^ Ratsinfo Stadt Zeitz - parliamentary groups
- ^ Rolf Jehke: Stadtkreis Zeitz. In: Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874–1945. October 5, 2006, accessed May 10, 2019 .
- ↑ Lord Mayor gives up after four months / dispute over secondary employment as a dentist. In: dental! Fe. November 1, 2008, accessed May 10, 2019 .
- ↑ a b main statute of the city of Zeitz
- ^ Culture and sights in Zeitz, theater. Retrieved December 6, 2019 .
- ^ Culture and sights in Zeitz, theater. Retrieved December 6, 2019 .
- ^ Culture and sights in Zeitz, theater. Retrieved December 6, 2019 .
- ↑ zeitz.de
- ↑ History. Underground Zeitz e. V., accessed on September 10, 2012 .
- ↑ Achim Todenhöfer: Churches of the mendicant orders. The architecture of the Dominicans and Franciscans in Saxony-Anhalt . Berlin 2010, p. 170-183 .
- ↑ a b Inauguration of the Zeitz Glockenspiel 80 years ago - in memory of the founder Max Emmerling ( Memento from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The melodies can be heard at 9 a.m., 12 p.m., 3 p.m. and 6 p.m. It sounds from January to March. Thoughts are free , joy of beautiful sparks from the gods , Ännchen von Tharau and Ade now to good night ; From April to November up, on to the happy hunting , At the well in front of the gate , a boy saw a rose and No beautiful country in this time as well as from December to January 6th daughter of Zion, rejoice , O Christmas tree , ringing bells and sweets the bells never ring .
- ↑ New building bypass Zeitz. (No longer available online.) In: Construction site documentation. Archived from the original on March 16, 2015 ; Retrieved September 10, 2012 .
- ↑ museum-digital.de
- ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, March 8, 2007 (accessed September 29, 2017)
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