1st Guard Division (German Empire)
1st Guard Division |
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active | September 5, 1818 to April 30, 1919 |
Country | Kingdom of Prussia |
Armed forces | Prussian Army |
Type | Infantry division |
structure | See: Outline |
Commanders | |
Please refer: | List of commanders |
The 1st Guard Division , also known as the 1st Guard Infantry Division for the duration of the mobile relationship , was a large unit of the Prussian Army .
history
The division emerged from the Reserve Brigade of the II Army Corps formed during the Wars of Liberation on June 19, 1813. The actual founding date is September 5, 1818. The command was in Berlin until 1837 , then in Potsdam until 1864 and then back in Berlin until it was dissolved in 1919. She was part of the Guard Corps .
structure
Peace structure 1914
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1st Guard Infantry Brigade in Potsdam
- 1st Guard Regiment on foot in Potsdam
- 3rd Guards Regiment on foot in Potsdam
- Guard hunter battalion in Potsdam
- Training infantry battalion in Potsdam
- 1st Guard Landwehr Regiment in Königsberg (1st battalion ) and Graudenz (II.)
- 3rd Guard Landwehr Regiment in Hanover (I.) and Schleswig (II.)
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2nd Guard Infantry Brigade in Potsdam
- 2nd Guards Regiment on foot in Berlin
- Guard Fusilier Regiment in Berlin
- 4th Guards Regiment on foot in Berlin
- 2nd Guard Landwehr Regiment in Berlin (I.) and Stettin (II.)
- 4th Guard Landwehr Regiment in Magdeburg (I.) and Cottbus (II.)
- Guard Landwehr Fusilier Regiment in Frankfurt am Main (I.) and Wiesbaden (II.)
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1st Guard Field Artillery Brigade in Potsdam
- 1st Guard Field Artillery Regiment in Berlin
- 3rd Guards Field Artillery Regiment in Berlin and Beeskow
Organization of war during mobilization in 1914
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1st Guard Infantry Brigade
- 1st Guards Regiment on foot
- 3rd Guards Regiment on foot
- Guard Hunter Battalion
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2nd Guard Infantry Brigade
- 2nd Guards Regiment on foot
- 4th Guards Regiment on foot
- Life Guard Hussar Regiment
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1st Guard Field Artillery Brigade
- 1st Guard Field Artillery Regiment
- 3rd Guards Field Artillery Regiment
- 1st Company / Guard Engineer Battalion
Division of War of May 3, 1918
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1st Guard Infantry Brigade
- 1st Guards Regiment on foot
- 2nd Guards Regiment on foot
- 4th Guards Regiment on foot
- Machine gun sniper division No. 8
- 3rd squadron / bodyguard hussar regiment
- Guard Artillery Commander No. 1
- 1st Guard Field Artillery Regiment
- 1st Battalion / Guards Foot Artillery Regiment
- Guard Engineer Battalion
- Guard Division News Commander No. 1
Battle calendar
1914
- August 19 - Battle at Héron
- 23rd to 24th August - Battle of Namur / Charleroi
- August 26th - Battle at Fourmies
- August 29-30 - Battle of St. Quentin
- September 5 - Battle at Vert-la-Gravelle
- Petit-Morin September 6-9 - Battle of the
- September 12th to October 1st - fighting near Reims
- September 17th - capture of La Ville-aux-Bois
- September 30th - fighting near Reims
- Arras October 1st to 13th - Battle of
- October 13th to December 13th - Trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- October 30th to November 24th - Battle of Ypres
- from December 5th - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
1915
- until February 20th - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- February 21 to March 20 - Winter battle in Champagne
- March 21-28 - Trench warfare in Champagne
- March 31 to April 20 - OHL reserve near Colmar and Schlettstadt
- April 20th to 25th - transport to the Eastern Front
- Battle of Gorlice-Tarnow May 1st to 3rd -
- May 4th to 23rd - Pursuit battles after the Battle of Gorlice-Tarnow
- May 15 to June 13 - Fights for Przemyśl
- June 12-15 - breakthrough battle of Lubaczow
- June 17th to 22nd - Battle of Lviv
- June 22nd to July 17th - Persecution battles on the Galician-Polish border
- July 16-18 - breakthrough battle of Krasnostav
- July 19-28 - fighting following the breakthrough battle of Krasnostav
- July 29-30 - Breakthrough Battle of Biskupice
- July 31 to August 19 - chase battles from Wieprz to Bug
- August 19 to September 20 - Chase battles between Bug and Jasiolda
- September 20th to 25th - evacuation to the western front
- September 25th to October 13th - autumn battle at La Bassée and Arras
- October 14-18 - trench warfare in Flanders and Artois
- from October 17th - Trench warfare at Roye - Noyon
1916
- until July 24th - trench warfare at Roye-Noyon
- January 21st to February 17th - Fights of Frize
- July 24th to September 7th - Battle of the Somme
- September 11th to November 1st - Trench warfare at Roye-Noyon
- Somme November 5th to 26th - Battle of the
- from November 27th - trench warfare on the Somme
1917
- until February 11th - trench warfare on the Somme
- April 16 to May 18 - double battle on the Aisne and in Champagne
- May 19 to June 27 - Trench warfare in the Argonne
- May 28th to June 25th - Trench warfare near Reims
- June 27 to July 5 - OHL reserves and transport to the Eastern Front
- trench warfare east of Zloczow July 7th to 18th -
- July 19-28 - breakthrough battle in eastern Galicia
- July 29th to August 14th - Trench warfare on the Sereth
- August 14th to September 1st - Reserve of the OHL and the 8th Army
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Battle of Riga
- September 2nd - Fights on the Kleiner Jägel
- September 2nd - Crossing over the Kleiner Jägel at Draggun
- September 3rd - Fights at the Großer Jägel
- September 4 - Pursuit skirmishes in the direction of the Riga- Wenden road
September 1-5 - - Daugava September 6th to October 9th - trench warfare north of the
- October 9th to 11th - evacuated to the western front
- from October 17th - trench warfare near Reims
1918
- until January 25th - trench warfare near Reims
- January 26th to March 14th - OHL reserves in the area of the 1st Army
- March 14-20 - resting time behind the 18th Army
- March 21 to April 6 - Great battle in France
- March 21-22 - Breakthrough Battle of St. Quentin
- March 23 to 24 - Fighting in the crossing of the Somme and Crozat Canal between St. Christ and Tergnier
- March 25th to 31st - chase battles to Montdidier -Noyon
- April 7th to May 1st - fighting on the Avre, Montdidier and Noyon
- trench warfare north of the Ailette May 1st to 26th -
- May 27th to June 13th - Battle of Soissons and Reims
- May 27th - Storming the heights of the Chemin des Dames
- May 28th to June 1st - chase battles between Oise and Aisne and over the Vesle to the Marne
- May 30th to June 13th - Assault fighting west and southwest of Soissons
- June 14th to July 4th - trench warfare between Oise, Aisne and Marne
- July 5th to 14th - Trench warfare between Aisne and Marne
- July 15-17 - Assault battle on the Marne and Champagne
- July 18-25 - Defensive battle between Soissons and Reims
- July 26th to August 3rd - Mobile defensive battle between Marne and Vesle
- August 17th to September 4th - Defensive battle between Oise and Aisne
- Siegfriedstellung September 5th to 8th - fighting before the
- September 16-25 - Trench warfare in the Argonne
- September 26th to November 11th - defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
- October 10-12 - Fighting on the Hunding and Brunhild fronts
- October 13-17 - Fights on the Aisne and Aire
- October 18-23 - Battle of Vouziers
- October 24th to 31st - Fights on the Aisne and Aire
- November 1st to 4th - Fights between Aisne and Meuse
- November 5th to 11th - fighting in retreat in front of the Antwerp-Maas position
- November 11th - Armistice on the Western Front
- from November 12th - start of evacuation of the occupied territory and march back home
Commanders
Rank | Surname | date |
---|---|---|
Colonel | Ernst Ludwig von Tippelskirch | June 19 to August 8, 1813 |
Vacant | August 9, 1813 to September 4, 1816 | |
Major general | Johann Friedrich Karl II of Alvensleben | September 5, 1816 to April 30, 1820 |
Major General / Lieutenant General | Wilhelm of Prussia | May 1, 1820 to March 29, 1838 |
Major General / Lieutenant General | Eugen Maximilian von Roeder | March 30, 1838 to February 28, 1843 |
Major General / Lieutenant General | Karl von Prittwitz | March 1, 1843 to December 3, 1849 |
Lieutenant General | Johann Carl von Möllendorff | December 4, 1849 to February 18, 1857 |
Lieutenant General | Friedrich Karl Nikolaus of Prussia | February 19 to September 18, 1857 |
Major General / Lieutenant General | Adolf von Bonin | September 19, 1857 to June 13, 1859 |
Lieutenant General | Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia | June 14, 1859 to December 18, 1863 |
Major general | Julius von Loewenfeld | December 19, 1863 to May 17, 1864 (substitute) |
Lieutenant General | Otto von der Mülbe | May 18, 1864 to October 10, 1865 |
Lieutenant General | Wilhelm Hiller von Gärtringen | January 4 to July 3, 1866 |
Major General / Lieutenant General | Constantin von Alvensleben | July 3, 1866 to July 17, 1870 |
Lieutenant General | Alexander von Pape | July 18, 1870 to February 7, 1880 |
Lieutenant General | Ewald von Kleist | February 8, 1880 to May 31, 1885 |
Lieutenant General | Sigismund von Schlichting | June 1, 1885 to August 9, 1888 |
Lieutenant General | Ludwig von Sobbe | August 10, 1888 to November 3, 1890 |
Lieutenant General | Albert von Holleben | November 4, 1890 to April 17, 1893 |
Lieutenant General | Hermann Blecken from Schmeling | April 18, 1893 to August 17, 1894 |
Lieutenant General | Richard Karl von Klitzing | August 18, 1894 to August 31, 1897 |
Lieutenant General | Ernst von Bülow | September 1, 1897 to January 26, 1900 |
Lieutenant General | Gustav von Kessel | January 27, 1900 to January 26, 1902 |
Lieutenant General | Helmuth von Moltke | January 27, 1902 to February 15, 1904 |
Lieutenant General | Alfred von Loewenfeld | February 16, 1904 to February 8, 1908 |
Major general | Fritz von Below | February 9 to 17, 1908 (in charge of the tour) |
Lieutenant General | Fritz von Below | February 18, 1908 to September 30, 1912 |
Lieutenant General | Alfred von Larisch | October 1 to November 18, 1912 |
Lieutenant General | Oskar von Hutier | November 19, 1912 to April 3, 1915 |
Major general | Vain Friedrich of Prussia | April 4, 1915 to October 11, 1918 |
Major general | Eduard of Jena | October 12, 1918 to February 5, 1919 |
Major general | Georg Mühry | February 6 to April 30, 1919 |
literature
- Hall of Fame of our Old Army. Published on the basis of official material from the Reich Archives . Military publishing house, Berlin 1927, pp. 59, 80–81.
- Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army Which Participated in the War (1914-1918). United States War Office as War Department Document No. 905, Office of the Adjutant, 1920, pp. 18-21.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dermot Bradley (ed.), Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Army 1815-1939. Volume 1: The higher command posts 1815–1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, ISBN 3-7648-1780-1 , pp. 176-177.