Defending champion in singles was Rafael Nadal . Im succeeded in defending his title again this year after winning the tournament in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2009. In the final he defeated his compatriot David Ferrer in two sets with 7: 5 and 6: 2. For the Spaniard it was already the second title in the current year and his 38th title overall in his professional career. In doubles, Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić competed as defending champions, but already lost their opening game after receiving a bye in the first round. This year's final contested the brothers Bob and Mike Bryan against their compatriots John Isner and Sam Querrey . The Bryan brothers clearly won the game 6: 2 and 6: 3 and secured their second title at the Rome Masters (after 2008). In the current season it was the fourth double title for the two and their 60th joint title on the ATP Tour.
The field of participants in the single competition consisted of 56 players, that of the doubles competition consisted of 24 pairs. The 8 top seeded players in singles or pairings in doubles each got a bye into the second round. The total prize money was 2,227,500 euros; the total financial liabilities were 2,750,000 euros.
The qualification took place from April 22nd to 23rd, 2010. Seven qualifying places were played, which entitle them to participate in the main draw of the tournament. There was also a lucky loser.
The following prize money and world ranking points were paid out or credited for reaching the respective round. Players who moved into the main draw via qualification received the specified qualification points in addition to those for reaching the respective round. Otherwise the amounts are not cumulative (prize money for the double competition per team).