Schwarzwald-Baar district

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 4 ′  N , 8 ° 28 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Freiburg
Region :	Schwarzwald-Baar-Heuberg
Administrative headquarters :	Villingen-Schwenningen
Area :	1,025.27 km 2
Residents:	212,381 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	207 inhabitants per km 2
License plate :	VS
Circle key :	08 3 26
Circle structure:	20 municipalities
Address of the district administration:	Am Hoptbühl 2 78048 Villingen-Schwenningen
Website :	www.schwarzwald-baar-kreis.de
District Administrator :	Sven Hinterseh ( CDU )
Location of the Schwarzwald-Baar district in Baden-Württemberg

The Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis is a district in Baden-Württemberg . It belongs to the Schwarzwald-Baar-Heuberg region in the Freiburg administrative region and covers the area between the Black Forest and the Swabian Alb. Both the Danube and the Neckar have their source here, which is why it is also known as the source country.

geography

location

The Schwarzwald-Baar district encompasses the southeast of the Middle Black Forest , the northern part of the Randen and the Baar landscape , a region of the Gäu or Alb fore between the Black Forest and the Swabian Alb . The highest elevation of the district with 1,164 m is somewhat hidden within the elongated Farnberg Plateau, which runs in north-south direction, south of the more famous Rohrhardsberg peak near the Griesbacher Eck . The lowest point of the district is on the Gutach between Triberg and Hornberg in the area of ​​the so-called Himmelreichkurve of the federal road 33 at 472 m. The average height of the district is approx. 800 m, none of the independent cities and municipalities is below 600 m (Triberg train station: 616 m).

Danube and Neckar

The Danube and Neckar have their source in the district. Two cities, Donaueschingen and Furtwangen , each claim the source of the Danube . Both cities, as well as the two source rivers Brigach and Breg , belong to the district. The origin of the Neckar is located in the Schwenningen district of the city of Villingen-Schwenningen. The water of both rivers takes different routes; while the Danube flows into the Black Sea, the Neckar flows over the Rhine into the North Sea. The European main watershed thus crosses the entire district area in a large loop around the Danube sources that is open to the east. Individual houses (e.g. the Escheck near Furtwangen, the Kalte Herberge near Vöhrenbach-Urach or the Sommerau near St. Georgen in the Black Forest ) or even entire localities such as the Blumberg districts of Kommingen, Randen and Zollhaus are located on or close to the watershed as well as Bräunlingen-Döggingen and Mönchweiler. Other rivers like the Elz , the Wilde Gutach , the Gutach , the Schiltach and a tributary of the Biber also begin their course in the district, the Wutach touches it. This means that the district drains south to the Upper Rhine / Lake Constance, west and north-west to the Upper Rhine, north-east into the Neckar and east into the Danube. Because of this unique selling point, the district likes to refer to itself as the source district of Schwarzwald-Baar .

places

The list of places in the Schwarzwald-Baar district contains around 846 places ( towns , villages , hamlets , Zinken , farms and residential areas ) in the geographical sense.

Neighboring areas

The county borders in the clockwise direction in the northwest starting from the districts of Ortenaukreis , Rottweil , Tuttlingen and constancy (all in Baden-Wuerttemberg) to which the Switzerland belonging to Canton Schaffhausen and to the counties Waldshut , Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Emmendingen (all turn in Baden- Württemberg).

Nature reserves

→ Main article : List of nature reserves in the Schwarzwald-Baar district

The Schwarzwald-Baar district has the following 26 nature reserves . According to the protected area statistics of the State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg (LUBW), 2,085.39 hectares of the district are under nature protection, that is 2.03 percent.

1. Albtrauf Baar : 365.6 ha (of which 103.3 ha in the Schwarzwald-Baar district); City of Bad Dürrheim
2. Betzenbühl : 2.0 ha; City of Donaueschingen
3. Billibuck : 11.0 hectares; City of Blumberg
4. Birch mean: 170.9 ha; Cities of Bad Dürrheim and Donaueschingen
5. Blindensee : 16.5 ha; Community of Schönwald in the Black Forest
6. Briglirain : 26.0 ha; City of Furtwangen and the community of Schönwald in the Black Forest
7. Deggenreuschen - Rauschachen : 124.9 ha; community Hüfingen
8. Elzhof : 137.3 ha; Community of Schönwald in the Black Forest
9. Gifitzenmoos : 7.2 ha; Community Mönchweiler
10. Grüninger Ried : 10.8 ha; City of Donaueschingen and the municipality of Brigachtal
11. Günterfelsen and the surrounding area : 1.7 ha; City of Furtwangen
12. Hondinger Zisiberg : 1.9 ha; City of Blumberg
13. Laubeck-Rensberg : 232.9 ha; Community of Schonach
14. Mönchsee-Weiherwiesen : 34.7 ha; City of Villingen-Schwenningen and Mönchweiler municipality
15. Mühlhauser Halde : 51.8 ha; City of Villingen-Schwenningen
16. Palm hump : 0.3 ha; Community of Bräunlingen
17. Flat moss : 55.7 ha; City of Villingen-Schwenningen and the municipality of Brigachtal
18. Rohrhardsberg-Obere Elz : 558.1 ha (of which 520.3 ha in the Schwarzwald-Baar district); City of Furtwangen and the communities of Schonach in the Black Forest and Schönwald in the Black Forest
19. Schlossberg-Hauberg : 107.0 ha (of which 89.8 ha in the Schwarzwald-Baar district); City of Triberg in the Black Forest
20. Schwenninger Moos : 97.4 ha; Cities of Bad Dürrheim and Villingen-Schwenningen
21. Tannhörnle : 23.2 ha; City of Villingen-Schwenningen
22. Unterhölzer Wald : 633.9 ha (of which 137.6 ha in the Schwarzwald-Baar district); Cities of Bad Dürrheim and Donaueschingen
23. Weiherbachtal : 39.0 ha; City of Donaueschingen
24. Wutachflüh : 374.2 ha (of which 145.9 ha in the Schwarzwald-Baar district); City of Blumberg
25. Wutach Gorge : 968.8 ha (of which 63.8 ha in the Schwarzwald-Baar district); community Hüfingen
26. Zollhausried : 76.4 ha; City of Blumberg

history

Formation of the counties

The Schwarzwald-Baar district was formed by the district reform on January 1, 1973 by merging the districts of Donaueschingen and Villingen as well as the communities of Deißlingen and Weigheim of the district of Rottweil and the community of Tuningen of the district of Tuttlingen . Deißlingen returned to the Rottweil district on January 1, 1974.

The two old districts of Donaueschingen and Villingen emerged in 1936/1939 from the old administrative districts of the same name, which were established at the beginning of the 19th century after the dissolution of Upper Austria and the transition to the Grand Duchy of Baden . In the course of history these were changed several times (1924 the district office Triberg was abolished). The former Baden city of Villingen and the former Württemberg city of Schwenningen were merged on January 1, 1972 to form the city of Villingen-Schwenningen, which became the district town of the new district after the establishment of the Schwarzwald-Baar district.

After the community reform has been completed, the Schwarzwald-Baar district will comprise 20 communities, including ten towns and of these, two large district towns (Donaueschingen and Villingen-Schwenningen). The largest city is Villingen-Schwenningen, the smallest municipality is Gütenbach.

prehistory

Today's district area has an eventful history of its territorial affiliation. In the Carolingian era , the upper reaches of the Danube and Neckar ruled the Alaholfinger or Bertholde. Of the settlements that were created at that time, however, as an Aachen donation agreement of 817 shows, 42 villages went to St.Gallen, including Villingen , Schwenningen, Tannheim, Pfohren and Hondingen.

After the collapse of the Franconian Empire in 843, the Baar area belonged to Eastern Franconia and from around 920 to the Duchy of Swabia . After its end, in 1273 under Rudolf II , it was largely part of the Habsburg Front Austria and the Landgraviate of Baar to the Principality of Fürstenberg of the Swabian Empire.

After the Napoleonic Wars, the area was added to the now enlarged Margraviate of Baden and the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1806 . However, there were several small enclaves and exclaves along the border between Baden, Württemberg and the Prussian Hohenzollern region , which were cleared up late through the swap of territories. On the whole, the three states formed the federal state of Baden-Württemberg since 1952 .

At the end of April 1945 the region of what is now the district got into extensive fighting and then became part of the French zone of occupation .

Population development

The population figures are census results (¹) or official updates from the Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office (main residences only).

date Residents December 31, 1973 202.138 December 31, 1975 199,550 December 31, 1980 199,570 December 31, 1985 194.211 May 25, 1987 ¹ 192.620

date Residents December 31, 1990 202.025 December 31, 1995 208,828 December 31, 2000 210,347 December 31, 2005 211,320 December 31, 2010 206,535 December 31, 2015 209,648

politics

District election 2019

Turnout: 53.4% ​​(2014: 46.3%)

 %

40

30th

20th

10

0

35.0%

16.9%

13.9%

18.2%

9.4%

5.5%

1.2%

CDU

FW

SPD

Green

FDP

AfD

DLVH

Gains and losses

compared to 2014

 % p

   8th

   6th

   4th

   2

   0

  -2

  -4

-3.6  % p

-4.0  % p

-3.4  % p

+ 6.9  % p

+ 3.4  % p

+1.7  % p

-0.8  % p

CDU

FW

SPD

Green

FDP

AfD

DLVH

District council

The district council is elected for five years by those entitled to vote in the district. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the provisional result shown in the adjacent diagrams.

Distribution of seats in the district council 8th 10 10 5 22nd 3 8th 10 10 5 22nd 3  A total of 58 seats SPD : 8 Greens : 10 FW : 10 FDP : 5 CDU : 22 AfD : 3

The district office in Villingen

Parties and constituencies		% 2019	Seats 2019	% 2014	Seats 2014	% 2009	Seats 2009	% 2004	Seats 2004	% 1999	Seats 1999	% 1994	Seats 1994	% 1989	Seats 1989
CDU	Christian Democratic Union of Germany	35.0	22nd	38.6	26th	34.7	26th	38.6	26th	42.1	29	35.6	26th	36.0	25th
FW	Free voters	16.9	10	20.9	12	22.3	13	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Flat share	Electoral associations	-	-	-	-	-	-	17.5	9	16.3	9	18.8	10	14.7	8th
SPD	Social Democratic Party of Germany	13.9	8th	17.3	10	20.0	11	22.2	13	24.1	15th	25.7	17th	24.3	14th
Green	Alliance 90 / The Greens	18.2	10	11.3	7th	10.2	6th	8.6	5	6.6	4th	10.0	6th	9.1	5
FDP	Free Democratic Party	9.4	5	6.0	4th	9.4	7th	9.3	7th	8.1	6th	7.2	6th	8.7	7th
AfD	Alternative for Germany	5.5	3	3.8	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
DLVH	German League for People and Homeland	1.2	-	2.0	1	3.2	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
REP	The Republicans	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.7	-
Otherwise.	Others	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.8	1	2.9	1	2.8	1	4.6	1
total		100	58	100	61	100	64	100	61	100	64	100	66	100	60
voter turnout		53.0%		46.2%		47.5%		49.0%		51.9%		63.1%		58.8%

• WG: Voter associations, as the results from 1989 to 2004 cannot be broken down into individual groups of voters.

District Administrator

The district councilor is elected by the district council for a term of eight years. He is the legal representative and representative of the district as well as chairman of the district council and its committees. He heads the district office and is an official of the district. His area of ​​responsibility includes the preparation of the district council meetings and its committees. He calls meetings, chairs them and implements the resolutions passed there. He has no voting rights in the committees . His deputy is the first state official.

The district administrators of the Donaueschingen district 1945–1972

• 1945: Erwin Trippel (administrator)-1972
• 1945: Max Egon Prince zu Fürstenberg-1972
• 1945: -1972Fritz Mauthe
• 1945–1972: Robert Lienhart

The district administrators of the Villingen district 1945–1972

• 1945–1947: Karl Paul Bienzeisler
• 1947–1948: Othmar Diele (acting)
• 1948–1972: Josef Astfäller

The district administrators of the Schwarzwald-Baar district since 1973

• 1973–1996: Rainer Gutknecht
• 1996–2012: Karl Heim (independent)
• since June 1, 2012: Sven Hinterseh (CDU)

coat of arms

Description : Quartered by silver and blue: In field 1 a blue-armored and blue-tongued red eagle

(Coats of arms awarded June 7, 1974)

Meaning: The two blue fields symbolize the rivers Danube and Neckar , which arise in the district area. The silver fields symbolize the two eponymous landscapes, Black Forest and Baar . The red eagle stands for the Zähringer family , who founded the city of Villingen.

See also : List of coats of arms in the Schwarzwald-Baar district

Partnerships

The Schwarzwald-Baar district maintains a district partnership with the Bács-Kiskun county in Hungary .

Economy and Infrastructure

In the Future Atlas 2016 , the district was ranked 127th out of 402 districts, municipal associations and urban districts in Germany, making it one of the regions with “future opportunities”. In the 2019 edition, it was ranked 109th out of 401.

The Schwarzwald-Baar district is home to some particularly economically powerful regions. So z. For example, the city of Furtwangen has a particularly low number of unemployed in a national German comparison. Many medium-sized companies have settled in the region, most of which have made a name for themselves in their specific sub-sector.

traffic

rail

The Ringzug in Donaueschingen

Museum railway "Sauschwänzlebahn"

The district area is accessed by a total of five active railway lines:

• the Black Forest Railway in the Triberg - St. Georgen - Villingen - Donaueschingen section
• the Höllentalbahn in the Döggingen - Hüfingen --Donaueschingen section
• the Rottweil – Villingen railway in the section Villingen – Schwenningen (Neckar) –Villingen-Schwenningen Hammerstatt
• the Bregtalbahn in the section Donaueschingen – Hüfingen– Bräunlingen (previously to Furtwangen )
• the Wutachtalbahn in the section Fützen - Blumberg-Zollhaus- Hinschingen station (connection to the Black Forest Railway).

Another line that connected Bad Dürrheim with the Black Forest Railway was shut down and dismantled in the mid-1960s.

The district is incorporated into the Schwarzwald-Baar transport association . The district is directly connected to the nationwide intercity network through the Black Forest Railway. There are long-distance traffic connections without changing trains from Donaueschingen, Villingen, St. Georgen or Triberg to Hamburg , the Ruhr area or Hanover . Since the introduction of the ring train in 2003, local rail traffic in the district has improved.

Street

The eastern district is touched by the federal highway 81 Stuttgart - Singen (Hohentwiel) . Furthermore, several federal, state and district roads open up the district. The most important federal road is the B 33 Offenburg - Villingen-Schwenningen and the B 500 Baden-Baden - Waldshut-Tiengen .

District facilities

The Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis supports the following vocational schools :

• Villingen-Schwenningen trade school,
• Commercial schools in Donaueschingen,
• Robert-Gerwig-Schule (industrial and commercial school) Furtwangen,
• State vocational school for the hotel and restaurant industry with boarding school Villingen-Schwenningen,
• Commercial schools I Villingen-Schwenningen,
• David Würth School (Commercial School) Villingen-Schwenningen,
• Commercial and home economics schools in Donaueschingen,
• Technical High School Villingen-Schwenningen,
• Albert Schweitzer School (housekeeping, social care and agricultural school) Villingen-Schwenningen and
• Technical college for agriculture in Donaueschingen.

In addition, the following special education and advice centers :

• Carl-Orff-Schule with school kindergarten Villingen-Schwenningen (special focus on intellectual development)
• Christy Brown School Villingen-Schwenningen (special focus on physical and motor development)
• Karl Wacker School with a school kindergarten in Donaueschingen (focus on intellectual development)
• Special education and advice center for students in long-term hospital treatment in Villingen-Schwenningen

The Schwarzwald-Baar district is a partner in the Schwarzwald-Baar Klinikum Villingen-Schwenningen GmbH, an academic teaching hospital of the University of Freiburg. The GmbH operates the hospitals in Villingen-Schwenningen and Donaueschingen. With around 3000 employees, it is the largest employer in the district. The new central clinic between the Villingen and Schwenningen districts was built by July 2013.

cities and communes

Agreed administrative communities and municipal administration associations

1. Community Administration Association Donaueschingen with seat in Donaueschingen; Member communities: Cities of Bräunlingen, Donaueschingen and Hüfingen
2. Agreed administrative partnership between the city of Furtwangen and the community of Gütenbach
3. Local government association “Raumschaft Triberg” based in Triberg in the Black Forest; Member communities: City of Triberg in the Black Forest and communities Schönwald in the Black Forest and Schonach in the Black Forest
4. Agreed administrative partnership between the city of Villingen-Schwenningen and the communities of Brigachtal, Dauchingen, Mönchweiler, Niedereschach, Tuningen and Unterkirnach

Cities in the Schwarzwald-Baar district

city	coat of arms	Area km²	Resident December 31, 2018	PE density PE per km²	Height above sea level
Bad Durrheim		62.09	13,260	214	703
Blumberg		98.68	10.127	103	704
Bräunlingen		62.10	5,828	94	693
Donaueschingen , large district town		104.63	22,526	215	686
Furtwangen in the Black Forest		82.57	9.091	110	870
Hüfingen		58.53	7,799	133	684
St. Georgen in the Black Forest		59.85	12,958	217	862
Triberg in the Black Forest		33.32	4,794	144	684
Villingen-Schwenningen , large district town		165.47	85.181	515	758
Voehrenbach		70.47	3,853	55	797

Municipalities in the Schwarzwald-Baar district

local community	coat of arms	Area km²	Resident December 31, 2018	PE density PE per km²	Height above sea level
Brigachtal		22.80	5,137	225	705
Dauchingen		10.04	3,767	375	732
Guttenbach		18.49	1,137	61	826
Königsfeld in the Black Forest		40.24	6,027	150	763
Mönchweiler		9.60	2,977	310	757
Niedereschach		33.07	5,917	179	625
Schonach in the Black Forest		36.71	4,045	110	881
Schönwald in the Black Forest		27.81	2,444	88	1,000
Tuning		15.59	2,931	188	743
Unterkirnach		13.17	2,582	196	815

License Plate

On January 1, 1973, the district was assigned the VS distinctive sign, which had been valid since January 1, 1972 for the Villingen-Schwenningen district. It is still issued today.

The earlier distinctive signs DS (Altkreis Donaueschingen) and VL (Altkreis Villingen) have not yet been reintroduced.

See also

• List of municipalities in the Schwarzwald-Baar district
• List of places in the Schwarzwald-Baar district

literature

• Rainer Gutknecht (Ed.): The Black Forest Baar District , Stuttgart / Aalen 1977. ISBN 3-8062-0146-3
• The state of Baden-Württemberg . Official description by districts and communities (in eight volumes). Edited by the Baden-Württemberg State Archives Department; Volume VI: Freiburg administrative region; Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2

Web links

Commons : Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the district
• Literature from and about the Schwarzwald-Baar district in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis: Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis. Retrieved June 6, 2020 . 
3. ↑ LUBW protected area statistics Status: updated daily
4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 517 .
5. ↑ Symposium History of Religions in the Schwarzwald-Baar Region  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
6. ↑ See: territorial peculiarities in southwest Germany after 1810
7. ↑ https://wahlen11.rz-kiru.de/08326000W/kw2019.html Local election results for the election on May 26, 2019
8. ↑ [1]  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Distribution of votes in the district elections 1989-2009  
9. ↑ [2]  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Distribution of seats in the district elections 1989-2009  
10. ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
11. ↑ Future Atlas 2019. Accessed December 10, 2019 . 
12. ↑ Christina Nack: Central Clinic in Villingen-Schwenningen costs 12 million euros more. In: Südkurier. November 21, 2013, accessed May 20, 2014 . 
13. ↑ ^{a b} Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).