Tyrol (South Tyrol)

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Tyrol
(Italian: Tirolo )
coat of arms
Coat of arms of Tyrol
 map
Tyrol in South Tyrol - Positionskarte.svg
State : Italy
Region : Trentino-South Tyrol
Province : Bolzano - South Tyrol
District community : Burgrave Office
Inhabitants :
(VZ 2011 / 31.12.2019) 		2,450 / 2,443
Language groups :
(according to 2011 census ) 		96.89% German
2.89% Italian
0.22% Ladin
Coordinates 46 ° 41 ′  N , 11 ° 9 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 41 ′  N , 11 ° 9 ′  E
Altitude : 323– 2998  m slm (center: 594  m slm )
Surface: 25.6 km²
Permanent settlement area: 4.9 km²
Parliamentary groups : St. Peter
Neighboring municipalities: Algund , Kuens , Meran , Moos in Passeier , Partschins , Riffian , Schenna
Postal code : 39019
Area code : 0473
ISTAT number: 021101
Tax number: 82003330212
Mayor  (2015): Erich Ratschiller ( SVP )

Tirol , mostly called Dorf Tirol for the sake of clarity ([ tiˈroˑl ]; Italian Tirolo ), is an Italian municipality with 2443 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) near Merano in the Burgraviato in South Tyrol .

geography

The municipality of Tyrol is located in the Burggrafenamt . The majority of the settlement areas lie on the ridge of the Küchelberg , which, as the most southeastern branch of the Texel Group, borders the Merano basin in the Adige Valley on the north side and accompanies the exit of the Passeier Valley on the west side. The back has from its lowest portion, which about 350- 400  m high-level Zenoberg directly above the Meraner Old Town, to the center of Tirol to 590  m only moderate slopes on. Behind it, the terrain is rapidly increasing in height. On the steep flanks of the area superior Mutspitze ( 2291  m ) are the Muthöfe (1100- 1500  m ), the highest points settlement. Beyond the Mutspitze, the municipality extends over the Spronser Tal , a high mountain valley that leads deep into the Texel group, which is part of the Ötztal Alps . Above the end of the valley with the Sprons lakes , Tyrol reaches the summit points of the Tschigat ( 2998  m ) and the Spronser Rötelspitze ( 2625  m ). Much of the protected area in the Texel Group Nature Park is drained by the Spronser Bach , which flows through the valley in a south-easterly direction before finally flowing into the Passer in the lower Passeier valley under the Küchelberg .

history

The history of Tyrol is visibly shaped by Tyrol Castle , the former seat of the Counts of Tyrol . Around 1140, the Counts of Vinschgau called themselves Counts of Tyrol for the first time and strived for power over the country. In the years that followed, high above the Adige Valley , in today's municipality of Tyrol, the most important castle in the country was built as a symbol of imperial sentiments in the power struggle between emperor and pope. It was from here that Meinhard II von Görz-Tirol pushed ahead with the political vision that made the “Land of Mountains”, as Tirol was called at that time, the princes of Tirol. The year of Tyrol's birth is 1248: From then on the country was called dominium comitis Tyrolis . The state regulations can still be viewed in the castle today, as well as one of the first pictorial representations of the Tyrolean eagle, as it can still be found in the Tyrolean coat of arms. The golden age of Tyrol Castle ended in the 14th century and the residence was moved from Meran to Innsbruck . The castle, which was also used as a quarry at times, began to fall into disrepair. In the course of the annexation of South Tyrol by Bavaria, the castle was auctioned off at a low price. The city of Merano acquired it in the 19th century and later gave it away to Emperor Franz . After the First World War , Tyrol Castle became the property of the Italian state, and in 1974 it returned to the State of South Tyrol. In 1990 the board of directors of the South Tyrolean State Museum of Archeology finally took over the management of Tyrol Castle, which is now the place of activity of the South Tyrolean Museum of Cultural and State History.

The municipality belonged to the judicial district of Merano until the end of the First World War and was part of the district of Merano . Today it is part of the Burggrafenamt district community .

politics

Access to Tyrol from the Passeier Valley

Mayor since 1952:

  • Alois Elsler: 1952-1969
  • Josef Schnitzer: 1969–1984
  • Alois Walzl: 1984–1985
  • Ignaz Ladurner: 1985-2010
  • Elisabeth Laimer: 2010–2015
  • Erich Ratschiller: since 2015

Culture and sights

Buildings

Dorf Tirol from the Muthöfe seen from
Apple blossom in Tirolo
The surrounding area of ​​Tyrol is characterized, among other things, by wine terraces like this one
In the lower layers you can find palm trees
View of Thurnstein Castle
Tyrol and the surrounding area

The parish church of Tyrol is the oldest mission and baptismal church in the area and was initially kept in the Romanesque style, but later expanded to include a high Gothic choir. The baptismal font made of white Lasa marble and the church organ with a large number of old wooden and metal pipes are particularly significant individual objects.

The small parish church of St. Peter ob Gratsch has historical details such as frescoes from the Romanesque style epoch and paintings from the pre-Gothic and Gothic times.

The Johanneum was an episcopal student convict in Tyrol, which existed from 1840 to 2001 and has been called Johann Nepomuk von Tschiderer Johanneum from 1856 after its founder .

The South Tyrolean State Museum for Cultural and State History is located in Castle Tyrol, high above the Adige Valley. It provides an overview of the first settlements in the Alpine region from the 7th century BC. There. Among other things, a completely intact melting furnace from the Bronze Age and the oldest Tyrolean stained glass can be viewed.

The care center for bird fauna is located on the castle hill of Schloss Tirol. Injured wild birds receive professional care here until they are released back into the wild after their recovery. Flight demonstrations take place twice a day: falcons, eagles, vultures, owls and buzzards demonstrate their flying skills and also fly close above the heads of the audience.

The Brunnenburg was built in the 13th century on a cone of glacial debris between the village and Tyrol Castle. At the beginning of the 20th century the castle was restored and today it not only houses a South Tyrolean farm museum, but also often serves as a setting for final concerts and poetry readings.

In the playground in the Burglehenpark at the entrance to the village there is a steel horse called "Jakob", which was constructed by the Renon artist Franz Messner as a mixture of work of art and play equipment and which was dedicated to all children of this earth.

  • Parish church with cemetery for All Saints' Day

  • Tirol Castle with Merano in the background

  • Brunnenburg

  • Horse "Jakob" in the Burglehenpark

hike

A well-marked, 70-kilometer network of trails of various levels of difficulty is available to hikers in the mountainous landscape. In addition, themed paths such as the apple, wine or panorama path invite you to take long walks. On the Meraner Höhenweg , South Tyrol's largest Texel Group nature park can be hiked in several daily stages. In the north, at 2895 meters, the highest point of the Meraner Höhenweg is reached. Depending on endurance and the length of the stage, a complete circular hike takes between three and eight days. On the way there are restaurants and shelters at regular intervals, which take care of the physical well-being of the hikers and offer protection from wind and weather. In addition, there is always the possibility of descending into the valley at various points in the lower southern part.

  • Hiking sign at the Tiroler Kreuz

  • Tyrolean cross

  • View of the Adige Valley from the Tiroler Kreuz

  • Upper access to the Falknerweg

to eat and drink

The numerous restaurants offer both Alpine and Mediterranean cuisine. The offer ranges from mountain inns and alpine pastures to snack stations and Törggelekeller to gourmet restaurants .

Due to its geographical location and the mild climate, Tyrol is suitable as a growing area for high quality wines such as the South Tyrolean Lagrein or Vernatsch, but also for grape varieties such as Pinot Noir , Silvaner and Merlot . Tyrol is part of one of the oldest wine-growing regions in South Tyrol; Wine was already grown here in Roman times. Vineyard seminars, in which those interested learn interesting facts about wine, its history, cultivation, harvest, the different varieties and its marketing, are part of the tourist offer.

Events

Customs and traditions are actively cultivated in Tyrol. At the same time, a contemporary culture developed in the form of events such as the Tyrolean Culture Spring, during which regional bands and bands present visitors with folk music in a new guise. In the summer months, the soirees take place at Tyrol Castle, where national and international ensembles perform musical works from the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the early Baroque in the knight's hall. In autumn, the focus is on themed weeks such as “Pleasure Autumn” or “Autumn Törggelewandern”: Visitors learn something about wine or can take part in guided hikes through the autumnal forests. The “VinoCulti” series of events, which takes place every autumn, is also dedicated to wine.

economy

Tourism is the main industry in the village of Tyrol. In the municipality of Tyrol, around 90% of the gross national product is drawn from tourism. The numerous accommodation establishments - from five-star hotels to bed and breakfasts, holiday apartments and farms - ensure around 700,000 overnight stays every year.

traffic

Tyrol offers a cable car, the Hochmuterbahn , which leads up to Hochmut, from where you can hike to the Mutspitze. The valley station is in the north of the village. There is also a chairlift on the southern edge of Tyrol that leads down to Merano. Both the valley station of the Hochmuterbahn and the mountain station of the chairlift are connected by a continuous bus line that connects to the central bus station in town. From the bus station there is also a connection down to Merano.

  • Valley station of the Hochmuterbahn

  • Cabin of the Hochmuterbahn

  • View from the Hochmuth mountain station

  • Mountain station of the chairlift

  • View of Merano from the mountain station of the chairlift

  • Bus station

Personalities

  • Josef Tscholl (1928–2018), Roman Catholic priest and professor at the Phil.-Theol. University in Brixen
  • Luis Zagler (* 1954), German-speaking playwright and author

literature

  • Ruth Laimer: Dorf Tirol - birth, marriage, death. A contribution to the history of the village: historical-demographic study from 1618–1924 as reflected in the register books of Dorf Tirol. Lana, Tappeiner, 2001.
  • Corinna Alber: Insights - Views into our Dorf Tirol . Ed. Educational Committee Tyrol, 2009, ISBN 978-88-904509-0-7 (online) .

Web links

Commons : Dorf Tirol  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The mayors of the South Tyrolean municipalities since 1952. (PDF; 15 MB) In: Festschrift 50 Years of the South Tyrolean Association of Municipalities 1954–2004. Association of South Tyrolean municipalities, pp. 139–159 , accessed on November 16, 2015 .