Niedernhausen
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Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ N , 8 ° 19 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Hesse | |
| Administrative region : | Darmstadt | |
| County : | Rheingau-Taunus district | |
| Height : | 257 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 35.31 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 14,756 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 418 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 65527 | |
| Primaries : | 06127 06128 (Engenhahn) |
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| License plate : | RÜD, SWA | |
| Community key : | 06 4 39 011 | |
| LOCODE : | DE NRH | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Wilrijkplatz 65527 Niedernhausen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Joachim Reimann ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the community of Niedernhausen in the Rheingau-Taunus district | ||
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Niedernhausen ( ) is a municipality in the Taunus in Hesse with almost 15,000 inhabitants. It is located in the Rhein-Taunus Nature Park , in the western part of the Rhine-Main area and borders directly on the state capital Wiesbaden .
The districts of Niedernhausen (which alone houses over half of the total population) and Königshofen extend on the slopes of a valley. The town center is at the bottom of the valley. The community is surrounded by mixed forest (60 percent of the municipal area).
The community of Niedernhausen has a purchasing power index of 134%, which is well above the national average (100%), making Niedernhausen (before Schlangenbad ) the community with the highest per capita income in the Rheingau-Taunus district.
geography
Geographical location
Niedernhausen lies with Alt-Niedernhausen and the districts of Königshofen and Oberjosbach in a cut of the High Taunus , which has most of the highest mountains of the Taunus low mountain range with large forest areas and only a few settlements. The Hohe Taunus extends from the Niederwald near Rüdesheim am Rhein in a north-easterly direction to the Wetterau near Bad Nauheim . The other districts are already part of the Hintertaunus . The Taunus is divided into an eastern and western half by the Idsteiner Senke , an incision that also reaches the municipality of Niedernhausen near Niederseelbach as Autal . With a height of 351 meters, Niederseelbach offers the lowest central Taunus crossing. That is why this valley train is of considerable importance for long-distance traffic.
The Taunushauptkamm , which at the same time forms the watershed between the river areas of the Rhine and Main in the south and the Lahn in the north, runs through the district from southwest to northeast. Part of this ridge line and at the same time part of the Wiesbaden Hochtaunus are the Hohe Kanzel , at 592 m above sea level. NN the highest point in the municipality, and the Lenzenberg ( 492 m above sea level ). To the south of this ridge, the local recreation and nature reserve Theiss valley extends from Niedernhausen to the northeast to the center of Niedernhausen, to the north of it the Engenhahn Valley , in which the road runs from the higher Engenhahn to the Niederseelbach in the foothills of the Idsteiner depression . The Niedernhausen basin extends east of Niederseelbach. At the bottom of the valley lies the town center (lowest point at Guldenmühle at 254 m above sea level ), on the southern slopes of Königshofen and on the northern slopes of the new development areas of Niedernhausen and the district of Oberjosbach . The mountain range, which rises north of Niedernhausen, Oberjosbach and the Oberseelbach further west, is already part of the Hochtaunus and was formerly called Eichelberger Mark . It culminates in the Buchwaldskopf ( 492 m above sea level ) and in the Großer Lindenkopf ( 499 m above sea level ). The highest elevation in the mountain range south of the Theiss valley is the Hahnberg ( 447 m above sea level ).
Four larger streams flow through the municipality . The largest is the Daisbach, which comes from Engenhahn through the Engenhahn Valley to Niederseelbach and continues through the Autal through Niedernhausen. It leaves the municipality in the southwest in the direction of Niederjosbach and Eppstein , from there it is called Schwarzbach and flows into the Main at Okriftel . The Theissbach rises in the Theiss valley and flows into the Daisbach at the Niedernhausen town hall . The Seelbach rises near Lenzhahn, flows through Oberseelbach and flows into the Daisbach near Niederseelbach. The Josbach rises near Oberjosbach and also flows into the Daisbach in Niederjosbach .
The railway tracks of the Main-Lahn-Bahn from Frankfurt am Main to Limburg an der Lahn run through the municipality in a west-east direction through the Autal . The federal motorway 3 and the ICE high-speed line Cologne-Rhine / Main run south and parallel to this, both of which cross the Theiss valley with an imposing bridge .
| Elevation | height | mountain range |
|---|---|---|
| High pulpit | 592 m above sea level NN | Rheingau-Taunus |
| Great linden head | 499 m above sea level NN | Hochtaunus |
| Buchwaldskopf | 492 m above sea level NN | Hochtaunus |
| Lenzenberg | 462 m above sea level NN | Rheingau-Taunus |
| Hahnberg | 447 m above sea level NN | Rheingau-Taunus |
| Hellenberg | 436 m above sea level NN | Rheingau-Taunus |
| Donkey head | 391 m above sea level NN | Hochtaunus |
geology
The mountain ridge, to which the Hohe Kanzel also belongs, consists of hard, weather-resistant , but also cracked and water-permeable quartzite rock . Its layers are erect and often vertical. This yellowish-white, sometimes cherry-red flamed Taunus quartzite emerged from sandy sea deposits. Due to the pressure of the mountains and the associated heat development, the originally sedimentary rock turned into metamorphic quartzites.
In the district of Niedernhausen there are rocky sections of these quartzites that are worth seeing. These include a block on the summit of the Hohe Kanzel and the 479 m high Hohle Stein between Niedernhausen and Lenzhahn. The latter was placed under nature protection in 1929 . The so-called gray stone is located near the Niedernhausen motorway junction , and there is also a former quartzite plant near it.
Outline and adjacent communities
The community consists of the six formerly independent districts Engenhahn , Königshofen , Niedernhausen , Niederseelbach , Oberjosbach and Oberseelbach . In Niedernhausen more than half of the residents live; here there are also the youngest building areas Lenzhahner Weg and Schäfersberg .
| District | population |
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| Niedernhausen 1) | 7,700 |
| Oberjosbach | 2,150 |
| Niederseelbach | 2,000 |
| Koenigshofen | 1,900 |
| Narrow cock 2) | 1,350 |
| Oberseelbach | 450 |
1) with the Lenzhahner Weg and Schäfersberg
building areas 2) with the Wildpark building area
Neighboring cities are in the West Taunusstein , the west and north Idstein (both in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis), in the east Eppstein ( Main-Taunus-Kreis ) and in the south the county-level state capital Wiesbaden .
history
Beginnings and Roman Frontier Area (1st Century AD)
In 1974 a stone ax was found near Oberjosbach, which could be dated to the time of the cup cultures of the younger Stone Age (2300 to 1600 BC). While there is no evidence of settlement, it does prove the presence of humans.
Then the turning point came the Romans in the territory of the present district of Niedernhausen. From 86 AD they began between today Oberseelbach and Idstein to July 15, 2005 by the. UNESCO for World Heritage raised the limit to apply. The area of today's Niedernhausen was on the Roman side, that of Idstein on the Germanic side. On the Dasbacher Höhe on the road between Niedernhausen and Idstein, a replica of a Roman watchtower was built in the immediate vicinity of the Niedernhausen district boundary on the occasion of the Hessentag 2002 . About 2 km north of Oberseelbach, near the Idstein district of Heftrich , was the Alteburg castle .
First traces in the Middle Ages and first documented mentions (1196–1283)
The two places of origin in what is today the municipality of Niedernhausen are the parish of Oberjosbach and the parish of Niederseelbach.
The former was first mentioned in documents in 1196 , when Oberjosbach, with God's grace, increased its population and property and was therefore given complete freedom as a mother church by the Archbishop of Mainz . The parish of St. Michael did not exist in the Middle Ages, but the church developed into a central ecclesiastical place. The Oberjosbach settlement, on the other hand, could have existed since the 10th century and would therefore be the oldest in today's district.
The old Johanneskirche in Wiesengrund near Niederseelbach, on the other hand, was the center of the so-called Seelbacher Grund , which included the towns of Oberseelbach, Engenhahn, Lenzhahn, Königshofen and Niedernhausen. In addition, the priest from Niederseelbach was responsible for the Dasbach branch . The Seelbacher Grund belonged to the parish of Oberjosbach since 1196, but the ways parted when the Nassau people in 1220 launched the independent parish of Niederseelbach. The origins of the church possibly go back to the Carolingian period around 800, when a field church stood here.
Engenhahn's foundation goes back to the foundation of the Bleidenstadt monastery in 775, around which so-called Meierhöfe were built. A monk named " Enicho " founded one and was named after Engenhahn: " Enicho im Hag " or " Unechenhagin ". First documented the place was 1221. Oberseelbach appears next Lenzhahn as " Medietas Ville superioris Selebach " for the first time in a castle Borner Zehntregister on. This could be dated to the period between 1226 and 1233. Königshofen and Niedernhausen were mentioned for the first time around 1220 in a directory of the Mainz Stephanstift as " Villa in Kunigishoue " and " Niederinhusin " respectively .
Border disputes between Nassau-Idstein and Eppstein (1283–1806)
The district of Niedernhausen was marked by border disputes between the lords of Nassau-Idstein and Eppstein since the early Middle Ages . These culminated in the Nassau-Eppstein feud in the 13th century , in which the new parish church in Oberjosbach was immediately destroyed and a successor building was only consecrated in 1321. The feud was settled in the Atonement Treaty of 1283, in which the territorial affiliations were reorganized. However, the border between the two houses , which had been rather fluid until then, did not consolidate until around 1500. The small settlement of Obernhausen , the counterpart of Niedernhausen and located in the border area, fell victim to the plague during this time. In 1544 the place no longer existed.
The Reformation led to a further separation between the places in Seelbacher Grund and Oberjosbach. After being Protestant from 1540 to 1604, the latter became Catholic again due to the fact that it had belonged to Kurmainz since 1581 . The members of the parish of Niederseelbach, on the other hand, became Lutheran from 1581 - according to the creed of the Counts of Nassau-Idstein .
This constellation persisted until the end of the Thirty Years War . The villages were badly affected by the war: Niedernhausen, Königshofen and Engenhahn were almost completely depopulated, in Oberseelbach just 14 people survived.
After the Peace of Westphalia , Count Johannes von Nassau-Idstein settled in the devastated places of the county, including Niedernhausen, Königshofen and Engenhahn Wallonen from the Principality of Liège . Although he allowed them to remain true to their Catholic faith, he nevertheless made them subordinate to the Lutheran pastor of Niederseelbach. Some Walloon family names can still be found in Niedernhausen today. At the instigation of the Walloons, an iron hammer was put into operation in Niedernhausen .
The Elector of Mainz and Archbishop Anselm Franz von Ingelheim replaced the Oberjosbach Chapel with a church in the Renaissance style in 1680 .
In 1723 the border between Idstein and Eppstein was " petrified ", that is, boundary stones were set that showed the Nassau lion on one side and the Mainz wheel on the other . These stones can still be seen today between Niedernhausen and Oberjosbach. In 1728 the elector Archbishop Lothar Franz von Schönborn re-established the parish in Oberjosbach, in which the Catholics of the Seelbacher Grund found a new home regardless of the border. The school in Niederseelbach was first mentioned in 1778. She was visited by the children of the surrounding villages.
Duchy of Nassau, railway construction and climatic health resort (1806–1914)
In 1806 the Duchy of Nassau was founded. As a result, the border between Oberjosbach and Niedernhausen, which had existed since the Middle Ages, lost its importance.
In 1859 Oberseelbach founded a school association together with the neighboring towns of Dasbach and Lenzhahn, which today belong to Idstein, and in 1863 the new school building was opened.
The big boom came with the construction of the railway in 1877. From then on, the Main-Lahn-Bahn connected the Rhine-Main area with Limburg an der Lahn. When the cross connection to Wiesbaden was opened in 1879, Niedernhausen even became a railway junction. The first station building was built in 1880, a new representative building was erected in 1906, track and handling systems for the steam locomotives were built. An old engine shed and an associated water tower are still preserved today. In 1913 the second track on the line was built. In 1903 Niederseelbach also got its own breakpoint, which was closed again in 1971.
The population, which had been focused on agriculture and forest work for centuries , now had the opportunity to carry out industrial and craft activities in the cities that were now easily accessible. Not only did Niedernhausen and Niederseelbach benefit from this, but also the villages in the vicinity. Due to the easy accessibility, Niedernhausen could even ascend to the climatic health resort , the spa guests could travel comfortably by train. Numerous old hotel villas from the Wilhelminian era in the former spa district on the " Schöne Aussicht " are evidence of this time. In addition, the old youth hostel can still be found on Frankfurter Strasse today. The unofficial Kurhaus was the former powder mill in Theiss valley on the border between Königshofen and Niedernhausen. At the turn of the century, the population of Niedernhausen rose to around 1,200.
Weimar Republic, Third Reich and Second World War (1918–1945)
After the First World War , the left bank of the Rhine and the three bridgeheads Cologne , Koblenz and Mainz each within a radius of 30 km were occupied by the Allies . Niedernhausen and its current districts fell under French occupation, at times several hundred soldiers were present. From September 1919 the troops were withdrawn from the smaller towns. On November 8, 1919, the first local council election took place, in which women were also allowed to vote for the first time.
Even after the First World War, many spa guests and summer visitors came to Niedernhausen, including many Jews . Perhaps this fact and also the centuries ago settlement of the Walloons in Niedernhausen are a reason why dealing with foreign cultures was characterized by normality. In any case, there is no record of any noteworthy political actions from the time of National Socialism . There was, however, a so-called “ Führer School ” that served as a training center for the Hitler Youth .
As in many German cities, streets and buildings were renamed in Niedernhausen: there was a Hindenburgplatz and part of Niederseelbacher Straße in Königshofen and Austraße in Niedernhausen was each called Adolf-Hitler-Straße . School teachers appeared to have been fairly loyal to the line, according to student reports, and incited students to collect relief supplies. Here, however, there are also reports of isolated voices critical of the regime. For example, an employee of the “ Führer School ” quickly canceled the subscription to the propaganda sheet “ Der Stürmer ”, although she had to face the consequences. When the mayor ordered the evacuation of the place shortly before the end of the war, he was laughed at by the population.
With the construction of the autobahn from 1937 to 1939 there was a further boom, as Niedernhausen also had its own driveway that could be used by the increasing number of cars. The construction of the Theiss valley bridge , which was completed before the beginning of the Second World War , employed up to 700 workers at times, who were housed in Niedernhausen and had to be looked after .
After Niedernhausen was spared at the beginning of the Second World War, this changed with the advance of the Allies from 1944. Due to its importance as a railway junction and the local driver's school with its radio systems, the place was bombed much more heavily than comparable places in the area. There were at least 8 air raids between May 1944 and March 1945 . In the worst on February 22, 1945, the station building, large parts of the track system as well as about 30 parked locomotives and dozen of wagons were destroyed. The attacks hit not only the railway facilities, but also several residential buildings in Niedernhausen and Königshofen. In July 1944 a train coming from Eppstein was bombed; the number of deaths was estimated at 30 to 40. On the night of August 25th to 26th, 1944, the parish church of Oberjosbach burned to the ground with a fire bomb . In total, around 200 people were killed in the attacks. Even today there are many bomb craters in the forests around Niedernhausen. In one of the attacks in August 1944, three American soldiers who jumped with their parachutes were lynched by the population.
When the Americans came to Königshofen and Niedernhausen via Engenhahn and Niederseelbach in March 1945 , there was no resistance. Probably because of this, and because of the rapid advance of the GIs , it was possible to prevent the Theiss valley bridge from being blown up.
Post-war period (1945–1971)
After the Second World War, as everywhere in western Germany, numerous refugees and displaced persons from the former German eastern regions and the Sudetenland came to the individual districts, especially to Oberjosbach, Niedernhausen, Königshofen and Niederseelbach. As a result, Niederseelbach, for example, doubled its population by 1960 compared to 1939. In the 1950s, the first new building areas were identified.
The rebuilt parish church in Oberjosbach was opened in 1949.
In Engenhahn, an area for weekend houses was initially created from the wildlife park area. From 1975 it became an official and exclusive building area in which celebrities like Wim Thoelke , Ebby Thust and Susanne Fröhlich live or lived.
In 1964 Oberseelbach took part in the competition “ Our village should be more beautiful ” for the first time, and in 1965 Hesse even won the state victory.
When the construction of the Rhein-Main S-Bahn was planned at the end of the 1960s and it was foreseeable that Niedernhausen would become one of the terminus, the town experienced strong population growth . The large Lenzhahner Weg building area was created; In the 1970s, four high-rises and a dozen larger apartment blocks were built here. The first S-Bahn line 2 reached Niedernhausen station on August 25, 1975.
In 1970, the Oberseelbach bypass was opened, which freed the town's narrow main street from through traffic.
Border changes and territorial reform (1971 to today)
The municipalities of Niedernhausen and Königshofen signed a border amendment agreement as part of the regional reform in Hesse - despite the antipathies that had existed for ages - and merged to form the new municipality of Niedernhausen with effect from October 1, 1971. Königshofen kept its name of the district.
On January 1, 1977, the previously independent communities of Niedernhausen, Engenhahn, Niederseelbach, Oberseelbach and Oberjosbach became the new community of Niedernhausen by state law. At the same time, the community became part of the Rheingau-Taunus district with the district town of Bad Schwalbach , which was newly founded on the same date . Before that, Niedernhausen belonged to the Main-Taunus-Kreis .
Before that, there had been a strong campaign for the communities in Seelbacher Grund between Idstein and Niedernhausen . There was also the idea of creating an independent municipality of Lenzenberg with Engenhahn , Ober- and Niederseelbach as well as Lenzhahn and Dasbach. In the end, Engenhahn, Ober- and Niederseelbach decided for Niedernhausen, Dasbach and Lenzhahn, despite their centuries-old ties to Ober- and Niederseelbach, for Idstein.
At the beginning of the 1980s, the old school building and town hall in Niedernhausen was expanded to become the new town hall for the entire community, and the Autalhalle was built.
From 1985, another large building area was designated on the Schäfersberg near the Niedernhausen district.
Today more than half of the inhabitants live in the Niedernhausen district. The second largest district is Oberjosbach with 2150, the smallest Oberseelbach with 450 inhabitants. The districts of Oberjosbach, Oberseelbach, Niederseelbach and Engenhahn have largely been able to retain their village character.
Population development since the entire municipality was founded in 1977
Since the establishment of the entire community on January 1st, 1977, Niedernhausen has seen a strong increase in population. The population rose from 12,055 at the census in May 1987 to 14,722 in June 2003. This meant a population increase of over 22% (district average about 11%). The main reasons are the convenient location and the proximity to nature as well as the progressive development of the Schäfersberg development area during this time. In recent years, however, the increase has stagnated, which is mainly due to the fact that there are hardly any vacant building plots left in the large new development areas Lenzhahner Weg and Schäfersberg and no new settlement areas have been designated so far.
| year | Residents |
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| January 1, 1977 | 10,952 |
| June 30, 1985 | 12,220 |
| May 31, 1987 | 12,055 *) |
| December 31, 1994 | 14,231 |
| June 30, 2003 | 14,722 |
| December 31, 2004 | 14,648 |
| June 30, 2005 | 14,664 |
*) Census result
Politics and administration
Community council and local councils
The local council is after the Hessian municipal code the supreme political body of Niedernhausen and every five years by the electors chosen citizens. It consists of 37 community representatives.
The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:
| Election year |
Electoral participation supply |
It accounted for the nominations of | ||||||||||||||
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| CDU | SPD | FDP | Green | WGN | OLN | All in all | ||||||||||
| % | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | ||
| 2016 | 55.3 | 34.7 | 13 | 17.2 | 6th | 9.6 | 4th | 12.9 | 5 | 12.2 | 4th | 13.5 | 5 | 100 | 37 | |
| 2011 | 50.2 | 30.1 | 11 | 24.3 | 9 | 5.8 | 2 | 23.1 | 9 | 10.8 | 4th | 5.7 | 2 | 100 | 37 | |
| 2006 | 48.3 | 39.5 | 15th | 26.3 | 10 | 6.4 | 2 | 10.5 | 4th | 17.4 | 6th | - | - | 100 | 37 | |
| 2001 | 59.6 | 45.3 | 17th | 35.0 | 13 | 11.5 | 4th | 8.2 | 3 | - | - | - | - | 100 | 37 | |
| 1997 | 65.4 | 35.9 | 13 | 31.4 | 12 | 11.8 | 4th | 7.4 | 3 | 13.5 | 5 | - | - | 100 | 37 | |
The community council is supported by two committees in which topics are prepared so that they can be submitted to the community council for voting. The two committees are: the main and finance committee, and the building, environmental and social committee. The committees each have seven members.
The interests of the six local districts according to the main statute are protected by the local councils elected at the same time as the local council . They have the right to be heard on all important matters relating to the local district and the right to make suggestions on all matters relating to the local district. They comment on the questions that are put to them by the community council or the community council.
The political bodies meet in the town hall in the Niedernhausen district or the Autalhalle.
Mayor and community council
Joachim Reimann has been the mayor of the community and thus also the highest head of administration since July 12, 2013.
The last direct mayor election took place on March 3, 2013. With a turnout of 61.5%, mayor Günter F. Döring (SPD), who has been in office since 1989, received 14.8% of the vote. His competitor Joachim Reimann (CDU) received 48.9% of the vote, the non-party candidate Wolfgang Müller received 36.4% of the vote. In the runoff between the two challengers, which took place on March 17, 2013, the 33-year-old Joachim Reimann won with 57%.
The community council elects the community board . According to the main statute, this has 9 members. The chairman is the mayor, and the first councilor (Dr. Norbert Beltz, SPD ) acts as his representative .
administration
The municipal administration, which employs around 50 administrative staff, is housed in the town hall on Wilrijkplatz with the three departments (I - Central Control, II - Citizen Service, Order and Social Affairs, III - Building and Housing, Environment). The residents' registration office (Bürgerbüro) is also the most important point of contact for citizens there. The municipality operates its own construction yard with around 15 employees, which is responsible in particular for winter service , street cleaning, the maintenance of cemeteries, sports fields, children's playgrounds and green spaces as well as the repair and maintenance of municipal facilities and buildings. The water supply and wastewater disposal are ensured by the municipal companies ( own company Gemeindewerke Niedernhausen) as well as the water procurement association Niedernhausen-Naurod . There is also a recycling yard operated by the waste management company Rheingau-Taunus (EAW) . Around 35 teachers are employed in the community kindergartens. The sewage treatment plant to the south of the village is operated by the Main-Taunus sewage association.
badges and flags
.svg)
coat of arms
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Blazon : "In a blue field sprinkled with six golden shingles, a red armored golden lion, holding a silver sword in his left paw."
The coat of arms was created in 1977 by the heraldist Heinz Ritt and approved on February 24, 1978 by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior . It shows the golden Nassau lion on a blue background. The silver sword in his left paw indicates the Electoral Mainz past of Oberjosbach : its coat of arms shows in the Electoral Mainz colors a red sword on a silver background, at the same time a symbol of Saint Michael , the patron saint of Oberjosbach. The six signs surrounding the lions symbolize the six districts. |
flag
The flag was approved on April 27, 1979 by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior. Description of the flag: “Between blue side stripes, each of which is framed by a narrow yellow stripe, a wide yellow central strip, in the upper third covered with the municipal coat of arms. "
Economy and Transport
economy
Niedernhausen is generally regarded as a so-called dormitory city, i.e. H. the community is primarily used as a residence for commuters who travel to the major cities of the Rhine-Main area . With around 30 percent, Wiesbaden has the largest share, closely followed by Frankfurt am Main . The number of jobs increased with the number of inhabitants, but due to the commuter structure it still has a relatively small share of around 10 percent of the population. In June 1987, 1,192 people were employed in Niedernhausen; by June 2002 the number had increased by around 21 percent to 1,443. The service share was 65 percent in 1987, 71 percent in 2002. The purchasing power index is 33.7 percent above the national average (100 percent) and is also the highest in the Rheingau-Taunus district .
Niedernhausen is mainly home to small and medium-sized businesses, mainly in the service sector. There are now over 30 high-tech companies, including around 20 in the IT sector and seven in measurement and control technology. The largest employer in the community with 220 employees is Hartmann Druckfarben GmbH in Niederseelbach, which has been based here since 1968. Hartmann Druckfarben is a subsidiary of the large printing ink manufacturer Sun Chemical . Another big employer, the H + Hotel is a conference and congress hotel with 254 rooms and the connected Rhein-Main-Theater . Since 1976, the largest publisher for German-language guides, the FALKEN publishing group , has been based in the Schöne Aussicht . With 120 employees and around 1,200 available books, it generated sales of around 45 million euros. In 2000, however, the publishing house was taken over by the Bertelsmann group and the company closed.
There are a total of four commercial areas : a smaller one in Königshofen, Ober- and Niederseelbach and a slightly larger one in Niedernhausen near the motorway entrance. Here the further designation of a mixed and commercial area of around 5 hectares is planned.
traffic
The Niedernhausen train station is located on the Main-Lahn-Bahn , which runs from Frankfurt am Main to Limburg an der Lahn . The line was opened in 1877, the station is the main junction of this line between Frankfurt-Höchst and Eschhofen , as the Ländchesbahn branches off here to the main station of the Hessian capital Wiesbaden . Due to its supraregional importance, the Niedernhausen train station was the target of several air raids during World War II.
Since 1975 Niedernhausen is also termination stop the train - S2 , which the municipality with a journey time of about 35 minutes by Frankfurt Central Station connects. The high-speed route Cologne-Rhine / Main with the 2,765 m long Niedernhausen tunnel also runs through the district parallel to federal motorway 3 .
In addition to the train connections to Frankfurt am Main, Wiesbaden and Limburg an der Lahn, there is a city bus connection to Wiesbaden (line 22 of the ESWE Verkehrsgesellschaft ), which connects the districts of Oberjosbach, Niedernhausen and Königshofen with the Wiesbaden districts of Naurod and Bierstadt as well as with downtown Wiesbaden and the main train station connects. The journey time from Oberjosbach is approx. 50 minutes, from the train station and Königshofen approx. 30 minutes. The other districts are connected by the regional bus lines 220 (only on school days, Oberjosbach-Theißtalschule-Schöne Aussicht-Königshofen-Niederseelbach-Engenhahn / Oberseelbach-Idstein) and 240 (Bahnhof-Königshofen-Oberseelbach-Niederseelbach-Engenhahn-Neuhof-Hahn).
Apart from Wilrijkplatz in front of the town hall, there are no designated pedestrian zones in Niedernhausen. However, the main shopping street, Bahnhofsstraße, is a narrow one-way street that is completely closed to traffic for various events (Christmas market etc.). There is a dense network of signposted hiking trails in the Taunus forests surrounding the community.
There is a park-and-ride facility at the Niedernhausen S-Bahn station . The Niedernhausen forest swimming pool and the Rhein-Main-Theater also offer a sufficient number of parking spaces . There are also additional parking spaces in the town center.
Niedernhausen has a junction of the federal motorway 3 Frankfurt am Main - Cologne , which is about two kilometers south of the town center. The B 455 runs past the junction and through the municipality .
The Frankfurt Airport can be reached by motorway in about 20 minutes. By train, it takes about an hour - with a change in Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof or Wiesbaden Hauptbahnhof . Due to the short travel time to the airport, Niedernhausen is also very popular as a place of residence for its employees.
Infrastructure
schools
There are two public schools in Niedernhausen. The Theiss Valley School in the Niedernhausen district was expanded at the end of the 1990s from an elementary school with a special level to a cooperative comprehensive school with elementary level as well as secondary school , secondary school and secondary school. The Lenzenbergschule in the district of Niederseelbach is a so-called central elementary school for the districts of Engenhahn, Niederseelbach and Oberseelbach. In the Königshofen district there is also a private high school and a music school.
The Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis is responsible for material expenses for the two public schools .
Churches
There are a total of three Catholic , two Protestant and one New Apostolic parish in the parish area . The Catholic parishes are Maria Königin in Niedernhausen, St. Michael in Oberjosbach and St. Martha in Engenhahn, which for some years now have been combined with the surrounding parishes to form the parish of St. Martin Idsteiner Land, based in Idstein. The two evangelical parishes are the parish of the Christ Church in Niedernhausen and another one in Niederseelbach with the oldest church in Niedernhausen, the Johanneskirche from the 15th century . The old Catholic church in Niedernhausen is now used as a cultural center.
Sports and leisure facilities
There are several football pitches in Niedernhausen , including a hard court in Engenhahn and two new artificial turf pitches in Niederseelbach and Niedernhausen. There are also three smaller sports fields in Niedernhausen, Königshofen and Oberjosbach as well as an athletics facility affiliated to the Theiss Valley School. The large three-field sports hall Autalhalle is not only used by local clubs, but also for trade fairs and other events. The schools and larger sports clubs each have their own halls. There is also a tennis club with several courts and a hall, a riding arena , several bowling alleys and the popular forest swimming pool with several pools, a slide and diving tower. A skate rink was opened in July 2006 right next to the forest swimming pool. The local recreation area Theiss valley in Niedernhausen offers one of several barbecue areas and a large fishing pond . In the district Engenhahn be in severe winters cross-country skiing - trails groomed.
Kindergartens, crèche, school day nursery and community houses
A total of six community kindergartens exist in the districts of Niedernhausen (Ahornstrasse and Schäfersberg), Königshofen, Niederseelbach, Oberjosbach and Engenhahn. In Niedernhausen there is the municipal day care center "Schatzinsel" Ahornstraße. The Catholic Church runs the St. Josef Kindergarten . A private parents' association runs a rhythmic-musical kindergarten TASIMU with a crèche and a school day nursery . In addition to the large three-field sports hall with gastronomy (Autalhalle), there are community halls for events in each of the other five districts. There is also a renovated old slaughterhouse next to the town hall car park, which serves as the "Schlachthaus I4" youth club. The youngsters have the opportunity to play billiards or table football, to just chill and have a drink or to listen to bands performing on the small stage.
Culture
Twin cities
- Wilrijk (district of Antwerp , Belgium ) - The partnership with the Belgian, at that time still independent city (approx. 38,000 inhabitants) has existed since 1980. Since then, regular exchanges have taken place, for example bike tours are organized from one place to another. Wilrijk has been part of Antwerp since 1984, but that does not change the intensive relationships. The square in front of the Niedernhausen town hall was named after Wilrijk ; therefore the address of the municipal administration is: Wilrijkplatz (without house number).
- Ilfeld / Harz ( Thuringia ) - The connection with the then still independent Thuringian town in the Harz (3,000 inhabitants) was suggested shortly after the fall of the Wall in 1990, probably also to provide some structural aid in the east. The town partnership between Ilfeld and Wilrijk , founded on Niedernhausen's initiative, creates a friendly three-way bond. The square in front of the Niedernhausen train station has been called Ilfelder Platz since its redesign . Ilfeld has been part of the Harztor rural community since 2012 .
Rhein-Main-Theater
The nationally known Rhein-Main-Theater , located directly at the Niedernhausen motorway junction, is used for numerous international events. The house with 1,566 spectator seats, relying on parquet and two ranks distribute, was specifically for the German premiere of the musical Sunset Boulevard by Andrew Lloyd Webber built in the years 1993 to 1995, about 25 million euros. The play ran from December 1995 to August 1998, the leading roles played the well-known musical stars Uwe Kröger and Helen Schneider , and later also the actress Daniela Ziegler , but could not prevent the bankruptcy. Today changing events take place in the theater. The stop at the Ländchesbahn, built especially for the theater, was opened in 1996 and closed again in 1998 after the theater was temporarily closed.
Other venues and facilities
In addition to the Rhein-Main-Theater , there are a number of other venues in Niedernhausen. These include the Old Church Center and the “ I4 ” youth club . The Old Catholic Church on Wiesbadener Strasse threatened to fall into disrepair after the Catholic community had moved to the new building on Bahnhofstrasse . In 1980 a private association took over the heritable building lease for 99 years, placed the building under monument protection and renovated it on its own. Today the church is a venue for readings, concerts, theater performances or art exhibitions.
The youth organized for the first time at the end of the 1980s at the suggestion and with the support of the community. They were given their first place to stay in a room in the Autalhalle before the municipality bought a run-down building opposite the town hall in 1992. With a lot of initiative, the young people turned their Wiesbadener Straße 2 , called “ W2 ” for short , into a lively place. When the final demolition threatened, they advocated a move. The former butcher's shop with adjoining slaughterhouse, which was finally acquired by the community in the immediate vicinity of the town hall, was converted into a concert and event room on a voluntary basis . Today, rock concerts and parties take place in " I 4 " (for Idsteiner Straße 4 ) in addition to regular operations and several working groups (AGs).
The Autalhalle not only serves as a sports hall for the Theiss Valley School and the local clubs, but also offers space for regular trade fairs, exhibitions and other events thanks to its extendable auditorium and its flexible equipment. For example, the FDP and the Greens held their Hessian party congresses here in recent years ; the community council also meets here. In the past, the hall was also used as a "festival tent" for the Niedernhausen curb .
societies
In Niedernhausen there is a lively club life with a remarkable number of around 100 clubs and several thousand members. Many volunteers make this possible. Most of the clubs are dedicated to sports . The most successful club is SV Niedernhausen, an almost pure football club. After being promoted in 2006, the club quickly established itself in the Wiesbaden group league and is even playing for promotion. The most famous player is the former professional of 1. FSV Mainz 05, Christopher Ihm, who lives in Niedernhausen. In the sports club of Niederseelbach 1951 , football is predominantly played. The two clubs have each registered up to 18 teams in various age groups, from G youth to senior teams. Niederseelbach played at times in the Wiesbaden regional league, currently in the "A-Class Rheingau-Taunus". The department volleyball of SV Niederseelbach existed since 1981. In addition, the offers SV Niederseelbach still a running club and Nordic walking on.
The gymnastics community in 1896 Niedernhausen , with around 1,000 active members, the club with the largest number of members in the community, the gymnastics and sports club Königshofen 1898 , the gymnastics and sports club Engenhahn 1977 and the gymnastics community 1899 Oberjosbach offer mass sports . The first two each have an athletics and a gymnastics department , which regularly take part in competitions, including the German gymnastics festivals and the Hessian regional gymnastics festivals. All four each have their own club house and a training ground. The TG Niedernhausen also operates over a wide Basketball Department, which included temporarily over 10 teams; the first men’s and first women’s teams each play in the district class A.
The DLRG local association Niedernhausen e. V. , with around 150 members, also uses the forest swimming pool for training swimmers and lifeguards. There is a lot of youth work and also the possibility of further training in first aid.
The tennis club Niedernhausen has around 400 members on 9 open-air courts (clay) and 3 indoor courts. There are also several squash fields in the tennis hall . The Aikidō Club with around 130 members, which is committed to the Japanese art of self-defense, deserves attention . Also worth mentioning is the riding and driving community. V., Niedernhausen / Ts. (IRFN). In addition to the stables, the club's own riding facility at the Hahnwald has a dressage arena, a jumping arena and a riding hall.
The ski club Niedernhausen with around 600 members, the Kerbegesellschaft Veilchenblau Oberjosbach and the Kerbeborsch Königshofen with around 130 members also have a large number of members. Furthermore, the Kerbeverein Niederseelbach , the Schäfersberg team , which organizes various events in the new Schäfersberg area , including the Schäfersbergfest , as well as the men's choirs Frohsinn 1875 Engenhahn , 1873 Niedernhausen , Eintracht 1885 Niederseelbach and the fire brigade clubs of the individual districts. In the smallest district, for example, the Oberseelbach Heimat und Kulturverein is concerned with preserving the baking tradition, the cultural community and the preservation of the natural heritage.
The shooting club Königshofen 1959 e. V. with around 200 members can call their own shooting range building with 10 × 10-m air rifle ranges as well as 10 × 25-m and 6 × 50-m ranges.
The vocal ensemble Le Courage e. V . is a pure women's choir of supraregional importance. It was founded in 1977 by music director Wolfgang Diefenbach and was headed by him until 2010. The choir currently has around 55 active singers between the ages of 14 and 75. There are a number of recordings , the ensemble has won 36 victories in regional and international choir competitions and was awarded 1st place in the Hessian choir competition.
Regular events
The following regular events take place in Niedernhausen (selection):
- Gickellauf Engenhahn (established forest run and family festival, third Sunday in September)
- Community shooting (shooting club Königshofen, mid-November)
- Wine Festival Niedernhausen (Wilrikplatz)
- Tent notch Königshofen (Königshofen fairground, third weekend in August)
- Oberjosbacher Curb (community center Oberjosbach)
- Sport-game-fun Oberjosbach (Jahnhalle, beginning of September)
- Christmas market in Niedernhausen (Wilrijkplatz and Bahnhofstraße, first weekend in Advent)
- Exhibition Form-Image-Color (Autalhalle)
- Orchid show (Autalhalle)
- Commercial exhibition (Autalhalle)
- SV Niedernhausen matches on the artificial turf in the Autalarena
- Large dressage and jumping tournament (Niedernhausen riding arena)
- Midsummer night festival of the Niedernhausen fire brigade (Im Hammergrund)
- Cider market (Wilrijkplatz), end of August
Attractions
Theiss valley bridge
One of the community's landmarks is the Theiss valley bridge, built between 1937 and 1939 (part of the federal motorway 3 ), which spans the narrow Theiss valley with 16 arches over a length of 500 m and a maximum height of 46 m . In parallel to it, a bridge on the new ICE line Cologne-Rhine / Main with similar dimensions was built in the 1990s . The motif of the arches of the Theiss valley bridge is used as a symbol by the municipal administration and some associations.
Other structures
Evangelical Christ Church, built 1904–1905 by architect Ludwig Hofmann, with Art Nouveau elements. Organ (14 / II / P) by Fritz Weigle 1914.
Evangelical St. John's Church
The Johanneskirche in Niederseelbach has been the religious and spiritual center of the Seelbacher Grund since the Middle Ages . It is the most valuable historical building in the entire community of Niedernhausen. When the building was built is unknown, but there must have been a previous building when the parish was founded around 1220 by the Counts of Nassau . The fact that the church is a bit away from the village center of Niederseelbach could indicate that it was built as a field church, as was common in the Carolingian era around 800. The church is a simple building with a single nave , flat-roofed church space and a choir . The tower, which has an underground vault, is attached to the north side. Some projections on the walls as well as the choir point to the former Gothic pointed arch vault . The nave is likely to date from the 15th century. The tower received its Welsche Haube in 1790.
Catholic churches
The church of St. Michael in Oberjosbach goes back to the establishment of the parish of Oberjosbach in 1196. However, the church was destroyed several times and rebuilt in 1321, 1728 and finally in 1949.
The church of St. Martha in Engenhahn was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1890/1891 after the Catholic residents were separated from the parish of Oberjosbach in 1888 and assigned to that of Idstein.
The old Catholic church in Niedernhausen was consecrated in 1885 after the Catholics of the aspiring community no longer wanted to travel the long way to Oberjosbach. After the so-called chapel dispute over Königshof's financial participation in the church, the congregation of Mary's Birth was finally founded on October 1, 1904 , which the Bishop of Limburg an der Lahn elevated to a parish on May 1, 1921. After the construction of the new church in Bahnhofstrasse in 1960, the building now serves as a cultural center. The parish has been called Maria Queen since the move to the new church .
Historic town halls and school buildings
There are historical town halls in the districts of Oberjosbach and Engenhahn. The town hall of Engenhahn was built around 1768, served as a school from 1820 and later housed the municipal administration until 1977. The building, like the old back house (" Backes ") in Oberseelbach, is a listed half-timbered house .
The town hall in Niedernhausen, which today serves as the seat of the municipal council, was originally a school building built in 1903, which also housed the mayor's office. In 1981 it was expanded into a representative building and is now another landmark of the municipality.
Other historical buildings
The old Gasthaus zum Anker near the town hall, built towards the end of the 17th century, had an eventful history behind it. From 1734 it was an inn. It was also a listed building, but was recently threatened with decay and was then torn down on February 23, 2008.
In Königshofen, the old engine shed and the old water tower still bear witness to Niedernhausen's time as a railway stronghold. Also worth seeing are the Wilhelminian style villas on the Schöne Aussicht , which still give an impression of Niedernhausen's time as a climatic health resort .
nature
The largely wooded Rhein-Taunus Nature Park is located in the municipality and in some cases borders directly on the residential buildings. The ridge between the Niederseelbach - Engenhahn line and the parallel local recreation and nature reserve Theiss Valley of Niedernhausen is particularly attractive . The highest point here is the Hohe Kanzel at 592 m above sea level. NN . A valley runs through the municipality from west to east, on the slopes of which the Niedernhausen residential buildings extend. In Oberjosbach there is a 500-year-old oak , north of Niedernhausen, on the Eselskopf there are some bizarre rock formations in the middle of the forest (" hollow stone ").
Personalities
- Curt Mahr (1907–1978), composer and accordionist, lived in Niedernhausen until his death
- Wim Thoelke (1927–1995), show master, lived in Engenhahn until his death and is buried in the local cemetery
- Peter Weck (* 1930), director, theater manager, stage and film actor
- Helen Schneider (* 1952), singer and actress
- Gert Scobel (* 1959), journalist and television presenter, lives in Engenhahn
- Susanne Fröhlich (* 1962), author and radio presenter at Hessischer Rundfunk , lived temporarily in Engenhahn
- Lais Franzen (* 1968) juggler, artist, model and show barkeeper, lives in Niedernhausen
- Jens Keller (* 1970), former soccer player, lived in Niedernhausen until 2007
- Jens Zemke , sporting director of a Pro Tour racing team
- Ebby Thust , German boxing promoter, made famous by the blackmail affair surrounding Steffi Graf's father . He lived in Niedernhausen for a long time.
- Otto Doderer , 1892–1962, literary critic and writer, lived in Niedernhausen, Idsteiner Strasse until his death
- Georg Stern , 1921–1980, opera singer, lived in Niedernhausen, Goethestrasse, until his death.
- La Jana , 1905–1940, dancer and actress. Henriette Hiebel's mother and sister lived in Niedernhausen / Ts., Schöne Aussicht.
- Alexander Müller (* 1969), German politician (FDP), member of the Bundestag, lives in Niedernhausen
- Karl-Otto Apel , 1922–2017, philosopher and professor at the Goethe University , last lived in Niedernhausen
literature
- Heinz Hirt: 1877–2002: 125 years of the Main-Lahn-Bahn Höchst-Limburg . Eppstein (Taunus) 2002, ISBN 3-00-010714-2 .
- Karl Leiner: Panorama Niedernhausen - a picture of culture and life over the course of seven centuries , Niedernhausen 1977
- Adolf Tham: Local history of Niedernhausen . published by the community council of the community of Niedernhausen, issues 1 to 4, 1986–1989.
- Festschrift 700 years of Niedernhausen-Königshofen . 1983.
- Irmtraud Pöllmann: Welcome to Niedernhausen , Königshöfer Dorrebäcker e. V., 2009
- Friedhelm Gerecke: "Historicism, Art Nouveau, Heimatstil ..." Petersberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-86568-458-5
- Literature about Niedernhausen in the Hessian Bibliography
- Literature by and about Niedernhausen in the catalog of the German National Library
Web links
- Website of the community of Niedernhausen
- Niedernhausen, Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Link catalog on the subject of Niedernhausen at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ a b Biggest purchasing power in Niedernhausen and Schlangenbad. New purchasing power indicators in the district of the Wiesbaden Chamber of Commerce. (No longer available online.) Wiesbaden Chamber of Commerce and Industry, archived from the original on May 18, 2015 ; Retrieved May 3, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 370 and 371 .
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Rheingau district and the Untertaunus district (GVBl. II 330-30) of June 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 312 , §§ 6 and 13 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
- ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
- ^ Niedernhausen voter community ( voter group )
- ↑ The Niedernhausen Open List appeared for the first time in the 2011 local elections and was mainly composed of former CDU members.
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Election results 2011 and 2006
- ^ Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt: Election results 2001 and 1997
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: direct elections in Niedernhausen
- ^ Approval of a coat of arms of the community of Niedernhausen Rhein-Taunus-Kreis dated February 24, 1978 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1978 No. 11 , p. 548 , point 345 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5,6 MB ]).
- ^ Approval of a flag for the community of Niedernhausen, Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis from April 27, 1979 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1979 No. 21 , p. 1085 , point 564 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.8 MB ]).
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