Media in Berlin
Berlin is one of the media centers with the highest turnover in Germany and Europe. The Berlin media landscape includes a wide range of television channels, radio stations, publishing houses, film companies, music labels, print media, advertising agencies, producers of computer games, media services and Internet media.
history
1600-1900
Berlin can look back on 400 years of press history and is therefore one of the pioneers in the industry. A copy from the year 1617 of the oldest printed news paper published for Berlin, the Frischmann-Zeitung , has been preserved.
The Königlich Privilegirte Berlinische Zeitung von Staats- und Schehrten Dinge , which had been in circulation since 1785 , later became the Vossische Zeitung and was the longest continuously published daily in Berlin until it was closed in 1934.
Leopold Ullstein founded Ullstein Verlag in 1877 after having acquired the Neue Berliner Tagblatt , the associated Stahl und Assmann printing company and the Berliner Zeitung . In 1894 Ullstein bought the Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung , founded in 1892 , which he developed into the most important German weekly newspaper .
In 1895, the Skladanowsky brothers showed short films on a dissolve projector in Germany for the first time in the Wintergarten Palace in Berlin.
The Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft was founded in 1898 and relocated to Berlin in 1917. It is currently (as of 2020) the oldest record label or recording company in the world.
Since 1900
The Telefunken Gesellschaft für wireless Telegraphie mbH was founded in Berlin in 1903. As a radio and communications engineering company, the company built transmitting and receiving devices for radio as well as wireless and wired transmission technology .
In 1905, 59 newspapers and magazines appeared in Berlin. The best known appeared in the morning and evening editions. But there was also the BZ at noon or the night edition of the National-Zeitung at the time of the Reichstag debates.
Number of copies of individual sheets 1905: Berliner Lokal-Anzeiger (more than 200,000 copies), Berliner Morgenpost (more than 300,000 copies) and Berliner Tageblatt (more than 90,000 copies).
The Universum Film AG (UFA) was founded in Berlin in 1917 as an association of private film companies. In the period that followed, film studios were set up in Babelsberg and Berlin-Tempelhof .
On March 22, 1935, the world's first regular television program in Germany was broadcast live on the Paul Nipkow television station in Berlin. Operation was initially limited to around two hours in the evening on three days of the week.
With the Z3, Konrad Zuse developed the world's first fully functional, fully automatic and freely programmable computer in 1941 .
From 1956 to 1990 the radio of the GDR had its seat in the Funkhaus Nalepastraße (district Oberschöneweide ).
Newspapers
Daily and weekly newspapers
Berlin is the city in Germany with the largest number of daily newspapers . The largest subscription newspapers are Der Tagesspiegel ( Dieter von Holtzbrinck Medien ) and the Berliner Zeitung ( Berliner Verlag ). This is followed by the Berliner Morgenpost ( Funke media group ).
National daily newspapers from Berlin are Die Welt ( Axel-Springer-Verlag ), as well as the daily newspapers , Neues Deutschland and Junge Welt, which appear independently of major publishers . In addition, the tabloids B.Z. , which are only sold individually, appear. and Bild Berlin (both Axel Springer) and the Berliner Kurier (Berliner Verlag).
The ten best-selling daily newspapers in Berlin between 2014 and 2016: BZ 100,379 copies, Berliner Zeitung 85,083, Der Tagesspiegel 81,363, Berliner Morgenpost 73,533, Berliner Kurier 57,703, Photo 35,615, Die Welt and Die Welt Kompakt 18,807, Süddeutsche Zeitung 16,547, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 14.701, Handelsblatt 8.750.
In addition, the weekly papers Focus , der Freitag , Junge Freiheit and Jungle World as well as the bi-weekly magazines Das Blättchen and Ossietzky are published in Berlin.
All newspapers published in Berlin have websites that are updated daily. Spiegel Online and Zeit Online have large editorial offices in Berlin.
Advertising and specialty newspapers
In addition to these newspapers, a number of advertising papers appear in Berlin . a. the Berliner Abendblatt (Berliner Verlag), the Berliner Lokalnachrichten , the Berliner Woche (Funke Mediengruppe), the Gazette-Berlin , the Prenzlberg Views and others.
The monthly magazine Siegessäule , which has been published in Berlin since 1984, provides an overview of almost all events in the LGBT scene . Furthermore, blu (formerly: Sergej) has also been published monthly since 1997 .
Berlin has three regular street newspapers, mostly sold by homeless or poor people. The street sweeper appears biweekly. The Motz also appears biweekly.
The Jüdische Allgemeine and the Jewish Voice From Germany are also published in Berlin.
Magazines
In Berlin, the city magazine Tip (GCM Go City Media) appears fortnightly with the complete cinema, event, television and radio program. Der Exberliner , an English-language city magazine and Il Mitte , an Italian-language online city magazine are also produced in Berlin. There is also the free magazine [030] Magazin Berlin every two weeks. The free HIMBEER city magazine appears every two months with an extensive calendar of events for children and families. In addition, online still appear Berlin magazines such as berlinonline.de , meinberlin.de or top10berlin.de .
Well-known print magazines that are produced in Berlin are u. a. Dummy , Capital , Lettre International , Business Punk , 11 Freunde , Cicero and the 032c culture magazine.
Publishers
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Springer Nature book fair stand
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The Cornelsen publishing house
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After the turn of the millennium, Berlin replaced Munich as the German publishing capital and, with 151 publishers, had the second largest number of publishers in the world in 2016, only exceeded by New York .
- In the Berlin district of Wilmersdorf has Cornelsen publishing group headquartered. It includes the Cornelsen school publishers, which operate successfully on the education market nationwide with the Cornelsen and Duden Schulbuch brands.
- The Springer Nature is a scientific publishing group with headquarters in Berlin. It is one of the top-selling book publishers in Europe.
- The Aufbau-Verlag is a general-interest publisher of 1945 in Berlin on behalf of the Kulturbund for the democratic renewal of Germany e. V. was founded.
- The Walter de Gruyter publishing house is a science publisher founded in Berlin in 1918.
- The Suhrkamp Verlag AG is an established in 1950 publisher , who has since 2010 based in Berlin.
- The Berlin representative office of Bertelsmann AG is located in the commandant's house on Unter den Linden .
Broadcasting station
public service broadcasters
The Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg (RBB) is since 2003 public-service broadcaster for the federal states of Berlin and Brandenburg . Most of the rbb's public radio programs broadcast for the entire Berlin-Brandenburg region. The rbb operates two studios, one in Berlin-Westend (the Haus des Rundfunks ) and one in Potsdam-Babelsberg . The rbb television program had a market share of 5.5% in the regional broadcasting area in 2016. Compared with all third programs of the ARD , the station has achieved the lowest audience rating since it was founded.
In the Haus des Rundfunks, the radio program Radio Berlin and the television program Berliner Abendschau are produced especially for Berlin - in analogy to Antenne Brandenburg mit Brandenburg aktuell , which the rbb in Potsdam only produces for Brandenburg. All other programs and broadcasts of the rbb are aimed at the entire Berlin-Brandenburg region: the radio programs Inforadio and Kulturradio produced in Berlin and the Fritz and Radio Eins programs broadcast from Potsdam as well as the rbb television program .
The rbb operates its own transmitter, the Scholzplatz transmitter, which broadcasts the radio programs Inforadio , Kulturradio and Radio Berlin 88.8 , as well as Radio Cosmo , which the rbb takes over from WDR , and two private transmitters. The programs Fritz , Radio Eins and Antenne Brandenburg , however, are broadcast from the Berlin television tower . In the digital radio standard DAB + , the rbb operates a Mux with all of its own programs as well as Cosmo , Bayern 2 , BR-Klassik , SWR3 , MDR Jump and WDR 2 via the Scholzplatz and Berliner Fernsehturm broadcasters. The digital television signals ( DVB-T ) of the rbb are broadcast in simulcast mode via the Scholzplatz, Berliner Fernsehturm and Berlin-Schäferberg telecommunications tower . The programs Das Erste , rbb Fernsehen , Phoenix , tagesschau24 , Arte , NDR Fernsehen , MDR Fernsehen and hr-fernsehen are distributed in the rbb's DVB-T muxes .
The ARD capital studio is also located in Berlin , but as an ARD community facility outside of the rbb organization. The second seat of Deutschlandradio is the RIAS- Funkhaus at Hans-Rosenthal-Platz in Berlin-Schöneberg , where the program is produced by Deutschlandfunk Kultur . ZDF's Berlin studio is located on Unter den Linden in Zollernhof . In Berlin, as elsewhere in Germany, ZDF broadcasts the programs ZDF, ZDFinfo , ZDFneo / KiKA and 3sat .
Private radio broadcasters
The Berlin radio market is considered to be the most competitive in Germany due to the high number of stations. 104.6 RTL , which is part of the Radio Center Berlin , is one of the market leaders. In addition to 104.6 RTL, 105'5 Spreeradio and Jam FM also belong to the company.
Another station on the Berlin radio market is 94.3 rs2 , which broadcasts together with Berliner Rundfunk 91.4 and 98.8 Kiss FM from the Berlin media center in the Das Schloss shopping center .
Energy Berlin is aimed at younger listeners. Kiss FM and Jam FM address a similar target group and are therefore to be viewed as competitors.
Both in terms of content and music, the station Flux FM stands out with its cultural themes and indie and electronic music. Even Radio B2 offers a comprehensive program word and stands out with a music mix of oldies and German pop from the rest of private competition from. Other special interest channels are the rock channel Star FM , the Turkish-speaking Radyo Metropol FM and the Russian-speaking Radio Russkij Berlin . Power Radio, which is geared towards the Brandenburg radio market, also broadcasts from Berlin .
The Babelsberg broadcasters BB Radio and Radio Teddy , as well as Klassik Radio, can also be received in Berlin via VHF . The international radio stations that can be received in Berlin include BBC World Service and Radio France Internationale .
Number of listeners in Berlin
The following table lists the radio stations that can be received in Berlin via FM and DAB + with the respective number of listeners in some selected target groups (as of 2012).
| Radio station | Listeners 10+ | Listeners 14-49 | Listener 14-29 | Listeners 10–19 | 50+ listeners |
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| 94.3 rs2 | 94,000 | 54,000 | 11,000 | 5,000 | 38,000 |
| 98.8 KISS FM | 44,000 | 37,000 | 20,000 | 10,000 | 2,000 |
| 100.6 FluxFM | 14,000 | 13,000 | 6,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
| 104.6 RTL | 134,000 | 92,000 | 31,000 | 8,000 | 39,000 |
| 105'5 Spreeradio | 81,000 | 42,000 | 9,000 | 3,000 | 39,000 |
| Aerial Brandenburg | 69,000 | 23,000 | 8,000 | - | 47,000 |
| BB radio | 36,000 | 26,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 10,000 |
| Berliner Rundfunk 91.4 | 87,000 | 33,000 | 9,000 | 1,000 | 53,000 |
| Energy Berlin | 38,000 | 32,000 | 13,000 | 3,000 | 5,000 |
| Fritz | 44,000 | 41,000 | 21,000 | 1,000 | 3,000 |
| Info radio | 38,000 | 17,000 | 5,000 | 1,000 | 21,000 |
| JAM FM Berlin | 27,000 | 25,000 | 12,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 |
| JazzRadio 106.8 | 8,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 4,000 |
| Klassik Radio Berlin | 46,000 | 17,000 | 7,000 | - | 29,000 |
| radioeins | 73,000 | 55,000 | 16,000 | 1,000 | 17,000 |
| Radio Paradiso | 20,000 | 11,000 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 9,000 |
| Radio Teddy | 16,000 | 13,000 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 |
| rbb 88.8 | 75,000 | 17,000 | 4,000 | 2,000 | 57,000 |
| STAR FM 87.9 | 47,000 | 43,000 | 20,000 | 2,000 | 4,000 |
| sunshine live | 6,000 | 1,000 | - | - | 5,000 |
| Radio Paloma | 6,000 | 1,000 | - | - | 5,000 |
Private television channels
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Movie
Berlin is the headquarters of around 1,800 film companies that generated annual sales of around 900 million euros in 2015. The films made in cooperation with the Babelsberg Studio in Potsdam are particularly well known . With over 300 film productions annually, Berlin is the largest location for the film industry in Germany. However, since the films made in Germany are generally not very popular and have a low annual market share of 20-25% at the box office in their home market, the importance of Berlin films is also rather weak. Internationally, the films created in the city by German producers since 1990 have with few exceptions been rather unsuccessful and can hardly attract an audience.
The Medienboard Berlin-Brandenburg GmbH is a state-owned company for film promotion of the German states of Berlin and Brandenburg and contact for film and media professionals. It has a funding budget of around 30 million euros per year.
The German Film Funding Fund (DFFF) is a film funding agency based in Berlin that came into force in 2007 on the initiative of the Federal Commissioner for Culture and the Media . Starting in 2018, the DFFF and DFFF 2 will for the first time provide 125 million euros a year for the production of cinema films in Germany.
The most important institutions of the city include a. the German Film Academy , which annually awards the German Film Prize in Berlin. The European Film Academy , founded in 1988, is also based in Berlin and awards the European Film Prize every two years in the city.
Companies
- Barefoot Films
- X Films Creative Pool
- UFA in Potsdam
music
- Berlin Music Commission
- German Phono Academy
- The ECHO Pop is a German music prize for personalities and productions from the field of pop music that is awarded annually in Berlin.
Labels
- Universal Music Germany headquarters
- BPitch Control , label
- BMG Rights Management , music publisher
Internet media
Berlin's official Internet portal is www.berlin.de. As part of the application process of the Internet authority ICANN , Berlin applied for its own generic top-level domain (gTLD) in 2012, alongside other metropolises such as New York , Paris , London and Tokyo . The campaign for a .berlin domain was launched by the dotBERLIN initiative, which is supported by several companies. .Berlin has been generally available on the Internet since March 2014 .
Blogs, Podcasts and Magazines
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Some of the most popular podcast , blog and video blog producers in Germany are represented in Berlin, and their content is widely distributed. In addition, a large number of frequently clicked German-speaking Twitter, Facebook and Instagram personalities live in the city.
- Style in Berlin
- iHeartBerlin
- Start-up scene , business magazine
- T-online.de , central editorial office
- BERLIN LOVES YOU
- Berlin I love you
- With pleasure Berlin
- QIEZ.de, city magazine
Networks
- ResearchGate , social network for scientists
- SoundCloud , music platform
- Wooga , game software company
- Jodel (app) , mobile international application for students
Agencies
advertising
- ART + COM , design agency
- Art Directors Club , association of leading art directors from the advertising industry
- DDB Germany headquarters
- Home Berlin
- mc Group
- MetaDesign
- Digitas Pixelpark , advertising and digital agency
- Scholz & Friends , advertising agency
news
- German press agency (dpa) central editorial office, news agency
- Federal press conference
- Agence France-Presse , the German headquarters of the news agency from France
- Xinhua , the German headquarters of the Chinese news agency
- Bloomberg LP , American media service
- Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata (ANSA), Italian news agency
- EFE , Spanish picture and news agency
- NHK , Japanese press agency
Media technologies
Transmitters
In the urban area of Berlin there are numerous broadcast transmission systems for all wave ranges (except long wave ). In addition to the 368-meter-high Berlin television tower , from which most programs are broadcast, these are the 212-meter-high Berlin-Schäferberg telecommunications tower (transmission systems for VHF and TV), the VHF and TV transmitter Scholzplatz (230 meters high, built in 1963, guyed tubular mast) and the transmission system for medium wave , short wave and VHF from Deutschlandradio (formerly RIAS ) in Britz .
Two guyed steel truss masts with heights of 160 and 144 meters, which were erected in 1948, were used as transmission antennas for VHF and MW; the lower one was dismantled in 2012, the higher one in 2015. The 180.7 meter high, guyed steel framework mast at the Olympiastadion Berlin , the transmitter Olympiastadion , was dismantled in 2005. The antenna systems of the medium wave transmitter of the rbb in the Stallupöner Allee were dismantled in 2006. The plant consisted u. a. from a 130-meter-high steel truss mast, which was erected in 1987 and insulated from earth, and a second transmission mast, also insulated from earth, until 1998, which was erected in 1948.
The Berlin Radio Tower serves since 1973 not to distribute broadcast programs, but only as a relay station for broadcasting services, not public land mobile service and amateur radio. Until 2002 there was a transmitter in Köpenick with a 248 meter high, braced tubular steel mast insulated from the ground. This plant has since been canceled. The operation of the VHF transmitters located there was transferred to the Berlin television tower, while the MW transmitter was relocated to Zehlendorf (Oranienburg) .
Another notable radio system in the city was the Berlin-Frohnau directional radio system , which had a 358.70 meter high guyed steel framework mast that was blown up in 2009. Today there is only a 117 meter high steel lattice tower on the site of the facility.
From 1933 to 1948 Tegel was the location of the radio station for Berlin. The buildings are still standing and used by Deutsche Telekom AG for measurement purposes, while the antenna supports were dismantled in 1948. In Adlershof the central radio station the police was before the Second World War with two 120-meter-high, radiating transmitting poles. At the beginning of the 1950s, a radio telescope with a diameter of 36 meters was built in Adlershof.
Near Berlin, but on Brandenburg territory, is the broadcasting location Nauen , where Count Arco experimented with the first wireless transmissions in 1906 and at times was broadcast worldwide.
Telecommunication companies
The three largest providers of telecommunications services in the Berlin area are:
Other companies
- AVM
- Burmester Audiosysteme , premium manufacturer of consumer electronics
Media culture
Libraries
The Berlin State Library, with over ten million publications, is the largest academic universal library in the German-speaking area. Other large academic libraries are the University Library of the Free University , the University Library of the Humboldt University and the Central Library of the TU and UdK . The Berlin Art Library of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin , with its holdings of 400,000 volumes, is one of the most extensive art-historical special libraries in Germany. The America Memorial Library is part of the Central and State Library of Berlin .
Museums
The Museum for Communication Berlin is one of several locations of the Museum Foundation Post and Telecommunications and is located in the Mitte district . The Computer Games Museum Berlin was founded in 1997 and has (as of 2010) around 16,000 original game titles, around 10,000 specialist magazines and many historical home computers and console systems. It has one of the largest collections of game software and hardware in Europe. The Filmmuseum Berlin presents parts of the collection of the Deutsche Kinemathek Foundation in the Filmhaus on Potsdamer Platz .
Festivals
The International Literature Festival Berlin is a literature festival that takes place every September in Berlin . The transmediale , a festival for media art and digital culture , also takes place annually.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Leading cities in cultural globalisations / Media (English), GaWC , accessed on April 14, 2010.
- ↑ The World City of Creativity , Die Zeit from September 4, 2014, accessed on September 5, 2017.
- ↑ 400 years of Berlin as a newspaper city: How Frischmann invented the first Berlin newspaper. In: Berliner Zeitung , accessed on September 2, 2017
- ↑ books.google.de: Deutsche Grammophon
- ^ Deutsches Historisches Museum , DHM, accessed on September 4, 2017.
- ↑ Media change: Springer-Verlag sells Hamburger Abendblatt, Berliner Morgenpost, Hörzu . At: Spiegel Online , July 25, 2013
- ↑ Berlin newspaper market: BZ extends its lead, Berliner Morgenpost, Welt and FAZ lose significantly. In: Meedia , September 22, 2016
- ^ Jewish Voice From Germany. In: jewish-voice-from-germany.de. SVoice from Germany GmbH (publisher and managing director: Dr. Rafael Seligmann), accessed on March 1, 2018 .
- ↑ City magazine 'Il Mitte': Italians tell their Berlin. At: cafébabel.de , accessed on July 3, 2017.
- ↑ Tagesspiegel: Head-to-head race. May 29, 2005
- ↑ Statista: Ranking of the cities with the most publishers in Germany in 2016 , according to data from the Börsenverein
- ↑ Book report: Premiere for New York Book Week. May 25, 2010
- ↑ The World's 50 Largest Publishers, 2017. From : Publishers Weekly , accessed September 12, 2017.
- ↑ Market shares of the third television programs in their own broadcasting area from 2014 to 2017. In: Statista , accessed on October 19, 2018.
- ↑ MA 2012 Radio II, listeners per average hour, Monday to Friday, 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.
- ↑ How is Klaus Wowereit doing? In: Der Tagesspiegel , accessed on September 5, 2017.
- ↑ Increase in the German Film Funding Fund - DFFF II entered into force. At: Professional Production , accessed September 5, 2017.
- ↑ Ileana Grabitz : This is how Bertelsmann wants to become a music giant again. In: welt.de. March 3, 2013, accessed December 7, 2014 .
- ↑ dotBERLIN - The initiative for .berlin - The Original. At: dot.BERLIN . Retrieved June 15, 2012
- ↑ Dot.Berlin: That takes a long time. From: Spiegel Online , June 21, 2007, accessed June 15, 2012
- ↑ New domains: The wall falls on ".berlin". At: heise.de , March 18, 2014. Accessed June 16, 2016.
- ↑ Top 100 Twitter people in Germany, accessed on September 2, 2017.
- ↑ Style in Berlin - Berlin is a lunch city. In: Die Zeit , accessed June 17, 2017
- ↑ Lifestyle blog in Berlin iHeartBerlin is growing with the Berlin hype, In: Berliner Zeitung , accessed on June 17, 2017
- ↑ BERLIN LOVES YOU - Berlin Food, Fashion, Art, Music, Shows & Events. Retrieved January 29, 2018 (American English).
- ↑ Berlin ick liebe dir - A Berlin blog for Berlin lovers. Retrieved January 29, 2018 (German).
- ↑ With pleasure, Berlin. Retrieved January 29, 2018 .
- ↑ https://www.qiez.de/
- ↑ News and press agencies, accessed on September 4, 2017.
- ↑ Frohnauer transmitter mast: beautifully collapsed
- ^ Historical outline of the radio town Nauen , accessed on September 3, 2017.