Elly Beinhorn

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Elly Beinhorn (1932)

Elly Maria Frida Rosemeyer-Beinhorn , born and known as Elly Beinhorn , sometimes also Elli Beinhorn (born May 30, 1907 in Hanover ; † November 28, 2007 in Ottobrunn ), was a popular German aviator. Her autobiographical books reached a wide audience. Beinhorn grew up in the middle-class environment of Hanover. At the age of 21 she began training as a pilot in Berlin and obtained a pilot's license in 1929. She then worked as an aerobatic pilot until she made a name for herself in 1931 with a solo flight to Africa . The following year, she gained fame throughout Germany by circumnavigating the world and was awarded the Hindenburg Cup . Other long-haul flights followed, and in the mid-1930s, Beinhorn set several records, such as flying over three continents in one day. In 1936 she married the well-known racing driver Bernd Rosemeyer , who died in an accident two years later. After the Second World War, she renewed her pilot's license in 1951 . In 1979, Beinhorn ended her flying career. In 1991 she was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit, 1st class. She died at the age of 100 in a retirement home near Munich.

life and career

childhood and education

Elly Beinhorn was the only child of Henry Beinhorn, a merchant who ran a hat shop in Hanover, and his wife Auguste Boit. In her autobiographies, Beinhorn later described the fact that she had been an only child as the origin of her desire for a career as an aviator. According to her, the fact that she grew up in the cramped city of Hanover also contributed significantly to this. Beinhorn spent her childhood in a sheltered, middle-class environment. She first attended the Stadttöchterschule , then the Schillerlyzeum in Hanover. There she reached the primary level, but left before graduating from high school.

After finishing school, Beinhorn's future plans initially remained vague, but she was already drawn into the distance. At the age of sixteen she applied unsuccessfully to the Hagenbeck Zoo and the UFA to take part in animal catching and film expeditions. In autumn 1928 she attended a lecture by the aviator Hermann Köhl , who reported on his non-stop crossing of the North Atlantic. Then Beinhorn made the decision to become a pilot. The next day she asked the Hanoverian Aeroclub to be accepted as a student pilot . Club President Homburg declined, however, because he did not expect female pilots to have any professional chances of success.

Beinhorn then applied to Deutsche Luftfahrt GmbH in Berlin and was finally accepted, despite similar concerns. She paid the 2000 Reichsmark training fees from her savings and started training against the resistance of her parents. She left her parents' home at the age of 21 and moved into a room in Spandau . The flight lessons took place at the Berlin-Staaken airfield . Your flight instructor was Otto Rudolf Thomsen (April 14, 1895 - September 14, 1960), who also taught Hanna Reitsch and Wernher von Braun . On November 2, 1928, Beinhorn sat at the control stick of an airplane for the first time , a Klemm L 20 . She later described this first flight as not very impressive, in contrast to her first solo flight a few weeks later, which opened the door to a "newly given world" for her.

On June 4, 1929, Beinhorn completed his training with the A certificate . Then she took the aerobatics license II from Robert Ritter von Greim at the Würzburg Aviation School in order to control her machines more safely and to develop a new source of income. With the later acquisition of the A1 certificate for sea flight, the B1 certificate and a blind flight training, she perfected her flight skills.

Career as an aerobatic pilot

Since Beinhorn thought it safer to fly with her own aircraft, she bought a Messerschmitt M23b in installments and had her first day of flying in Königsberg . There she met her future friend and sponsor Ernst Udet . She then took part in other flight days, mainly at the airports of major German cities. As a special attraction, it showed the looping forward . Within a year she made a name for herself as an aerobatic pilot, so that she had a financial livelihood from her fees, plus income from advertising and courier flights. At the beginning of 1930, through Thomsen's mediation, she undertook her first international flight, on which she transported the tailcoat of a large Scandinavian industrialist from Berlin to Rome. Through this bizarre and dramatic flight, during which she had to complete an alpine emergency landing, her name appeared for the first time in the German press and contributed to her increasing popularity.

In June 1930 the first German women's aerobatic championship took place in Bonn-Hangelar . Beinhorn had not read the regulations correctly and did not perform the figures properly. As a result, she had to hand over the title to Liesel Bach from Cologne , who was able to defend it for several years.

Through the media reports after her flight to Rome, Beinhorn got to know the Duisburg aviator Katja Heidrich . They did not have their own aircraft, but instead had an advertising contract with the Neufang-Jaenisch brewery from the Saar region, so that both began a financially rewarding collaboration. In Saarbrücken , Beinhorn, who had a passenger with her, made her first crash landing in a risky landing maneuver, in which the aircraft was seriously damaged. Both inmates were uninjured, but experience led Beinhorn to pay more attention to their limits and fly more cautiously.

First flight to Africa (1931)

In the early 1930s, Beinhorn was able to make a living from aerobatics, but her actual desire for long-haul flights initially remained unfulfilled due to a lack of opportunity. Then she found out about a planned West Africa expedition of the Austrian researcher Hugo Bernatzik and the German researcher Bernhard Struck of the Dresden Museum of Ethnology . They were looking for a pilot for the planned aerial photos and Beinhorn offered himself for this task. Bernatzik had nothing against a woman in the cockpit, but contrary to her expectations, did not contribute to the financial resources required for a new machine with floats. The president of the aviation industry Admiral Lahs finally made the D-1713 available to her, a Klemm Kl 25 la , with which Theodor Osterkamp had previously successfully participated in the 1930 European tour. Beinhorns Messerschmitt was left behind as a pledge because she could not afford the comprehensive insurance for Klemm. The costs incurred for the repair of the used machine, a tropical equipment as well as visa and entry permits exceeded Beinhorn's savings, so that she had to take out loans. Inquiries to the press for advances were largely unsuccessful, as their chances of success were doubted, only the BZ at noon invested in the flight.

On January 4th, 1931, she took off on her first flight to Africa - and soon had to make a stopover with oily spark plugs on a snowfield in the Black Forest. It was only after a mechanic from the Klemm works in Böblingen had installed clean candles that she flew via Spain and Gibraltar to Rabat , Casablanca and Cape Juby . There she met the Swiss pilot Walter Mittelholzer , who gave her advice on how to continue the flight. She flew over 2000 km along the African coast to Dakar . On February 1, she arrived in Bissau , where the German representatives of the local Woermann line gave her room and board. Eight days later, Bernatzik and Beinhorn went on their first sightseeing flight, which included an official visit to the governor of Bolama . In the course of the following weeks they explored the surrounding area and made the planned aerial photographs. Among other things, they flew over the Bissagos Islands several times , with Beinhorn particularly impressing the German-administered island of Bubaque .

Celebrated arrival of Beinhorn at Berlin-Tempelhof after her flight to Africa (April 1931)

To avoid the rainy season, Beinhorn left the expedition team on March 15. On the return flight to Germany, she had to make an emergency landing between Bamako and Timbuktu because of a broken oil pipeline in the Niger marshland . She was taken in by a Songhai tribe who , after initial communication difficulties, sent a messenger to Timbuktu. She spent three days in unsanitary conditions and lack of sleep. Only then did she find a French-speaking former native soldier who had been sent on her message and was able to lead her to Timbuktu. Sick and exhausted, she finally got there on foot and by boat. After a few days of recovery, she went back to the jungle with a team that included the French researcher Henri Lhote , who later became known, to recover her machine. However, they could only save the engine and instruments.

Beinhorn was brought back to Bamako in a military plane. The BZ at noon provided her with an airplane and sent Theodor Osterkamp and a BZ special reporter with the new machine to Casablanca. Beinhorn went there by train and ship. From there she left Africa with Osterkamp on April 23, over a month after her emergency landing near Timbuktu. After an emergency landing between Sidi bel Abbès and Oran because of unclean fuel, they finally arrived in Rome. Beinhorn flew back to Germany alone via Vienna, where she was received by an air squadron and landed in Berlin on April 29, 1931. Due to the large report of the Berliner Zeitung and subsequent publications, Beinhorn suddenly became a national celebrity.

Solo flight around the world (1932)

After the Africa flight, Beinhorn spent six months preparing for her next project - a solo trip around the world . She lectured, gave interviews, and provided photo reports to help settle her debts and finance the scheduled flight. She also took part in the 1931 flight to Germany . Their departure was delayed considerably because the USSR , which was on their preferred route, refused to permit overflight. In the end, she decided to fly through the Balkans instead .

On the morning of December 4, 1931, Beinhorn set off from Berlin-Staaken for India. She flew with the D-2160, an open Klemm Kl 26 with an 80-hp Argus engine . She arrived in Istanbul via Wroclaw , Budapest , Belgrade and Sofia and explored the city. Then she crossed the Bosphorus and the Gulf of Alexandretta . Because of a storm, she had to make an emergency landing in Syria and made a night flight to Aleppo , where her aircraft was repaired by French military pilots. She flew along the Euphrates over salt deserts and landed five hours later in Baghdad . There she was received by the Consul General Litten, who made various recommendations for her, which were important for her progress, especially due to Beinhorn's lack of linguistic communication options. She then flew over Basra in the direction of Buschir , but had to make an emergency landing shortly before arriving at Bandar Dilama on the north coast of the Persian Gulf because the carburetor and fuel lines were blocked. Due to a lack of communication opportunities, she could not explain her delay, which led to speculation in the press that she was injured and missing. Instead, she arrived unscathed in a post bus in Buschir.

In Buschir she met the US aviator Moye Stephens and the travel writer Richard Halliburton , who were also on a world tour. They helped her repair the engine and flew off with her. They met again in Karachi and agreed to spend Christmas together in Delhi . Beinhorn stayed in Delhi for six days and took a trip to the Taj Mahal . On December 31, 1931, after a flight over Allahabad , she arrived in Calcutta and spent New Year's Eve in the German Club there. She hoped to meet Marga von Etzdorf in Calcutta , who was on the return flight from her Berlin – Tokyo trip. This did not happen, however, because Etzdorf was held up in China because of political unrest due to the Manchurian crisis . While waiting, Beinhorn took part in an air show in honor of the Maharajah of Nepal and met prominent aviators like the Australian Charles Kingsford Smith , who told her about Australia . Beinhorn began to consider canceling the planned flight via Tokyo due to the uncertain political situation and instead to travel via Australia. However, she was concerned that such a long stretch of sea with her small machine posed a risk. Together with Stephens and Halliburton, she first flew to the Himalayas and fulfilled the long-cherished dream of a flight to Mount Everest .

Most important stops on Elly Beinhorn's circumnavigation of the world (1932)

Beinhorn finally reached Bangkok via the primeval forests of southern Burma . At the suggestion of Prince Rangsit , she was introduced to the Siamese royal couple there. She spent a week in Siam , which impressed her very much and compared it in her autobiography to a “trip to wonderland” dreamed up in childhood. She then flew on to the southeast via Alor Setar to Singapore , where she had her engine checked by the Royal Air Force . Singapore appeared to her as an ideal mixture of the advantages of Europe and the tropics. There she met again on Stephens and Halliburton, with whom she had covered a total of over 10,000 kilometers. Here, however, they finally parted ways after the two men left for Borneo and the Philippines , while Elly Beinhorn flew on to the Sunda Islands . On this flight she crossed the equator for the first time .

Beinhorn's arrival in Java coincided with the rainy season , which caused her problems mainly due to the high humidity. First she landed in Batavia . She was invited to numerous receptions, gave lectures and toured the area, including a cinchona tree plantation . She also spoke to other pilots about her plans to fly over the Timor Sea , which met with great skepticism, as her machine was too fragile and weak for it. However, she stuck to the project and received useful maps and information. Then she flew on to Soerabaya and took a trip to Bali for several days by steamer . Here, on the suggestion of Victor von Plessen , she visited the artist Walter Spies , who lived with his cousin Konrad in Ubud . When Beinhorn went on a bathing excursion with Konrad Spies, a tragic accident occurred. He was attacked by a shark or barracuda in their presence and died shortly after in hospital. This experience burdened Beinhorn for several months and overshadowed the further journey.

Beinhorn flew via Soerabaya to Bima on the island of Sumbawa , where she got caught in a strong tropical thunderstorm. In Koepang , Timor , she lived in a government rest house and made final preparations for her flight to Australia. The rain-soaked ground worried her, but the start went smoothly. The flight over the Timor Sea should take seven hours. In order to improve her chances of rescue in an emergency landing, she was escorted by three English seaplanes, but, unlike them, stayed closer to the coast. Without incident, they arrived in Darwin on March 22, 1932 , where they were received by an enthusiastic audience. Two days later, Beinhorn flew on towards Sydney . She found the flight conditions in Australia to be almost ideal, as the routes were lined with regular emergency landing sites and artificial wells. After stopping at a cattle ranch in Newcastle Waters , she flew five days further east over the bush , over Cloncurry and Longreach , until she finally spent Easter in Charleville . Shortly before Brisbane, she was greeted by a squadron from the Aero Club. After they landed, there were numerous receptions, radio and film interviews, requests for lectures and processing of extensive mail. She then flew six hours on the Pacific coast to Sydney, where she arrived on April 2nd. An honor squadron, to which Kingsford Smith belonged, received them at the recently inaugurated Sydney Harbor Bridge . Here, too, she was solemnly welcomed, interviewed by the media and invited to receptions. According to her autobiography, Beinhorn found this program to be more of a strenuous duty, especially giving frequent speeches. However, she emphasizes the kindness and hospitality of the Australians and describes Sydney as one of the most beautiful cities she has ever seen.

Beinhorn spent almost a month in Sydney, where he organized the onward journey across the South Pacific to South America . This distance was too far for the single-motor Klemm. So it was dismantled and taken to New Zealand on a ship . There she was reloaded to begin her journey across the Pacific . Beinhorn gave a speech in Masterton and was the first woman to be made an honorary member of the New Zealand Aero Club. From Wellington she took the Ionic tourist ship to Panama . The crossing took about a month and was only interrupted by a stop at Pitcairn . After arriving in Balboa , she learned that it was not possible to continue flying from there because there was no airfield and no gasoline along the entire 2000 km of the South American west coast. In addition, the coast was characterized by mountain slopes covered with jungle that sloped steeply into the sea, which made emergency landings almost impossible. Beinhorn first drove to Colón , where she found support on a US military airfield. Her aircraft was rebuilt and fitted with six additional tanks that should allow her to fly for eleven hours. In return, however, she had to leave a large part of her luggage behind. She also learned of an inland emergency landing site near Cali in Colombia . Orienting herself along the radio stations of Pan American-Grace Airways , she finally arrived as the first sport aviator on this landing site at an altitude of 1000 meters. From there she flew on to Trujillo in Peru and visited the ruins of Chan Chan . In Lima she was received as a guest of honor by the Peruvian President Sánchez Cerro . According to Beinhorn, Cerro asked them to take him on their onward flight because he felt unpopular and threatened in his office. She refused, completely surprised, as it was not possible for her to carry a passenger for technical reasons. Before her departure in June 1932, the Minister of Aviation, Beinhorn, awarded the Peruvian Aviator's Cross. She later learned of Cerro's murder the following year.

From Lima, Beinhorn flew on to Chile , first via Arica and Ovalle to Santiago , where she was again warmly welcomed and invited to receptions. At that time, Chile was in an economic crisis and there was political chaos . Due to the change of government, Beinhorn was forced to obtain three new permits for her onward flight. She used the time for filming and photo shoots with which she wanted to illustrate her lectures and prepared for her difficult flight over the Andes . The pass that Beinhorn wanted to approach was at an altitude of 4800 m. In order to be able to climb so high with the clamp, it had to leave more ballast behind. The luggage should be forwarded to her by a transport plane. She also had the aircraft equipped with an oxygen device. The distance to Mendoza in Argentina was about 250 km and Beinhorn hoped to cover it in two hours. At the top of the pass it got into a dangerous updraft , but finally arrived safely. Heavy sandstorms delayed her onward journey by a day and she had to make an emergency landing in Junín because of a brittle cylinder head gasket . After examining the damage, she just added oil and flew to Buenos Aires to do the repairs.

In the Argentine capital she was once again received with all honors. From there, Beinhorn initially wanted to fly to Rio de Janeiro and then take a ship to Europe. However, bad weather forced them to dismantle the Klemm and go on board in Argentina. On July 1st, she took the Cape North to Rio de Janeiro. There the Condor Syndicate provided her with a plane with which she could fly ahead to Salvador da Bahia , which was the last international stop on her world tour. During the three-week crossing that followed, Beinhorn wrote what would later become her bestseller A Girl Flies Around the World , in which she processed her experiences. Then the Cape North docked in Bremerhaven , where she was greeted by a crowd. Marga von Etzdorf was also on the welcoming committee and congratulated her on returning with an undamaged machine. On July 26, 1932, Beinhorn flew with the reassembled Klemm first to the reception in Hanover and finally back to the starting point of their trip, Berlin.

Beinhorn's joy over the successful circumnavigation of the world was overshadowed by the news that her debts had in the meantime totaled 16,000 Reichsmarks. This problem could have ended her career as an independent aviator. However, it was solved by Paul von Hindenburg , who awarded her the Hindenburg Cup, endowed with 10,000 Reichsmarks, for the best sport aviation performance . The Reichsverband der Deutschen Flugzeugindustrie took over the remaining sum so that Beinhorn could implement her further flight plans.

Second flight to Africa: Transafrikana (1933)

Elly Beinhorn 1933

Its great popularity after the world flight made it easier for Beinhorn to finance the following flights. With lectures, travel reports and her films and photos, she earned the necessary travel capital within a few months, and a new aircraft was made available to her. This was the experimental He 71 model , which Heinkel had specially designed for this flight, a small machine with a seat and a closed cabin. In the summer of 1933, she set out on a circumnavigation of Africa. From Berlin she wanted to fly to Cairo via Constantinople and Aleppo , and then, along the Nile , via Khartoum to Juba , and finally via Nairobi and Johannesburg to Cape Town .

Beinhorn, who had learned of Etzdorf's death through a telegram during the flight, ran into additional problems due to the bureaucratism of the colonial administrations in Africa. For example, women were forbidden to fly over Sudan without a male escort . After her objections went unnoticed, she joined two Englishmen who officially took over her protection. However, when they had to make an emergency landing en route, Beinhorn flew on alone - after having determined that they were not in danger and that only one tire had burst. In Juba, however, she was detained - no onward flight without an escort. As an unaccompanied woman, she was again not allowed to fly back to the two Englishmen and bring them a hose. Finally she got a special permit from the British colonial administration and was able to continue and complete the flight as planned. In total, she covered around 28,000 kilometers.

She described her experiences on this flight in the book Berlin – Cape Town – Berlin , which was published in 1939 in the German Soldier Library series by the military publisher Karl Siegismund.

America trip (1934)

Elly Beinhorn now had a much faster Klemm Kl 32 with a 160 HP Siemens Sh 14a engine, cabin and three seats, one of which she replaced with an additional tank. She wanted to visit the historic Maya cities on the Yucatán Peninsula in Central America . A flight there alone would not have been worth it, which is why she combined this trip with a visit to the USA .

She traveled on the Portland steamer in the direction of the Panama Canal . There she contacted the commander of the US air force base, Major Brereton , who assured her support. During the reconstruction of the Klemm, irregularities on the propeller became apparent, which were only poorly resolved. However, Beinhorn got so serious problems on the way to Costa Rica that she had to make an emergency landing in San José. She flew to Guatemala on a transport plane . After a detour to Chichicastenango , where she found out about the descendants of the Mayas, she picked up the newly ordered propeller and flew with the Klemm to Mérida . There she gave a welcoming address on the radio and was given a Pullmann car by the governor , which took her and her companions to Dzitas , from where they finally drove to Chichén Itzá . Beinhorn, who preferred to explore the Mayan ruins on her own, sent her companions back and spent several weeks alone on the site. In her autobiography, she emphasizes that she was glad that mass tourism had not yet arrived when she arrived.

Then Beinhorn flew to the United States. In Los Angeles she met Moye Stephen again, with whom she had flown for some time at the beginning of her world flight. She spent several weeks in California, where she lived with Stephen's family, among others. Then she visited Amelia Earhart in Kansas , Jimmy Doolittle and other acquaintances. In the north of the States she gave numerous lectures and showed her films. She accepted an invitation from the pilots of the Ninety Nines to talk and fly together. Together with Thea Rasche she finally took the steamboat back to Germany.

Record flight over two continents in 24 hours (1935)

The Messerschmitt Bf 108 B “Taifun” from the Lufthansa Berlin Foundation

During her stay in the United States, Beinhorn also visited several aircraft factories and was impressed with the state of the art there. The comfortable US travel machines seemed to her to be far better suited for long-haul flights and advertising purposes than her previous Klemm aircraft . When she expressed these considerations in Germany, she was referred to the newly developed Bf 108 (from 1938: Messerschmitt Bf 108 ) of the Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFW). She went to the BFW to Augsburg , the machine took in appearances and made a test flight. The benefits in terms of air-cooled Hirth - eight-cylinder engine , up to 300  h km / allowed the retractable landing gear and the four seats they convinced immediately. She borrowed the machine for a flight to London and made the decision to take it on another trip. She came up with the idea of ​​a record flight that would put the hitherto unknown Bf 108 in the center of public interest . She also thought of a new name that spoke for speed and named the machine "Taifun". Later the name found general use for all Bf 108s. Before the war, Beinhorn flew seven or eight machines of the type, switching to the latest model each time.

Beinhorn submitted her plan for the record attempt to the BFW board, which after a few objections finally agreed. She wanted to fly from Germany to Asia and back within 24 hours . She chose the city of Gliwice in Upper Silesia as a starting point in order to keep the flight distance to the Asian side of the Bosporus as short as possible. It took off on August 13, 1935 at 3:40 a.m. and flew in thick ground fog as far as the Hungarian Puszta until it finally saw the city of Hajdúnánás . Then it flew over the Transylvanian Alps . At 6 a.m. she had already crossed five countries. Via Istanbul she reached the turning point of her journey, Haidar-Pascha , at 9:20 a.m. , but there was no possibility of landing, so that her arrival there was only certified and telegraphed by a Turkish major .

On the way back, Beinhorn landed 14 minutes later in Yeşilköy , where she was given a festive reception. However, she turned down the offer of breakfast and flew on at 10:47 a.m., as the way back was 450 kilometers longer and a storm front over the Alps worried her. Instead, she had problems with thick clouds over the High Tatras and had to fly blind . Finally she reached Gleiwitz and after crossing a bad weather front at 6:08 p.m. Berlin-Tempelhof . She had covered a total of 3470 kilometers and set a new record.

Marriage to Bernd Rosemeyer and other long-haul flights (1935–1939)

Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer at their wedding (1936)
Bernd Rosemeyer, Elly Beinhorn and Ferdinand Porsche , 1937
Beinhorn's son Bernd Rosemeyer jun. (left) and Hans-Joachim Stuck (right), 2008

In September 1935 Elly Beinhorn visited the Masaryk Ring near Brno , where the Czechoslovak Grand Prix was held. There she met the racing driver Bernd Rosemeyer, who had just won his first victory. They soon began a relationship with each other. Rosemeyer accompanied Beinhorn on her lecture tours in Saxony and Berlin, but she avoided officially appearing as a partner at his races. While Rosemeyer was sure of their relationship and taking marriage for granted, she had doubts. Beinhorn was at the height of her career, her financial situation allowed new long-haul flights without any problems and she was allowed to fly the latest sport aircraft for test purposes. Marriage and starting a family called her flying career into question. Her parents also had reservations about the relationship with a racing driver. Bernd Rosemeyer was able to convince Beinhorn, however, and they married on July 13, 1936.

One day after the wedding, the new model of the Bf 108 "Taifun" was delivered. Beinhorn had already planned another record attempt in June, but the delayed delivery of the machine meant that it was only now able to begin test flights. At the same time, Rosemeyer was training at the Nürburgring for the German Grand Prix . Since Beinhorn's attempt to record had long been planned and known, he had agreed, but he did not like the spatial separation. Beinhorn arrived two days before his race and was officially in the audience as his wife for the first time. Rosemeyer won the German Grand Prix and in the months that followed enjoyed a continuous series of victories that made him extremely popular.

While Rosemeyer was training in Livorno , Italy , Beinhorn flew via Istanbul to Damascus . There was the starting point for her record flight, which should take her over three continents in one day. On August 6, 1936, it started at two in the morning. At sunrise she had reached Cairo , where she made a stopover. From Cairo she flew about 1000 kilometers across the Mediterranean to Athens ( Dekelia airport ). When she was about to fly from there to Berlin, a stone thrown up on the tarmac tore her rudder away. Deutsche Lufthansa technicians repaired the damage and Beinhorn was able to continue her flight as planned. After 3750 kilometers, she landed safely at Berlin-Tempelhof Airport in the evening .

As Rosemeyer's start at the South African Grand Prix was imminent, Beinhorn offered to take him there on her machine. The Auto Union agreed and so the couple flew in eight daily stages of Johannesburg , interrupted by trips to the African bush. After Rosemeyer had completed another race in Cape Town , they used the rest of their stay as a belated honeymoon. They visited friends in Windhoek , South West African farms and Victoria Falls . Fighting technical problems, such as a crack in the propeller and a broken tail wheel, they flew via Nairobi , Juba , Khartoum to Cairo , where their propellers were replaced and they started their return flight via Athens and Saloniki . After an emergency landing near Budapest , Beinhorn had to land in Dresden due to fog . Rosemeyer drove up by train, so that she finally arrived in Berlin alone.

Rosemeyer took a liking to flying, took flying lessons and bought a Klemm Kl 35 . He subsequently took part in car races in Europe, Libya and Asia , to which Beinhorn accompanied him - already pregnant. On November 12, 1937, their son, Bernd Rosemeyer Junior , was born in Berlin (today an orthopedist in Munich).

On January 28, 1938, Rosemeyer's car was hit by a gust of cross wind while attempting to record on the Frankfurt – Darmstadt autobahn near the Langen / Mörfelden exit at a speed of about 430 km / h and overturned several times. Rosemeyer was dead on the spot.

In the following six months, Beinhorn wrote a biography about her deceased husband. The previously planned biography My husband, the racing driver. The life path of Bernd Rosemeyer was published in 1938 with 77 illustrations. “Everything essential in your life was heroic and large-scale,” she wrote in the foreword. Letters of condolence from Hitler and other Nazi figures are printed in the book, which has sold over 200,000 times. After that, she began to fly again, which, according to her own account, helped her a lot to get back into everyday life. She took on orders from Messerschmitt AG , initially a trip to Bucharest , where she retrained the pilot of a minister from Carol II on a newly purchased aircraft and met Magda Lupescu .

In 1939 Beinhorn undertook another trip to Asia while her son stayed with his paternal grandfather in Lingen. Messerschmitt had equipped her with an airplane that she was supposed to demonstrate to a maharajah in Baripada , India . She first flew to India via Basra to fulfill her mission. Then she visited friends in Siam , flew to Akyab and Rangoon , where she had to make an emergency landing on a rice field. She was denied entry to China and Japan due to the political situation. Their return flight took them via Calcutta and Bombay , Tehran , Baghdad , Turkey and Hungary to Berlin. World War II began two months after her return.

Second World War and marriage to Karl Wittmann

In autumn 1939 the Second World War began and sport flying was no longer possible. Beinhorn's Typhoon was confiscated and used as a courier machine for the Air Force . On September 26, 1941, she married the industrial clerk Karl Wittmann (1904–1976). They lived in a studio apartment at Bayernallee 10 in Berlin-Westend . On the first anniversary of the wedding, their daughter Stefanie Elly Barbara was born in Berlin.

Unlike Beate Uhse , Hanna Reitsch and Countess Schenk von Stauffenberg , Beinhorn was not an Air Force pilot. At the beginning of the war it did transfer some repaired aircraft from the workshop to the place of use. However, after the birth of her daughter and the increase in bombing raids, she stopped all aviation activities in order to be able to stay close to her children.

As the bombing of Berlin increased, Beinhorn and the children first moved to Garmisch-Partenkirchen and then in the summer of 1943 to an estate in East Prussia that belonged to a couple who were friends and was increasingly taking in more refugees. In February 1944, she learned that her apartment in Berlin had been bombed out, as a result of which many documents and mementos from her flights were lost. As the eastern front drew closer, she fled with her children and finally found new accommodation in Trossingen near the Black Forest . They lived there for the next ten years.

Post-war period and last years of life

After the Second World War, German citizens were initially prohibited from flying. When Beinhorn visited the Klippeneck glider airfield on the Swabian Alb in 1948 to observe the glider pilots, the French commander offered her a flight over the place he was managing. Although she had hardly any gliding experience - shortly before her wedding she had acquired the C-license in Grunau - she agreed immediately so that she could fly again for the first time in six years.

Elly Beinhorn with her plane at Helsinki-Malmi Airport in 1952

In the spring of 1951, Beinhorn received an offer from Switzerland to charter HB-OAM, a Piper J-3C-65 / L-4H Cub with 65 hp. In addition, she was assured that she would be able to renew her pilot's license in Bern , which was still forbidden in Germany. In Hamburg she received Shell fuel vouchers. Equipped in this way, she worked as a journalist and photographer for a magazine. The starting point of their flights was the Neuchâtel-Colombier airfield , where the Piper was parked. Her first assignment was to take a reporter to Rovigo , Italy, where he was taking photos of floods. She was then sent to Benghazi , where the first German foreign broadcaster after the war had been set up in a civil labor camp. So Beinhorn was able to fly to Africa again for the first time in 14 years. First she flew to Rome, where her visa was issued, then via Sicily. Off Africa it lost a lot of altitude due to contaminated fuel, but made it to Cape Bon . Via Tunis it went on to Tripoli , where she accidentally landed on the US military airfield, but was then brought to the English civil airport. The last day of the flight to Benghazi worried her because after the war there were only very few intact airfields with refueling facilities on this route, her aircraft was poorly equipped and she had hardly any tools available. However, she managed to refuel at a desert airfield and to reach the destination of the trip. After she had finished researching the international broadcaster, she returned with a special permit for Mediterranean flights and was back home shortly before Christmas 1951. Then Beinhorn undertook a number of missions as a "flying reporter".

In 1954, Beinhorn moved with her children from Trossingen to Freiburg into their own house. By then, she and her second husband had separated again. At that time, Beinhorn earned her living mainly from lecture tours. She described her experiences in building a house in the book Five Rooms at Most! which was released the following year. In 1956 she received an invitation to the WDR radio broadcast Children, How Time Flies , where two people from the same professional group from different generations were introduced. Beinhorn performed together with the French pilot Jacqueline Auriol . After the broadcast, Hans Otto Wesemann (1903–1976) asked Beinhorn whether she would like to host the radio program Der Zebrastreifen with him , which ran every two weeks on WDR and answered questions about cars. She took on the task for five years until Wesemann became director of Deutsche Welle in 1961 . In the television documentary series Five rooms at most! , which was named after her book, she also stood in front of the camera and gave an introduction and explanations of the content.

When flying became possible again in Germany, Beinhorn also renewed her aerobatic license. In 1959 she took part in the 13th Powder Puff Derby and won the gold medal in the European star flight. In 1963 she was first in the women's category in the European flight and second in the Alpine star flight.

In 1979, the then 72-year-old Beinhorn gave up her pilot's license voluntarily. Most recently she lived in a retirement home near Munich. She celebrated her 100th birthday there on May 30, 2007 with a small family, and was given the opportunity to take a plane from Oberschleissheim airfield into the air. The Association of German Women Pilots (VDP), of which she was one of the founding members in 1968, enabled the half-hour sightseeing flight over the foothills of the Alps.

death

The grave of Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer in the Dahlem forest cemetery

Elly Beinhorn died on November 28, 2007 at the age of 100. The funeral service took place on December 1, 2007 in Munich. She is buried in Berlin at the Dahlem forest cemetery next to her first husband Bernd Rosemeyer.

Act

Sporting successes

Beinhorn's greatest successes, which established its popularity, were the long-haul flights. These include her solo flight over 7,000 km to Africa (1931), the circumnavigation of the world over approx. 31,000 km (1932) and her record flights over two or three continents in 24 hours (1935, 1936).

In addition, she was active as an aerobatic pilot and in flight competitions. In 1956 she won class 3 in the Germany flight and in 1959 she won a gold medal in the European star flight.

Beinhorn's flying career was also noteworthy in that it advanced into a male domain. Because of her gender, she often encountered prejudice and resistance, especially at the beginning of her sporting career. At some of the stops on her travels, she was the first German to land there. In 1930 there were only 21 female pilots in Germany.

Publications

In December 1932 Beinhorn published her first book A Girl Flies Around the World , in which she described her experiences during the circumnavigation in a humorous way. It was sold out in the same year and appeared in eight editions by 1939. In 1935 the English translation of Flying girl came out in Great Britain and the United States. In later autobiographies, which, however, could not build on this success, Beinhorn often adopted passages from her first work.

The book Mein Mann, der Rennfahrer , published in 1938 and last published in 2009 as a revised and expanded new edition, achieved the highest edition of her works .

Beinhorn also worked as a journalist. Before the Second World War she published sporadic articles in various German newspapers. For example, she published articles in the Rhein-Mainische Wirtschaftszeitung ( Der Flug in das Paradies , March 18, 1932), the Deutsche Zeitung ( My cultural tasks , April 23, 1933) and the Berlin newspaper Der Tag ( Southwest filled with German spirit , June 25, 1933; Why I am flying , April 6, 1933). After 1951 she worked regularly as a reporter and photographer for a magazine.

Beinhorn also made documentaries about her travels, e.g. B. With the German colonists in South West Africa (1934, 1936) and the short film 30,000 kilometers solo flight over Persia, Siam and India (1939), which was shown on January 15, 1940 in the Atrium cinema in Berlin.

Works

  • A girl flies around the world. Reimar Hobbing, Berlin 1932, DNB 572212518 .
  • 180 hours over Africa. Scherl, Berlin 1933, DNB 572212542 .
  • Flight experiences. Eduard Mager, Donauwörth 1934, DNB 578838109 .
  • Green woodpecker becomes an aviator. Career of a student pilot. Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1935, DNB 572212496 .
  • My husband the racing driver. Bernd Rosemeyer's life path. German publishing house, Berlin 1938, DNB 572212534 .
    • New editions: My husband, the racing driver. Bardtenschlager, Reutlingen 1955; Herbig, Berlin 1983, 1987, ISBN 3-7766-1456-0 .
    • New edition: Bernd Rosemeyer. My husband the racing driver. Herbig, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-7766-2598-1 .
  • Berlin – Cape Town – Berlin. My 28,000 km flight to Africa. Military publisher Karl Siegismund, Berlin 1939, DNB 57221247X .
  • I am flying around the world. Ullstein, Berlin 1952, DNB 450335674 .
  • Madlen becomes a stewardess. Youth book. German publishing house, Ullstein 1954, DNB 450335682 .
  • Five rooms at most! Schneekluth, Darmstadt 1955, DNB 450335666 .
  • One girl and five continents. Hobbing, Essen 1956, DNB 450335690 .
  • So were the fliers. Koehler, Herford 1966, DNB 456056521 .
  • Premieres in the sky. My famous fellow aviators. Langen-Müller, Munich 1991, Herbig, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-7844-2377-9 .
  • Solo flight. My life. Autobiography. Langen-Müller, Munich 1977, (first edition); Paperback edition: Heyne-Verlag, 1981, ISBN 3-453-01471-5 .

Radio and television

Beinhorn worked as a presenter for WDR, among others . She hosted the radio program Der Zebrastreifen (1956–1961) and the television documentary series Five rooms at most!

Advertising and sales

Beinhorn worked temporarily on behalf of the German aircraft manufacturers Klemm , Heinkel and Messerschmitt AG , for whose products she advertised, both through their popular flights and directly to interested customers.

In 1930, together with Katja Heidrich, Beinhorn promoted the Neufang-Jaenisch brewery in the Saar region and France and in 1931 flew at the Gildehof flight day with Vera von Bissing , as did Gerhard Fieseler next to her , for the cigarette factory Haus Bergmann in Dresden .

reception

The media reception of Elly Beinhorn mainly focuses on the recognition of her sporting successes. This applies to publications from the time of the Weimar Republic , National Socialism and after the Second World War. She is almost exclusively portrayed positively, as a courageous and deserving aviation pioneer. It is considered apolitical and, since it did not join the NSDAP during the Nazi era , not compromised.

In contrast, there are more recent publications that examine Beinhorn's relationship to National Socialist ideology. In 2002 Laurence Arthur Rickels dedicated a chapter to her in his publication Nazi Psychoanalysis - Vol. 2 . In it, he comments critically on passages from Beinhorn's works Ich fliege um die Welt and Berlin – Cape Town – Berlin , which show, among other things, their strong interest in Germans living abroad in former German colonies. In 2009 Christoph Frilling (* 1952; head of a language school for intercultural communication in business and technology ) published two books that also deal with this topic. After analyzing her bestseller A Girl Flies Around the World , he comes to the conclusion, among other things, that Beinhorn does not use the language of National Socialism , but takes a German-national, sometimes racist and chauvinist standpoint. She was not a perpetrator, but a willing follower.

In March 2014, ZDF broadcast the biographical television film Elly Beinhorn - Solo Flight by director Christine Hartmann . Vicky Krieps took the title role. The film shows Elly Beinhorn as the heroine of aviation, who asserts herself as a woman in a man's world. A reviewer for the Tagesspiegel criticized the fact that ZDF did not portray the couple's involvement in National Socialism. After all, whether they knew and wanted to or not, the couple served Nazi rule. Rosemeyer was also a member of the SS.

Honors and commemorations

Awards

  • 1932: Hindenburg Cup
  • 1932: Aviation Cross of Peru
  • 1953: Golden needle of the Aero Club Germany
  • 1970: Golden badge of the Bavarian Royal Air Sports Association
  • 1975: Pioneer chain of the wind rose
  • 1988: Bavarian Order of Merit
  • 1991: Federal Cross of Merit, First Class

Postage stamps

In 2007, a 55 euro cents memorial envelope was issued for the 100th birthday. It bears a value imprint of the Flugboot DoX stamp (Bund MiNr. 2428). On the 75th anniversary of the record flight from Germany to Istanbul and back in 1935, a 55 euro cent special postage stamp was issued on August 12, 2010 with a portrait of the aviator and a picture of the Bf 108 Taifun aircraft . The design comes from Stefan Klein and Olaf Neumann , Iserlohn.

Streets

At Frankfurt Airport , a street in the area of ​​Cargo City Süd was named after Elly Beinhorn, as well as in Hanover-Kirchrode , Ostfildern - Scharnhausen , Eppelheim , Markgröningen , Eschborn and in Böblingen-Flugfeld , the former Stuttgart-Böblingen Airport . There has also been Elly-Beinhorn-Strasse in Mainz since 2010. In the same year the street naming commission of Filderstadt decided against naming it after Beinhorn, because she was a follower of the Nazi regime. In 2019, the Nordstadt local council in Hildesheim decided, contrary to the proposed resolution (named after the field name Scharenbleeksfeld ), to name a street in the new “Langes Feld” building area north of the Hildesheim airfield as Elly-Beinhorn-Straße.

At Stuttgart Airport , there is a Elli Leg Horn Lounge (where the name starts with, i is written '). There is also an Elly-Beinhorn-Ring at the new Berlin-Brandenburg Airport (still under construction).

Clock

Askania automatic watch Elly Beinhorn

The Berlin watch manufacturer Askania AG dedicated a watch model to Elly Beinhorn for his 100th birthday in 2007.

literature

  • Anne Commire: Beinhorn, Elly (1907–). In: Women in World History. A Biographical Encyclopedia. Volume 2. Gale, Detroit 2000, ISBN 978-0-7876-4061-3 (English).
  • Svoboda Dimitrova-Moeck: Women travel abroad 1925–1932 - Maria Leitner, Erika Mann, Marieluise Fleisser, and Elly Beinhorn. Women's travel writing from the Weimar Republic. Weidler, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-89693-534-2 , pp. 209-243 (English).
  • Christoph Frilling : The pilot and the racing driver - Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer on a tightrope walk under National Socialism. Verlag W. Dietrich, Reinhardtsgrimma 2009, ISBN 978-3-933500-10-6 .
  • Christoph Frilling: Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer - small border traffic between resistance and companionship in National Socialism. Studies on the habitus and language of prominent followers. Peter Lang Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2009, ISBN 978-3-631-58836-9 .
  • Ernst Probst : queens of the skies in Europe. GRIN Verlag, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-640-68876-0 , pp. 47-56.
  • Laurence Arthur Rickels : Into Africa. In: Nazi Psychoanalysis. Volume 2. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 2002, ISBN 978-0-8166-3698-3 , pp. 82-87 (English).
  • Dieter Wunderlich: Extraordinary women. Piper, Munich / Zurich 2009, ISBN 978-3-492-25459-5 , pp. 150-163.

Web links

Commons : Elly Beinhorn  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bernd Willhardt:  Bernd Rosemeyer. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 48 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 7.
  3. ↑ Christoph Frilling: The pilot and the racing driver - Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer on a tightrope walk under National Socialism. Verlag W. Dietrich, 2009, p. 21.
  4. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 10.
  5. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 16.
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g Beinhorn-Rosemeyer, Elly In Munzinger Online / Personen - Internationales Biographisches Archiv , accessed on November 9, 2012.
  7. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 30.
  8. ^ A b c Evelyn Zegenhagen: "Dashing German Girls" Fliegerinnen between 1918 and 1945. Wallstein Verlag, 2007, p. 125.
  9. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 33.
  10. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 38.
  11. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 51.
  12. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 67.
  13. ↑ a b Christoph Frilling: The pilot and the racing driver - Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer on a tightrope walk under National Socialism. Verlag W. Dietrich, 2009, p. 24.
  14. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 78.
  15. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, pp. 90-91.
  16. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 113.
  17. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 119.
  18. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 121.
  19. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 137.
  20. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, pp. 155–156.
  21. ↑ a b Anne Commire: leg Horn, Elly (1907-). In: Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Gale, 2000.
  22. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 179.
  23. ↑ a b Laurence Arthur Rickels: Nazi Psychoanalysis - Vol. 2. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 2002, p. 86.
  24. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 201.
  25. ↑ Laurence Arthur Rickels: Nazi Psychoanalysis - Vol. 2. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 2002, p. 83.
  26. ↑ Reinhard Osteroth: Adventure Heaven. In: Spiegel Online , May 16, 2007. Retrieved November 13, 2012.
  27. ↑ a b Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, pp. 203-204.
  28. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 208.
  29. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, pp. 213-215.
  30. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 217.
  31. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 230.
  32. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 239.
  33. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 248.
  34. ↑ Maja Schulze-Lackner: The house as a cocoon. In: Die Welt , May 12, 2001. Retrieved November 22, 2012.
  35. ↑ Malte Jürgens, Martin Schröder: The tragic death of a racing legend. In: Motor Klassik , July 13, 2009. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
  36. ↑ Christian Adam: Reading under Hitler. Authors, bestsellers, readers in the Third Reich. Fischer-TB, Frankfurt am Main 2013, ISBN 978-3-596-19297-7 .
  37. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 275.
  38. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 270.
  39. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 287.
  40. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 288.
  41. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 291.
  42. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 296.
  43. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 310.
  44. ↑ Elly Beinhorn: Solo flight. FA Herbig, Munich 2007, p. 320.
  45. ↑ a b Malte Jürgens: Elly Beinhorn died. In: Motor Klassik , November 30, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2012.
  46. ↑ Star flight to the Queen of the North Sea. ( Memento of July 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF file; 3 MB) MSC Cruises, on-board magazine 2011, p. 6. Accessed on June 16, 2019.
  47. ↑ Elly Beinhorn is buried in the grave of honor. In: Morgenpost.de. December 18, 2007, accessed November 22, 2019 .
  48. ↑ The grave of Elly Beinhorn Royemeyer. In: Knerger.de. Retrieved November 22, 2019 .
  49. ^ Svoboda Dimitrova-Moeck: Women travel abroad 1925–1932: Maria Leitner, Erika Mann, Marieluise Fleisser, and Elly Beinhorn: women's travel writing from the Weimar Republic. Weidler, Berlin 2009, p. 232.
  50. ↑ Laurence Arthur Rickels: Nazi Psychoanalysis - Vol. 2. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 2002, p. 82.
  51. ^ Svoboda Dimitrova-Moeck: Women travel abroad 1925–1932: Maria Leitner, Erika Mann, Marieluise Fleisser, and Elly Beinhorn: women's travel writing from the Weimar Republic. Weidler, Berlin 2009, p. 224.
  52. ^ With Elly Beinhorn to the Germans in South West Africa. Online film archives , accessed November 15, 2012.
  53. ↑ Laurence Arthur Rickels: Nazi Psychoanalysis - Vol. 2. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 2002, p. 327.
  54. ^ Svoboda Dimitrova-Moeck: Women travel abroad 1925–1932: Maria Leitner, Erika Mann, Marieluise Fleisser, and Elly Beinhorn: women's travel writing from the Weimar Republic. Weidler, Berlin 2009, p. 246.
  55. ^ Borchert, Christian: Exhibitions , 1931. Scenes from the documentary Gildehof-Flugtag by Bergmann Zigarettenfabrik AG Dresden with Gerhard Fieseler and Elly Beinhorn , website of the German photo library. Retrieved November 13, 2012.
  56. ↑ Christoph Frilling: The pilot and the racing driver - Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer on a tightrope walk under National Socialism. Verlag W. Dietrich, 2009, p. 119.
  57. ↑ Laurence Arthur Rickels: Nazi Psychoanalysis - Vol. 2. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 2002, p. 84.
  58. ↑ Christoph Frilling: The pilot and the racing driver - Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer on a tightrope walk under National Socialism. Verlag W. Dietrich, 2009, p. 122.
  59. ↑ Christoph Frilling: The pilot and the racing driver - Elly Beinhorn and Bernd Rosemeyer on a tightrope walk under National Socialism. Verlag W. Dietrich, 2009, p. 19.
  60. ↑ Nikolaus von Festenberg: Greet me the sun. "Elly Beinhorn - Solo Flight" - ZDF celebrates an early heroine of German aviation and overlooks the Nazi shadow. In: Der Tagesspiegel , March 29, 2014. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
  61. ^ Mint never hinged - Das Philatelie-Journal, July / August 2010.
  62. ↑ Printed matter No. 0977/2008 N1 naming of streets and squares in the Kirchrode district. (PDF; 28 kB) In: Printed resolution. State capital Hanover, November 5, 2008, p. 3f , accessed on November 28, 2017 .
  63. ↑ Elly Beinhorn is off the table as the namesake. ( Memento from September 18, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) In: Filder-Zeitung (Stuttgarter Zeitung) , March 16, 2010. Retrieved on August 18, 2019.
  64. ^ Elly-Beinhorn-Strasse. Hildesheim City Archives, September 12, 2019, accessed on May 15, 2020 .
  65. ↑ template. Accessed May 15, 2020 ( location ).
  66. ↑ excerpt. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
  67. ↑ Citizen information system. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
  68. ↑ Elly-Beinhorn-Ring Schönefeld, 12529 Schönefeld. Retrieved August 18, 2019 .
  69. ↑ uhren-schmuck.de: Elly Beinhorn - ASKANIA congratulates on her 100th birthday, May 30, 2007 , accessed on December 4, 2015
This article was added to the list of articles worth reading on November 29, 2012 in this version .
personal data
SURNAME Beinhorn, Elly
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rosemeyer-Beinhorn, Elly; Beinhorn, Elli; Rosemeyer-Beinhorn, Elly Maria Frida (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German aviator
DATE OF BIRTH May 30, 1907
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH November 28, 2007
Place of death Ottobrunn