Mescoules

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Mescoules
Mescoules (France)
Mescoules
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Dordogne
Arrondissement Bergerac
Canton Sud-Bergeracois
Community association Agglomération Bergeracoise
Coordinates 44 ° 45 ′  N , 0 ° 26 ′  E Coordinates: 44 ° 45 ′  N , 0 ° 26 ′  E
height 83-166 m
surface 4.85 km 2
Residents 176 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 36 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 24240
INSEE code 24267

Vines and parish church

Mescoules is a French municipality with 176 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Dordogne in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement Bergerac and the canton Sud-Bergeracois (until 2015: Canton Sigoulès ).

The name in the Occitan language is Mescola , the origin of which is unclear. It could come from the Occitan word of the same name, mescola ( German  dragonfly ). Presumably it is a derivation of the Latin words mansus ( German  house ) and colere ( German to  live ). Another theory is that the small stream that runs past Mescoules gave the community its name.

The inhabitants are called Mescoulois and Mescouloises .

geography

Mescoules is located about 12 km southwest in the catchment area ( Aire urbaine ) of Bergerac in the Bergeracois area of the historic province of Périgord on the southern edge of the department.

Mescoules is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Sigoulès Flaugeac
Neighboring communities
Sainte-Innocence Saint-Julien-Innocence-Eulalie

Mescoules is located in the catchment areas of the Dordogne and Garonne rivers .

Mescoules is crossed by the Escourou, a tributary of the Dropt . The Mescoulette, a tributary of the Gardonnette, also irrigates the municipality's territory.

Dried out Escourou on the municipal boundary between Mescoules (left) and Saint-Julien-d'Eymet (right)

history

Numerous remains from the Gallo-Roman period indicate that Mescoules developed on the site of a Roman villa . Today's community consists of several hamlets, the church square and some houses. Mescoules was already a parish in the 12th century, which was dependent on Puyguilhem until 1777 . Mescoules was detached from the margravate and, like the neighboring parish of Sainte-Innocence, was sold to Jean-Isaac de Ségur de la Pleyssade. The two parishes from then on formed their own judicial district with headquarters in Pleyssade Castle in Mescoules.

Toponymy

Toponyms and mentions of Mescoules were:

  • Paroch. Sancti Martini de Mescola (1131, copy book of the Abbaye aux Dames Saintes in Saintes , 166),
  • Moscola (1365, castellany of Puyguilhem, according to the collection of the Abbé de Lespine),
  • Mascolle ( castellany of Périgord, archive of Pau ),
  • Mescoule (1750, map by Cassini ),
  • Mécoules (1793, Notice Communale ),
  • Mescoules (1801, Bulletin des Lois ),
  • Mescoulès (1873, Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne).

Population development

After records began, the population rose to a peak of around 300 by the middle of the 19th century. In the following period, the size of the community fell to 135 inhabitants with short recovery phases until the 1980s, before a moderate growth phase began, which is still today persists.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 2017
Residents 180 155 150 135 144 141 155 164 176
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006

Attractions

Parish Church of Saint Martin

It was originally built during the Romanesque period and redesigned during the Gothic period . The nave is equipped with a ribbed vault , the flat closed apse has a high window in the style of the flamboyant . Buttresses support the bell gable , the hip roof of which is covered with roof tiles. The northern buttress contains a staircase to the room in the upper section of the bell gable and to the two slightly ogival openings for the bells. The entrance portal in the flamboyant style is embellished with six vaults. Above is a coat of arms and a depiction of Christ crucified . A total of ten buttresses line the church building.

Castle La Grande Pleyssade

It was built in the 18th century and initially passed through many hands. In 1749 the fiefdom of the Grande Pleyssade belonged to Siméon de Raymond du Maine, Seigneur of Puyguilhem and officer of the king. Then it came into the hands of Mathieu Eymeric de Pouzy. The family acquired it through the marriage of Isaac de Ségur-Bouzely to the daughter of Mathieu Eymeric de Pouzy. Isaac acquired the lordship of Mescoules and Sainte-Innocence, leaving a part of the castle newly built. The castle consists of a residential wing. Its flat roof is covered with round roof tiles and decorated with a Genoese frieze. The large entrance door is framed by pilasters . The position of a free-standing, two-storey pavilion gives an idea of ​​the dimensions of the inner courtyard, which existed from its heyday up to the First World War . Today the castle is a winery.

Economy and Infrastructure

Vineyard of the AOC Côtes de Bergerac

Viticulture is an important economic factor in the community.

Mescoules is located in the AOC des Bergerac with the appellations Bergerac (blanc, rosé, rouge) and Côtes de Bergerac (blanc, rouge) .

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 20

sport and freetime

Zoo Mescoules shows reptiles such as Nile crocodiles , monitor lizards and many species of snakes.

traffic

The Route départementale 933, the former Route nationale 133 , Mescoules crossed from north to south and connects the town to the north of Bergerac and in the south with Saint-Julien-d'Eymet and subsequently with Eymet . The commune can also be reached via the départementale 15E route that connects it with Sigoulès .

Web links

Commons : Mescoules  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Le nom occitan des communes du Périgord ( fr ) Départementrat des Dordogne. Accessed December 1, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b c Mescoules ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 14, 2016. Retrieved on December 1, 2018.
  3. ↑ Dordogne ( fr ) habitants.fr. Accessed December 1, 2018.
  4. ↑ Aire urbaine de Bergerac (109) ( fr ) INSEE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
  5. ↑ Ma commune: Mescoules ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Accessed December 1, 2018.
  6. ^ Paul Vicomte de Gourgues: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 199, 1873. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
  7. ^ France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Accessed December 1, 2018.
  8. ↑ a b Notice Communale Mescoules ( fr ) EHESS . Accessed December 1, 2018.
  9. ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Mescoules (24267) ( fr ) INSEE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
  10. ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Mescoules (24267) ( fr ) INSEE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
  11. ↑ Mairie de Mescoules ( fr ) Pays de Bergerac Tourisme. Accessed December 1, 2018.
  12. ↑ Château de La Grande Pleyssade ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Accessed December 1, 2018.
  13. ↑ Historique ( fr ) La Grande Pleyssade Castle. April 13, 2017. Accessed December 1, 2018.
  14. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Accessed December 1, 2018.
  15. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Mescoules (24267) ( fr ) INSEE . Accessed December 1, 2018.
  16. ↑ Zoo de Mescoules ( fr ) Zoo Mescoules. Accessed December 1, 2018.