Monsac

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Monsac
Monsac (France)
Monsac
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Dordogne
Arrondissement Bergerac
Canton Lalinde
Community association Communes des Bastides Dordogne-Périgord
Coordinates 44 ° 47 '  N , 0 ° 42'  E Coordinates: 44 ° 47 '  N , 0 ° 42'  E
height 63-172 m
surface 10.74 km 2
Residents 192 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 18 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 24440
INSEE code 24281

Main street in Monsac

Monsac is a French municipality with 192 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Dordogne in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Bergerac and the canton of Lalinde (until 2015: canton of Beaumont-du-Périgord ).

The name is also Monsac in the Occitan language , which is presumably derived from the name of an estate that belonged to a "Monsus", a person in Gallo-Roman times .

The inhabitants are called Monsacois and Monsacoises .

Way cross and statue of Saint Martial

geography

Monsac is located about 20 km southeast of Bergerac in the Bergeracois area of the historic Périgord province .

Monsac is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Lanquais Bayac
Faux Neighboring communities Beaumontois en Périgord
Montaut Bardou Naussannes

Monsac lies in the catchment area of ​​the Dordogne river . The Couzeau, one of its tributaries, crosses the territory of the municipality.

history

The area that is now the municipality was probably settled by the first people to set foot on the Périgord. The plateaus still contain many tools from the Paleolithic , when there were large workshops here for making axes . Cluzeaus , artificial caves, testify to the settlement in the Gallic period, stone tombs from the Roman era. In the 14th century, Monsac was part of the Beaumont castellany , which also included Lanquais, Bardou, Monmadalès , Saint-Aubin-de-Lanquais and Nojals-et-Clotte .

Toponymy

Toponyms and mentions of Monsac were:

  • Monsac (1286, common law of the Beaumont castellany),
  • Monsac (1750, 1793 and 1801, map from Cassini , Notice Communale or Bulletin des Lois ).

Population development

After records began, the population rose to a peak of around 545 by the first half of the 19th century. In the following period, the size of the community fell to around 120 inhabitants during brief recovery phases by the 1980s, before the growth phase that began today still persists.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 2017
Residents 140 158 137 122 145 191 177 189 192
From 1962 official figures without residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 2006, INSEE from 2010

Attractions

Parish Church of Saint-Martial , north side
Bell gable

Parish Church of Saint-Martial

The original church, built towards the end of the 13th century, was set on fire during the Hundred Years War . In the first half of the 19th century, today's church was built on the same site. It is dedicated to Saint Martial of Limoges , the first Bishop of Limoges . The west facade is defined by a bell gable made of ashlar . Extensive modifications took place at the end of the same century. The girders inside and the ribbed vault were overhauled and the apse rebuilt . The interior furnishings in the choir and in the three-aisled nave form a homogeneous whole, as all elements were acquired at the end of the 19th century.

Eleven glass windows are works by the glass painter Beysserias from Périgueux from 1871. They show the following motifs and biblical people in the lancets of the ogival windows:

The people are shown here as busts in medallions .

Monsac Castle

The aristocratic seat was once dependent on the Seigneur von Beaumont. The estate belonged to the Bosredon family from Monsac. From a certain point of view, the castle can be classified as a castle in view of the machicolations , the ditch and the loopholes for crossbows that were distributed over the walls. These structural elements served to defend the property, which was destroyed by English troops in the Hundred Years War . For a time the castle belonged to Jean de Dunois , a comrade in arms of Joan of Arc . With the peace, during the Renaissance at the end of the 15th century, it was possible to restore the castle and add architectural elements that weakened the defensive capabilities but beautified the appearance. These include the square twin windows adorned with bars , the gargoyles and the plant tendrils and sculptures that frame the entrance door with a keel arch . The same applies to the stair tower , which is decorated with crabs and pinnacles . Like the three-storey residential wing, it dates from the 15th century. The Huguenot Wars did not leave the castle without a trace. It was besieged, looted and set on fire and it took many years for the castle to regain its stately appearance. The western part of the castle was built in the 17th century. The chimneys were embellished with plaster work with various representations. At the beginning of the French Revolution , the castle still had seven towers connected by a curtain wall, one of which can still be seen today. The last Seigneur, the Marquis Malet de Lagarde and future Peer of France , left France during the Revolution. The reaction of the National Convention was not long in coming. The castle was razed, looted again and sold as a national good. The communal living area with windows with segmental arches and a mansard roof was probably redesigned in the 19th century. Today, rooms in the castle are rented out as holiday homes.

Ponchet Castle

The construction of the property west of the center of Monsac on a hill above the Couzeau valley could date back to the 13th century. It consists of a main building with a relatively thin wall that could not provide effective defense over a long period of time. The entrance with two small arcades in the form of segmented arches leads to a courtyard with a fountain and a stove. The entrance to the courtyard is secured with a weir gate. The special thing about the building is that there is no connection between the floors except between the second and third floors. The doors of the floors point in different directions. Imposing fireplaces warm the ground floor and the first floor. On the second floor there was a up recently battlements reinforced Gallery . The property is privately owned and not open to the public.

Economy and Infrastructure

Walnuts

Monsac is located in the AOC zones of the Noix du Périgord , the walnuts of the Périgord, and the nut oil of the Périgord.

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
Total = 23

education

The municipality has a public preschool and elementary school with 20 students in the 2018/2019 school year.

sport and freetime

  • The Boucle des Lizettes - Monsac circular route is 14.9 km long with a difference in altitude of 100 m. It leads on foot, by bike or on horseback from the center of Monsac through the territory of the municipality and partly that of the neighboring municipalities of Beaumontois en Périgord and Naussannes.
  • The Bastides et châteaux circular route is 66.8 km long with a difference in altitude of 200 m and also leads through the center of Monsac. It is a cycling route that goes from Bergerac through the region.

traffic

The Route départementale 27, the area crosses the municipality from northeast to southwest and connects Monsac with the neighboring community of Bayac in the northeast and with Issigeac about Montaut in the southwest. Monsac can also be reached via Route départementale 19, which connects the municipality with Bergerac via Faux.

Web links

Commons : Monsac  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Le nom occitan des communes du Périgord ( fr ) Départementrat des Dordogne. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  2. ↑ Dordogne ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  3. ↑ Ma commune: Monsac ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  4. ^ Mairie de Monsac ( fr ) Pays de Bergerac Tourisme. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  5. ↑ a b Château de Ponchet ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  6. ^ Paul Vicomte de Gourgues: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. 204, 1873. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  7. ^ France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  8. ↑ a b Notice Communale Monsac ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  9. ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Monsac (24281) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  10. ^ Mairie de Monsac ( fr ) Pays de Bergerac Tourisme. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  11. ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Martial. ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . July 8, 1999. Accessed December 4, 2018.
  12. ↑ 11 verrières (baies 0 à 10). ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . May 4, 2004. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  13. ↑ Château de Monsac ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  14. ^ Château de Monsac ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . July 8, 1999. Accessed December 4, 2018.
  15. ↑ Historique de votre chateau en Perigord ( fr ) Monsac Castle. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  16. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  17. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Monsac (24281) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  18. ^ École maternelle et élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  19. ↑ Boucle des Lizettes - Monsac ( fr ) Institut national de l'information geographique et forestière (IGN). August 1, 2018. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  20. ↑ Bastides et châteaux ( fr ) Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN). January 17, 2018. Retrieved December 4, 2018.