Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang

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Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang
Mausac e Grand Castanh
Coat of arms of Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang
Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang (France)
Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Dordogne
Arrondissement Bergerac
Canton Lalinde
Community association Communes des Bastides Dordogne-Périgord
Coordinates 44 ° 52 '  N , 0 ° 48'  E Coordinates: 44 ° 52 '  N , 0 ° 48'  E
height 35-207 m
surface 15.85 km 2
Residents 864 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 55 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 24150
INSEE code 24260
Website www.mairiemauzacetgrandcastang.fr

Mauzac Town Hall with Memorial to the Fallen

Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang is a French municipality with 864 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Dordogne in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Bergerac and the canton of Lalinde .

The name is Mausac e Grand Castanh in the Occitan language . The first part of the name is derived from the name of a country estate in Gallic times that belonged to a "Mausos", or from "Maletius", a person in Gallo-Roman times . The second part of the name comes from the South Occitan "castanh" ( German chestnut tree ).  

The inhabitants are called Mauzacois and Mauzacoises .

geography

Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang is located about 25 kilometers east of Bergerac in the Bergeracois area of the historic Périgord province on the border with the Périgord noir area .

Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Sainte-Foy-de-Longas Pezuls
Pressignac-Vicq Neighboring communities Trémolat
Lalinde Badefols-sur-Dordogne Calès

Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang is located on the right bank and thus in the catchment area of ​​the Dordogne river . In addition to the Canal de Lalinde, the Ruisseau de Barbeyrol, a tributary of the Louyre , also irrigates the area of ​​the Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang, in which it rises.

history

On January 1, 1973, the former municipalities of Mauzac-et-Saint-Meyme-de-Rozens and Grand-Castang merged to form the newly created municipality of Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang, with Grand-Castang receiving the status of a Commune associée .

Weir at Mauzac
Hydroelectric power station near Mauzac

35,000 years ago, the Roquebecude and Roquegrosse caves provided shelter to the Cro-Magnon people . They left us with hewn flints , spearheads and harpoons made of bones, among other things . The Cluzeau de la Mariotte, an artificial cave carved into the rock, was a guard over a ford over the Dordogne in the fifth century . In 847 the Normans invaded the area and looted and pillaged the Abbey Church of St Martial in Paunat . In the 13th century, the parishes of Mauzac and Saint Meyme came under the jurisdiction of the castellany of Millac, now a hamlet of Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang. The fief of Millac served the Archdiocese of Bordeaux . In 1382 there was a priory under the name of Saint Maximus de Rosano , which was subordinate to the Benedictine monastery of Fongauffier in Sagelat . From the 17th century onwards, the Dordogne became an important route for trade and culture for a few centuries. River ships could transport up to 50 tons of goods across the river. Staves , baskets , wine, cheese, but also metal goods such as cannons and cannon balls for the navy were shipped to Bordeaux . In return, the towing allowed salt, spices and sugar to be transported to the Oberland. Due to shipwrecks on the rapids at Gratusse in the municipality of Lalinde, a first weir and the Canal de Lalinde were built from 1838 to 1843 . In 1879 the bridge and the section of the railway from Bergerac to Le Buisson-de-Cadouin were completed. From 1910 to 1918 the weir at Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang was increased for the hydroelectric power plant built in 1920 . At the beginning of 1939, the French government decided on an armament program. In this context, around 1,000 hectares of land were purchased in the municipality in order to build a factory for the production of chlorine gas grenades . With the Armistice of Compiègne (1940) , work stopped, but the barracks that housed the workers formed the basis of the Mauzac prison . From 1949 to 1951, the weir was raised again by 1.1 m in order to increase power generation by means of a sixth turbine . Automatic valves were installed to improve drainage during floods. This also created a reservoir with an area of ​​over 1000 hectares.

Toponymy

Toponyms and mentions of Mauzac were:

  • Mauzac (1382, written by Pierre des Mortiers),
  • Mauzacum (1471, cadastre of the Archdiocese of Bordeaux),
  • Mauzac (1750 and 1793, map by Cassini or Notice Communale ),
  • Mauzac et Saint-Maime-de-Rozens and Mauzac-et-Saint-Meyme-de-Rozens (1801, Bulletin des Lois ).

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the municipality of Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang

The coat of arms can be interpreted as follows. It is reminiscent of the three former parishes on which the present-day parish goes back. The parish of Grand-Castang is represented by a chestnut tree with twelve fruits as a symbol of generosity. The church stands for the parish of Rozan and the boat on a river symbolizes the parish of Mauzac.

Population development

Since the founding of the new municipality, the number of inhabitants rose to a peak of around 960 in the early 1990s. In the period that followed, the size of the municipality fell a little and has recently stabilized at a level of almost 900 inhabitants.

year 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 2016
Residents 688 772 958 868 844 862 875
Official figures without residents with second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006

Attractions

Parish Church of Saint-Roch

The current church was consecrated on November 23, 1866 to Saint Roch of Montpellier , patron saint of the parish.

  • Parish Church of Saint-Roch

  • Bell tower

  • Nave overlooking the choir

  • Choir

  • Detail of a stained glass window in the choir with the Archangel Gabriel

  • Detail of a stained glass window in the choir with Saint Mary Magdalene

  • Detail of a glass window in the nave with the apostle Luke

  • Detail of a stained glass window in the nave with the apostle Matthew

  • Detail of a glass window in the nave with the apostle Mark

  • Detail of a glass window in the nave with the apostle John

  • Detail of a glass window in the transept with Saint Roch

  • Detail of a glass window in the transept with Maria

Castle Les Baudies

The property, built in the Renaissance style , is located near the center of the municipality. It has been owned by famous people over the centuries. At the end of the 17th century and certainly in earlier times, the Gonthiers family lived in the castle. In the first years of the 18th century the Moreau family became its owners. Around 1840 the banker Bourson bought the building from Jean Elie Morand Dupuch, soldier and husband of Gabrielle Gontaut, whose family had owned the castle since 1723. Bourson had money, converted the castle and financed the construction of the parish church. It was probably during this time that he converted the hill around the castle into an extensive vineyard, but the vines were completely destroyed by the phylloxera infestation in 1875 . M. Vizerie, son of the doctor Vizerie in Bergerac, stayed in the castle for a few years in 1870. The tax clerk Albert Cantellaube de Ritat bought it in 1895 and kept it until 1933. He restored the castle and had towers built which give it its current appearance. Today the castle is privately owned by the Abbadie d'Arrast family and cannot be visited.

Milhac castle ruins

Milhac Castle, also called Branthomme Castle, is a fragment of a castle that has disappeared and was mentioned in 1116 under the name Castrum Ameliacum . It was the seat of the Millac castellany. Pope Clement V acquired the fief in favor of the Archdiocese of Bordeaux in the 14th century. The castle was completely destroyed in 1442 by the seigneurs of Limeuil and Sainte-Alvère . Today only, for example, a square fountain and remains of walls and a staircase can be seen. Today the property is privately owned and not accessible to the public.

Entrance to the Canal de Lalinde, in the background the railway bridge over the Dordogne

Canal de Lalinde

The Mauzac lock has been inscribed in part as a Monument historique since September 11, 1996 .

Nature reserves

Part of the area of ​​Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang on the banks of the Dordogne and on the limestone hills belong to the nature reserves "Dordogne" and "Coteaux calcaires de la vallée de la Dordogne" as part of Natura 2000 .

At the same time, two Zones naturelles d'intérêt écologique, faunistique et floristique (ZNIEFF) type 1 were designated.

Economy and Infrastructure

Walnuts

Trade and services are the main economic drivers of the community.

Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang is located in the AOC zones of the Noix du Périgord ( Périgord walnuts ) and the Périgord nut oil.

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 48

education

The municipality has a public preschool and elementary school with 33 pupils in the 2018/2019 school year.

sport and freetime

  • The water of the Dordogne is dammed by the weir between the municipalities of Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang and Calès. The pent-up water area attracts anglers, sailors, rowers and canoeists . The banks are paved and invite you to take a walk.
  • The Boucle du Canal de Lalinde - Mouleydier circular route is 31.2 km long with a difference in altitude of 21 m. It runs from Mouleydier on both sides of the Canal de Lalinde to the center of Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang and back.
  • The Au fil de la Dordogne circular cycle path is 77.2 km long with a difference in altitude of 156 m. It leads from Bergerac on both sides of the Dordogne through the center of Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang.
Stop with the station building on the railway line

traffic

The Route départementale 8 crosses the north the municipality on a short section. It connects Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang in the north with the neighboring municipality of Sainte-Foy-de-Longas and in the further Verlaug with Périgueux . Route départementale 31 leads to the west to the neighboring municipality of Lalinde, where it joins Route départementale 703, the former Route nationale 703 , which crosses the municipality from northeast to southwest.

Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang has a stop on line 26 of the TER Aquitaine , a regional train of the national SNCF , which operates the route from Bordeaux to Sarlat-la-Canéda .

Personalities

  • André Goustat, born on May 18, 1935 in Mauzac-et-Saint-Meyme-de-Rozens, died on July 27, 2016, was a French politician. He was mayor of Mauzac-et-Saint-Meyme-de-Rozens and Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang, member of the regional council and in 1986 co-founder of the French party Chasse, pêche, nature, traditions .
  • The dancing couple Desha and Jean Myrio Delteil lived in Mauzac and received and hid Josephine Baker , Maurice Chevalier and his girlfriend Nita Raya from the approaching German troops in May 1940.

Web links

Commons : Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Le nom occitan des communes du Périgord ( fr ) Départementrat des Dordogne. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  2. ↑ Dordogne ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  3. ↑ Ma commune: Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  4. ↑ a b c d Mairie de Mauzac et Grand Castang ( fr ) Pays de Bergerac Tourisme. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  5. ↑ Mairie de Mauzac and Grand Castang ( fr ) Pays de Bergerac Tourisme. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  6. ↑ Mairie de Mauzac and Grand Castang ( fr ) Pays de Bergerac Tourisme. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  7. ^ Sylvain Mallard: La prison de Mauzac ( fr ) Criminocorpus. October 20, 2014. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  8. ^ Paul Vicomte de Gourgues: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. 195. 1873. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  9. ^ France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  10. ↑ a b Notice Communale Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  11. ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang (24260) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  12. ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang (24260) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  13. ↑ Château des Baudies ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  14. ^ Françoise Cheyrou: "Le théâtre", un décor naturel pour un lieu touristique ( fr ) Esprit de Pays. January 27, 2015. Accessed November 30, 2018.
  15. ↑ Château de Branthomme ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  16. ↑ Bulletin de la Société historique et archéologique du Périgord ( fr ) Société historique et archéologique du Périgord. P. 448. 1910. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  17. ^ Séances mensuelles de la Société historique et archéologique du Périgord ( fr , PDF) Société historique et archéologique du Périgord. Pp. 331-336. April 6, 1939. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  18. ^ Canal de Lalinde ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . September 22, 2015. Accessed November 30, 2018.
  19. ↑ FR7200660 - La Dordogne ( fr ) Inventaire national du patrimoine naturel (INPN). December 12, 2017. Accessed November 30, 2018.
  20. ↑ FR7200664 - Coteaux calcaires de la vallée de la Dordogne ( fr ) Inventaire du patrimoine naturel national (INPN). December 12, 2017. Accessed November 30, 2018.
  21. ↑ ZNIEFF 720008216 - BARRAGE DE MAUZAC, ILOTS ET RAPIDES DE LA GRATUSE ( fr ) Inventaire national du patrimoine naturel (INPN). Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  22. ↑ ZNIEFF 720008198 - Coteaux calcaires de la vallée de la Dordogne ( fr ) Inventaire national du patrimoine naturel (INPN). Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  23. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  24. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang (24260) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  25. ^ École maternelle et élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  26. ↑ Mauzac-et-Grand-Castang ( fr ) Tourist Office Pays de Bergerac. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  27. ↑ GR6 - Randonnée de Ste Foy-la-Grande (Gironde) à Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil (Dordogne) ( fr ) gr-infos.com. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  28. ^ Boucle du Canal de Lalinde - Mouleydier ( fr ) Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN). August 1, 2018. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  29. ^ Au fil de la Dordogne ( fr ) Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière (IGN). August 1, 2018. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  30. ↑ Benjamin Fontaine: André Goustat, fondateur de "Chasse, pêche, nature et traditions" est décédé ( fr ) Radio France . July 28, 2016. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  31. ^ Anne-Marie Siméon: Le Périgord de Maurice Chevalier ( fr ) Sud Ouest . March 6, 2012. Accessed November 30, 2018.