Cracks
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Cracks
City of Ehingen (Danube)
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| Height : | 489 m |
| Area : | 12.1 km² |
| Residents : | 1373 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 113 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1975 |
| Postal code : | 89584 |
| Area code : | 07392 |
Rississen is a district of Ehingen (Danube) in the Alb-Donau district in Baden-Württemberg .
geography
location
The street village of Riississen is an east-south-east part of Ehingen an der Donau . It is located about two kilometers south of the mouth of the Riss in the Danube coming from the southwest. Rississen, which is 490 to 504 m above sea level. NN , extends over an area of 12.1 km² and is home to 1225 inhabitants.
Neighboring communities
Rißissen is an exclave of the Ehingen urban area, ten kilometers east of the city center, and borders (clockwise, starting in the west) on the communities of Griesingen , Öpfingen , Oberdischingen , Erbach (all Alb-Donau district), Achstetten and Laupheim ( district of Biberach ).
history
Antiquity
Fort Riississen
In the second half of the first century AD, Riississen was a small site of the Roman military immediately south of the Upper Danube (Latin Danubius ), which at that time formed the Roman border. The Roman fort Riississen was located between the neighboring forts Emerkingen in the west and Unterkirchberg in the east on a flat hill and only 50 meters north of the Roman Danube south road , which crossed the Riß nearby . Today the school and the water tower, which can be seen from afar, are located on the site of the Roman fort. From 15 BC to around 100 AD, the upper Danube bordered the Roman Empire in this section and at the same time the province of Raetia in the north. The fortified military camp was built in one step with the construction of Donausüdstraße 45 AD. It was supposed to secure the crack crossing of the road and the nearby Danube border .
Donausüdstrasse
Before the construction of the Donausüdstraße, military and civil traffic from the aspiring future provincial capital Augsburg ( Augusta Vindelicorum ) to the legionary camps Strasbourg ( Argentoratum ) and Mainz ( Mogontiacum ) was handled exclusively via what is now known as the Allgäustraße . The routing of this road was unfavorable for traffic from Augsburg to Mainz. It led from Augsburg via Kempten ( Cambodunum ), Bregenz ( Brigantium ), Basel and Strasbourg to Mainz. After the year 45, the new, well-developed Donausüdstraße took over a large part of the growing traffic on the shorter route from Augsburg via Günzburg (Guntia), Rississen, Hüfingen ( Brigobannis ), Windisch ( Vindonissa ), Basel and Strasbourg to Mainz. The volume of traffic on this new road should not be underestimated, because at the time there was no comparably developed and shorter east-west connection north of the High Rhine and Lake Constance between the military and economic centers of the Roman provinces north of the Alps.
The place name in Roman times
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It remains unclear how the fort was called by the Romans. Speculations are mainly directed towards the place names Riusiava, Viana and Febianis mentioned by the Roman geographer Ptolemy in the second century AD in his book Geographike Hyphegesis . Ptolemaeus lists in his mentioned work in Book II "Germania", Chapter 10, from west to east, that is, from the upper Rhine to present-day Austria, a series of 19 villages along the Danube. This list begins in the west with Kirchzarten (Tarodonum) and leads in an easterly direction via Rottweil ( Arae Flaviae ) in third place to a place called Riusiavu. Ptolemy locates a place called "Viana" east of Riusiavu. Some historians believe that the term Riusiavu could refer to Rississen.
You refer to Knorr , who in 1932 wrote an article Riusiava for Ptolemy in the specialist journal “Germania” . Knorr argued that the Danube fort were usually named after the Danube tributaries neighboring the fort. He referred, for example, to the Hüfingen ( Brigobannis ) fort , the westernmost of the Danube fort . Brigobannis was named by the Romans after the nearby river Breg . The fort Gunzburg (Guntia) is called after the river Günz , the fort sub Kirchberg have after flowing past the garrison river consecration (Latin: Viana) Viana told. If the Roman fort in Unterkirchberg was called Viana , then Riississen - according to the order of the place names in Ptolemy's list - must have been Riusiavu .
The more recent research rejects this thesis in part. First Rolf Nierhaus , and then Thomas Knopf Riusiava, moved to the large Celtic settlement of Heidengraben near Grabenstetten , north of the Danube . The scientists argue that Riusiava is mentioned in the 10th chapter of the 2nd book of Geographike Hyphegesis . This 10th chapter is dedicated to Germania (Germania Magna). Ptolemy dedicated the 11th chapter in the same book to the Roman province of Raetia, south of the Danube. Riusiava is only mentioned in the 10th chapter and not in the 11th chapter, which describes Raetia. So Riusiava like Rottweil (= Arae Flaviae) must have been north of the Danube in what was then Germania ( Germania Magna ). The then Rhaetian, south of the Danube, Riississen could not have been Riusiavu. The prehistorian and archaeologist Sabine Rieckhoff rejected this thesis in 2005. She states that the "ancient history-philologically oriented research" adheres to the equation of Riusiava with Heidengraben "contrary to the archaeological findings". The myth of Riusiava has meanwhile become an integral part of a literature "that negates archaeological findings". During Ptolemy's lifetime, Raetia reached north to the Limes across the Danube around 150 AD. Rottweil, north of the Danube, was also not in free Germania (Germania magna), but in the Roman province of Germania Superior. An equation of Riusiava. Rieckhoff did not speak the word with Rississen. When describing other formerly Roman vici (villages), an attempt is made to establish a connection to the legendary Riusiavu of Ptolemaeus (cf. relevant explanations under Vicus von Eriskirch ).
As mentioned above, in older research, the Illerkirchberg fort site was repeatedly associated with the ancient names Viana, Phaeniana or Febianis . Due to recent finds, through which the name Phaeniana could be assigned to the place Faimingen , at least this name should no longer be available for speculations in connection with this fort.
The name "Tussa" for Riississen has historically been documented since the year 838. The place name Tussa or Tissa was extended much later to include the name of the neighboring river Riß as a prefix to avoid confusion . In the area there was a Tissen on the Iller (today Illertissen ) and a Tissen near Saulgau (today Groß- and Kleintissen, districts of Bad Saulgau ). In the local, Swabian colloquial language , Riississen is still today called "Dissa" and the Riississers are called "Dissemers".
Roman successor settlement
During the careful logistical preparation of the Dakar Wars by Emperor Trajan , the Riississen vicus experienced a second heyday at the turn of the 2nd century. At the latest in 105, after the end of the Dacian Wars , the fort was abandoned as a military base. However, the eviction did not mean the end of the civilian settlement. It had enough momentum of its own to assert itself and develop at the intersection of two trade routes. The west-eastern Donausüdstraße crossed here with a street coming from the south of Bregenz (Brigantium) (see Bundesstraße 30 history), the "Schussenrißtalstraße". In Rississen, the Schussenrißtalstrasse possibly led to the north-west leading Roman "Enz-Donaustraße", which, according to an undocumented hypothesis , led via Nasgenstadt (Danube crossing) and Münsingen to Pforzheim in the first century and connected to a road to Baden-Baden. Due to the short distance and the need for a connection to the existing and developed road system south of the Danube, it seems likely that from the beginning of the 2nd century there was also a direct road connection from the forts on the Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes to the Roman predecessor town of Riississen. The Schussen-Riß-Strasse leading south from Riississen to Lake Constance was originally, around the middle of the 1st century, for military reasons as a rear communication and supply line and as a possible retreat and escape route for the crews of the Danube fort Riississen, Emerkingen and Ennetach has been created. At the beginning of the 2nd century, the Schussen-Riß-Strasse with its extension to the north assumed from Riississen became the shortest connection from the western Rhaetian Limes via Riississen, Bregenz, Chur (Curia) and the Septimerpass to central northern Italy. Around 99 AD, this road, which presumably already existed as a natural path among the Celts, was expanded into a winter-proof, passable and straightened Roman road.
Coin finds from 222 and a Roman votive stone visibly walled into the south wall of the church from the year 201 prove that Riississen was probably dense until after AD 200 and then inhabited by Romans to a decreasing extent until AD 260. It was a market town and probably also a Roman post office ( cursus publicus ), hostel ( mansio ) and horse changing station ( mutatio ). A public, heated thermal bath was one of the civilizing facilities that were already taken for granted by the Romans in Riississen . This Roman bath house was excavated east of the parish church in the mid-19th century. The foundations of a large pottery were found right next to the thermal baths. Originally eight carved gravestones and one consecration stone were recovered as spoils from the Gothic church, which was demolished in the 18th century. The seven stones from the 2nd or 3rd century (an eighth was found in 1953 and accidentally destroyed), which are now clearly visible in the outer wall of the church, as well as finds of fragments of luxurious dinnerware ( terra sigillata ) from southern Gaul indicate one blooming place. A Roman burial site is believed to be north of Donausüdstrasse a few hundred meters east of the fort.
Withdrawal of the Romans, conquest of land by the Alemanni
The Romans de facto abandoned their fortified northern border, the Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes , around 260 AD after repeated, devastating raids by the Germanic peoples and due to a thinned out troop situation in this section due to the precarious situation in the east of the empire ( Limesfall ). They vacated the north-western part of the Raetia province. The abandoned area roughly corresponded to today's Upper Swabia in Württemberg and the Black Forest. The abandoned Vicus Riississen lay in this initially ownerless area between the Danube, Iller and Lake Constance, into which Alemannic settlers gradually moved in from the north and west . The extremely sparse archaeological finds from the years after 260 to after 500 suggest that Riississen was cleared, but not immediately taken over by the Alemanni. It can be assumed that many of the Roman residents of Riississen moved to the places a few kilometers to the east on the right, now Bavarian, side of the Iller (Latin: Hilaria). The area east of the Iller and south of the Danube, today the Bavarian Swabia, was defended and held by the Romans until the end of the Roman Empire in the 5th century (see Danube-Iller-Rhein-Limes ).
middle Ages
Merovingian and Carolingian times
The finds from the Alemannic burial ground from the 7th century, discovered southwest of the water tower, suggest that the first Alemannic-Germanic settlers did not settle in Riississen until after 500 AD. Charlemagne's decision in the early 9th century to renew the run-down, formerly Roman highways, including the Donausüdstraße, brought a new upswing for this small, rural settlement . Only a few years after Karl's death, Rississen was first mentioned in writing on May 20, 838 as "Tussa" in a document from the St. Gallen Abbey . From this document we learn that "Tussa" was in the Ruadolhuntare ( Huntare ), which in turn belonged to the Albuinesbaar (probably the Munderkinger Baar ). In the same document, a presumably first Christian "Tussen" church, which was already consecrated to St. Pancras († 305 AD), is mentioned. Today's church is also dedicated to St. Pancras and, next to it, to St. Dorothea.
Upper Swabian Way of St. James
Since then, Riißissen has been on the Upper Swabian Way of St. James . The Way of St. James is the medieval-historical pilgrimage to the legendary tomb of the Apostle James the Elder in Santiago de Compostela, Spain . As early as the Middle Ages , the long-distance hiking trail from Nuremberg to Constance led right through the town. Tussa , which was later called "Rißdissa" and then Riississen to distinguish it from another place, also called "Tussa", on the Iller (today Illertissen ), was an important pilgrim rest station. Today this historical, cross-border route is being re-described and, in the course of European unification, it is both marked and actively followed by various organizations through international signposts from Ulm via Oberdischingen and then on from Rississen via Biberach an der Riss to Constance.
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Reign of Riississen
In the High Middle Ages, Tussa belonged to the powerful, later extinct family of the Counts of Berg. Your servant in Tussa, Diethelm von Tussin, is named as a witness in 1127 in the foundation letter of a Benedictine convent. The first local chaplain of Riississ, of whom we learn by name from documents (September 7, 1322), was "Pfaff Heinrich Fulhin". In 1353 there were 72 households in Dissa. With the entire reign of the Counts of Berg, Tissen came to the Habsburgs in 1343 and thus belonged to Upper Austria . The House of Habsburg had given parts of the County of Berg, including Rississen, to third parties as fiefs or pledged them, subject to the reservation of sovereignty . In 1419 Konrad von Landau sold his stake in Rississen to citizens of Ulm. In 1455 imperial baron Hans von Stotzingen acquired five sixths of the rights to the rule of Riississen from the citizens of the free imperial city of Ulm . In 1483, the Barons of Stotzingen donated the altar created by Jakob Acker the Younger , today in the Leonhard Chapel. Through the heir daughter Crescentia von Stotzingen († 1550), five sixths of the village came to the family of the Barons von Laubenberg through marriage. With the exception of two farms, which remained Ulmer Hintersassen , in 1593 the lords of Laubenberg bought the remainder of Ulrich's rule from rails to Gamerschwang.
Modern times
17th century
In 1613 the Habsburg keeper (about: Landvogt) of Ehingen, Munderkingen and Berg and at the same time the master of Wilflingen , Hans Christof Schenk von Stauffenberg († 1638 Ulm), acquired the village. He had initially married the Laubenberg widow Barbara von Essendorf († 1612 Rißtissen) and after her death Maria Freifrau von Laubenberg († 1632 Ulm), who was also widowed by another Laubenberg. Through these marriages, Hans Christof acquired half control over Riississen. He bought the other half from his wife Marie before the wedding in 1614. The payment of the purchase price was deferred. Marie planned to secure her old age with the purchase price claim from her husband. But since Hans Christof outlived his second wife Marie by six years, the claim from the purchase contract fell partly to her Laubenberg heirs. Hans Christof and later his Stauffenberg heir, Hans Jakob, paid off this demand of the Laubenberg heirs after the economic catastrophe and deflation of the Thirty Years' War as a particularly heavy burden over many decades.
1630, during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), Rißtissen was of Swedish occupied troops destroyed and in 1633 by the Swedes in a course with Ehingen and Wilflingen at Friedrich Ludwig Chanofski Langendorf , a scion of the now extinct from Southern Bohemia originating knightly family Chanowsky temporarily transferred. In 1634, after the Swedes withdrew from southern Germany as a result of the defeat at Nördlingen , Wilflingen and Riississen fell back to the Stauffenberger and Ehingen (Danube) to the Habsburgs . The Catholic Hans Christof Schenk von Stauffenberg was with his wife in 1629, not long before the appearance of the Swedish Soldateska in Swabia until his death in 1638, as imperial councilor (such as the emperor's ambassador) in the Protestant, strongly fortified and therefore relatively safe free imperial city Ulm pulled. Since both marriages between Hans Christof and the Laubenberg widows remained childless, Riississen fell to his nephew Hans Jakob Schenk von Stauffenberg (* 1614; † 1674 Riississen). Hans Jakob had survived the war (1618–1648) with his family in the fortified free imperial city of Biberach . After the peace treaty , he moved to the deserted and destroyed Rississen in 1649. Only 68 souls are said to have lived there at that time. In 1656 he sold his Rusenberg estate to the Franciscan monastery in Oggelsbeuren , thereby financing the settlement of farmers mainly from the then poor, Habsburg Tyrol and Vorarlberg. Typical Tyrolean surnames such as Gaissmaier or Hinderhofer can still be found in Riississen today.
Anecdotally reported in Rißtissen disputes between the Catholic rule of giving and a ulmischen peasant family master (or Maister): As 1615 Anna, the daughter of the living in Rißtissen Ulmer tenants Georg Maister, the Easter hymn "Christ is risen" perhaps secret Zwinglians mind did not want to sing along, Hans Christof von Stauffenberg had her "accepted" (arrested) and "hit the violins" (spanked) by his officials in the "ulmischer Hof" (today probably the court of the so-called "Ulmbauer" in Ulmbauergasse) . This triggered a lawsuit with the building maintenance workers of Ulm Minster. In 1617 Hans Christof had to compare himself to the Ulmers. His nephew Hans Jakob got similar trouble 34 years later, because he had prevented the farmer Hans Meister, presumably the then "Ulmbauer" and possibly the brother of Anna Meister, at least a " lower court subordinate of the Ulm Church Building Foundation" from unauthorized in 1649, from the trees by the stream to tee off at the Stauffenberg'schen Garten. The Ulm citizens complained.
The gravestones set into the outer wall of the sacristy of the parish church date from the era of the Stotzinger , the extinct Laubenberger and the first tavern.
18th century
(Complete)
19th century
On the occasion of the Battle of Elchingen in the autumn of 1805, Napoleonic troops camped in Rississen. They burned down several farms and the stables of the then new castle. The French officers were quartered in the castle and in the gentlemen's houses. This probably saved the main building from the fate of the stables.
Franz August Schenk von Stauffenberg , born in Rississen in 1834, was a member and president of the Bavarian state parliament in Munich and from 1871 a member of the Reichstag and vice-president of the Reichstag in Berlin. In 1884 he was one of the founders of the liberal German Freedom Party and thus one of Otto von Bismarck's opponents . He died in Rississen in 1901. His son Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg rented Riississen Castle to the municipal administration after the First World War and moved to Wilflingen himself . His youngest son Hans Christoph Freiherr Schenk von Stauffenberg inherited the castle in 1950.
20th century
During the Second World War there was a temporary military airport in the east of the town, south of the road to Ersingen ( deployment port of the 2nd order ). Construction work began in September 1938, and at the start of the war in 1939 the airfield was "partially operational". On the eastern edge of the village, an anti-aircraft battery with four 8.8 cm anti-aircraft cannons and the associated anti-aircraft searchlights had been brought into position. Some of the crew accommodations were in Stauffenberg Castle , but mostly in Ersingen. Shortly before the end of the war, on April 18, 1945, the field was attacked by 72 American Martin B-26 "Marauder" bombers of the French Air Force. The few for this cluster bomb attack still airworthy remaining German fighter planes type Bf 109 G / K succeeded at the last minute on 20 April 1945, a few hours before the arrival of French troops in Rißtissen, escape by air to Schongau . These belonged to the second group of Jagdgeschwader 53 "Pik As" ( II. JG 53 ) under the group commander Major Julius Meimberg , which had been relocated shortly before from the German military airfield Seyring near Vienna to Rississen and the airfield Laupheim . A week later, the season was disbanded. One of the fighter pilots in this group was Lieutenant Herbert Rollwaage with 71 confirmed kills. On May 15, 1945, an American transport plane of the type Douglas DC-3 in the military version C-47 crashed while approaching the airfield Riississen and was completely destroyed. Today, apart from a few badly damaged and weathered concrete foundations in the "forest of holes", nothing reminds of this airfield.
After the end of the war on May 8, 1945, the place was assigned to the French occupation zone . Again, as before the Battle of Elchingen (1805), French officers had chosen the castle as accommodation and mess. After the end of the Second World War, in 1947 displaced persons from the former West and East Prussia were admitted to Riississen. Some of these families were housed in the castle. Among them was the family of the farmer Johannes Wiens from Altfelde ( Marienburg district ) in what was then West Prussia (today Stare Pole in Poland ). In 1952 he reported in writing about his flight from the Red Army , which he began in Altfelde on January 23, 1945 . His escape report ends in Riississen in 1947.
Incorporation
On January 1, 1975, the previously independent municipality of Riississen was incorporated into the city of Ehingen as part of the municipal regional reform by unanimous decision of the Riississer municipal council and has been its district ever since.
politics
The mayor is Markus Stirmlinger (as of 2015).
Personalities
- Augustin Braig (1766–1821), Roman Catholic theologian and university professor in Vienna, advisor to Emperor Franz of Austria
- Josef Schick (1859–1944), Professor of English
- Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg (1878–1950), politician (DNVP, NSDAP)
Transport links
Rississen is away from the main streams of road traffic, but is theoretically well connected via district roads , but in practice it is still poorly connected for the time being. The country roads leading to the next cities of Laupheim (6 km) and Ehingen form a busy connecting link between the nearest highways, federal highways 30 , 311 and 465 .
This has de facto led to an overload of the above-mentioned country roads and the passage of cracks through heavy truck traffic. The country roads are not sufficiently wide for two truck trains that meet. The edges of the road are therefore dangerously extended. When planning the golf course (2005) in Rississen, a western bypass of the village from the country road coming from Ehingen to the country road leading from Rississen to Laupheim was promised to alleviate the dangerous situation, but has not yet been implemented (as of 2014). With the local public transport of the Donau-Iller-Nahverkehrsverbund you can get to Laupheim and Ehingen by bus (line 225). In both cities there is then a connection to the rail network of Deutsche Bahn . Every hour there is a networked connection from Laupheim-West to the next ICE station at Ulm Central Station , around 20 kilometers away and 80 kilometers south to Friedrichshafen on Lake Constance.
The nearest airports with national and international scheduled flights are the Friedrichshafen regional airport (80 km) and Memmingen airport, which can be reached by train from the Laupheim West train station . The nearest major airports are Stuttgart Airport (100 km), Munich Airport (around 190 km) and Zurich Kloten Airport (180 km).
Buildings and facilities
Stauffenberg Castle
First mentioned as a manor house in 1275. The previous building of today's castle was destroyed by the Swedes in the Thirty Years War . After 1650, Hans Jakob von Stauffenberg built a simple rectangular house with four round towers on the same site. Around 1784, imperial baron Hugo Damian Anton Schenk von Stauffenberg, in addition to Rississen, also Herr auf Jettingen , Wilflingen , Lautlingen and Geislingen (near Balingen), began building the new church, the predecessor of today's rectory, and the execution of today's palace complex in Louis -seize - or braid style . The house of Hans Jakob, no longer in keeping with the taste of the era, was torn down.
The new complex consists of a rectangular, three-storey, simple main building with a three-axis, indicated central projectile and also indicated single-axis corner projections . This divides the facade into five parts. The vertical structure of the main facade is done by square plaster strips. Two simple, two-story cavalier houses, arranged in mirror image to the transverse central axis of the main house, surrounded a paved courtyard together with the main house . Today the main courtyard has been replaced by a garden.
The alliance coat of arms in the tympanum , the central gable field of the main house, is that of the builder, the Imperial Count Hugo Damian Anton Schenk von Stauffenberg (drafted in 1791) and his wife, the Imperial Countess Antonie von Kageneck. Countess Antonia was one of the seven daughters of Count Johann Friedrich Fridolin von Kageneck from Munzingen (now part of Freiburg im Breisgau), famous for their beauty. The external appearance of the Riississer Schloss is clearly influenced by the one generation older Kageneck's castle in Munzingen, despite all the differences in the internal structure. Countess Antonia's older sister, Countess Beatrix von Kageneck, was the mother of the important Austrian State Chancellor, Prince von Metternich , who often visited his Stauffenberg cousins in Rississen. The tympanum of the central projecting on the back of the main house shows the initials of the builders' names in the form of a braid garland.
The English park was built around 1820 after the acquisition and demolition of several farms along the stream that runs through the park today and the rift by the son of the builder of the palace, Count Clemens Wenzeslaus Schenk von Stauffenberg, based on a sketch by Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell by the in England trained Riississer landscaper Klank created. Klank was an unmistakable figure in the street scene of the Riississer at that time because he liked to dress in a gray top hat and red frock coat according to the latest English fashion. It must have looked like the image of Johnnie Walker , the emblematic figure of a Scottish whiskey brand, and thus caused almost more attention in the village than it did with the construction of the English park.
After the Second World War, the Riississer cabinetmaker Mißler, whose Biedermeier- style house can still be admired today on Ersinger Strasse, removed the baroque banister from the rectory that was intended to be demolished and installed it in the main staircase of the palace. Franz Schenk Freiherr von Stauffenberg had the former caretaker's house built opposite the castle in 1920, which is now inhabited by a member of the Stauffenberg family. Overall, the taverns von Stauffenberg from 1613 until were Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 reichsritterschaftliche owner of the rule Rißtissen. They exercised the lower jurisdiction . Napoléon Bonaparte indirectly forced through Article 7 of the Peace Treaty of Lunéville and the resulting Reichsdeputationshauptschluss (1803), first up to 1810, the mediation of Riississen under the crown of Bavaria and then under the crown of Württemberg. The castle with fields and forests is still owned by the Schenk von Stauffenberg family today.
St. Leonhard's cemetery chapel
The cemetery chapel St. Leonhard 1438, then outside the resort, belonged to what already the patronage suggests, originally a medieval leper that from Ulmer Holy Spirit Hospital for lepers had been donated. The leprosy house could be abandoned around 1600 because leprosy had declined sharply in Central Europe in the 15th century. In 1784, when today's parish church was rebuilt, the cemetery surrounding the church was moved from there to the St. Leonhard Chapel.
The chapel now houses facilities that probably originate from the late Gothic parish church, which was demolished in 1784. A remarkable work of art is the altar signed with “Jacob Acker” and the year 1483 ( “Jacob acker painter zu Ulm made this Dafel uf der Haillgen Kreutz tag on herst. MCCCCLXXXIII jar” ), on which the second patron saint, the saint Dorothea , is shown. Presumably this altar was donated by the Stotzingers in the 15th century for the former Gothic parish church with the copatroness St. Dorothea. Little is known about the painter Jacob Acker the Younger . Not even whether he was a grandson of the famous Ulm glass painter Jakob Acker the Elder or a son of the glass painter Hans Acker , who also worked in Ulm, both of whose windows can still be admired in Ulm Minster today . It can be assumed that he was a scion of this widespread family of artists from Ulm. Like other members of the farming family, he also worked for the Ulm Minster. In 1473 he painted the wings of the main organ there. This organ was built together with 60 altars, which may also contain some panels by Jacob Acker the Elder. J., destroyed in the summer of 1531 on the so-called "Götzentag" (June 19, 1531) by the Ulm iconoclasts reformed under the radical influence of Zwingli . Jacob Acker the Elder J. is assigned to the Ulm School . Riississen has named a street after him.
Joseph Chapel
The Josefskapelle, popular with the population and often visited, was built by the fruit gardener Karlo Braig around 1980. It is located west of the golf course on the boundary of Griesingen. The interior was painted by Pastor Nikolaus Stark.
Catholic parish church Sankt Pankratius and Dorothea
The church is said to be built on the foundations of a Roman temple. Baron Hugo Damian Anton had the dilapidated Gothic church from the 15th century demolished in 1784 . The solid medieval church tower was preserved. His gothic helmet was replaced by a baroque onion. During the demolition, the already mentioned seven Roman relief stones ( Spolia ) were discovered, which were then visibly embedded in the outer wall of the new church. Count Anton Schenk von Stauffenberg had the cemetery surrounding the old church relocated to the Leonhard Chapel on Ehinger Strasse and the dead were reburied. Ultimately , the new church was built according to plans by the Tyrolean master builder Franz Kleinhans , who was active in neighboring Erbach , but who had already died at the time , and a student of master builder Johann Georg Fischer . During the long construction period, Pastor Franz Xaver Hensinger (1768–1802) read masses in a barn. The number MDCCLXXXVII (1787) above the main entrance of the church indicates the year the building was completed. Due to the troubled times caused by the French Revolution and Napoleon, the new church was initially only assigned and only consecrated on May 22, 1830. The burial site ( crypt ) of the Stauffenberg family (1878) is attached to the apse on the east side .
Roman Museum in the Riississen School
In the small museum in the school, i.e. within the boundaries of the former Roman fort , some of the finds from the fort and vicus area of Riusiava were taken. Further finds are in the Museum of the City of Ehingen and in the Württemberg State Museum in Stuttgart.
Water tower
Golf course
In May 2006, the Donau-Riss Golf Club began building a golf course on an area of around 82 hectares in the south-west of the village, long-term leased by the city of Ehingen and Baron Stauffenberg . The golf architect Robert Trent Jones II from California co-designed the 18-lane course for the Donau-Riss Golf Club, which has an unusually high number of "bunkers" (ie obstacles to the game). To the south of the golf course is the clubhouse with a view of the Danube Valley and the practice area with a covered driving range (for practicing long strokes), pitching greens (for short strokes), putting greens (for very short strokes) and three short courses for beginners . The course has been in operation since July 2007. Around 450 members had joined the golf club by 2017.
The Stauffenberg'sche Schloss, view from the main building into the park, the two cavalier houses to the side
Stauffenberg Castle, view from the park to the side of the main building, the church tower to the right
Stauffenberg Castle, side view with the church tower
View from the driving range of the golf course in north direction to Öpfingen
literature
- Martin Kemkes : Ehingen-Rississen. In: Dieter Planck (Ed.): The Romans in Baden-Württemberg. Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8062-1555-3 , p. 65ff.
- Martin Kemkes: The Riississen fort and the military security of the Danube in the 1st century. In: Ulmer Museum, Kurt Wehrberger (Hrsg.): The Romans on the Danube and Iller. New research and findings. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1996, ISBN 3-7995-0410-9 , p. 9ff.
- Philipp Filtzinger : Ehingen-Rississen. In: Philipp Filtzinger, Dieter Planck, Bernhard Cämmerer : The Romans in Baden-Württemberg. Roman sites and museums from Aalen to Zwiefalten. 3. Edition. Theiss, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-8062-0287-7 , pp. 272ff.
- Iris Radi: Catholic parish church Sankt Pankratius and Dorothea, Rississen. Schnell & Steiner, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-7954-5510-3 .
- Wolfgang Lipp : The way to Santiago. Way of St. James in southern Germany. Süddeutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, Ulm 1991, ISBN 3-88294-164-2 .
- Gerhilde Fleischer (Ed.): Jakobusweg II: Ulm - Oberdischingen - Äpfingen - Biberach - Steinhausen - Bad Waldsee. 4th edition. Schwabenverlag, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7966-0905-8 .
- Gerd Wunder: The Stauffenberg taverns. A family story. Mueller & Graeff, Stuttgart 1972.
Periodicals
- Bulletin of the community of Riississen . Urban, Ulm (since 1973).
Web links
- Tears at LEO-BW
- Tears on the official website of Ehingen
- Martin Kemkes: The Roman Danube Fort Riississen. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, created 1996, published on September 27, 2012. Abstracts German / English and information on the examination (HTML); Text, catalog / tables, enclosures (PDFs); Freiburg Document Server (FreiDok), accessed on August 12, 2014.
References and comments
- ↑ Knorr, Germania 16, 1932; de Gruyter, Berlin, p. 143 f.
- ↑ Oscar Paret : Württemberg in prehistoric times. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1961, p. 402.
- ↑ On the topographical information in the geography of Klaudios Ptolemaios about today's southern Germany. Find reports from Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 1981, p. 475ff, doi: 10.11588 / fbbw.1981.0.26395 .
- ↑ Der Heidengraben near Grabenstätten , Volume 141 of the University Research Series on Prehistoric Archeology, Bonn 2007, p. 119.
- ↑ Sabine Rieckhoff: Where did you go? - On the archaeological evidence of the Celts in southern Germany in the 1st century BC Chr. In: Celtic ideas on the Danube. Files of the fourth symposium of German-speaking Celtologists. Linz / Danube, 17.-21. July 2005. Konrad Spindler (1939–2005) in memory. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, ISBN 3-7001-3670-6 , p. 429.
- ^ Gerhard Weber: Faimingen. City of Launingen / Donau, district of Dillingen ad Donau, Schw. In Thomas Fischer and Günter Ulbert : The Limes in Bavaria. From Dinkelsbühl to Eining. Theiss, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-8062-0351-2 , p. 441 ff., In particular p. 443 f.
- ↑ Gundelfingen on the website of "Donautal-Aktiv e. V. "
- ↑ Martin Kemkes : The Rißtissen fort and the military security of the Danube in the 1st century (1996, see #Literature ), p. 9 ff.
- ↑ Filtzinger, Planck, Cämmerer: Die Römer in Baden-Württemberg (1986, see #Literature ), p. 163: probably 222
- ↑ CIL 03, 05863 Term of Office of the Consuls 201
- ↑ the excavation documents can no longer be found
- ^ Filtzinger, Planck, Cämmerer: Die Römer in Baden-Württemberg (1986, see #Literature ).
- ↑ Hans Peter Kuhnen (Ed.): Gestuermt-Geraeumt-Vergessen? The Limesfall and the end of Roman rule in southwest Germany. Württembergisches Landesmuseum, Stuttgart 1992.
- ↑ Escape report by farmer Johannes Wiens ( memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Report was probably accidentally deleted. Report can be found under Google: Experience report no. 71 Johannes Wiens)
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 543 .
- ↑ Gerd Wunder: Writings on Southwest German regional studies. Volume 11. Müller and Gräff, 1972.
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