List of heads of state 1440

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Africa

Egypt ( Burjiyya dynasty )
- Sultan : az-Zahir Saif ad-Din Jaqmaq (1438-1453)

Algeria ( Abdalwadiden )
- Sultan : Abul-Abbas Ahmad I al-Aqil (1430–1462)

Ethiopia
- Emperor (Negus Negest) : Constantine I (1434–1468)

Ifriqiya (East Algeria, Tunisia) ( Hafsiden )
- Caliph : Abu Umar Uthman (1435–1487)

Jolof (in what is now Senegal )
- Buur-ba Jolof : Tyukuli N'Diklam (1420-1440)
- Buur-ba Jolof: Leeyti Tyukuli (1440-1450)

Kanem Bornu ( Sefuwa Dynasty )
- King / May: Kaday III. (1439-1440)
- King / May: Dunama V. (1440–1444)

Kano
- King: Abdullah Burja (1438–1452)

Morocco ( Merinids )
- Sultan : Abdalhaqq II. (1420-1465)

America

Aztec Empire
- Tlatoani : Itzcóatl (1427-1440)
- Tlatoani: Moctezuma I (1440-1469)

Inca Empire
- Inca : Pachacútec Yupanqui (1438–1471)

Asia

Ak Koyunlu
- Ruler : Qara Yülük Uthman (1389-1453)

China ( Ming Dynasty )
- Emperor : Zhengtong (1435-1449)

Japan
- Emperor : Go-Hanazono (1428–1464)
- Shogun Ashikaga : Ashikaga Yoshinori (1429-1441)

Korea ( Joseon Dynasty )
- King : Sejong (1418–1450)

Persia
- Sultan ( Timurid dynasty): Shah Ruch (1406–1447)

Qara Qoyunlu (Empire of the Black Mutton)
- Ruler: Jahan Shah (1435–1467)

Siam ( Thailand )
- King : Borommarachathirat II (1424–1448)

Trebizond
- Emperor : John IV (1429-1458)

Europe

Andorra
- Co-princes :
  - Count of Foix : Gaston IV. (1436–1472)
  - Bishop of Urgell : Arnau Roger de Pallars (1437–1461)

Byzantine Empire
- Emperor : John VIII. Palaiologos (1425–1448)

Denmark (1397–1523 personal union with Norway and Sweden)
- King : Christoph III. (1439-1448)

Teutonic Order State
- Grand Master : Paul von Rusdorf (1422–1441)

England
- King : Henry VI. (1422-1461) (1470-1471)

France
- King : Charles VII, the Victorious (1422–1461)

Holy Roman Empire
- King : Friedrich III. (1440–1493) (from 1452 emperor )
- Electorates
  - Archbishopric of Cologne
    - Archbishop : Dietrich II. Von Moers (1414–1463)
  - Archbishopric Mainz
    - Archbishop : Dietrich Schenk von Erbach (1434–1459)
  - Archbishopric Trier
    - Archbishop : Jakob I. von Sierck (1439–1456)
  - Bohemia
    - King : Ladislaus Postumus (1440–1457) (coronation 1453)
  - Brandenburg
    - Margrave : Friedrich I (1415-1440)
    - Margrave: Friedrich II. Eisenzahn (1440–1471)
  - Electoral Palatinate
    - Count Palatine : Ludwig IV. (1436–1449) (until 1442 under the tutelage of Otto I von Pfalz-Mosbach )
  - Saxony
    - Elector : Frederick II the Meek (1428–1464)
- spiritual principalities
  - Hochstift Augsburg
    - Bishop : Peter von Schaumberg (1424–1469)
  - Bamberg Monastery
    - Bishop : Anton von Rotenhan (1431–1459)
  - Hochstift Basel
    - Bishop : Friedrich of the Rhine (1437-1451)
  - Brandenburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Stephan Bodecker (1421–1459)
  - Archbishopric Bremen
    - Archbishop : Baldwin II of Wenden (1435–1441)
  - Brixen monastery
    - Bishop : Georg von Stubai (1437–1443)
  - Cambrai Monastery
    - Bishop : John VI. of Burgundy (1439–1479)
  - Hochstift Cammin
    - Bishop : Siegfried II. Bock (1424–1446)
  - Chiemsee Abbey
    - Bishop : Silvester Pflieger (1438–1453)
  - Chur Monastery
    - Bishop : John IV Naso (1418–1440)
    - Administrator: Konrad von Rechberg (1440–1441)
  - Eichstätt Monastery
    - Bishop : Albrecht II of Hohenrechberg (1429–1445)
  - Hochstift Freising
    - Bishop : Nicodemus della Scala (1422–1443)
  - Geneva Monastery
    - Bishop : François de Metz (1426–1444)
  - Hochstift Gurk
    - Bishop : Johann V. Schallermann (1433–1453)
  - Halberstadt Monastery
    - Bishop : Burkhard von Warberg (1437–1458)
  - Hochstift Havelberg
    - Bishop : Konrad von Lintorff (1427–1460)
  - Hildesheim Monastery
    - Bishop : Magnus von Sachsen-Lauenburg (1424–1452) (1410–1424 Bishop of Cammin)
  - Constance monastery
    - Bishop : Heinrich IV. Von Hewen (1436–1462) (1441–1456 administrator of Chur)
  - Lausanne bishopric
    - Bishop : Jean de Prangins (1433-1440)
    - Bishop: George of Saluzzo (1440–1461)
  - Lavant Monastery
    - Bishop : Lorenz von Lichtenberg ( 1424–1433 , 1438–1444) (1444–1446 administrator of Lavant, 1432–1433 bishop of Gurk)
  - Lübeck bishopric
    - Bishop : Nikolaus II. Sachau (1439–1449)
  - Liège Monastery
    - Bishop : Johann VIII. Von Heinsberg (1419–1455)
  - Archbishopric Magdeburg
    - Archbishop : Günther II. Von Schwarzburg (1403–1445)
  - Meissen Abbey
    - Bishop : Johannes IV. Hoffmann von Schweidnitz (1427-1451)
  - Merseburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Johann II. Bose von Ammendorf and Ermlitz (1431–1463)
  - Metz bishopric
    - Bishop : Conrad II. Bayer von Boppard (1415–1459)
  - Hochstift Minden
    - Bishop : Albrecht von Hoya (1436–1473)
  - Monastery of Münster
    - Bishop : Heinrich II. Von Moers (1425–1450)
  - Naumburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Peter von Schleinitz (1434 / 35–1463)
  - Osnabrück Monastery
    - Bishop : Erich I of Münster (1437–1441 / 42)
  - Paderborn Monastery
    - Administrator : Dietrich III. von Moers (1415–1463)
  - Passau bishopric
    - Bishop : Leonhard von Laiming (1423-1451)
  - Ratzeburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Pardam von dem Knesebeck (1431–1440)
    - Bishop: Johannes II. Prohl (1440-1454)
  - Regensburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Frederick II of Parsberg (1437–1450)
  - Archbishopric Salzburg
    - Archbishop : Johann II. Von Reisberg (1429–1441)
  - Schwerin Monastery
    - Bishop : Hermann III. Köppen (1429-1444)
  - Seckau monastery
    - Bishop : Konrad von Reisberg (1431–1443)
  - Hochstift Sitten
    - Bishop : Wilhelm VI. by Raron (1437-1451)
  - Speyer Monastery
    - Bishop : Reinhard von Helmstatt (1438–1456)
  - Strasbourg Monastery
    - Bishop : Conrad IV of Busnang (1439–1440)
    - Bishop: Ruprecht von Pfalz-Simmern (1440–1478)
  - Toul Monastery
    - Bishop : Louis de Haraucourt (1437–1449)
  - Hochstift Trento
    - Bishop : Alexander of Mazovia (1424–1444)
  - Utrecht Monastery
    - Bishop : Rudolf von Diepholz (1433–1455)
  - Verden Monastery
    - Bishop : John III. von Asel (1426–1470)
  - Verdun Monastery
    - Bishop : Guillaume Fillastre the Younger (1437-14349)
  - Hochstift Worms
    - Bishop : Friedrich II. Von Domneck (1427–1445)
  - Würzburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Johann II. Von Brunn (1411–1440)
    - Bishop: Sigismund of Saxony (1440–1443)
- secular principalities
  - to bathe
    - Margrave : Jacob I (1431–1453)
  - Bavaria
    - Bavaria-Ingolstadt
      - Duke : Louis VII, the bearded (1413–1447)
    - Bavaria-Landshut
      - Duke : Henry XVI. (1393-1450)
    - Bayern Munich
      - Duke : Albrecht III. the pious (1438–1460)
  - Duchy of Brunswick-Lueneburg
    - Braunschweig-Calenberg
      - Duke: Wilhelm I (1432–1473)
    - Braunschweig-Göttingen
      - Duke : Otto II (1394–1463)
    - Braunschweig-Grubenhagen
      - Duke: Heinrich III. (1427–1464) (until 1437 under guardianship)
      - Duke: Albrecht II. (1427–1485) (until 1440 under guardianship)
      - Duke: Ernst (1427–1464) (until 1440 under guardianship)
    - Braunschweig-Lüneburg (common rule)
      - Duke : Otto IV. (1434–1446)
      - Duke: Friedrich II. (1434-1457) (1472-1478)
    - Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
      - Duke : Heinrich II. (1428–1473)
  - Hesse
    - Landgrave : Ludwig I (1413-1458)
  - Jülich-Berg-Ravensberg
    - Duke : Gerhard (1437–1475)
  - Kleve
    - Duke : Adolf II (1394–1448) (count until 1417)
  - Ortenburg
    - Count : Etzel I. (1422–1444)
  - Württemberg
    - Count : Ludwig I (1419–1442 / 50) (until 1426 under guardianship)
    - Count: Ulrich V. the much-loved (1419–1442 / 80) (until 1433 under guardianship)

Italian states
- Estonian
  - Margrave : Taddeo d'Este (1415–1448)
- Ferrara, Modena and Reggio
  - Lord : Niccolò III. d'Este (1393–1441)
- Florence (nominally republic)
  - Signor : Cosimo de 'Medici (1434–1464) (de facto ruler)
- Genoa
  - Doge : Tommaso di Campofregoso (1415–1421) (1436–1437) (1437–1442)
- Papal States
  - Pope : Eugene IV (1431–1447)
- Milan
  - Duke : Filippo Maria Visconti (1412–1447)
- Mantua
  - Margrave : Gianfrancesco I. Gonzaga (1407–1444) (count until 1433)
- Montferrat
  - Margrave : Johann Jakob (1418–1431) (1433–1445)
- Naples
  - King : René the Good (1435–1442)
- Rimini
  - Lord : Sigismondo Malatesta (1432–1468)
- Saluzzo
  - Margrave : Ludwig I (1416–1475)
- San Marino
  - Capitano Reggente: Sante Lunardini (1439-1440)
  - Capitano Reggente: Bianco di Antonio (1439-1440)
  - Capitano Reggente: Barnaba di Antonio Lunardini (1440)
  - Capitano Reggente: Antonio Giannini (1440)
  - Capitano Reggente: Antonio di Simone Belluzzi (1440–1441)
  - Capitano Reggente: Giacomo d'Antonio Sammaritani (1440–1441)
- Savoy
  - Duke : Ludwig (1434 / 39–1465) (regent until 1439)
- Sicily (1412–1713 to Aragon or Spain )
  - King : Alfonso I (1416-1458)
    - Viceroy : Bernardo Requesens (1439–1440) (1463–1465)
    - Viceroy: Gilberto Centelles (1440–1441)
    - Viceroy: Battista Platamonte (1436–1438) (1440–1441)
- Urbino
  - Count : Guidantonio da Montefeltro (1404–1443)
- Venice
  - Doge : Francesco Foscari (1423-1457)

Monaco
- Seigneur : Jean I. (1407-1454)

Norway
- King : Erik VII (1412–1442)

Ottoman Empire
- Sultan : Murat II. (1421-1451)

Poland
- King : Wladyslaw I (1434–1444)

Portugal
- King : Alfonso V (1438–1481), underage, therefore Peter of Portugal as regent for him

Russia
- Grand Duke : Vasily II (1425–1462)

Scotland
- King : Jacob II (1437-1460)

Sweden
- King : Erik VII (1412–1441)

Spanish states
- Aragon
  - King : Alfonso V (1416–1458) (1442–1458 King of Naples)
- Granada
  - Emir : Muhammad IX. ( 1419-1427, 1429-1431 , 1432-1445, 1448-1453 )
- Castile
  - King : Johann II. (1406-1454)
- Navarre
  - Queen : Blanka (1425–1441)
  - King: John II (1425–1479) (de iure uxoris) (1458–1479 King of Aragón and Sicily)

Hungary (1440–1444) (rule disputed)
- King : Ulászló I (1440–1444)
- King: Ladislaus V. Postumus (1440 / 44–1457) (until 1452 in the captivity of his uncle Friedrich III. )

Wallachia
- Prince : Vlad II. Dracul (1436–1442) (1443–1447)

Zeta
- Prince : Stefan I. Crnojević (1427–1465)

Cyprus
- King : Johann II. (1432-1458)