List of heads of state 1437

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Africa

• Egypt ( Burjiyya dynasty )
  • Sultan : al-Ashraf Saif ad-Din Barsbay (1422–1438)

• Algeria ( Abdalwadiden )
  • Sultan : Abul-Abbas Ahmad I al-Aqil (1430–1462)

• Ethiopia
  • Emperor (Negus Negest) : Constantine I (1434–1468)

• Ifriqiya (East Algeria, Tunisia) ( Hafsiden )
  • Caliph : Abu Umar Uthman (1435–1487)

• Jolof (in what is now Senegal )
  • Buur-ba Jolof : Tyukuli N'Diklam (1420-1440)

• Kanem Bornu ( Sefuwa Dynasty )
  • King / May: Ibrahim II. (1431–1439)

• Kano
  • King: Daud (1421–1438)

• Morocco ( Merinids )
  • Sultan : Abdalhaqq II. (1420-1465)

America

• Aztec Empire
  • Tlatoani : Itzcóatl (1427-1440)

• Inca Empire
  • Inca : Viracocha Inca (1410–1438)

Asia

• Ak Koyunlu
  • Ruler : Qara Yülük Uthman (1389-1453)

• China ( Ming Dynasty )
  • Emperor : Zhengtong (1435-1449)

• Japan
  • Emperor : Go-Hanazono (1428–1464)
  • Shogun Ashikaga : Ashikaga Yoshinori (1429-1441)

• Korea ( Joseon Dynasty )
  • King : Sejong (1418–1450)

• Persia
  • Sultan ( Timurid dynasty): Shah Ruch (1406–1447)

• Qara Qoyunlu (Empire of the Black Mutton)
  • Ruler: Jahan Shah (1435–1467)

• Siam ( Thailand )
  • King : Borommarachathirat II (1424–1448)

• Trebizond
  • Emperor : John IV (1429-1458)

Europe

• Andorra
  • Co-princes :
    • Count of Foix : Gaston IV. (1436–1472)
    • Bishop of Urgell : Arnau Roger de Pallars (1437–1461)

• Byzantine Empire
  • Emperor : John VIII. Palaiologos (1425–1448)

• Denmark (1397–1523 personal union with Norway and Sweden)
  • King : Erich VII (1397–1439)

• Teutonic Order State
  • Grand Master : Paul von Rusdorf (1422–1441)

• England
  • King : Henry VI. (1422-1461) (1470-1471)

• France
  • King : Charles VII, the Victorious (1422–1461)

• Holy Roman Empire
  • King : Sigismund (1411–1437) emperor from 1433
  • Electorates
    • Archbishopric of Cologne
      • Archbishop : Dietrich II. Von Moers (1414–1463)
    • Archbishopric Mainz
      • Archbishop : Dietrich Schenk von Erbach (1434–1459)
    • Archbishopric Trier
      • Archbishop : Raban von Helmstatt (1430–1439)
    • Bohemia
      • King : Sigismund (1420–1437)
    • Brandenburg
      • Margrave : Friedrich I (1415-1440)
    • Electoral Palatinate
      • Count Palatine : Ludwig IV. (1436–1449) (until 1442 under the tutelage of Otto I von Pfalz-Mosbach )
    • Saxony
      • Elector : Frederick II the Meek (1428–1464)
  • spiritual principalities
    • Hochstift Augsburg
      • Bishop : Peter von Schaumberg (1424–1469)
    • Bamberg Monastery
      • Bishop : Anton von Rotenhan (1431–1459)
    • Hochstift Basel
      • Bishop : Friedrich of the Rhine (1437-1451)
    • Brandenburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Stephan Bodecker (1421–1459)
    • Archbishopric Bremen
      • Archbishop : Baldwin II of Wenden (1435–1441)
    • Brixen monastery
      • Bishop : Ulrich Putsch (1427–1437)
      • Bishop: Georg von Stubai (1437–1443)
    • Cambrai Monastery
      • Bishop : Jean V. de Gavre (1411–1438)
    • Hochstift Cammin
      • Bishop : Siegfried II. Bock (1424–1446)
    • Chiemsee Abbey
      • Bishop : Johann Ebser (1429–1438)
    • Chur Monastery
      • Bishop : John IV Naso (1418–1440)
    • Eichstätt Monastery
      • Bishop : Albrecht II of Hohenrechberg (1429–1445)
    • Hochstift Freising
      • Bishop : Nicodemus della Scala (1422–1443)
    • Geneva Monastery
      • Bishop : François de Metz (1426–1444)
    • Halberstadt Monastery
      • Bishop : John of Hoym (1419–1437)
      • Bishop: Burkhard von Warberg (1437–1458)
    • Hochstift Havelberg
      • Bishop : Konrad von Lintorff (1427–1460)
    • Hildesheim Monastery
      • Bishop : Magnus von Sachsen-Lauenburg (1424–1452) (1410–1424 Bishop of Cammin)
    • Constance monastery
      • Bishop : Heinrich IV. Von Hewen (1436–1462) (1441–1456 administrator of Chur)
    • Lausanne bishopric
      • Bishop : Jean de Prangins (1433-1440)
    • Lavant Monastery
      • Bishop : Hermann von Gnas (1433–1438) (1432–1433 Bishop of Gurk)
    • Lübeck bishopric
      • Bishop : John VII Schele (1420–1439)
    • Liège Monastery
      • Bishop : Johann VIII. Von Heinsberg (1419–1455)
    • Archbishopric Magdeburg
      • Archbishop : Günther II. Von Schwarzburg (1403–1445)
    • Meissen Abbey
      • Bishop : Johannes IV. Hoffmann von Schweidnitz (1427-1451)
    • Merseburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Johann II. Bose von Ammendorf and Ermlitz (1431–1463)
    • Metz bishopric
      • Bishop : Conrad II. Bayer von Boppard (1415–1459)
    • Hochstift Minden
      • Bishop : Albrecht von Hoya (1436–1473)
    • Monastery of Münster
      • Bishop : Heinrich II. Von Moers (1425–1450)
    • Naumburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Peter von Schleinitz (1434 / 35–1463)
    • Osnabrück Monastery
      • Bishop : Johann III. von Diepholz (1424–1437)
      • Administrator: Erich I. von Münster (1437–1441 / 42)
    • Paderborn Monastery
      • Administrator : Dietrich III. von Moers (1415–1463)
    • Passau bishopric
      • Bishop : Leonhard von Laiming (1423-1451)
    • Ratzeburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Pardam von dem Knesebeck (1431–1440)
    • Regensburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Conrad VII of Soest (1428–1437)
      • Bishop: Frederick II of Parsberg (1437–1450)
    • Archbishopric Salzburg
      • Archbishop : Johann II. Von Reisberg (1429–1441)
    • Schwerin Monastery
      • Bishop : Hermann III. Köppen (1429-1444)
    • Seckau monastery
      • Bishop : Konrad von Reisberg (1431–1443)
    • Hochstift Sitten
      • Bishop : Andreas dei Benzi von Gualdo (1418–1437)
      • Bishop: Wilhelm (III.) Von Raron (1437-1451)
    • Speyer Monastery
      • Bishop : Raban von Helmstatt (1396–1438)
    • Strasbourg Monastery
      • Bishop : Wilhelm II of Diest (1394–1439)
    • Toul Monastery
      • Bishop : Louis de Haraucourt (1437–1449)
    • Hochstift Trento
      • Bishop : Alexander of Mazovia (1424–1444)
    • Utrecht Monastery
      • Bishop : Rudolf von Diepholz (1433–1455)
    • Verden Monastery
      • Bishop : John III. von Asel (1426–1470)
    • Verdun Monastery
      • Bishop : Louis de Haraucourt (1430–1437)
      • Bishop: Guillaume Fillastre the Younger (1437–1449)
    • Hochstift Worms
      • Bishop : Friedrich II. Von Domneck (1427–1445)
    • Würzburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Johann II. Von Brunn (1411–1440)
  • secular principalities
    • to bathe
      • Margrave : Jacob I (1431–1453)
    • Bavaria
      • Bavaria-Ingolstadt
        • Duke : Louis VII, the bearded (1413–1447)
      • Bavaria-Landshut
        • Duke : Henry XVI. (1393-1450)
      • Bavaria-Munich (joint rule)
        • Duke : Ernst (1397–1438)
    • Berg (since 1423 personal union with Jülich)
      • Duke : Adolf VII (1408–1437)
      • Duke: Gerhard (1437–1475)
    • Duchy of Brunswick-Lueneburg
      • Braunschweig-Calenberg
        • Duke: Wilhelm I (1432–1473)
      • Braunschweig-Göttingen
        • Duke : Otto II (1394–1463)
      • Braunschweig-Grubenhagen
        • Duke: Heinrich III. (1427–1464) (until 1437 under guardianship)
        • Duke: Albrecht II. (1427–1485) (until 1440 under guardianship)
        • Duke: Ernst (1427–1464) (until 1440 under guardianship)
      • Braunschweig-Lüneburg (common rule)
        • Duke : Otto IV. (1434–1446)
        • Duke: Friedrich II. (1434-1457) (1472-1478)
      • Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
        • Duke : Heinrich II. (1428–1473)
    • Hesse
      • Landgrave : Ludwig I (1413-1458)
    • Jülich (since 1423 personal union with Berg)
      • Duke : Adolf (1423–1437)
      • Duke: Gerhard (1437–1475)
    • Kleve
      • Duke : Adolf II (1394–1448) (count until 1417)
    • Ortenburg
      • Count : Etzel I. (1422–1444)
    • Ravensberg (since 1428 personal union with Jülich)
      • Count : Gerhard II. (1428–1475)
    • Württemberg
      • Count : Ludwig I (1419–1442 / 50) (until 1426 under guardianship)
      • Count: Ulrich V. the much-loved (1419–1442 / 80) (until 1433 under guardianship)

• Italian states
  • Estonian
    • Margrave : Taddeo d'Este (1415–1448)
  • Ferrara, Modena and Reggio
    • Lord : Niccolò III. d'Este (1393–1441)
  • Florence (nominally republic)
    • Signor : Cosimo de 'Medici (1434–1464) (de facto ruler)
  • Genoa
    • Doge : Tommaso di Campofregoso (1415–1421) (1436–1437) (1437–1442)
    • Doge: Battista di Campofregoso (1437)
    • Doge: Tommaso di Campofregoso (1415–1421) (1436–1437) (1437–1442)
  • Papal States
    • Pope : Eugene IV (1431–1447)
  • Milan
    • Duke : Filippo Maria Visconti (1412–1447)
  • Mantua
    • Margrave : Gianfrancesco I. Gonzaga (1407–1444) (count until 1433)
  • Montferrat
    • Margrave : Johann Jakob (1418–1431) (1433–1445)
  • Naples
    • King : René the Good (1435–1442)
  • Rimini
    • Lord : Sigismondo Malatesta (1432–1468)
  • Saluzzo
    • Margrave : Ludwig I (1416–1475)
  • San Marino
    • Capitano Reggente: Francesco di Simone Belluzzi (1436–1437)
    • Capitano Reggente: Michele di Giovanni (1436–1437)
    • Capitano Reggente: Andrea di Cecco (1437)
    • Capitano Reggente: Francesco di Bartolo (1437)
    • Capitano Reggente: Francesco di Menghino (1437–1438)
    • Capitano Reggente: Giovanni di Antonio (1437–1438)
  • Savoy
    • Duke : Amadeus VIII. (1391–1434 / 39) (count until 1416)
    • Regent: Ludwig (1434 / 39–1465)
  • Sicily (1412–1713 to Aragon or Spain )
    • King : Alfonso I (1416-1458)
      • Viceroy : Ruggiero Paruta (1435–1439)
      • Viceroy: Battista Platamonte (1436–1438) (1440–1441)
  • Urbino
    • Count : Guidantonio da Montefeltro (1404–1443)
  • Venice
    • Doge : Francesco Foscari (1423-1457)

• Monaco
  • Seigneur : Jean I. (1407-1454)

• Norway
  • King : Erik VII (1412–1442)

• Ottoman Empire
  • Sultan : Murat II. (1421-1451)

• Poland
  • King : Wladyslaw I (1434–1444)

• Portugal
  • King : Edward I (1433–1438)

• Russia
  • Grand Duke : Vasily II (1425–1462)

• Scotland
  • King : Jacob I (1406–1437)
  • King: Jacob II (1437-1460)

• Sweden
  • King : Erik VII (1412–1441)

• Spanish states
  • Aragon
    • King : Alfonso V (1416–1458) (1442–1458 King of Naples)
  • Granada
    • Emir : Muhammad IX. ( 1419-1427, 1429-1431 , 1432-1445, 1448-1453 )
  • Castile
    • King : Johann II. (1406-1454)
  • Navarre
    • Queen : Blanka (1425–1441)
    • King: John II (1425–1479) (de iure uxoris) (1458–1479 King of Aragón and Sicily)

• Hungary
  • King : Sigismund (1387–1437)
  • King: Albrecht (1437–1439)

• Wallachia
  • Prince : Vlad II. Dracul (1436–1442) (1443–1447)

• Zeta
  • Prince : Stefan I. Crnojević (1427–1465)

• Cyprus
  • King : Johann II. (1432-1458)