Elbeuf

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Elbeuf
Elbeuf coat of arms
Elbeuf (France)
Elbeuf
region Normandy
Department Seine-Maritime
Arrondissement Rouen
Canton Elbeuf (main town)
Community association Métropole Rouen Normandy
Coordinates 49 ° 17 ′  N , 1 ° 0 ′  E Coordinates: 49 ° 17 ′  N , 1 ° 0 ′  E
height 2-133 m
surface 16.32 km 2
Residents 16,166 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 991 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 76500
INSEE code 76231
Website http://www.mairie-elbeuf.fr/

Elbeuf town hall

Elbeuf is a French municipality with 16,166 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Seine-Maritime in the region Normandy . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Rouen and the Canton of Elbeuf . Elbeuf is the southernmost municipality in the Seine-Maritime department. It is located on the left bank of the lower Seine at the foot of wooded hills, 19 kilometers south of Rouen .

history

At the end of the 10th century a Viking settlement with the name Wellebou (from North Germanic wella for 'water' and both for 'settlement') developed in the area of ​​today's city , where Vikings initially only wintered. Gradually a permanent settlement developed. The elimination of the / w / before / e / resulted in the place name Elbeuf.

Elbeuf has been a seigneury since the 11th century . From the 13th century it was owned by the Harcourt family . In 1338 it became a county . During the Hundred Years War , the city was occupied by the English for some time and then came to the House of Lorraine . As early as around 1514, cloth production developed here. In 1554 René II of Lorraine , the youngest son of Duke Claude von Guise , was awarded the title of Marquis of Elbeuf. King Henry III Elbeuf raised René's son Charles I of Lorraine to a duchy and peerage in 1582.

In 1667, Jean-Baptiste Colbert supported the cloth makers' guild by setting up the Manufacture Royale de draps d'Elbeuf ('Royal Cloth Manufactory of Elbeuf'). As a result of the repeal of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, however, most of the cloth makers emigrated, and this trade only picked up again after the French Revolution in 1789 and after Belgium separated from France in 1814.

The line of the House of Guise , which carried the title of Dukes of Elbeuf, lasted until 1763, when the Duchy passed to the Prince of Lambesc, Charles-Eugène of the Lorraine-Harcourt line. He was the last Duke of Elbeuf and died in 1825.

During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) Elbeuf was occupied by German troops in December 1870. Shortly before Christmas, the Germans withdrew and blew up the bridges over the Seine.

After the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, around 4,000 Alsatians who rejected the German annexation of their homeland settled in Elbeuf. Solid economic reasons played a major role: Most of the new residents had worked in the textile industry in their home town of Bischweiler , which was closed to the French market according to the customs provisions of the Peace of Frankfurt .

During the Second World War , Elbeuf suffered severe damage from the 1944 bombing. The city was rebuilt, but the production of synthetic textiles since the 1950s contributed to the decline of traditional cloth manufacturing. Instead, other industries such as the chemical, electrical and automotive industries developed; Cléon bei Elbeuf is the location of a Renault plant.

Population development

1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999
18,988 19,407 19,116 17,224 16.604 16,666

From 1962 only residents with primary residence

Town twinning

A partnership between Elbeuf and the Lower Saxony city ​​of Lingen has existed since May 2004 .

Attractions

  • Town Hall Museum
  • Saint-Jean Church ( Monument historique 1992)
  • Synagogue (Monument historique)
  • Saint-Étienne church (from the 16th / 17th centuries)
  • Manufactories Delarue, Clarenson and Charles Houiller

Personalities

The following were born in Elbeuf:

Web links

Commons : Elbeuf  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alex Gardin: La guerre de 1870–1871 à Bernay . Les Éditions Page de Garde, Saint-Aubin-les-Elbeuf 1997, ISBN 2-84340-037-6 , p. 45 (French, first edition: 1898, reprint).