Bremen economy

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Bremen coat of arms (middle) .svg Coat of arms Bremerhaven.svg

The Bremen economy in the state of Free Hanseatic City of Bremen as a two-city state with the cities of Bremen and Bremerhaven is historically shaped by the Weser , the North Sea and the waterways and thus by the port economy in the Bremen / Bremerhaven port group with the city ​​ports and ports in Bremerhaven.

Port industry, trade, shipbuilding, automobile construction, aerospace, steel, electronics and food industry as well as services and high-tech are the characteristic economic sectors.

The gross domestic product in the state of Bremen, which is part of the European north-west metropolitan region, amounted to 33.7 billion euros in 2017 and had a share of around 1% in Germany. In 2017 it rose nominally by 5.0 percent (federal government 3.8 percent) and price-adjusted by 3.3 percent (federal government 2.2 percent) compared to 2016.

Bremen motto at the Bremer Schütting

The motto of the people of Bremen, especially in trade and commerce, is: “ Buten un Binnen, Wagen un Winnen ” (“outside and inside - weigh up and win”). It stands above the portal of the Schütting, the seat of the Bremen Chamber of Commerce on Bremen's market square .

Exclaves and enclaves of the city and state of Bremen and the city of Bremerhaven

history

City arms

The village of Bremen, located on a dune, was a ferry and stopover point for through traffic in the 8th century and initially lived from cattle farming. Due to its location on the Weser , Bremen soon established itself as a transshipment point for Frisian traders who traded with seaworthy ships on the coasts. The bellows (arm of the Weser) served as a natural harbor.

After the archbishop of Bremen settled here around 850, a city quickly emerged, which in 888 gained market and minting rights . Bremen coins were later put into circulation. The trade brought success and economic boom for the imperial city, which has been free since 1186 . A small upper class of around 30 families dominated the economic fundamentals in the 14th century. The Bremer Eke served as a frequently used inland vessel, especially in the 14th and 15th centuries.

Schlachte 1862

Bremen has been a member of the Hanseatic League four times since 1260 , which first existed as a merchant's and then as a city ​​council to represent common economic interests. The Bremen merchant fleet had around 65 ships around 1560. The Weser silted up increasingly. It became more difficult for the merchant ships to dock at the Schlachte in Bremen . From 1619 to 1623, the Vegesack harbor was therefore built downstream .

In 1451 the parents of the merchants had issued a statute. The organized self-administration of the Bremen economy began with the statutes for the “kopmann tho Bremen”. During the uprising of the 104 men , an unsuccessful revolt of 1532 attempted that the simple craftsmen would also have an equal share in the economic process. It was not until 1849 that the Chamber of Commerce and the Chamber of Crafts were established. In the Bremen citizenship with the 8-class suffrage from 1854, merchants (48 seats), tradespeople (24) and academics (16) dominated, taking 88 out of 150 seats.

Linz diploma

In 1646 Bremen became a Free Imperial City with the Linz diploma .

Direct transatlantic trade with the United States began in 1783 .

In order to gain access to maritime trade, Bremen acquired land at the mouth of the Weser in 1827 and founded Bremerhaven. The Bremen / Bremerhaven port group was created with the Bremen ports and the ports in Bremerhaven. In order to develop the Bremen ports, the Weser was straightened between 1875 and 1895 (the Weser correction ).

1870: NDL check-in hall

The trade in cotton, tea, rice, coffee, tobacco, wine and citrus fruits was very important. It emerged coffee roasters like Ronning 1894, Kaffee Hag in the 19th century. Eduscho to 1924. In 19-20. In the 19th century, the tobacco trade was pronounced in Bremen. The Bremen businessman Hermann Dietrich Upmann founded the banking house H. Upmann & Co in 1848 . with the cigar company Gebrüder Upmann & Co. Bremen, after his company H.Upmann in Cuba. However, the tobacco industry has largely migrated. A shipbuilding industry developed in the 19th century ( Lange 1816, AG Weser 1872, Bremer Vulkan 1893, Deschimag 1926). It lost its importance in Bremen after 1983/1997. Large shipping companies like Norddeutsche Lloyd (NDL) from 1857 shaped the economy. The Bremen Cotton Exchange was founded in 1872. Leading freight forwarders and logistics service providers have settled here.

Container terminal

Bremerhaven's economy was and is closely linked to the ports. In the fishing port of Bremerhaven from 1885 and especially in Geestemünde 1896 a large fishing fleet was located, has remained the food industry . Tropical fruits such as bananas were handled in the Kaiserhafen. The Bremerhaven container terminal , the Columbuskaje for passenger traffic from 1928, the shipyards in Bremerhaven and the handling of motor vehicles had and still have economic successes.

In 1890 the Northwest German Trade and Industry Exhibition took place as a trade show for business . In 1890 the German-American Petroleum Society was founded in Bremen , which later became the German Esso.

From 1847 the first train service took place on the Bremen – Hanover railway line . The railway network with many stations (including Bremen Hauptbahnhof 1847, Bremerhaven Hauptbahnhof 1914) was constantly expanded.

The Bremen Airport , since 1909 in Bremen, opened in 1920 for scheduled flights. An airport center was built around the 1995 terminal building . An aviation industry began here with Focke-Wulf , which was continued with Erno and Airbus Bremen .

Borgward Isabella

From 1924 to 1961, Borgward produced motor vehicles in Bremen, and the Mercedes-Benz works since the 1980s .

In 1908 the Norddeutsche Hütte was built in Bremen. The Bremen steelworks have existed here since 1957 .

In Bremen there was in 19./20. Century a number of larger breweries . There is currently Beck’s large brewery in Bremen .

After the Second World War , the Bremen economy experienced a significant boom. First of all, there were high growth rates in gross domestic product . The share of the business sector trade and industry decreased and the share in the service sector increased significantly. The number of commuters increased drastically after 1950, as many residents settled in the area around the two cities and worked in Bremen.

The traditional craft still had around 9,000 companies in Bremen in 1949; In 2005 it was still 2797. The very sharp decline in the textile industry was striking . In the two cities, the main construction trade played an important role during the period of reconstruction.

University of Bremen

With the construction of the University of Bremen since 1969, an economic area of ​​science developed at the university and in the neighboring Bremen Technology Park .

In the wind energy Bremerhaven companies were active from the 1990s.

The city tourism in the state of Bremen has received considerable importance since the 1980 / 1990s.

The unemployment rate in the state of Bremen from 1950 to 1980 was similar to that in Germany. After the relative loss of importance of the port-dependent economy in the 1990s, however, there were always significantly more unemployed people in the state of Bremen than in Germany. In Bremerhaven in particular, there was an increasing level of unemployment. This high unemployment rate led to a population decline.

Population development and economy

Population development in Bremen from 1350 to 2017

In 1350 Bremen had around 20,000 inhabitants, in 1748 there were 28,000 inhabitants, in 1875 102,499 citizens lived in the city, in 1911 then 250,000, at the end of 1945 already 366,427 inhabitants, in 1956 there were 507,952 inhabitants and in 2010 finally 547,340 inhabitants.

In 1845, 3,000 citizens lived in Bremerhaven , in 1900 there were 20,315 inhabitants, in 1945 in the unified Wesermünde 98,577 and in 1974 the highest level was reached with 144,529 inhabitants. After that, the number of inhabitants decreased significantly: in 2010 there were 113,366 inhabitants in Bremerhaven, a decrease of around 21%.

The long-term population development of Bremen and that of Bremerhaven resulted in Oldenburg , Wilhelmshaven and the surrounding communities in an economically strengthened north-west metropolitan region with 2.72 million inhabitants.

Economic sectors

According to the Bremen Chamber of Commerce, there were 5544 commercial businesses in Bremen in 2011, including 145 medium-sized businesses and the rest small businesses with fewer than 50 employees. 298 companies are training and hiring 3407 trainees.

In 2015, 5,311 businesses were registered in the state of Bremen, fewer than in the previous year. On average, the trades averaged 5892 registrations per year from 1996 to 2015. The developments in Bremerhaven and Bremen were different: In Bremerhaven the number of business registrations increased (+7.1 percent), in Bremen it was less (-9.9 percent).

Port and maritime industry

Container ship at the Bremerhaven container terminal
Bremen potash port

Note: For information about the individual locations, sea traffic, port handling, container ports, passenger traffic, vehicle handling and inland shipping, see the above main pages, especially for the Bremen / Bremerhaven port group .

Shipping played an important role in Bremerhaven and Bremen. It is still an important economic and labor market factor today. The Bremen ports in Bremen and Bremerhaven form the second largest German universal port. In 2017, 7328 merchant ships called at the ports in Bremen and Bremerhaven (previous year: 7222).

In 2005, 174,000 jobs nationwide were dependent on the Bremen ports, 86,000 of them in the state of Bremen.

In 2008, 74.5 million tons were handled in the port group in freight traffic by sea, in 2013 it was 78.8 million tons. In 2008, 9,646 ships with a total of 200 million  GT docked , of which 5,276  container ships , 1,627  general cargo ships , 1,050  ro-ro ships / ferries, 570 vehicle transport ships , 482  bulk carriers , 350  tankers , 78  passenger ships and 213 other ships. Container handling has a share of around 75%.

Bremerhaven can be reached by large container ships regardless of the tide with a draft of 12.8 m (13.8 m after expansion). The main focus of the growing transshipment activity is in Bremerhaven. The southernmost German seaport of Bremen focuses on value-added activities.

Bremen's most important trading partners are the USA, the PR China, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Netherlands, Poland, Finland, Great Britain, Latvia, Canada, Italy, United Arab Emirates, Hong Kong, India and Singapore. Almost half of the transhipment takes place to countries in Europe.

Are settled in Bremerhaven

In 2013, around 12.6 million tons of sea freight were handled in the ports of Bremen

  • right of the Weser:
    • the tide-free industrial port through the Oslebshausen lock, consisting of an oil port, a steelworks port, a coal port (power plant port), potash port, port A (port canal), port E and port F.
    • in the Überseestadt the wood and factory harbor, the Europahafen (only leisure harbor) and the grain harbor
    • in Farge the port for the Farge power station
  • left the Weser:
    • the Neustädter Hafen with the container terminal (near the freight center )
    • the small Hohentorshafen

In order to be able to handle ever larger ships, the state of Bremen and the state of Lower Saxony are participating in the JadeWeserPort in Wilhelmshaven , a port for very large container ships .

In addition, there are various smaller port facilities in Bremerhaven and Bremen as tanker ports, museum ports as well as yacht and tug ports.

The Maritime Week on the Weser is a seven-day, annual event in Bremen with the aim of providing information about the maritime economy, science and leisure opportunities.

Inland shipping

In 2012, the Bremen / Bremerhaven port group handled 6.4 million tons of goods in inland shipping (4.8 million tons of which in Bremen), which are transported by 6 to 7 thousand inland vessels. The location is one of the largest inland ports in Germany (7th place). Due to the many individual ports / berths , this traffic is very decentralized.

Port operations

The port operations were organized by the Hanseatic City of Bremen until 2002 and, after privatization, by the Bremenports port management company . The company based in Bremerhaven has 400 employees.

The transshipment areas are operated by

Industry

Bremen steelworks

In 1950, industry in the state of Bremen employed around 60,000 people. By 1960, the year with the highest number of employees in this field, the number of employees had increased by 80%; significantly more than the national average. After that, the number of employees continuously decreased slightly. After reunification, around 7,000 jobs were added again in the short term from 1989 to 1991. A particularly strong reduction in jobs then had to be recorded by 2006.

The largest industrial companies in Bremen were and still are Borgward until 1961 , the Mercedes works since the 1980s, the Bremen steelworks since 1957 , the Großwerft AG Weser until 1983 and the Bremer Vulkan until 1998, as well as the former shipyards Rickmers and Seebeck in Bremerhaven . Today, there are still to Genting Hong Kong is part of Lloyd Werft and medium-sized repairers German Dry Docks (formed from the merger of MWB Motorenwerke Bremerhaven and the Rickmers Lloyd -Dockbetriebe) and Bredo , which until July all the Petram group belonged and then from of the Heinrich Rönner Group . New industrial companies such as those for electrical engineering and electronics ( Atlas Elektronik , Lloyd Dynamowerke ), aerospace technology ( Astrium Bremen , Airbus Bremen , Orbitale Hochstechnologie Bremen (OHB) ), measurement , control and regulation technology ( Flowserve ), wind technology ( ForWind , Energiekontor , Energiequelle GmbH ) and areas of water and port management ( Kocks Krane ) emerged or expanded their position.

In a German comparison, Bremen (2014) is the fifth largest industrial location , after Hamburg, Wolfsburg, Munich and Cologne but ahead of Berlin. The industrial turnover in Bremen rose from 2011 to 2012 by around 1.4 billion to almost 23.6 billion euros per year. In Bremen, industry has a share of 27% of gross value added and the highest export quota of 55.1% (Lower Saxony: 44%, Hamburg: 24%).

In 2016, the sales of industrial companies in the state of Bremen rose by 3.2 billion euros (+13.6%) compared to 2015. Around 27 billion euros were turned over. The turnover in vehicle construction (road, air and water) rose by 25.0% to 18.4 billion euros (2006: 9 billion euros). The export quota was 62.5%.

The table of employees shows for the individual areas

  • that the heyday in shipbuilding after 1980 is over and after the bankruptcy of the Bremen volcano after 1998 it is no longer of any great importance,
  • that the number of employees in vehicle construction was significantly lower due to the bankruptcy of Borgward ,
  • the upswing in vehicle construction through the establishment of the Mercedes-Benz plants,
  • that in the food industry through rationalization the employment figures continuously decreased.
year Employees
in the state of Bremen		 Basic materials
and goods		 shipbuilding vehicles Diet,
tobacco		 machine
construction		 Employees
in Germany
number +/- in% number number number number number number +/- in%
1950 59,445 5,568 9.412 8,960 9,358 6,199 4.8 million
1960 107.289 + 80% 10,799 16,322 21,253 17,064 11,430 8.1 million + 69%
1970 101,557 - 5.3% 10,651 15,752 9,598 22,906 12,853 8.6 million + 6.0%
1980 89,564 - 11.8% 9,954 14,157 13,606 20,230 7,405 7.7 million - 10.5%
1990 82,380 - 8.0% 8,737 6,989 22,740 14,157 6,970 7.4 million - 3.8%
2000 64,801 - 21.3% ? 1,766 22,616 11,401 5,352 6.4 million - 13.5%
2006 55,753 - 13.9% ? 1,581 19,999 9,291 7,682 5.9 million - 7.8%
2016 48,082 ? ? ? ? ? ? Million -? %

Shipyards

Bremen
AG Weser in a model

After the 1980s, the Bremen shipyard industry suffered a dramatic decline due to the global shipyard crises.

Großwerften AG Weser and Bremer Vulkan had to close in 1983 and 1997, respectively. Other shipyards such as the Adler Werft (until 1964) and the Burmester Werft (until 1979) disappeared. The remaining shipyards such as Lürssen-Werft and Rolandwerft only have a small share in the Bremen economy.

Bremerhaven
Shipyards around 1900 in Bremerhaven on the Geeste
Floating dock in Bremerhaven

Many of the traditional shipyard operations in Bremerhaven such as Tecklenborg , Rickmers Reederei , Seebeck , Schichau and Siegholtwerft closed during the global shipyard crisis. The existing companies had to reduce their workforce significantly due to the lack of orders. Bremerhaven remains an important shipyard location with the Lloyd Werft Bremerhaven , MWB Motorenwerke Bremerhaven , the repair yards BREDO and Rickmers-Lloyd.

After the decline of the new construction business, the supply industry for shipyards in the repair business achieved lower added value.

Automotive industry

Mercedes-Benz factory, Hermann-Koenen-Strasse

The largest private employer in Hamburg, is the business with approximately 12,700 employees Mercedes-Benz Cars of Daimler AG belonging to the Bremen plant . C-Class vehicles , E-Class coupés and convertibles and models from the GLK , SLK and SL classes are manufactured there. In 2014 around 338,500 vehicles left the plant in Bremen-Sebaldsbrück .

From 1924 to 1961 the companies founded by Carl FW Borgward produced vehicles of the brands Borgward , Goliath , Hansa and Lloyd in Bremen . The new Borgward main plant in Sebaldsbrück, built in 1938, was taken over by Hanomag after the Borgward bankruptcy . After the takeover of Hanomag-Henschel by Daimler-Benz , the former Borgward plant was expanded from 1979 under the management of Wolfgang Schreck for the production of the new Mercedes-Benz 190 to become the second largest car plant of the Daimler group today after Sindelfingen .

steel

North German hut

From 1908 to 1911 the North German Hut was built in Bremen- Gröpelingen . The first chairman of the supervisory board and co-founder was NDL general director Heinrich Wiegand . The hut with an attached cement works existed until 1945.

In 1954, the Klöckner-Werke began building a steelworks at the same location , which began production of steel in 1957 . In 1985, the ingot rolling mill I was sold to Reiner Brach GmbH & Co. KG , after it had been shut down two years earlier when the ingot casting line was closed. Since 1994 the rest of the iron and steel works belonged to the Arbed group , since 2002 it has merged into the Arcelor group and since 2007 with ArcelorMittal . The ArcelorMittal Bremen plant employs around 3,100 people who can produce up to 4 million tons of crude steel.

Aerospace industry and air transport

First aircraft on Neuenlander Feld around 1910

In the New Town is the international Bremen Airport ( IATA airport code : BRE). The air traffic location has existed since 1909. The first scheduled flight from Bremen was started there in 1920 by the Dutch KLM . The Bremen tradition in aerospace technology goes back to the establishment of Bremer Flugzeugbau AG in 1923, from which the Focke-Wulf company later developed. This merged in 1961 with Weser-Flugzeugbau to form VFW (from 1981 part of Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB)). The VFW space division was spun off in 1964 to the Bremen ERNO ( Entwicklungsring Nord ) and in 1982 to MBB-ERNO. Today's Airbus plant emerged from the aircraft construction division of the former aerospace company DASA ( EADS from 2000 , Airbus Group since 2014 ). Astrium Bremen has been part of Airbus Defense and Space since 2014 . The civil and military space activities of the former EADS were merged into Astrium in 2006 .

An airport center with numerous branches of partly international companies has developed around the airport terminal building .

Energy industry

Wind energy

Wind turbine near Bremerhaven

Bremerhaven is a location of the offshore - wind energy activities in Germany. The share of mechanical engineering has grown in recent years due to preparations for the production of wind turbines for offshore wind parks . In Bremerhaven, especially in the fishing port area and in future in Luneort , companies in the wind energy industry and their suppliers with manufacturers such as WeserWind (Bremerhaven), Areva (France) and Senvion (ex. Repower, Hamburg) are located and developing . A new terminal for offshore wind turbine loading is to be built in 2015 in the Blexer Bogen in front of Luneplate.

Leading research institutions such as the Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology (IWES) and wind energy- specific courses at the Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences support the future task of wind energy.

Bremen: At the end of 2012 there were 77 wind turbines in Bremen with a total output of 149 MW. The annual electricity generation of 168,000 megawatt hours (MWh) in the city of Bremen is to be expanded to an annual production of 330,000 MWh by 2020, primarily through the replacement of more powerful systems; this corresponds to the needs of 120,000 households.

Thermal power plants

Power plant harbor

The following larger power plants exist in the city of Bremen :

In Bremerhaven there is the waste- to- energy plant on the A 27 motorway , which generates up to 100,000 MWh of electricity and around 300,000 MWh of district heating annually from the incineration of 285,000 Mg of waste . In 2011 it had a maximum net nominal heat output of 60 MW.

The increase in power plant capacities is also due to the planned extended running times of the hard coal-fired power plant Bremen-Hafen Block 6 until 2035, the Farge power plant until 2024 and the planned new construction of a gas and steam turbine power plant in Bremen-Mittelbüren with an output of 450 MW until 2013 become.

The largest energy supply company in the state of Bremen is swb AG in Bremen with 2470 employees, which maintains sales and networks in Bremen and Bremerhaven.

Hydropower

Due to the geographical location, the use of hydropower in Bremen is only possible to a limited extent. In connection with the Weser correction , there has been a dam in Bremen- Hastedt for over 100 years , which can generate electricity based on the water level. The new Weser power station in Bremen , a joint project by Enercon and swb, was put into operation in the winter of 2011/2012 with an electrical output of 10 MW.

Food industry

With an annual turnover of 3.3 billion euros (2010), the food industry is the second largest branch of industry in Bremen. The larger companies in this sector joined forces in 2011 in the state of Bremen to form the Food and Beverage Industry Association (NaGeB).

Bremen

Grain transport facility Bremen

Breweries

In Bremen there was still in 19./20. Century a number of larger breweries such as the Dreßler Brewery (1870 – around 1930), Hemelinger Actien Brewery (1876–1921) or the St. Pauli Brewery (1857–1918). There is currently Beck’s large brewery in Bremen .

Roasters

Coffee roasters have a long tradition in Bremen. The Roselius family ran a roastery in the 19th century that later supplied the Kaffee Hag brand , Carl Ronning founded his roasting company in 1894, and the Eduscho brand was created around 1924 by Eduard Schopf .

Tobacco industry

In the 19th and 20th The tobacco trade was pronounced in Bremen in the 19th century. The tobacco industry is down to the Martin Brinkmann AG , however, largely migrated.

Companies

The large Beck’s brewery in Neustadt has been a subsidiary of the Belgian Interbrew Group ( InBev ) since 2002 and, in addition to Beck'sBier, also produces the Haake-Beck and Hemelinger Spezial brands . Beck's employed around 1,500 people in Bremen in 2010 and sells around 8 million hectoliters of beer worldwide.

The Vitakraft-Werke from 1837 and since 1867 in Bremen- Hemelingen manufactures products for the pet supplies ago and has around 2000 and in Bremen 1,400 employees (2009).

The Mondelez Bremen , headquartered in Bremen Neustadt, is a subsidiary of mondelēz international (formerly Kraft Foods ) (USA) and 1300 employees, the German headquarters of the company. The production of soluble coffee (including Jacobs Krönung , Maxwell and Kaffee Hag ) takes place in Hemelingen, the decaffeination in Bremen's Holzhafen.

The Bremen grain transport system from 1897 and 1916, and partly as a new post-war building, was the largest system in Europe around 1919. It was operated by the Bremer Lagehausgesellschaft (BLG) until 1999 .

The Rolandmühle than Roland flour a major private production companies of Bremen's port industry. With 100 employees, 350,000 tons of grain are processed into flour products every year.

The Kellogg Germany GmbH has since 1963 based in Bremen and situated in the overseas city with around 500 employees (2009) cereal products and cereals ago with a turnover of 350 million euros.

The Rickmers Rice Mill Ltd. , originally adopted in 1837, Kellogg in 1963, since 1988 independent again, headquartered in Überseestadt produced rice products.

The Nordmilch GmbH is a company of the dairy industry with 2,452 employees (2010) and 2 billion, in the since 2011 Euros turnover Deutsche Milchkontor fused.

The Melitta Coffee Europe , based in Bremen, which is part of the company Melitta and responsible for the coffee business the Group in Germany.

The family company Gebr. Westhoff GmbH & Co.KG from 1868 in the Vahr with around 220 employees in Bremen and Berlin produces coffee, tea, drinking chocolate but also additional items such as u. a. Coffee cream, jam, glasses and porcelain or service items.

The Caffeine Compagnie from 1931 in Sebaldsbrück is the world market leader for the decaffeination of coffee and tea. The company was founded by Eduard Schopf .

The family business from 1925 of the Henry Lamotte Group with around 200 employees consists of Henry Lamotte Oils GmbH , supplier and producer of oils, fats, waxes etc. and Henry Lamotte Food GmbH , supplier of food to industry and trade.

The Bremer HACHEZ Chocolade GmbH & Co. KG has been active in chocolate production in the Neustadt district of Bremen since 1890 with 425 employees (2011) .

The Könecke Fleischwarenfabrik from 1929 is a large German food manufacturer in Bremen and Delmenhorst with approx. 1200 employees.

The Brinkmann tobacco factories GmbH in Woltmershausen , a company created in 1813, in 1878 was named, is currently a subsidiary in the British American Tobacco (BAT). It produces cigarettes (including Lux, Peer, Lord ) and pipe tobacco.

Bremerhaven

Food processing, especially the processing of fish and frozen food (vegetables, ready meals), is the most important food industry in Bremerhaven, following on from the fishing port turnover. Today, frozen fish are almost exclusively delivered by sea or on the road.

This area changed with the change in consumer habits from the dominance of fresh products (fish) to ready meals (pizzas) to frozen foods. As a large food company exist

  • the Frosta AG from 1905 to 1520 employees (2010) as German market leader in the frozen food industry
  • the North Sea from 1896 with 6000 employees (2010) is active in the fresh fish trade and as a restaurant chain. Around 1910 it had one of the largest fishing fleets in Germany, and around 1931 almost half of all German fishing vessels supplied the company.
  • the German See GmbH from 1939 to 1700 employees (2010) refined marine animals and is the German market leader here.

Tropical fruits such as bananas are handled in the port area, ripen here and are stored.

Craft

The craft had a great tradition in Bremen. In 1949 there were 8,832 companies with 40,872 employees. By 2005, the number of companies fell to 2,797 by around 70% and the number of employees to 23,708.

year State of Bremen of which employed in the trade of
Establishments Employ Construction /
finishing trade		 Electro
metal		 Wood
industry		 Textile
industry		 Food
medium		 Health
heitsgew.		 Glass, paper
ceramics
1949 8,832 40,872 13,642 9,903 3,338 5,793 3,899 3,074 1,223
1963 6,305 45,064 14,912 13,137 2,058 2,884 5,046 5,680 1,347
1977 4.153 36,682 9,674 13,376 1,214 1,273 3,766 6,335 1,224
1995 3,534 43,301 9,272 14,429 1.952 704 3,612 12,017 1,315
2005 2,797 23,708 4,494 11,488 572 182 1,650 4,708 614

The employment figures from 2005 only concern employees who are subject to social security contributions!

What is striking is the very strong decrease in the number of employees in the textile industry and the strong decrease in the construction and finishing trades. In the health and personal care sector, on the other hand, steady growth was recorded from 1949 to 1995.

construction industry

→ See also the list of Bremen housing associations

In the two cities, the construction industry played an important role, especially during the period of reconstruction after the Second World War. In 1951, 15,440 people were employed in construction, in 1964 the construction business boomed and around 25,000 employees contributed to the reconstruction of Bremen and Bremerhaven. Until 1972 around 22,000 workers remained in the construction industry. After that, the number of employees decreased drastically: in 1980 it was around 15,800, by 1990 around 10,700 and in 2006 there were only 3935 employees. The number of employees changed similarly to the national trend.

After 1980 the construction industry suffered a drastic downturn. In 2006 only 1/10 of the working hours were worked than in 1950.

In 1950 the share of working hours in residential construction was the highest at 44.3% due to reconstruction. 23.5% of the working hours were done for commercial buildings and 32.2% for public and transport buildings. In 1970, 30.4% of the hours were spent in housing construction and in 2006 only 23.8%. In 2006, in the rapidly shrinking construction industry, 45.8% of the hours were spent on commercial and industrial construction.

The Zech Group group of companies in Bremen is a major international construction company that, as a construction holding company, employed around 700 people in 2009 and performed construction work worth around 330 million euros.

Table of working hours in construction

The table is differentiated according to the shares for some areas in building construction and civil engineering according to residential, commercial and industrial construction as well as public and transport construction.

year Working hours housing Commercial and
industrial buildings		 Public,
u. Traffic construction		 including
building construction		 of which
civil engineering
number Percentage ownership % Percentage ownership % Percentage ownership % A. in% A. in%
1950 43,482 44.3 23.5 32.2
1970 35,625 30.4 30.8 38.8 8.3 30.5
1990 13,817 21.2 43.2 35.7 9.0 26.7
2006 4,235 23.8 45.8 30.4 4.2 26.2

trade

retail trade

In 1960 there were 7057 retail businesses in the state of Bremen with around 33,000 employees. In 1979 the number of companies fell by 31% to 4871 and the number of employees remained more or less constant at around 34,000. In 2005 this trade was concentrated on 4073 companies on the market with around 20,000 employees subject to social insurance and many other auxiliary workers.

In 1960 there were still 3795 mostly small shops with 10,727 employees in the food retail trade in all city quarters. 2005 dominated the consumer markets. Only 459 companies with 1769 employees supplied the population.

Shopping centers

As a large shopping center or shopping arcade , u. a. to be mentioned (in alphabetical order):

  • Columbus Center Bremerhaven an der Oberen Bürger from 1977 with around 75 shops on over 30,000 m² is connected to the Karstadt department store and the Hanse-Carree
  • Lloyd Passage in the center of Bremen with u. a. the department stores Galeria Kaufhof and Karstadt
  • Mediterraneo at the Havenplaza in the Havenwelten of Bremerhaven
  • Roland Center in Bremen- Huchting from 1972 with over a hundred specialist shops on around 30,000 m² of sales area
  • Waterfront Bremen from 2008 in the west of Bremen with over 80 shops on 300,000 m²
  • Weserpark , since the 1990s in Osterholz in the east of Bremen with over 120 shops on 120,000 m² total area, of which 66,000 m² is sales area

Restaurants

The number of restaurants in the state of Bremen increased only relatively slightly from 1960 with 1550 companies and 6336 employees until 1993 with 1780 companies with 9053 employees. In 2005 there were 1735 restaurants.

Further trading

The trade was and still is important with the Bremen Cotton Exchange.

Melchers & Co. KG has a long tradition in foreign trade . Univeg Germany is the leader in the fruit trade in Bremen .

In 19/20. In the 19th century, the tobacco trade was big in Bremen. However, the tobacco industry has migrated, u. a. because of the tax breaks for Berlin . What remains is Martin Brinkmann AG , which belongs to British American Tobacco (BAT).

Service economy

In 2008, around 14,000 service companies and institutions were statistically registered in the state of Bremen, in which around 200,000 people worked and had a turnover of around 23 billion euros. This includes services in the areas of transport, storage, shipping, aviation, postal and courier services, information and communication, publishing, real estate and housing, freelancers and consultants (including architects, engineers, legal, tax and business consultants) travel agencies, Tour operators, security services, building management and data processing.

→ See also the list of Bremen housing associations

Logistics economy

The ports in the state of Bremen are also the hub for goods of all kinds. The freight transport center in Bremen (GVZ) is important for logistics . The Bremer Lagerhausgesellschaft (BLG) with the BLG Logistics Group in Bremen-Mitte operate a. a. handling of automobiles in Bremerhaven and provides 14,000 jobs worldwide. Eurogate , a large European container terminal and logistics group with headquarters in Bremen and terminals in Bremerhaven, Hamburg and Wilhelmshaven, employs 4,500 people in Germany.

Leading freight forwarders and logistics service providers are located in the two port cities on the Weser . a. like the now Swiss company Kühne + Nagel in Bremen-Mitte, Röhlig Logistics in Bremen- Überseestadt with 1060 group employees, the company JH Bachmann an der Schlachte, which has been with the Danish logistics group DSV A / S since 2005 . The German Post AG operates in Bremen one of its 82 mail centers in Germany.

Bremen shipping companies

The Bremen shipping companies have traditionally been of great importance in the Hanseatic City of Bremen and the Maritime City of Bremerhaven with their location on the Weser and North Sea and the Bremen ports.

Bremen was the location of several large shipping companies. The most important was the North German Lloyd (NDL) as well as the German steamship company "Hansa" and the steamship company "Neptun" .

The shipping company FA Vinnen & Co. was founded in 1819 as the shipping company EC Schramm & Co. and is considered the oldest existing shipping company in Bremen. Today Sloman Neptun Schiffahrts AG is one of the largest shipping companies in Bremen.

Health economy

In Bremen are as

In Bremerhaven there is

  • the municipal clinic Bremerhaven- Reinkenheide with 700 beds and 1700 employees
  • the clinic at the Bürgerpark of the DRK hospital in Wesermünde with 252 beds
  • the St. Joseph Hospital Bremerhaven of the Catholic St. Franziskus Foundation Münster with 287 beds

Publishing and newspapers

A pronounced publishing industry was and is particularly evident in Bremen. Well-known existing publishers and newspapers are:

The newspaper industry is dominated in Bremen by the Weser-Kurier with many secondary newspapers and in Bremerhaven by the Nordsee-Zeitung. The advertising papers are the Bremer Anzeiger , formerly the Bremer Bürger-Zeitung from 1890, and the Weser Report .

tourism

Bremen: town hall, market, Roland and cathedral
Bremerhaven: Windjammer-Sail

For Bremen and Bremerhaven, tourism initially had no particular share in the economy after the Second World War . This economic sector has gained considerable importance since the 1990s. More than 33,000 people are employed in the state in the tourism sector. According to the self-assessment of the hotels (2015), around two thirds of all overnight stays are booked by business travelers.

Bremen

Important tourist destinations such as the Bremen town hall and the Bremen Roland am Markt were declared UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2004 . Other destinations such as Bremen's old town with the Bremen Cathedral and the renovated Schlachte an der Weser, Böttcherstraße , the renovated Schnoorviertel , the Kunsthalle Bremen , the Überseemuseum , the Bremer Freimarkt and the Rhododendron Park Bremen increased the attraction of the city.

Bremerhaven

The Columbus Cruise Center handled around 165,000 passengers at Columbuskaje in 2017. The Windjammer - Sail in Bremerhaven, which takes place every five years - most recently in 2010 with 241 ships from 15 nations - increased the attractiveness of the seaside city and tourism . The port flair in the area of ​​the old port and the new port directly on the Weser dike with the maritime-oriented facilities such as the German Shipping Museum , German Emigration Center , Bremerhaven Climate House as part of the Havenwelten increased tourism.

City tax

Bremen and Bremerhaven have been levying a bed tax of 5% on the net price for private overnight stays since July 2018.

Museums as a destination

The list of museums in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (2014) includes 39 institutions for the city of Bremen and 16 for Bremerhaven.

In 2014, 821,490 visitors came to the museums of the State of Bremer, of which around 451,000 (+ 6% compared to the previous year) in the city of Bremen and 370,544 (- 6%) in the seaside city of Bremerhaven.

Once a year, the city of Bremen organizes the Long Night of Bremen Museums with 21 museums, art exhibitions and historic houses

Guest numbers

Since around 1987 the number of guests in Bremen has increased significantly by around 140% and in Bremerhaven since 2000 by 32%.

The table of overnight stays in hotels does not include details of seaman's homes and youth hostels.

year Overnight stays Foreigners
share in%
State of Bremen City of Bremen Bremerhaven Bremen Bremerhaven
1960 638.007 490.906 147.201 22.0 16.0
1970 768.248 596.122 172.126 21.8 14.0
1980 732.222 573,372 158,850 25.1 27.6
1990 878.967 737.202 141,765 23.5 26.5
2000 1,248,708 1,075,864 172,844 24.2 20.3
2006 1,363,139 1,174,864 188.275 25.2 18.7
2010 1,455,491
2014 1,913,546 23.0
2015 2,374,748 1,993,683 361.065 23.0
2016 2,403,246 2,004,635 398.611 22.0
2019 2,815,631 2,350,379 465.252 20.3

In addition, there are around 100,000 overnight stays (2006) from seaman's homes and youth hostels.

The guests in Bremen came from 2014 a. a. from Great Britain (by 10%), the Netherlands (by 9%), France (by 6%), Spain (by 6%), the USA (by 5.2%), Sweden (by 5%), Finland (by 4 , 3%), Italy (4%), Norway (by 3.7%) and Russia (by 2.8%). In 1955, the proportion of guests from the USA was over 33%.

In 1970 there were 146 hotels and pensions in the state of Bremen, with around 4,000 beds, 115 of which were in Bremen and 31 in Bremerhaven. The number of hotels decreased, but the number of beds increased significantly. In 2006 there were 89 accommodation establishments with around 9,000 beds in the state of Bremen  , of which 73 hotels with 7,500 beds in Bremen and 16 hotels with around 1,500 beds in Bremerhaven.

The number of hotels increased in Bremen

  • by June 2010 to 82 houses with 8,429 beds
  • to 87 houses with 9,161 beds by July 2012
  • by the end of 2014 to 93 houses with 10,600 beds
  • to 96 houses with 12,537 beds by the end of 2019

In 2009 there were 1.43 million day tourists and around 380,000 overnight guests in Bremerhaven. The number of recorded overnight guests in commercial establishments with more than eight beds rose from 205,000 to 300,000 by around 50% between 2003 and 2009. The Klimahaus Bremerhaven and the Havenwelten made an important contribution to the increase in visitor numbers . Of the 600,000 increase in visitors compared to 2008 and 2009, 350,000 to 400,000 are attributed to the Klimahaus.

In 2011, the number of overnight stays in Bremen increased significantly to 1.57 million. Around 40 million day visitors, 65% of whom were business travelers, visited Bremen. The tourism industry turned over 1.5 billion euros. Tax revenues of EUR 21 million were achieved in 2011.

In 2014, 1,015,107 guests visited the city of Bremen, and 1,913,546 overnight stays (1.9 nights per visitor) were recorded. A gross turnover of 1.76 billion euros was achieved. 31,000 employees made a living from it. Around 2 million other city visitors stayed with relatives or friends in 2014.

In 2012, over a million guests stayed in the 11,211 beds in the accommodation industry in the state of Bremen. On average, visitors spend 1.7 days in the city of Bremen or 2.0 days in Bremerhaven.

Other service companies

  • The Brunel GmbH is an international company in Bremen for technology and management. It provides engineering services for development, construction, verification , testing and prototyping as well as management support in the fields of engineering , information technology and finance. 8000 employees work worldwide, 2100 of them in Germany. In 2011 it achieved sales of 980 million euros in 35 countries.
  • Zero GmbH is a European fashion company based in Bremen. Clothing, jewelry, footwear and fashion accessories are sold. In 2008 there were 485 employees who achieved a turnover of over 100 million euros.

Agriculture

Meadows and pastures in the blockland

The agriculture has in the city state is very little meaning. After all, there were still 2,277 establishments in 1949, of which 1902 in Bremen and 375 in Bremerhaven. In 2007, only 210 farms with an area of ​​8,474 hectares were statistically shown in the state of Bremen, around 25% of the area of ​​the state. Of these, 21 farms with 3,117 hectares were 100 hectares and more.

In 1950, 5,365 hectares of arable land were cultivated; in 2007 it was 1,544 hectares. The number of animals (horses, cattle, pigs, sheep) - 47,088 in 1950 - also decreased. In 2007 there were around 12,900 head of cattle in 171 farms, around a quarter of the number of 1950. In 2011 there were around 200 dairy and livestock farms. Most companies have part-time management with additional offers for u. a. Leisure and tourism. The reasons for the decline in agriculture are obvious, as considerable areas had to be used as building land for the growing settlement of the two cities.

Economic data and developments

General

In 2005 and 2017, the following were active in the city of Bremen in the economic sectors:

The number of people in employment whose place of work is in Bremen rose continuously. In 2014 418,200, in 2015 around 420,000, in 2016 around 425,000 and 2017 around 429,000 people were gainfully employed; from that

  • 24% employees not subject to social security contributions
  • 33.4% women subject to social security contributions
  • 42.6% men subject to social security contributions

The average working time of the Bremen employees was 1324 hours per year, i.e. the equivalent of 165 working days of eight hours each.

In the future atlas 2016 , the independent city of Bremen took 282th place out of 402 districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany, while Bremerhaven only came 387th.

gross domestic product

After the Second World War, the Bremen economy experienced a significant upswing since 1951. In the 1950s, growth rates in real gross domestic product between 6 and 16.9% were recorded and were often higher than the national trend. From 1958 to 1964, the Bremen economy had to accept significantly lower growth rates than in Germany. During this time, Borgward went bankrupt and the supply industry stagnated. After that, the gross domestic product in Bremen until 1981 mostly developed as in the national trend. In 1982 the gross domestic product fell significantly below the federal level with a growth rate of -3.2% and until 1986 it remained below that of the federal government. Since 1987 the growth rates of Bremen and the federal government have been similar again.

The price-adjusted gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 1.2% in 2012 compared to the previous year. The highest growth rate of + 3.6% was measured in the information and communication sector .

The gross domestic product in the state of Bremen rose nominally by 4.9 percent in 2015 compared to 2014. This corresponds to a price-adjusted increase of 2.7 percent (Germany: 1.7 percent).

The table gross domestic product compares growth and employment in the state of Bremen and in Germany.

year gross domestic product growth Employed
Bremen Germany Bremen German Bremen
total per
employment.		 total per
employment.		 number
Billion euros Thousand euros Billion euros Thousand euros in % in % in thousands
1950 0.9 3.3 49.6 2.5 6.1 9.8 266
1960 2.6 7.3 155 5.9 0.5 8.7 356
1970 5.1 14.1 360 13.6 6.4 5.1 362
1980 11.2 29.6 788 28.8 4.3 1.4 378
1990 16.9 43.6 1306 42.9 6.9 5.3 387
2000 22.1 57.1 2062 52.7 4.2 3.2 387
2006 25.4 66.4 2322 59.4 2.0 2.9 382
2015 31.6 3026 2.7 1.7
2018 34.3 3386 2.1 1.4

The gross domestic product (GDP) in the state of Bremen is well above the national German average. In 2014, the state of Bremen took second place with 46,000 euros per inhabitant. Compared with the city-states, Hamburg had 59,000 euros per inhabitant (1st place) and Berlin 34,200 euros per inhabitant (7th place). In terms of GDP per employed person, the state of Bremen came fifth among the federal states with 68,533 euros.

Employees

The number of employees in the state of Bremen increased sharply by 34% between 1950 and 1960 due to the economic boom of the 1950s and also due to the population growth (+ 19%). After that there is only a slight increase of 7% until today. Due to the workplace censuses, double counts may be included for 1950.

As in all modern economies, the share of the manufacturing sector decreased significantly from 1950 with a share of 46.8% to 2006 with 21.5%. The share of trade and transport remains at a constant level of around 30%. On the other hand, the share in the employment structure in the services sector in Bremen has increased very significantly since 1950 from 24.1% to 2006 with 48.9%.

The tertiary sector (III) with trade, transport and services increased in Bremen from 1950 with a share of 53.2% to a share of 78.6% (2006). In that year, around 69% of the economic sectors in Germany worked in the tertiary sector (III) and 31% in the manufacturing sectors ( I and II ).

The number of employees subject to social security contributions in the state of Bremen increased significantly in 2012.

In 2013 the number of people in employment increased in Bremen. Around 417,500 people were employed. The decisive factor for the development was the increase in employment in the service sector, which has a share of around 81 percent. A total of around 337,000 people work here in Bremen. Around 65,000 people were employed in the manufacturing industry (excluding the construction industry).

year Employed Manufacturing sector Trade and transport Services
number number in % number in % number in %
1950 266,000 124,400 46.8 77,500 29.1 64,100 24.1
1960 356,500 165,200 46.3 113,100 31.7 78,100 21.9
1970 362,400 142,400 39.3 119,100 32.9 100,900 27.8
1980 378,500 127,700 33.7 117,400 31.0 133,300 35.2
1990 387,800 115,400 29.8 119,700 30.9 152,700 39.4
2000 387,500 94,600 24.4 117,500 30.3 175,400 45.3
2006 382.200 82,000 21.5 113,400 29.7 186,800 48.9

Foreigners

The relatively constant share of employed foreigners in the state of Bremen decreased slightly between 1975 and 2006 from 7% to 6.2%. Of the foreigners, 45.3 (1975) to 34.6% (2006) came from Turkey , 12.7 to 7.9% from Yugoslavia , 5.3 to 1.6% from Spain and 3.3 to 2, 3% from Italy . In Germany in 1975 around 10% and in 2006 around 7% foreigners were employed subject to social security contributions.

Commuters

The number of commuters in the state of Bremen has increased dramatically since 1950. In 1950, the share of the commuter balance of outbound and inbound commuters was 12.6% of the workforce. After that, many residents settled in the area around Bremen and Bremerhaven. In 2006, the share of outbound and inbound commuters accounted for 30.2% of the total, or in figures: 82,053 people in employment came from the surrounding area, mainly from Lower Saxony . The income tax in Germany has been changed since 1970 . Before the taxes were split up and paid to the country of residence (60%) and to the country of employment (40%), after that the income tax was only paid to the country of residence. For the state budget of Bremen, the loss of income from this tax grew rapidly.

The number of commuters continued to increase until 2013.

In the table of employed persons and commuter balance , the employed persons are compared from 1950 onwards and those who are subject to social insurance contributions from 1992 onwards .

year Employed Commuters Commuters Commuter balance
number number number number in %
1950 266,000 1,383 34,920 33,537 12.6
1961 363,400 9,898 59,122 49,224 13.5
1970 362,400 13,478 68,342 54,864 15.1
1992 314,493 27.305 107,704 80,399 25.6
2000 283,576 33,721 112.293 78,572 27.7
2006 271,867 33,269 115,322 82.063 30.2
2013 305.265 42,360 126,000 83,640 27.4
2013 326,500 45,800 130,700 84,900 26th

Unemployed

The unemployment rate in the state of Bremen between 1950 and 1980 was between 1 and 10%, as in Germany. According to this, there were always significantly more unemployed people in the state of Bremen (7 to 18%) than in Germany (5 to 13%). In Bremerhaven in particular, more and more unemployed people had to be accepted than in Bremen. Since around 1995, 18 to 25.6% were unemployed in Bremerhaven, while in Bremen 13 to 16.6%.

The high unemployment rate in the seaside city of Bremerhaven led to a significant population decline of around 30,000 inhabitants (around 21%).

Table unemployment rate in% (2011 in June) :

year City of Bremen Bremerhaven State of Bremen Federal territory
1950 9.4% 12.7% 10.1% 11.0%
1960 1.0% 1.5% 1.1% 1.3%
1980 5.3% 5.8% 5.3% 3.8%
1990 13.1% 15.5% 13.5% 7.2%
2000 13.5% 17.7% 14.2% 10.7%
2005 16.6% 25.6% 18.3% 13.0%
2011 10.6% 16.6% 11.6% 6.9%

Expressed in some absolute numbers, there were 21,700 unemployed in the state of Bremen in 1950. In 1960 there were only 3,400 and in 1969, with 2,400 unemployed, the lowest level after the world war was reached. In 1980 there were already 15,765 unemployed and in 2005 the highest number was reached with 53,223 unemployed, 40,527 of them in Bremen and 12,697 in Bremerhaven. In 2011 there were 37,496 unemployed in the state of Bremen

Commercial and industrial areas

Due to the high demand for commercial space, the economic deputation passed a commercial program 2020 (GEP 2020) in 2012 .

The largest commercial and industrial areas are:

In Bremen

  • The district of harbors on both sides of the Weser with the Bremen industrial park in the district of industrial ports with an area of ​​approx. 140 ha
  • The city ​​center as a shopping, trading, banking, administration and media center with around 1,300 hectares
  • The Bremen Freight Transport Center (GVZ) in Neustadt with an area of ​​approx. 472 hectares
  • The Überseestadt in Walle with an area of ​​approx. 290 hectares
  • The industrial areas in Neustadt an der Neuenlander Straße - Oldenburger Straße (B 75) with an area of ​​over 210 hectares, with the Airport City at Bremen Airport , with Airbus Bremen (3,000 employees) and Astrium Bremen , with the Ochtum industrial area, with Nordmilch -Central headquarters and with the Bremer Straßenbahn AG
  • The Bremen Technology Park around the University of Bremen with an area of ​​approx. 172 ha
  • The Hansalinie business park in Hemelingen with an area of ​​approx. 155 hectares
  • The Mercedes-Benz-Werke Bremen industrial park in Sebaldsbrück with an area of ​​around 70 hectares
  • The Bremer Vulkan industrial and commercial area in Vegesack with an area of ​​around 50 hectares
  • The Bayernstraße industrial park in Walle with approx. 60 hectares
  • The Bremer-Kreuz industrial park in Osterholz with an area of ​​around 50 hectares
  • The industrial area Alte Neustadt directly on the Weser with approx. 40 hectares, with u. a. the Beck & Co brewery and Mondelēz Bremen (formerly Kraft Foods)
  • The Weserpark in Osterholz with an area of ​​approx. 25 hectares, with the Metro Group shopping center
  • The Farge -Ost industrial park with an area of ​​approx. 22 ha

In Bremerhaven

Institutions for the economy

Public facilities

State of Bremen

City of Bremen

  • The Senator for Economic Affairs is also the municipal administration.
  • The Senator for Economic Affairs is responsible for companies that are majority owned by Bremen:

City of Bremerhaven

  • The magistrate with the department for economics and the finance and economics committee - area economics
  • Bremerhaven Society for Investment Promotion and Urban Development (BIS), central contact in the Seestadt

Chambers

The Bremen chambers professional body corporate of public law governing the relationship between the state of Bremen and the individual private enterprises and service providers.

  • The Bremen Chamber of Commerce - IHK for Bremen and Bremerhaven represents the interests of the commercial economy in Bremen and Bremerhaven. The Chamber of Commerce has its seat in Schütting .
  • The Chamber of Commerce and Industry Bremerhaven (IHK), Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 4/6, was the self-governing organization of the commercial economy in Bremerhaven until 2016
  • The Bremen Chamber of Crafts represents the interests of the skilled crafts with over 4900 companies and around 31,000 employees in the state of Bremen. It is based in the commercial building in Bremen .
  • The Bremen Chamber of Employees takes care of the interests of around 290,000 employees in the state of Bremen and provides public legal advice.
  • The Bremen Chamber of Agriculture has the task of advising and informing farmers.
  • The Chamber of Physicians, Pharmacists, Architects, Hanseatic Bar and Notaries, Tax Advisors, Engineers and Dentists are the other representatives of the liberal professions in Bremen.

Trade fairs and events

Trade fairs and events for the economy a. Organized by the Bremen Economic Development Corporation and its subsidiaries HVG Hanseatische Veranstaltungs GmbH , Bremen Marketing GmbH and MGH Messe- und Expositiongesellschaft Hansa GmbH as well as by the Event and Exhibition Center Bremerhaven.

There are locations in the state of Bremen:

Well-known, regular, business-oriented trade fairs and events are:

literature

  • Karl Marten Barfuß : Trade and Change in the "Golden Age" of Bremen . In: Preservation of monuments in Bremen - Historicism and the early days of the first period of publications of the State Office for Monument Preservation , Vol. 13, Edition Temmen , Bremen 2016, ISBN 978-3-8378-1048-6 .
  • Karl Marten Barfuß: The reconstruction of the ports of Bremen after the Second World War from a technical, port economic and port political point of view . In: Bremisches Jahrbuch , vol. 69, Bremen 1990.
  • Karl Marten Barfuß, Hartmut Müller, Daniel Tilgner (eds.): History of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen from 1945 to 2005 , Volume 1: 1945–1969. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2008, ISBN 978-3-86108-575-1 .
  • Horst Lange: History of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen from 1945 to 2005 . Volume 4: Statistics . Edition Temmen, Bremen 2008, ISBN 978-3-86108-575-1 .
  • Bremen Chamber of Commerce: Annual report 2010 .
  • Bremen State Statistical Office: Bremen information system .
  • State Statistical Office Bremen: General Statistics .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Press release from the State Statistical Office of Bremen on March 28, 2018.
  2. ↑ The Senator for the Interior: Commercial activity in the state of Bremen 2015 . In: Press Office of the Senate : Communication from February 26, 2016.
  3. ^ Research project of the Kieserling Foundation . In: The Senator for Economics and Ports of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (ed.): Die Bremische Häfen - Hafenspiegel 2009 .
  4. ^ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: New berths for inland vessels . In: Daily port report from October 1, 2013, p. 2.
  5. ↑ "Petram sells shipyard business to Rönner Group" , Die Welt from July 24, 2019, accessed on July 30, 2019
  6. ^ Corinna Tonner: Bremen overtakes Berlin . In: Weser-Kurier of September 4, 2014, p. 13.
  7. ↑ Press release of the State Statistical Office of Bremen from February 17, 2017: Industry in the State of Bremen 2016: Powerful catching up in most companies .
  8. ↑ Annual Report Daimler AG 2014.
  9. ^ Status of wind energy expansion in Germany . ( Memento of the original from March 31, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 541 kB). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wind-energie.de
  10. ↑ New wind turbines for Bremen . In: Weser-Kurier of May 4, 2012, p. 9.
  11. ↑ Official information from the Federal Network Agency dated December 12, 2012.
  12. ↑ The sanatorium for business, work and ports: Bremen tourism continues to grow . Press release of the Senate of February 29, 2016.
  13. ↑ Florian Schwiegershausen: New passenger record in Bremerhaven . In: Weser-Kurier from January 3, 2018.
  14. ↑ Iris Hetscher: Bremen museums have more visitors . In: Weser-Kurier of February 17, 2015, p. 1.
  15. ↑ Anke Landwehr: One million visitors in Bremen and Sommerloch has disappeared . In: Weser-Kurier of February 28, 2015, pp. 1 and 13.
  16. ↑ Anke Landwehr: One million visitors in Bremen and Sommerloch has disappeared . In: Weser-Kurier of February 28, 2015, pp. 1 and 13.
  17. ↑ The sanatorium for business, work and ports: Bremen tourism continues to grow . Press release of the Senate of February 29, 2016.
  18. ↑ Anke Landwehr: One million visitors in Bremen and Sommerloch has disappeared . In: Weser-Kurier of February 28, 2015, pp. 1 and 13.
  19. ↑ Anke Landwehr: One million visitors in Bremen and Sommerloch has disappeared . In: Weser-Kurier of February 28, 2015, pp. 1 and 13.
  20. ↑ Press release of the Senator for Economy, Labor and Europe of March 2, 2020: The number of tourists in Bremen is increasing steadily
  21. ↑ Bremen reports record visit . In: Weser-Kurier from January 19, 2012, p. 1.
  22. ↑ Mira Knauf: The Chinese are coming . In: Weser-Kurier of February 9, 2012, p. 13.
  23. ↑ State Statistical Office Bremen on the Statistical Yearbook 2013. In: Press release of the Senate of December 13, 2013.
  24. ^ Andrea Tiedemann: Bremen's agriculture . In: Weser-Kurier from January 20, 2012, p. 3.
  25. ^ Newsletter of the Senate Press Office of January 26, 2018.
  26. ^ Helge Hommers: Bremen in numbers . In: Weser-Kurier of September 17, 2018.
  27. ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.prognos.com
  28. ↑ Press release of the Senate of December 13, 2013.
  29. ↑ Press release of the Bremen State Statistical Office of March 30, 2016.
  30. ↑ a b c Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices according to NUTS 3 regions. Eurostat , February 26, 2016, accessed on December 2, 2016 .
  31. ↑ Press office of the Senate: The number of employees subject to social security contributions is steadily increasing . Newsletter of October 17th, 2014.
  32. ^ Announcement from the State Statistical Office in the Senate Press Office newsletter of January 24, 2014.
  33. ↑ Christian Weth: The flow of commuters - Study: Number of employees from the surrounding area is increasing . In: Weser-Kurier of October 6, 2014, p. 7.