Wustrow (Fischland)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 54 ° 21 '  N , 12 ° 24'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Western Pomerania-Ruegen
Office :	Darß / Fischland
Height :	2 m above sea level NHN
Area :	6.89 km 2
Residents:	1099 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	160 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	18347
Area code :	038220
License plate :	VR, GMN, NVP, RDG, RÜG
Community key :	13 0 73 103
Office administration address:	Chausseestr. 68A 18375 Born a. Darß
Website :	www.ostseebad-wustrow.de
Mayor :	Daniel Schimmelpfennig ( CDU )
Location of the municipality of Wustrow in the Vorpommern-Rügen district

The Ostseebad Wustrow is a community that emerged from a former fishing and seafaring village in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania on the Baltic Sea , in the Mecklenburg region . Today Wustrow is mainly characterized by tourism.

Wustrow is on the Fischland between the Baltic Sea and Saaler Bodden . Immediately south of the town near the Permin lies the narrowest part of the peninsula, only 100 m wide.

Geography and traffic

Wustrow is located on the Fischland peninsula at the beginning of the narrowing between the Baltic Sea and the Saaler Bodden. As a former island, the Fischland was bordered by the mouth of the Recknitz , which was navigable until the 14th century : the Permin in the south and the Loop in the north .

The town of Ribnitz-Damgarten and the B 105 are about 15 kilometers southeast of the municipality, and Rostock is about 40 kilometers southwest . The A 19 can be reached via the Rostock-Ost junction (approx. 35 kilometers).

Wustrow is connected to the Baltic Sea Cycle Route , which as one of the European EuroVelo routes leads around the whole of the Baltic Sea.

history

Surname

The name Wustrow is derived from Slavic and means “place surrounded by water” or “place on the island”.

Antiquity and the Middle Ages

In the area of today's fish country settled at the time of the great migrations of the Slavic tribe of Wirzen on. At that time, Fischland was an island on which a Slavic sanctuary was built on an artificial hill at the site of today's church ( see also Svantovit ). The place was called Swante Wustrow (holy island) earlier .

Wustrow was first mentioned in a deed of gift from Pope Gregory IX in 1235 . mentioned at the Cistercian monastery of Dünamünde in Livonia . In 1395 the Permin south of Wustrow was filled in on behalf of Hanseatic cities to make access to the Baltic Sea more difficult for the competitor Ribnitz . Since then, Wustrow has not been on an island. In 1528 the Fischland and thus also Wustrow came into the possession of the Ribnitz nunnery , then later changed to the so-called dominal property, i.e. it became the property of the Mecklenburg duke.

1800 to 1900

The farmers residing in Wustrow were not free farmers, but had received their hooves as inheritance. It was not until 1870 that they became leaseholders and finally in 1919 they became owners of the land. The place was strongly influenced by fishing and shipping . The region's abundance of fish, particularly herring stocks , became an important source of income. Smoked herring from Fischland was even exported to Saxony. During the heyday of sailing in the middle of the 19th century, around 240 ships had their home port in Wustrow. In the course of time, shipping claimed the lives of around 500 residents of Fischland who did not return from the sea. The developing motor shipping ended in the second half of the 19th century sailing shipping as an important branch of the economy in Wustrow and the surrounding area.

In 1846 the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Navigation School was founded in Wustrow . It was later renamed the Maritime School and in 1969 it was expanded to become the Warnemünde-Wustrow Maritime Engineering College , the first university for civilian ship officers and captains in German-speaking countries. In 1991 the university was closed and the buildings were partially demolished in the following period.

Beach of Wustrow, which belongs to the Fischland peninsula.

Historic high-floor house in Wustrow

In 1869 a large fire in Wustrow destroyed 43 Büdner houses and five farms . The Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71 brought considerable disruption to merchant shipping. In 1872 there was a severe storm flood on the coasts of Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania . Many houses in Wustrow were destroyed. In addition, large parts of the dunes were washed away. An emergency bridge had to be built over the breakthrough from the Baltic Sea to the Bodden. In response to this natural disaster , a new dike was built. In 1873, the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg inaugurated the brick church, which was built in place of the dilapidated stone church that was demolished in 1869. He paid 30,671 of the 32,711 thalers construction costs himself. In addition, almost all damage caused by the great fire had been repaired by 1873. This brought larger and more massive houses with it and also shaped the new image of the village. Some farms have been moved outside.

In 1880 a non-profit association was founded to promote tourism. This played an increasingly important role in local economic life in the period that followed.

Modern times

Port of Wustrow

At the end of the Second World War , Wustrow and the Darß were conquered by the invading Soviet troops. After the end of the war, Wustrow became part of the Soviet occupation zone and belonged to the GDR from 1949 .

Hotels and numerous holiday homes have been built since 1990. The town center has been thoroughly redeveloped since 1991 as part of urban development funding, and a pier was built in 1993 . In 2000 Wustrow accommodated about 36,000 guests. On the site of the seafaring school (closed since 1991) on the outskirts, a complex of holiday and owner-occupied apartments was completed in 2020, integrating former school buildings.

politics

District affiliation

From 1933 to 1952 Wustrow was part of the Rostock district , then the Ribnitz-Damgarten district . From 1994 to 2011 the community belonged to the district of North Western Pomerania , since the district reform in 2011 to the district of Western Pomerania-Rügen .

coat of arms

The coat of arms designed by Andreas Dietzel from Ribnitz-Damgarten was approved by the Ministry of the Interior on August 20, 1997 and registered under the number 134 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Blazon : "A silver brig in blue , accompanied by a shining golden sun at the top right."

Attractions

The Wustrower Church

→ See also the list of architectural monuments in Wustrow (Fischland)

• The church , which was built between 1870 and 1873, allows a panoramic view of the Fischland , the Saaler Bodden and the Baltic Sea from its tower . The 18 meter high church tower used to be important as a navigation mark . The free access to the tower should offer the nautical students the opportunity to practice navigating here . In summer there are regular organ concerts on the new large organ in the church .
• The Fischlandhaus is a former captain's house, in which readings, concerts, cabaret and year-round changing exhibitions on local history topics or works by artists from the region take place today. The building was built around 1800 as a Büdnerei with the thatched hipped roof typical of the bay . The listed building was renovated for the 775th anniversary of Wustrow in 2010. The Schifferwiege in Neue Straße is the oldest house in the community. Its name is derived from a midwife who is said to have lived here and who gave birth to children who later went to sea as captains or helmsmen. Other sources indicate that the name can be traced back to a 1935 novel by Carl von Bremen of the same name. The former Imperial Post Office from 1895 is also a listed building. It was renovated in 2001 after the post office was closed and has been the tourist information office since 2003 .
• In addition to the Bäderstraße on the Baltic Sea side, the sculpture group The Gate to the Year 2000 by artists from the region is a new landmark on the dike . In 2008 the community set up a culture trail Follow the blue stones . This symbol marked places worth seeing, where personalities from maritime life, art or culture lived and worked who shaped the community.
• In the listed district of Barnstorf, which is located on a small peninsula directly on the Saaler Bodden, there are some farms with the typical Low German hall houses that date from the first half of the 18th century. In one of the barns, the Barnstorf art barn by Gabi and Peter Eymael, there are exhibitions of works by mainly North German artists. These include painterly art, sculptures, sculptures, jewelry and ceramics.
• In addition to a long Baltic Sea beach , Wustrow also has a port on the Saaler Bodden . He is best known for the Zeesenboot , former fishing boats, distinctive for the brown color of their sails.
• The graves of captains and artists such as Hedwig Woermann are located in the northwestern cemetery .
• The sea ​​rescue boat Persch is stationed in the historic rescue shed of the DGzRS from 1907 . It is located on the beach road, at the end of which there is a pier from 1993.
• The Wustrower wind turbine from 1989 with a rotor height of 25 meters is a technical monument .

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

• Walther Koß (1904–1945), editor, archivist and local history researcher
• Hans-Helmut Klose (1916–2003), German naval officer, most recently Vice Admiral of the German Navy and Deputy Commander of the Fleet
• Klaus Praefcke (1933–2013), chemist
• Uwe Stock (* 1947), judoka

Associated with Wustrow

in the order of the year of birth

• Nicolaus Permien (1792–1860), founder of the private navigation school Wustrow from 1824/1825
• Ernst Friedrich Schütz (1821–1880), from 1846 to 1880 the first director of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Navigation School
• Christian Johann Friedrich Peters (1822–1889), elementary teacher at the navigation school from 1840 to 1884, author of the first historically coherent description of the Fischland
• Ulrich Lettow (1865–1934), fish doctor and ground monument curator with a collection of Stone Age finds from the region
• Johann Jaenichen (1873–1945), sculptor, in Wustrow from 1919 to 1945
• Dora Menzler (1874–1951), gymnastics teacher, taught from 1920 to 1931 in Wustrow
• Ludwig Mât (1878–1924) teacher in Wustrow, collected Stone Age finds on the Fischland, especially on the Hohen Ufer Althagen / Niehagen, report from 1908ff.
• Hedwig Jaenichen-Woermann (1879–1960), painter and sculptor, lived and worked from 1919 in the Storchenhaus
• Erich Theodor Holtz (1885–1956), painter, lived and worked in Wustrow
• Walter Homburg (1885–1977), navigation teacher and author, taught from 1911 to 1945 at the navigation school, standard work on nautical navigation
• Walter Steinfatt (1900–1988), navigation teacher, taught from 1931 to 1945 at various seafaring schools
• Heinrich Hauser (1901–1955), writer, documentary filmmaker and photographer, lived and worked in Wustrow from 1925 to 1938. His novel "Brackwasser", which was awarded the Gerhart Hauptmann Prize , is set in the community.
• Hedwig Holtz-Sommer (1901–1970), painter
• Walter Kramer (1902–1990), goldsmith, founder of Fischland jewelry
• Gerhard Rose (1906–1978), seafaring school teacher from 1949 to 1969 and author
• Gerhard Vetter (1918–1971), nude photographer in Wustrow from 1956 to 1967
• Claus Stier (1936–2016), pastor and author
• Joachim Gauck (* 1940), pastor and Federal President, as a child in Wustrow

Web links

Commons : Wustrow  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Wustrow (Fischland)  - travel guide

• Internet presence of the Kurverwaltung Ostseebad Wustrow
• Information from the Fischland-Darß-Zingst e. V.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Municipality of Ostseebad Wustrow on the website of the Draß-Fischland office , accessed on October 12, 2017
3. ^ Tourismusverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern eV: Baltic Sea Cycle Route . In: Tourismusverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern eV ( auf-nach-mv.de [accessed on May 12, 2017]).
4. ↑ translator2: EuroVelo 10 - EuroVelo. Retrieved May 12, 2017 . 
5. ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place names in Meklenburg . In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology . - Vol. 46 (1881), p. 162
6. ↑ Fischlandhaus Wustrow
7. ↑ Maja Kunze: Fischland Darß Zingst 3rd edition. Tanja Onken via Reise Verlag, Berlin, 2011, ISBN 978-3-935029-41-4 , page 44
8. ^ Kurverwaltung Ostseebad Wustrow (Hrsg.): Kulturpfad - Ostseebad Wustrow. Klatschmohn Verlag Druck + Werbung GmbH & Co. KG, Bentwisch 2008
9. ↑ Along the blue stones website of the Baltic seaside resort Wustrow, accessed on July 18, 2012.
10. ↑ https://www.kulturwerte-mv.de/