North district

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 36 '  N , 7 ° 12'  E
Basic data (as of 1977)
Existing period:	1885-1977
State :	Lower Saxony
Administrative region :	Aurich
Administrative headquarters :	north
Area :	649.71 km 2
Residents:	86,500 (Jun 30, 1977)
Population density :	133 inhabitants per km 2
License plate :	NOR
Circle key :	03 6 33
Circle structure:	21 municipalities

The north was a district in northwestern Lower Saxony . It is now part of the Aurich district .

geography

Islands

The East Frisian islands of Memmert , Juist , Norderney and Baltrum belonged to the area of ​​the north district .

Neighboring areas

The district bordered at the beginning of 1977 in a clockwise direction in the east, starting with the districts of Wittmund and Aurich and the independent city of Emden .

history

Location of the north district in the province of Hanover (1905)

After the annexation of Hanover in 1867 by Prussia , in 1885 the North District and the City of North in the Province of Hanover became the North District. In 1932 it was expanded to include parts of the then dissolved district of Emden .

The northern district initially included the cities of Norden (Kreissitz) and Norderney as well as the (island) communities of Juist and Baltrum . Furthermore, the district included the areas of today's municipalities Brookmerland , Hage , Großheide and Dornum . These communities make up the historical north . When the district of Emden was dissolved in 1932, the areas of today's communities Hinte and Krummhörn as well as the communities Larrelt , Harsweg , Logumer Vorwerk , Twixlum , Uphusen and Wybelsum were added. As early as 1945, the municipalities of Larrelt and Harsweg were transferred from the north to the city of Emden, and in 1946 also the municipality of Uphusen.

In the course of Lower Saxony's municipal reform in 1972, Twixlum, Wybelsum and Logumer Vorwerk also came to Emden, but the communities of Roggenstede , Westeraccum , Westeraccumersiel and Westerbur, which had previously belonged to the Wittmund district , became part of the north district. The places mentioned were incorporated into the communities of Dornum and Dornumersiel . Overall, the municipal reform reduced the number of municipalities in the district from 70 in 1971 to the last 21.

With effect from August 1, 1977, the north district was incorporated into the Aurich district. As a result, the north lost its district seat. Today only parts of the district administration of the Aurich district are in the north, including branches of the health department, the youth welfare office and the social welfare office.

The district of Norden used to be considered relatively wealthy - thanks to some industrial companies in the city of Norden, such as the spirits manufacturer Doornkaat , as well as the fact that it is very fertile marshland with good harvest yields. Agriculture, however, only employs a significantly smaller number of people today, and some northern businesses are no longer in existence. Doornkaat, for example, has been made in Haselünne in Emsland since it was taken over by the spirits manufacturer Berentzen . Thus the area of ​​the former rural district of the north is now considered structurally weak with an above-average unemployment rate.

Population development

The district was significantly enlarged in 1932 through the incorporation of a large part of the district of Emden .

year	Residents	source
1890	33.002
1900	35,333
1910	36,600
1925	40,527
1939	62,226
1950	83,060
1960	75,000
1970	82,900
1977	86,500

District administrators

• 1869–1879: Theodor Meyer
• 1879–1882: Friedrich Tilemann
• 1884–1885: Adolf von Buschmann ( acting )
• 1885–1891: Georg von Borries junior
• 1891–1894: Karl Schulze-Pelkum
• 1894–1899: Hermann Friedrich Bayer
• 1899–1919: Waldemar von Lilienthal
• 1920–1921:?
• 1921–1941: Ludwig Schede
• 1941–1942: Ulrich Hühn ( acting )
• 1943–1945: Henry Picker ( NSDAP )
• 1946–1949: Georg Peters ( SPD )
• 1956–1964: Georg Peters (SPD)
• 1964–1972: Carl Ewen (SPD)
• 1972–1976: Georg Peters (SPD)
• 1976–1977: Hinrich Swieter (SPD)

Communities

The following list contains all cities and municipalities that belonged to the northern district as well as all incorporations:

local community	incorporated after	Date of incorporation
Arle	Großheide	July 1, 1972
Baltrum
Berum	Hage	July 1, 1972
Berumbur
Berumerfehn	Großheide	July 1, 1972
Blandorf weights	Hage	July 1, 1972
Camp	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Canhusen	Back	July 1, 1972
Canum	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Circwehrum	Back	July 1, 1972
Dornum
Dornumergrode	Dornumersiel	July 1, 1972
Dornumersiel
Hurry	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Freepsum	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Greetsiel , stains	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Grimersum	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Groothusen	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Great Midlum	Back	July 1, 1972
Großheide
Hage , stains
Hagermarsch
Half moon
Hamswehrum	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Harsweg	Emden	October 1, 1945
Back
Jennelt	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Juist
Junkersrott	Hagermarsch	July 1, 1972
Krummhörn 1
Larrelt	Emden	October 1, 1945
Leezdorf
Leybuchtpolder 2	north	July 1, 1972
Lintelermarsch	north	July 1, 1972
Logumer Vorwerk	Emden	July 1, 1972
Loppersum	Back	July 1, 1972
Loquard	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Lütetsburg
Manslagt	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Marienhafe , Flecken
Menstede-Coldinne	Großheide	July 1, 1972
Nesse
Neßmersiel	Nesse	July 1, 1972
Neuwesteel 3	north	July 1, 1972
North , city
Norderney , city
Osteel
Osterhusen	Back	July 1, 1972
Easter March	north	July 1, 1972
Pewsum , spots	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Pilsum	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Rechtsupweg
Rysum	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Sand farmers	north	1919
Schwittersum	Dornum	July 1, 1972
Seal sum	Upgant bulkhead	July 1, 1972
Süderneuland I	north	July 1, 1972
Süderneuland II	north	July 1, 1972
South Polder	Neuwesteel	October 1, 1939 3
Suurhusen	Back	July 1, 1972
Tjüche	Marienhafe	July 1, 1972
Twixlum	Emden	July 1, 1972
Upgant bulkhead
Uphusen	Emden	April 1, 1946
Upleward	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Uttum	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Visquard	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Westdorf	Nesse	July 1, 1972
Westerende	Großheide	July 1, 1972
Westerhusen	Back	July 1, 1972
Western March I	north	July 1, 1972
Western March II	north	July 1, 1972
Willum
Woltzeten	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Woquard	Krummhörn	July 1, 1972
Wybelsum	Emden	July 1, 1972

¹ re-established on July 1, 1972

² re-established on July 1, 1954

³The municipality of Süderpolder was renamed Neuwesteel on October 1, 1939 .

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinguishing sign NOR when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It was issued until April 4, 1978. It has been available in the Aurich district since November 15, 2012 as part of the license plate liberalization .

Individual evidence

1. ^ District regulation for the province of Hanover (1884)
2. ^ Karl Leiner: Panorama district north. Pictures, coats of arms, people, notes , Norden 1972, p. 523
3. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the communities in the Emden - Norden - Aurich - Wittmund area of June 23, 1971
4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 264 .
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. alfeld.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
7. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1978
8. ↑ ^{a b c d} territorial.de: Northern district
9. ↑ Register of local authorities in the northern district
10. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Free State of Prussia: Province of Hanover Verlag des Prussian State Statistical Office, 1930