Defending champion in the singles was Roger Federer . This year he made it to the final again and met his rival Rafael Nadal there . He prevailed 6: 4 and 7: 6 5 and thus won his third title this year and his 39th title overall on the ATP tour. In doubles, Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić were the defending champions. They made it to the finals again that year, but had to admit defeat to the brothers Bob and Mike Bryan . This was the third title in Madrid for the Bryan brothers after they had won the tournament in 2006 and 2007.
The field of participants in the single competition consisted of 56 players, that of the double competition consisted of 24 pairs. The eight top seeded players in singles or pairings in doubles each got a bye into the second round. The total prize money was 2,835,000 euros; the total financial liabilities were EUR 3,700,000.
The qualification took place from May 7th to 8th, 2010. Seven qualifying places were played, which entitle them to participate in the main draw of the tournament. There were also three lucky losers.
The following prize money and world ranking points were paid out or credited for reaching the respective round. Players who moved into the main draw via qualification received the specified qualification points in addition to those for reaching the respective round. Otherwise the amounts are not cumulative (prize money for the double competition per team).