Roquefort (Landes)
| Roquefort | ||
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Country | |
| Arrondissement | Mont-de-Marsan | |
| Canton | Haute Lande Armagnac | |
| Community association | Landes d'Armagnac | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 2 ′ N , 0 ° 19 ′ W | |
| height | 49-95 m | |
| surface | 12.12 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,892 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 156 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 40120 | |
| INSEE code | 40245 | |
 Roquefort - city view |
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Roquefort is a French commune with 1,892 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of land in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine ; it belongs to the arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan and the canton of Haute Lande Armagnac .
location
Roquefort is located about 110 kilometers (driving distance) south of Bordeaux at the confluence of the Estampon and Douze rivers . Mont-de-Marsan , the main town in the arrondissement, is about 22 kilometers to the south-west.
Population development
| year | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 2,170 | 2.112 | 1,828 | 1,821 | 1,894 | 1.912 |
Roquefort was an important city with over 1000 inhabitants as early as the end of the Middle Ages.
economy
In earlier times Roquefort was the artisanal and mercantile center of the surrounding villages - a function that the city has to this day. There are several small wood processing companies in the vicinity - including a sawmill and a furniture factory. A canning factory and a fish farm are also part of economic life.
history
In the 10th century, the Vice Counts of Marsan built the fortress Pènecadet at the confluence of the Estampon and Douze rivers. From the 12th century, the municipality of Roquefort was established near this castle. In the middle of the same century the gentlemen gave up the castle in favor of more comfortable accommodation; the old walls were taken over by Benedictine monks from the Saint-Sever Abbey about 40 kilometers southwest ; they founded a priory and built a Romanesque church incorporating the walls of the old castle. In 1357 Gaston Fébus , Vice Count of Marsan, established a bastide here , which became an essential station on the Way of St. James , the Via Lemovicensis from Limoges to Santiago de Compostela .
Veien Abbey was located between Captieux in the north and Roquefort in the south. Here between July 3 and August 5, 1530, the wedding between the French King Francis I (1494–1547) and the Spanish Princess Eleonore Archduchess of Austria (1498–1558), daughter of Philip the Fair , Archduke of Austria and King of Castile , instead.
In the middle of the 16th century Roquefort sided with the Fronde , which a few years later resulted in the destruction of the city fortifications ( remparts ).
Attractions
- The Église Sainte-Marie dating from the 12th century and was originally a half each Benedictine - priory of the Abbey of Saint-Sever (eastern parts) and a parish church (western part); both parts were separated by a wall. During the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) and the Huguenot Wars (1562–1598) the building was Gothicized and transformed into a fortified church : the apse was stripped of its windows and fortified with powerful buttresses; its upper part and the tower, which looks like a block, temporarily served as a place of residence for a security team. In times of crisis, grain stocks were also stored in the tower. The late Gothic main portal - partially destroyed by the Huguenots in 1559 - shows a broad basket arch , above it a pointed arch (with archivolts ) as an overlay arch and a keel arch as a decorative crowning. One of the side entrances was reserved exclusively for cagots - for whatever reason they were discriminated against . Inside, the church has three naves and is covered with rib vaults. The furnishings include an altar canopy and two fresco paintings depicting the Assumption of Mary . As early as 1638 the entire church became the parish church of the village; since 1996 it has been registered as a monument historique .
- The construction of the former seminary ( ancien presbytère ) dates back to the 18th century.
- Only sparse remains of the city fortifications razed in the time of Louis XIV .
- The arena ( arènes ) located in the southeast of the city was only inaugurated in 1951. Bullfights ( courses landaises ) take place here once a year as part of a four-day festival.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ “La rencontre et le mariage se firent dans l'Abbaye de Veien, située sur les confins des Landes et du Condomois, entre Rocquefort de Marsan et Capitieux ou Capsjoux.” In: Gabriel-Henri Gaillard : Histoire De François Premier, Roi de France, Dit Le Grand Roi et le Pere des Lettres. Volume 4. Saillant & Nyon, Paris 1769, pp. 110-111 .
- ↑ Église Sainte-Marie in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)