Duhort-Bachen

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Duhort-Bachen
Duhort-Bachen (France)
Duhort-Bachen
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Country
Arrondissement Mont-de-Marsan
Canton Adour Armagnac
Community association Aire-sur-l'Adour
Coordinates 43 ° 44 ′  N , 0 ° 19 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 44 ′  N , 0 ° 19 ′  W
height 64-159 m
surface 34.17 km 2
Residents 664 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 19 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 40800
INSEE code 40091

Duhort-Bachen town hall

Duhort-sows is a French municipality with 664 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of land in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan and the canton of Adour Armagnac (until 2015: canton of Aire-sur-l'Adour ).

The name in the Gascognischen language is Durhòrt-Baishen . It is derived from the Gascognischen words durfort ( German  fortified place ) and bach ( German  below ).

The inhabitants are called Duhortois and Duhortoises .

Watermill
Washing area

geography

Duhort-Bachen is located about 25 kilometers southeast of Mont-de-Marsan not far from Aire-sur-l'Adour in Gascony on the southeastern edge of the department.

Duhort-Bachen is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Renung Cazères-sur-l'Adour
Classun Neighboring communities Aire-sur-l'Adour
Eugénie-les-Bains Bahus Soubiran

Duhort-Bachen is located in the catchment area of ​​the Adour River , which flows along the northern municipal boundary.

Several tributaries of the Adour also irrigate the territory of the municipality:

  • the Broussau ,
  • the Lourden with its tributaries,
    • the Ruisseau de Mazé,
    • the Ruisseau de Gaillat, which rises in Duhort-Bachen, and
    • the Ruisseau de Haset, which rises in Duhort-Bachen, and
  • the Ruisseau du Bayle, which is also called Ruisseau de la Grave here, with its tributary,
    • the Ruisseau de Dauyet, which rises in Duhort-Bachen.

history

In the 1980s, soil explorations uncovered a prehistoric barrow and a Roman military camp in a neighborhood called Castera . The site is on a ridge between the Lourden and Adour valleys. Benedictines built the abbey of Saint-Jean-de-Castellane not far from the site in the 6th century , the name of which is reminiscent of the former camp. It was destroyed in the 8th century as a result of successive conflicts against Arabs and Berbers, and later against Normans . In 1063, a battle for the succession of Odo , Duke of Aquitaine and Gascony, took place here. William VIII of Aquitaine defeated Bernard II , Count of Gascony. As a result, the defeated had to cede Gascony to William VIII. Pierre, Vicomte des Bigorre , had the abbey rebuilt around 1140, in which the Premonstratensians settled in 1155 and initiated an economic spread throughout the region. In 1264 a bastide was built nearby. A contract on feudal rights was made by the English King Edward III. and closed to the monks in 1331, which guaranteed equality over the rights and property of the bastide. As a result, important feudal families lived in Duhort-Bachen, such as the Foix-Candale, two of which were bishops in Aire-sur-l'Adour and one was appointed cardinal in 1570 . On July 5, 1844, the municipalities of Duhort and Bachen merged to form the new municipality of Duhort-Bachen.

Duhort-Bachen owned a station on the railway line of the Compagnie des Tramways à Vapeur de la Chalosse et du Béarn , which connected Aire-sur-l'Adour with Amou and opened in 1909. In the 1930s, first the transport of people, later the freight traffic, was stopped due to a lack of economic efficiency.

Population development

After a peak in the number of inhabitants of around 1,350 in the middle of the 19th century after the merger of the two municipalities, the number fell to around 550 in several short recovery phases by the 1970s, before a growth period with moderate increases began, which is still today persists.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 2017
Residents 615 584 553 572 600 602 617 632 664
Until 1841 only residents of Duhort, from 1846 of Duhort-Bachen
From 1962 official figures without residents with secondary residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006

Attractions

Parish church of Saint-Leu in Duhort

Parish church of Saint-Leu in Duhort Church interior
Parish church of Saint-Leu in Duhort
Church interior

It was built in the course of the construction of the bastide in the 14th century. During the Huguenot Wars , the church was destroyed in 1570 by Protestant troops led by Gabriel de Lorges , Count of Montgomery. The church was then rebuilt in the 16th century on the remaining wall remnants with the help of local building materials, in particular with pebbles from the Adour, in the same place. Today's nave is flanked by two side chapels and ends in a semicircular apse with a sacristy on the south side . The arched windows alternate with the buttresses in the facade. A vestibule with large arched arcades allows access to the church. The square, massive bell tower with oculi and rectangular windows rises above the vestibule . He is equipped with a polygonal helmet covered with slate . Pyramid- shaped roof turrets adorn every outer corner of the tower. In 2011 the bell tower was restored and measures were taken to reduce latent moisture inside the church.

Parish church of Sainte-Marie-Madeleine in Bachen

Parish church of Sainte-Marie-Madeleine in Bachen

The Romanesque , Maria Magdalena dedicated church was built in the 12th or 13th century. The nave with a nave is extended by a polygonal apse. In the south there is an adjoining room. Pointed arched windows give light into the nave on the north side. The entrance to the church is in a small vestibule, which was built with a pent roof on the north side. On the west side there is a triangular bell gable with three round arched openings for the bells.

Saint Jean de la Castelle castle , former abbey

Saint Jean de la Castelle castle , former abbey

Like the parish church in Duhort, the former abbey was set on fire and destroyed by Protestant troops in 1570. As soon as it was rebuilt, the abbey suffered a fire in 1728. After the abbot François de Lavelle (1731–1769) had collected a significant sum, he had a complete new building carried out, which lasted until 1760. At the beginning of the French Revolution , the property was confiscated and sold to the municipality of Saint-Sever and to a certain Dulau for 75,480 livres . After the property was sold again in 1825, the abbey was converted into a castle. The monastery church and the south and east wings of the cloister were demolished between 1832 and 1842. All that remains of the abbey today is the eastern residential wing, which was set up as a palace, the imposing entrance with a triangular gable and the buildings in the rear courtyard. The entrance portal was dismantled in 1839 and reinstalled at Amou Castle. In the middle of the 20th century a stud farm was set up on the site.

Bachen Castle

Bachen Castle

It is a typical Chalosse noble house, built on a hill above the Adour valley on the site of a former fortification. Around 1774 the seat of a baronate was completely rebuilt with an extensive estate. The castle consists of a residential building, the high roof of which is reminiscent of the architecture of the Béarn , and a flatter wing of outbuildings. There is also a wine cellar and former agricultural outbuildings typical of the Landes. Parts of the castle (residential buildings, facades, roof of the wing of the outbuildings and the estate manager's apartment wing, Saint-Ouen fountain ) have been inscribed as a monument historique since July 5, 1994 . It is privately owned and not open to the public.

Castle du Lau

Castle du Lau

Antoine de Castelnau, chamberlain to the French King Louis XI. , had the castle rebuilt in the 15th century with Flemish style influences. It is located on the site of an earlier medieval Castelnau . A Castelnau ( German  Neuburg , Occitan castèl nòu , in Vulgar Latin castellum novum ) is a village or town that was founded near a mound castle . In the east of the complex is the residential building from the 15th century, in the south a right-angled wing from the late Middle Ages, which was refurbished in the 19th century, in the west an entrance gate clad in the 19th century. In the north, a building was demolished to make way for a moat, the course of which was adapted to a recently leveled, artificial mound. The castle has been classified as a Monument historique since April 2, 1997 . It is owned by a private person but is open to the public.

Castle du Souilh

It is considered a witness of the Chalosse culture of the 18th and 19th centuries. Since October 13, 1992 the castle has been registered as a monument historique . It is owned by a private person and is not accessible to the public.

Economy and Infrastructure

Viticulture plays an important role in the municipality's economy.

Duhort-Bachen is located in the AOC zone of the Tursan wine-growing region .

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 57

education

The municipality has a public primary school with 17 pupils in the 2017/2018 school year.

sport and freetime

  • An easy circular route with a length of 5.4 km leads from the center of the municipality through the Lourden valley without any difference in altitude.
  • There is a Haras de Pompeyre equestrian center in Duhort-Bachen with opportunities for training and rides for children from three years of age, for young people and for adults on an estate with an area of ​​13 hectares.

traffic

Duhort-Bachen can be reached via the Routes départementales 39, 65, 352, 352E, 445 and 448.

Web links

Commons : Duhort-Bachen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Duhort-Bachen ( fr ) Gasconha.com. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b c Duhort-Bachen ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  3. ↑ Landes ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  4. ↑ Ma commune: Duhort-Bachen ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  5. ↑ a b Château de Saint Jean de la Castelle ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  6. ↑ Alexandre Ducourneau: La Guienne, histoirique et monumental . P. Coudert, 1842, p. 82 (French, limited preview in Google Book search).
  7. ^ Tramways à vapeur de la Chalosse et du Béarn ligne Aire-sur-Adour-Amou ( fr ) Chemin de Fer des Chanteraines. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  8. ^ Notice Communale Duhort-Bachen ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  9. ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Duhort-Bachen (40091) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  10. ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Duhort-Bachen (40091) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  11. ↑ Eglise Saint-Leu de Duhort ( fr ) Observatoire du patrimoine religieux. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  12. ^ Église Saint Loup ou Leu à Duhort-Bachen ( fr ) Fondation du patrimoine. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  13. ↑ Eglise Sainte-Marie-Madeleine de Bachen ( fr ) Observatoire du patrimoine religieux. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  14. ^ Philippe Bonnet: Les constructions de l'ordre de Prémontré en France aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles . Librairie Droz, 1983, ISBN 978-2-600-04616-9 , pp. 196 (French, limited preview in Google Book search).
  15. ^ Château d'Amou ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  16. ^ Château de Bachen ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  17. ^ Château du Lau ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  18. ↑ Château du Souilh ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  19. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  20. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Duhort-Bachen (40091) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  21. ^ École élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  22. ↑ A Duhort-Bachen, circuit des vallons du Lourden ( fr ) Comité Départemental du Tourisme des Landes. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  23. ↑ Haras de Pompeyre ( fr ) landes-tourisme.info. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 22, 2018. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.landes-tourisme.info