La Cluse-et-Mijoux
| La Cluse-et-Mijoux | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Doubs | |
| Arrondissement | Pontarlier | |
| Canton | Pontarlier | |
| Community association | Grand Pontarlier | |
| Coordinates | 46 ° 52 ' N , 6 ° 23' E | |
| height | 837-1,199 m | |
| surface | 22.50 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,307 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 58 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 25300 | |
| INSEE code | 25157 | |
 La Cluse-et-Mijoux with Château de Joux |
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La Cluse-et-Mijoux is a French commune with 1,307 inhabitants (as of January 1 2017) in Doubs in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
La Cluse-et-Mijoux is located 860 m above sea level, about four kilometers south-southeast of the city of Pontarlier (as the crow flies). The village extends in the Jura , in the Doubs Valley , at a narrow point below the Château de Joux , at the southwest foot of the Montagne du Larmont , near the border with Switzerland .
The area of the 22.50 km² municipality covers a section of the French Jura. The central part of the area is occupied by the Doubs valley, which has a flat valley floor that is a maximum of one kilometer wide. The Doubs meanders through this wide valley and drains the area to the north. In the valley floor, moor areas extend in various places. The Château de Joux is located on an isolated, partly rocky hill in the middle of the valley. In the west, the Doube valley is flanked by the Montagne du Laveron (up to 1015 m). The anticline of the Montagne du Larmont rises on the east side .
To the east, the community area extends into the broad valley of the Vallon des Verrières, which connects to the Swiss Val de Travers . It is drained from the Ruisseau de la Morte to the Doubs. The heights of Mont des Verrières and Roche Sarrasine , which adjoin this valley to the south, also belong to the municipality. Here, at 1199 m, the highest point of La Cluse-et-Mijoux is reached. With a narrow strip of the municipal soil extends south into the narrow valley of the Fontaine Ronde , which follows an important fault line that crosses the Jura. While the lowlands outside the marshland largely consisted of meadows, the plateaus show a loose structure of pastureland and forest.
The municipality of La Cluse-et-Mijoux consists of various districts, hamlets and farm groups, including:
- La Cluse ( 860 m ) on the eastern edge of the Doubs valley, at the northern entrance to the gorge-like passage between Château de Joux and Fort du Larmont Inférieur
- Le Frambourg ( 861 m ), a traffic junction at the southern entrance to the gorge-like passage between Château de Joux and Fort du Larmont Inférieur
- Les Angles ( 860 m ) at the southern foot of the hill of the Château de Joux
- La Gauffre ( 876 m ) at the entrance to the valley of the Fontaine Ronde
- Chapelle Mijoux ( 996 m ) on a terrace on the eastern slope of the Combe de la Fontaine Ronde
- Montpetot ( 995 m ) on a terrace below the Roche Sarrasine
- Le Creux ( 878 m ) in the Vallon des Verrières on the Ruisseau de la Morte
- Les Gauffres-Dessous ( 945 m ) on the southern slope of the Vallon des Verrières
- Les Brenets ( 1065 m ) on a leveled area on the southern slope of the Montagne du Larmont
Neighboring municipalities of La Cluse-et-Mijoux are Pontarlier in the north, Verrières-de-Joux in the east, Les Fourgs , Les Hôpitaux-Vieux and Montperreux in the south and Oye-et-Pallet and Granges-Narboz in the west.
history
The history of La Cluse-et-Mijoux is closely linked to that of the Château de Joux . Very little is known about the beginnings of this medieval castle. The castle was first mentioned in a document in 1034 , at that time still under the name Miroaltum Castrum . It belonged to the rich aristocratic de Joux family, who since that time held an important position between the Free County of Burgundy and the Vaudois lords. The castle controlled two important traffic routes that crossed the Jura. A settlement developed at the foot of the castle hill in the Middle Ages. In the 15th century the ownership changed several times before the castle became part of the Free County of Burgundy in 1507. During the Thirty Years' War it was occupied by troops from Duke Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar in 1639 . Together with Franche-Comté , the castle and La Cluse-et-Mijoux came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678. According to Vauban's plans , the Château de Joux was expanded into an important border fortress and the site of a garrison. Since the time of the French Revolution , La Cluse and Mijoux formed a double community.
Attractions
The Château de Joux on its striking rocky hill is one of the most important sights of Franche-Comté. The oldest parts date from the 12th century; Extensions were made in the 15th and 16th centuries, while the conversion to a garrison fortress in the 17th century under Vauban. Today the Château de Joux is surrounded by five fortification rings. Fort du Larmont Inférieur (also called Fort Mahler), which is 1010 m above sea level on the eastern side of the Klus on the slope of the Montagne du Larmont and was built from 1844 to 1851, is also part of the fortification system of Fort de Joux.
The parish church of Saint-Pierre was built in 1698 and enlarged in 1734. There are chapels in the hamlets of Chapelle-Mijoux and Montpetot.
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 868 |
| 1968 | 877 |
| 1975 | 902 |
| 1982 | 911 |
| 1990 | 1067 |
| 1999 | 1122 |
| 2006 | 1158 |
| 2016 | 1312 |
With 1307 inhabitants (January 1, 2017), La Cluse-et-Mijoux is one of the smaller municipalities in the Doubs department. After the population had decreased in the first half of the 20th century (in 1906 there were still 995 people), the population has continued to grow steadily since the mid-1950s.
Economy and Infrastructure
For a long time, La Cluse-et-Mijoux was primarily a village characterized by agriculture, in particular dairy farming and cattle breeding, as well as forestry. Today the place lives from tourism. There are also some small and medium-sized businesses, including in the food industry, construction and wood processing industries. In the meantime, the village has also turned into a residential community. Many workers are commuters who work in the larger towns in the area.
The village is a regional transport hub in the Jura. It is on the main road N57, which leads from Pontarlier over the Col de Jougne to Vallorbe . In the district of Le Frambourg there is the junction of the D67b, which connects to Neuchâtel through the Vallon des Verrières . Other regional road connections exist with Mouthe and Sainte-Croix . The municipality is crossed by the railway line that goes from Pontarlier to Neuchâtel. The now closed station was a junction for the Pontarlier - Jougne - Vallorbe branch line. Today La Cluse-et-Mijoux is connected to Pontarlier by a bus route.
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Doubs. Volume 2, Flohic Editions, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84234-087-6 , pp. 955-960.
Web links
